CN110330310B - Preparation method of high-strength crack household porcelain - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-strength crack household porcelain Download PDF

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CN110330310B
CN110330310B CN201910437610.0A CN201910437610A CN110330310B CN 110330310 B CN110330310 B CN 110330310B CN 201910437610 A CN201910437610 A CN 201910437610A CN 110330310 B CN110330310 B CN 110330310B
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parts
glaze
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raw materials
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CN110330310A (en
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苏康福
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Fujian Quanzhou Longpeng Group Co ltd
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    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
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Abstract

The preparation method of the high-strength crack household porcelain comprises a blank body and glaze, wherein the blank body comprises the following raw materials: the ceramic is prepared from albite, cullet, clay, sepiolite, wollastonite, limestone, tourmaline, sericite, silicon micropowder, calcium oxide, lanthanum oxide, strontium carbonate and tin oxide, wherein the albite, the cullet, the clay, the sepiolite, the wollastonite, the limestone and the sericite are matched with tourmaline, silicon micropowder, calcium oxide, tin oxide, lanthanum oxide and strontium carbonate which are auxiliary components, the sepiolite is matched with the tourmaline, the firing temperature of the ceramic is reduced, and the sericite, the wollastonite, the limestone and the silicon micropowder are matched, so that the folding resistance and the compression resistance of a blank body can be improved.

Description

Preparation method of high-strength crack household porcelain
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of porcelain preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-strength crack domestic porcelain.
Background
Along with the progress and development of society, the consciousness of environmental protection and use safety is stronger and stronger, and compared with plastic tableware, the ceramic tableware has the advantages of good wear resistance, easy cleaning, durability and the like. The firing and application of the ceramic tableware have a long history in China, the ceramic tableware has various shapes, colorful colors, cool and smooth hand feeling, is easy to wash and is deeply favored by China, the existing high-grade tableware is usually made of bone china, the bone china is made of bone meal, kaolin, quartz, feldspar and other raw materials, the firing temperature is 1300-1350 ℃, the raw material cost is high, the firing temperature is high, the brittleness of the ceramic tableware is large, the impact resistance is low, and the ceramic tableware is fragile.
The split glaze is a decoration art of the porcelain, the glaze surface of the porcelain is distributed with a plurality of small cracks, has sparse, dense, thick, thin, long, short, curved, straight and similar to cracking, crab claw or ice crack lines, and the cracking of the glaze is originally a defect in firing, but when the glaze of some products is very special, uniform and clear in lines and distributed on the surface of the porcelain, a special aesthetic feeling is given to people, so that people can inspire the crack, summarize experience and consciously cause the crack of the glaze, and gradually create the split glaze and the reason for the generation of the split glaze, namely simply that the thermal expansion coefficient of the glaze is larger than that of a blank body, and the glaze generates larger tensile stress in the firing process, so that the glaze forms a plurality of cracks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of high-strength crack household porcelain.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the high-strength crack domestic porcelain comprises a blank body and glaze, wherein the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of albite, 35-40 parts of cullet, 25-30 parts of clay, 15-18 parts of sepiolite, 10-12 parts of wollastonite, 8-10 parts of limestone, 5-8 parts of tourmaline, 8-12 parts of sericite, 5-8 parts of silicon micropowder, 2-5 parts of calcium oxide, 1-3 parts of lanthanum oxide, 1-2 parts of strontium carbonate and 0.5-0.8 part of tin oxide; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-22 parts of permeant feldspar, 20-25 parts of quartz, 10-12 parts of mica powder, 5-8 parts of light calcined powder, 6-8 parts of andalusite, 10-12 parts of calcite, 2-3 parts of metamorphic rock powder, 1-3 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-6 parts of zinc oxide, 6-8 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.8-1 part of cerium oxide and 1-2 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the formula of the blank and the glaze, and respectively crushing, mixing and ball-milling the raw materials by a wet method to prepare blank slurry and glaze slurry;
(2) preparing the blank slurry prepared in the step (1) into a ceramic blank;
(4) applying the glaze slip prepared in the step (1) on the surface of the dried ceramic body;
(4) and after the glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic blank is dried, sending the ceramic blank into a kiln, heating to 980-1050 ℃ in an oxidizing atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 6-8h, then converting into a reducing atmosphere, heating to 1150-1180 ℃, carrying out heat preservation firing for 4-5h, finally cooling to 850-880 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation firing for 1-2h to obtain the high-strength crack household porcelain.
Further, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is larger than that of the green body.
Furthermore, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is 16-18%, and the shrinkage rate of the blank body is 8-12%.
Further, when wet ball milling is carried out on the glaze slip in the step (1), the raw materials are wet-milled for 40-48 hours in a ball mill, the milling medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water-1: 1.5-1.8: 1.2-1.5.
