CN108863306A - A kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic and its preparation process - Google Patents
A kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic and its preparation process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of ceramic preparation technology, and in particular to a kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic and its preparation process, including blank and glaze, the blank include：58 parts of kaolin, 24 parts of potassium feldspar, quartzy 13 parts, 17 parts of clay, 2 parts of talcum, 15 parts of fluxing material, 20 parts of wollastonite, 14 parts of shepardite, 10 parts of albite, 8 parts of calcium silicates, 8 parts of barium sulfate, 6 parts of sepiolite；The glaze includes：45 parts of potassium feldspar, 16 parts of montmorillonite, quartzy 26 parts, 39 parts of albite, 3 parts of coloring oxide, 2 parts of calgon, 5 parts of talcum, 20 parts of calcium carbonate.Its preparation process includes the following steps：S1 ingredient；S2 throwing；S3 biscuiting；S4 glazing；S5 firing.Present invention process cracked ice pattern ceramic produced has the advantages that high mechanical strength, color are lustrous and transparent transparent and the fine and smooth rule of crackle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of ceramic preparation technology, and in particular to it is a kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic and its preparation work
Skill.
Background technique
The porcelain culture of China is of long standing and well established, and celadon is fine and smooth with porcelain, moulding dignity is simple and natural, color is pure grizzled and writes
Claim, there is the good reputation of " flower of porcelain ".Celadon originates from the original porcelain of Shang dynasty, peaks to Song Dynasty production technique, in 3000
Development course in, celadon moves to maturity from birth, and ancients are to the still beautiful plot having deep love for derived from the Chinese nation of celadon, and celadon
Symbol if the beautiful quality like ice is exactly Chinese nation's nobleness character is one fresh in the course of Chinese nation's development of civilization
National Culture Symbol living.
Cracked ice pattern celadon is actually a kind of oblique hacking crackle vitreous enamel, and the appearance of hacking is in sintering process in itself
The coefficient of expansion of a kind of defect, i.e. tire and glaze mismatches caused glaze paint cracking, its feature is that light and shade is different in glaze layer
Crackle white edge, the same pattern of composition roseleaf, layer upon layer of is distributed in glaze layer, to build a kind of ancient fragrant ancient
The aesthetic of color.At the same time, when the content difference of iron in glaze, glaze colours also will show bluish white, pale blue, plum green etc. no
With tone, the regrettably manufacture craft of cracked ice pattern, the glaze of most porcelain is all line piece before the Song Dynasty, and firer makes every effort to keep away
Exempt from but is difficult to control.However, it is the beautiful beginning that your government porcelain kiln of the Northern Song Dynasty, which takes the lead in having started with line piece, consciously using hacking as one
It plants natural beauty and appreciates, Northern Song Dynasty government porcelain kiln, Southern Song Dynasty's Xiuneisi official ware, suburb altar government porcelain kiln, brother's kiln or even Longqun Cave also strongly imitate, and change and lack
It falls into as beauty, has fired the various celadons of line piece fineness, and line piece decoration is made to become one of the main standard for measuring celadon beauty.
All the time, many scholars have done certain research and exploration, and take to manufacture craft and the artistic value aspect of ancient times celadon
Compare great successes, but for machine that preparation of the cracked ice pattern celadon under the modern common process and cracked ice pattern are formed
Reason aspect need further in-depth study, and what can be learnt at present is that the formation of cracked ice pattern is chemical group with its tire glaze
At, glazing process, burning process, carcass biscuiting technique etc. it is closely related, glazing process and biscuiting technique determine cracked ice pattern shape
The level and aesthetic effect of shape, burning process form directly the thickness, glaze layer internal layer number of bubbles and size of body-glaze intermediate layer
Correlation is connect, also has direct influence to the size of cracked ice pattern shape.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic and its systems
Standby technique.Present invention process cracked ice pattern ceramic produced have high mechanical strength, color is lustrous and transparent transparent and crackle is thin
The advantage of greasy rule.
A kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic, including blank and glaze, the blank by following parts by weight raw material group
At：55-65 parts of kaolin, 23-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-14 parts of quartz, 16-19 parts of clay, 2-4 parts of talcum, fluxing material 14-18
Part, 18-22 parts of wollastonite, 10-15 parts of shepardite, 9-12 parts of albite, 8-10 parts of calcium silicates, 6-11 parts of barium sulfate, sepiolite
4-7 parts；The glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight：42-50 parts of potassium feldspar, 13-18 parts of montmorillonite, quartz 23-28 parts, sodium
36-42 parts of feldspar, 2-4 parts of coloring oxide, 1-2 parts of calgon, 3-6 parts of talcum, 16-22 parts of calcium carbonate.
Further, the blank is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：58 parts of kaolin, 24 parts of potassium feldspar, quartz 13
Part, 17 parts of clay, 2 parts of talcum, 15 parts of fluxing material, 20 parts of wollastonite, 14 parts of shepardite, 10 parts of albite, 8 parts of calcium silicates, sulphur
8 parts of sour barium, 6 parts of sepiolite；The glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight：45 parts of potassium feldspar, 16 parts of montmorillonite, quartz 26
Part, 39 parts of albite, 3 parts of coloring oxide, 2 parts of calgon, 5 parts of talcum, 20 parts of calcium carbonate.
Further, the fluxing material is 3 according to weight ratio by line borate and boron oxide:7 ratio mixes.
Further, the coloring oxide is 5 according to weight ratio by chromium oxide and cobalt oxide:3 ratio mixes.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation processes of high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic, include the following steps：
S1 ingredient：It weighs to be put into ball mill after blank crushes respectively according to parts by weight and mix, blank total weight parts are added
70-80% water obtains blank slurry after ball milling 18-24h, spare by 200 meshes；Glaze powder is weighed respectively according to parts by weight
It is put into ball mill and mixes after broken, the 65-70% water of glaze total weight parts is added, obtains glaze slurry after ball milling 15-20h, leads to
It sieves with 100 mesh sieve, it is spare；
S2 throwing：Blank slurry obtained by S1 step is fabricated to green body by moulding, 20-35 DEG C at a temperature of dry 5-8h after
Obtain biscuit；
S3 biscuiting：The biscuit that S2 step obtains is put into biscuiting 2-3.5h in kiln, biscuiting temperature is 750-900 DEG C, after cooling
Kiln discharge obtains plain tire；
S4 glazing：The glaze slurry that S1 step obtains is subjected to glazing treatment to the plain tire that S3 step obtains, glazed thickness is
2.5-3mm；
S5 firing：Plain tire after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting, firing temperature is 1250-1320 DEG C, firing time 15-
22h obtains high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic.
Beneficial effect
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
（1）, the present invention it is long by using kaolin, potassium feldspar, quartz, clay, talcum, fluxing material, wollastonite, shepardite, sodium
As blank raw material, the kaolin as primary raw material passes through by line borate and boron oxide for stone, calcium silicates, barium sulfate, sepiolite
It is 3 according to weight ratio:It can reduce its melting temperature under the action of the fluxing agent that 7 ratio mixes, promote Low fire ceramic
Mechanical strength；The addition of quartz can make blank raw material be easier to be formed, and it is strong that the green body after also making sizing has certain drying
It spends and is not influenced vulnerable to external force, enhance its surface strength；Potassium feldspar, albite, which can also be used as fluxing agent, reduces the firing of green body
Temperature promotes quartz and kaolin melting, and the feldspar vitreum for melting generation can fill gap between crystal, promotes green body
Compactness extent, its surface hardness and intensity is greatly enhanced, and the coefficient of expansion of mold can be reduced；Wollastonite, clay,
Shepardite and talcum can effectively improve the consistency of green body, increase substantially its mechanical strength as packing material；Calcium silicates
It is first melted and filled in each feed particles with barium sulfate, promotes the consistency of Low fire ceramic, and then promote its hardness and resistance to
Mill property.