Further, when wet ball milling is performed on the blank slurry in the step (1), wet milling is performed on the raw materials in a ball mill for 25-30 hours, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water-1: 1.2-1.5: 1-1.2.
Further, the forming process of the ceramic body in the step (2) is roll forming.
Further, in the step (3), the glazing manner of the glaze slurry is glaze pouring or glaze dipping.
Further, the thickness of the glaze is 0.4-0.6 mm.
As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the body is matched with tourmaline, silica micropowder, calcium oxide, tin oxide, lanthanum oxide and strontium carbonate which are main components through albite, cullet, clay, sepiolite, wollastonite, limestone and sericite, and auxiliary components through tourmaline, the firing temperature of the ceramic is reduced through the matching of sepiolite and tourmaline, the folding resistance and the compression resistance of the body can be improved, the shrinkage rate of the body is reduced, the glaze is matched with metamorphic rock powder, zirconium silicate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and cerium oxide which are auxiliary components through feldspar, quartz, mica powder, light burned powder, andalusite and calcite, the glaze formed by firing is transparent and bright, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is larger than that of the body, so that a plurality of cracks are formed on the surface of the finally fired domestic porcelain, and the attractiveness of the domestic porcelain is improved;
the invention uses the combination of the green body and the glaze, adopts the one-time firing process, firstly undergoes the oxidation atmosphere and then undergoes the firing in the reduction atmosphere, so that the surface of the prepared household porcelain has a plurality of cracks, has hard texture, high breaking strength and good chemical stability, and the household tableware does not crack after falling from 1 meter to the cement board, is acid and alkali resistant, can be used in a microwave oven and is not damaged in an automatic dish-washing machine.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by means of specific embodiments.
A high-strength crack domestic porcelain comprises a blank body and glaze.
The blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of albite, 35-40 parts of cullet, 25-30 parts of clay, 15-18 parts of sepiolite, 10-12 parts of wollastonite, 8-10 parts of limestone, 5-8 parts of tourmaline, 8-12 parts of sericite, 5-8 parts of silicon micropowder, 2-5 parts of calcium oxide, 1-3 parts of lanthanum oxide, 1-2 parts of strontium carbonate and 0.5-0.8 part of tin oxide.
The glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-22 parts of permeant feldspar, 20-25 parts of quartz, 10-12 parts of mica powder, 5-8 parts of light calcined powder, 6-8 parts of andalusite, 10-12 parts of calcite, 2-3 parts of metamorphic rock powder, 1-3 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-6 parts of zinc oxide, 6-8 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.8-1 part of cerium oxide and 1-2 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate.
Specifically, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is greater than that of the blank, and further, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is 16-18%, and the shrinkage rate of the blank is 8-12%.
A preparation method of a high-strength crack household porcelain comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the formula of the blank and the glaze, and respectively crushing, mixing and ball-milling the raw materials by a wet method to prepare blank slurry and glaze slurry;
(2) preparing the blank slurry prepared in the step (1) into a ceramic blank;
(3) applying the glaze slip prepared in the step (1) on the surface of the dried ceramic body;
(4) and after the glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic blank is dried, sending the ceramic blank into a kiln, heating to 980-1050 ℃ in an oxidizing atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 6-8h, then converting into a reducing atmosphere, heating to 1150-1180 ℃, carrying out heat preservation firing for 4-5h, finally cooling to 850-880 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation firing for 1-2h to obtain the high-strength crack household porcelain.
Specifically, when wet ball milling is carried out on the glaze slip in the step (1), the raw materials are ground in a ball mill for 40-48 hours by a wet method, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water 1:1.5-1.8: 1.2-1.5; when wet ball milling is carried out on the blank slurry, wet grinding is carried out on the raw materials in a ball mill for 25-30 hours, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials are as follows: ball: water-1: 1.2-1.5: 1-1.2.
The forming process of the ceramic blank is roll forming.
The glazing mode of the glaze slip is glaze pouring or glaze dipping.
The thickness of the glaze is 0.4-0.6 mm.
Example 1
A high-strength crack domestic porcelain comprises a blank body and glaze.
The blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of albite, 40 parts of cullet, 25 parts of clay, 15 parts of sepiolite, 12 parts of wollastonite, 8 parts of limestone, 8 parts of tourmaline, 12 parts of sericite, 5 parts of silicon micropowder, 5 parts of calcium oxide, 1 part of lanthanum oxide, 2 parts of strontium carbonate and 0.5 part of tin oxide.
The glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of permeant feldspar, 20 parts of quartz, 10 parts of mica powder, 8 parts of light calcined powder, 6 parts of andalusite, 12 parts of calcite, 2 parts of metamorphic rock powder, 3 parts of zirconium silicate, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 1 part of cerium oxide and 2 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate.
Specifically, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is greater than that of the blank, and further, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is 16% and that of the blank is 8%.
A preparation method of a high-strength crack household porcelain comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the formula of the blank and the glaze, and respectively crushing, mixing and ball-milling the raw materials by a wet method to prepare blank slurry and glaze slurry;
(2) preparing the blank slurry prepared in the step (1) into a ceramic blank;
(3) applying the glaze slip prepared in the step (1) on the surface of the dried ceramic body;
(4) and after the glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic blank is dried, feeding the ceramic blank into a kiln, heating to 980 ℃ in an oxidizing atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 8h, then converting into a reducing atmosphere, heating to 1150 ℃, carrying out heat preservation firing for 5h, finally cooling to 880 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation firing for 1h to obtain the high-strength crack household ceramic.
Specifically, when wet ball milling is carried out on the glaze slip in the step (1), the raw materials are wet-milled for 40 hours in a ball mill, the milling medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water 1:1.5: 1.5; when wet ball milling is carried out on the blank slurry, the raw materials are ground in a ball mill for 30 hours by a wet method, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water 1:1.2: 1.
The forming process of the ceramic blank is roll forming.
The glazing mode of the glaze slip is glaze pouring.
The thickness of the glaze was 0.6 mm.
Example 2
A high-strength crack domestic porcelain comprises a blank body and glaze.
The blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of albite, 35 parts of cullet, 30 parts of clay, 18 parts of sepiolite, 10 parts of wollastonite, 10 parts of limestone, 5 parts of tourmaline, 8 parts of sericite, 8 parts of silicon micropowder, 2 parts of calcium oxide, 3 parts of lanthanum oxide, 1 part of strontium carbonate and 0.8 part of tin oxide.
The glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of permeant feldspar, 25 parts of quartz, 12 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of light calcined powder, 8 parts of andalusite, 10 parts of calcite, 3 parts of metamorphic rock powder, 1 part of zirconium silicate, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 8 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.8 part of cerium oxide and 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate.
Specifically, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is greater than that of the blank, and further, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is 18% and the shrinkage rate of the blank is 12%.
A preparation method of a high-strength crack household porcelain comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the formula of the blank and the glaze, and respectively crushing, mixing and ball-milling the raw materials by a wet method to prepare blank slurry and glaze slurry;
(2) preparing the blank slurry prepared in the step (1) into a ceramic blank;
(3) applying the glaze slip prepared in the step (1) on the surface of the dried ceramic body;
(4) and after the glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic blank is dried, feeding the ceramic blank into a kiln, heating to 1050 ℃ in an oxidizing atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 6 hours, then converting into a reducing atmosphere, heating to 1180 ℃, carrying out heat preservation firing for 4 hours, finally cooling to 850 ℃, carrying out heat preservation firing for 2 hours, and thus obtaining the high-strength crack household porcelain.
Specifically, when wet ball milling is carried out on the glaze slip in the step (1), the raw materials are wet-milled for 48 hours in a ball mill, the milling medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water 1:1.8: 1.2; when wet ball milling is carried out on the blank slurry, wet grinding is carried out on the raw materials in a ball mill for 25 hours, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water-1: 1.5: 1.2.
The forming process of the ceramic blank is roll forming.
The glazing mode of the glaze slip is dipping glaze.
The thickness of the glaze was 0.4 mm.
Example 3
A high-strength crack domestic porcelain comprises a blank body and glaze.
The blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of albite, 38 parts of cullet, 28 parts of clay, 16 parts of sepiolite, 11 parts of wollastonite, 9 parts of limestone, 6 parts of tourmaline, 10 parts of sericite, 6 parts of silicon micropowder, 4 parts of calcium oxide, 2 parts of lanthanum oxide, 1.5 parts of strontium carbonate and 0.6 part of tin oxide.
The glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of permeant feldspar, 23 parts of quartz, 11 parts of mica powder, 6 parts of light calcined powder, 7 parts of andalusite, 11 parts of calcite, 2.5 parts of metamorphic rock powder, 2 parts of zirconium silicate, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 7 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.9 part of cerium oxide and 1.5 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate.
Specifically, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is greater than that of the blank, and further, the shrinkage rate of the glaze is 17% and that of the blank is 10%.
A preparation method of a high-strength crack household porcelain comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the formula of the blank and the glaze, and respectively crushing, mixing and ball-milling the raw materials by a wet method to prepare blank slurry and glaze slurry;
(2) preparing the blank slurry prepared in the step (1) into a ceramic blank;
(3) applying the glaze slip prepared in the step (1) on the surface of the dried ceramic body;
(4) and after the glaze slip on the surface of the ceramic body is dried, feeding the ceramic body into a kiln, heating to 1020 ℃ in an oxidizing atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 7 hours, then converting the ceramic body into a reducing atmosphere, heating to 1165 ℃, carrying out heat preservation firing for 4.5 hours, finally cooling to 860 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation firing for 1.5 hours to obtain the high-strength crack household ceramic.