（2）, the present invention mixed using potassium feldspar, montmorillonite, quartz, chromium oxide and cobalt oxide coloring oxide,
Albite, calgon, talcum, calcium carbonate are as glaze raw material, wherein long as the montmorillonite of main glaze, quartz, potassium
Contain a large amount of silica and aluminium oxide in stone and albite, influence of the silica alumina ratio to cracked ice pattern effect in glaze to pass
Important, when silica or excessive aluminium oxide proportion, glaze paint seems matt because of firing, and silica can capture free oxygen shape
Enter silica network at four-coordination, play the role of reinforcing glass network structure, improve the vitrifying ability of glaze, inhibits crystal analysis
Out, however easy precipitate crystal with oxidation pasc reaction of excessively high aluminium oxide causes glaze paint unglazed, and being unfavorable for cracked ice pattern is preferably in
It is existing, therefore when montmorillonite accounts for glaze layer gross mass 10%, quartz accounts for glaze layer total weight 16%, best sial ratio can be reached,
To reach best cracked ice pattern effect；Cobalt oxide and chromium oxide are as ceramic colorant, by the ratio for changing blue and green
Example changes glaze paint tone, is 5 in chromium oxide and cobalt oxide weight ratio:Best tone can be presented when 3；Calgon conduct
Dispersing agent can allow glaze to mix in ball milling more abundant, and calgon can be formed with the calcium ion in calcium carbonate
Soluble complex compound enhances the surface strength of glaze paint, and montmorillonite and calgon all have very strong water imbibition, can be significant
The coefficient of expansion for improving glaze paint, when the coefficient of expansion of green body is much smaller than the coefficient of expansion of glaze paint, can generate biggish stress and
Crystal transformation volume expansion occurs when temperature reaches 570 DEG C for the netted vertical crack for forming firing initial stage, glaze layer can be made to generate straight
While crackle, secondary cracks are continuously formed, to show the form of cracked ice pattern.
（3）, the present invention use 750-900 DEG C of biscuiting temperature, influence of the biscuiting temperature to cracked ice pattern effect be it is very big,
The lower biscuit body that is unfavorable for of biscuiting temperature forms cavernous feature, is also unfavorable for the absorption of thicker glaze layer, but excessively high element
Burning temperature makes green body during twice firing, and in melting process, gas can not pass through the stomata of green body to glaze in glaze layer
Discharge, and be largely gathered in glaze layer and form big bubble, therefore biscuiting temperature green body at 750-900 DEG C has certain machinery
Intensity, and there is preferable glazing effect；Firing temperature of the present invention is 1250-1320 DEG C, firing time 15-22h, at this
The ceramic being burnt into out in temperature range, glaze colours is full, forms uniform bubble layer in glaze layer, and glaze bubble size with it is white
Light lambda1-wavelength is close, readily satisfies the condition of Rayleigh scattering, and the reflection to incident light is full wave refraction and reflection,
Quantity is more, glaze paint as turbidity it is also higher so that strong beautiful texture is presented in glaze paint；Glazed thickness of the present invention is 2.5-3mm,
Stress in sintering process can generate uneven distribution and irregular transmitting in glaze layer, so that glaze layer be made to generate cracked ice pattern
Effect.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic, including blank and glaze, the blank are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：It is high
55 parts of ridge soil, 23 parts of potassium feldspar, quartzy 12 parts, 16 parts of clay, 2 parts of talcum, 14 parts of fluxing material, 18 parts of wollastonite, shepardite 10
Part, 9 parts of albite, 8 parts of calcium silicates, 6 parts of barium sulfate, 4 parts of sepiolite, wherein fluxing material is by line borate and boron oxide according to weight
Than being 3:7 ratio mixes；The glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight：42 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of montmorillonite, quartz
23 parts, 36 parts of albite, 2 parts of coloring oxide, 1 part of calgon, 3 parts of talcum, 16 parts of calcium carbonate, wherein the coloring oxygen
Compound is 5 according to weight ratio by chromium oxide and cobalt oxide:3 ratio mixes.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of preparation process of high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic, includes the following steps：
S1 ingredient：It weighs to be put into ball mill after blank crushes respectively according to parts by weight and mix, blank total weight parts are added
70% water obtains blank slurry after ball milling 18h, spare by 200 meshes；It weighs after glaze crushes and puts respectively according to parts by weight