Specifically, when wet ball milling is performed on the glaze slip in the step (1), the raw materials are wet-milled for 44 hours in a ball mill, the milling medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water 1:1.6: 1.4; when wet ball milling is carried out on the blank slurry, the raw materials are ground in a ball mill for 28 hours by a wet method, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water-1: 1.4: 1.1.
The forming process of the ceramic blank is roll forming.
The glazing mode of the glaze slip is glaze pouring.
The thickness of the glaze was 0.5 mm.
The three examples and the prior daily tableware porcelain are tested to obtain the following performance parameters:
TABLE 1 table of Performance parameters for the examples
Figure BDA0002071018960000081
According to the invention, the body is matched with tourmaline, silica powder, calcium oxide, tin oxide, lanthanum oxide and strontium carbonate which are main components, sepiolite and tourmaline, the firing temperature of the ceramic is reduced, sericite, wollastonite, limestone and silica powder are matched, the anti-bending and anti-compression properties of the body can be increased, the shrinkage rate of the body is reduced, the glaze is matched with modified rock powder, zirconium silicate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and cerium oxide which are auxiliary components through feldspar, quartz, mica powder, light burned powder, andalusite, calcite which are main components, so that the glaze surface formed by firing is transparent and bright, and the shrinkage rate of the glaze is greater than that of the body, therefore, the surface of the domestic ceramic formed by final firing is provided with a plurality of cracks, and the attractiveness of the domestic ceramic is improved; through the matching of the blank body and the glaze, the daily porcelain is subjected to an oxidizing atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere by adopting a one-time firing process, so that a plurality of cracks are formed on the surface of the prepared daily porcelain, the daily porcelain is hard in texture, high in breaking strength and good in chemical stability, and the daily tableware does not break when falling to a cement board from 1 m, is acid and alkali resistant, can be used in a microwave oven and is not damaged in an automatic dish washing machine.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents and modifications within the scope of the description.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the high-strength crack household porcelain is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the high-strength crack domestic porcelain comprises a blank body and glaze, wherein the blank body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of albite, 35-40 parts of cullet, 25-30 parts of clay, 15-18 parts of sepiolite, 10-12 parts of wollastonite, 8-10 parts of limestone, 5-8 parts of tourmaline, 8-12 parts of sericite, 5-8 parts of silicon micropowder, 2-5 parts of calcium oxide, 1-3 parts of lanthanum oxide, 1-2 parts of strontium carbonate and 0.5-0.8 part of tin oxide; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-22 parts of permeant feldspar, 20-25 parts of quartz, 10-12 parts of mica powder, 5-8 parts of light calcined powder, 6-8 parts of andalusite, 10-12 parts of calcite, 2-3 parts of metamorphic rock powder, 1-3 parts of zirconium silicate, 2-6 parts of zinc oxide, 6-8 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.8-1 part of cerium oxide and 1-2 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the formula of the blank and the glaze, and respectively crushing, mixing and ball-milling the raw materials by a wet method to prepare blank slurry and glaze slurry;
(2) preparing the blank slurry prepared in the step (1) into a ceramic blank;
(3) applying the glaze slip prepared in the step (1) on the surface of the dried ceramic body;
(4) after the glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic blank is dried, sending the ceramic blank into a kiln, heating to 980-1050 ℃ in an oxidizing atmosphere, carrying out heat preservation firing for 6-8h, then converting into a reducing atmosphere, heating to 1150-1180 ℃, carrying out heat preservation firing for 4-5h, finally cooling to 850-880 ℃, carrying out heat preservation firing for 1-2h, and obtaining the high-strength crack household porcelain;
the shrinkage rate of the glaze is greater than that of the green body; the shrinkage rate of the glaze is 16-18%, and the shrinkage rate of the blank body is 8-12%.
2. The preparation method of the high-strength crack household porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: when wet ball milling is carried out on the glaze slip in the step (1), the raw materials are ground in a ball mill for 40-48 hours by a wet method, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials: ball: water =1:1.5-1.8: 1.2-1.5.
3. The preparation method of the high-strength crack household porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: when wet ball milling is carried out on the blank slurry in the step (1), wet grinding is carried out on the raw materials in a ball mill for 25-30 hours, the grinding medium is water, and the raw materials are as follows: ball: water =1:1.2-1.5: 1-1.2.
4. The preparation method of the high-strength crack household porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) the forming process of the ceramic blank in the step (2) is roll forming.
5. The preparation method of the high-strength crack household porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the glazing mode of the glaze slurry is glaze pouring or glaze dipping.
6. The preparation method of the high-strength crack household porcelain according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the glaze is 0.4-0.6 mm.
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