Enter in ball mill and mix, 65% water of glaze total weight parts is added, obtains glaze slurry after ball milling 15h, it is logical to sieve with 100 mesh sieve, it is standby
With；
S2 throwing：Blank slurry obtained by S1 step is fabricated to green body by moulding, 20 DEG C at a temperature of dry 5h after obtain element
Base；
S3 biscuiting：The biscuit that S2 step obtains is put into biscuiting 2h in kiln, biscuiting temperature is 750 DEG C, and kiln discharge after cooling obtains
To plain tire；
S4 glazing：The glaze slurry that S1 step obtains is subjected to glazing treatment to the plain tire that S3 step obtains, glazed thickness is
2.5mm；
S5 firing：Plain tire after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting, firing temperature is 1250 DEG C, and firing time 15h is obtained
High-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic, including blank and glaze, the blank are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：It is high
58 parts of ridge soil, 24 parts of potassium feldspar, quartzy 13 parts, 17 parts of clay, 2 parts of talcum, 15 parts of fluxing material, 20 parts of wollastonite, shepardite 14
Part, 10 parts of albite, 8 parts of calcium silicates, 8 parts of barium sulfate, 6 parts of sepiolite, wherein fluxing material is by line borate and boron oxide according to weight
Amount is than being 3:7 ratio mixes；The glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight：45 parts of potassium feldspar, 16 parts of montmorillonite, stone
26 parts of English, 39 parts of albite, 3 parts of coloring oxide, 2 parts of calgon, 5 parts of talcum, 20 parts of calcium carbonate, wherein the coloring
Oxide is 5 according to weight ratio by chromium oxide and cobalt oxide:3 ratio mixes.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of preparation process of high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic, includes the following steps：
S1 ingredient：It weighs to be put into ball mill after blank crushes respectively according to parts by weight and mix, blank total weight parts are added
75% water obtains blank slurry after ball milling 21h, spare by 200 meshes；It weighs after glaze crushes and puts respectively according to parts by weight
Enter in ball mill and mix, 68% water of glaze total weight parts is added, obtains glaze slurry after ball milling 18h, it is logical to sieve with 100 mesh sieve, it is standby
With；
S2 throwing：Blank slurry obtained by S1 step is fabricated to green body by moulding, 27 DEG C at a temperature of dry 6h after obtain element
Base；
S3 biscuiting：The biscuit that S2 step obtains is put into biscuiting 3h in kiln, biscuiting temperature is 800 DEG C, and kiln discharge after cooling obtains
To plain tire；
S4 glazing：The glaze slurry that S1 step obtains is subjected to glazing treatment to the plain tire that S3 step obtains, glazed thickness is
2.8mm；
S5 firing：Plain tire after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting, firing temperature is 1280 DEG C, and firing time 18h is obtained
High-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic, including blank and glaze, the blank are made of the raw material of following parts by weight：It is high
65 parts of ridge soil, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, quartzy 14 parts, 19 parts of clay, 4 parts of talcum, 18 parts of fluxing material, 22 parts of wollastonite, shepardite 15
Part, 12 parts of albite, 10 parts of calcium silicates, 11 parts of barium sulfate, 7 parts of sepiolite, wherein fluxing material by line borate and boron oxide according to
Weight ratio is 3:7 ratio mixes；The glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight：50 parts of potassium feldspar, 18 parts of montmorillonite,
Quartzy 28 parts, 42 parts of albite, 4 parts of coloring oxide, 2 parts of calgon, 6 parts of talcum, 22 parts of calcium carbonate, wherein described
Color oxide is 5 according to weight ratio by chromium oxide and cobalt oxide:3 ratio mixes.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of preparation process of high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic, includes the following steps：
S1 ingredient：It weighs to be put into ball mill after blank crushes respectively according to parts by weight and mix, blank total weight parts are added
80% water, ball milling obtain blank slurry afterwards for 24 hours, spare by 200 meshes；It weighs after glaze crushes and puts respectively according to parts by weight
Enter in ball mill and mix, 70% water of glaze total weight parts is added, obtains glaze slurry after ball milling 20h, it is logical to sieve with 100 mesh sieve, it is standby
With；
S2 throwing：Blank slurry obtained by S1 step is fabricated to green body by moulding, 35 DEG C at a temperature of dry 8h after obtain element
Base；
S3 biscuiting：The biscuit that S2 step obtains is put into biscuiting 3.5h in kiln, biscuiting temperature is 900 DEG C, kiln discharge after cooling,
Obtain plain tire；
S4 glazing：The glaze slurry that S1 step obtains is subjected to glazing treatment to the plain tire that S3 step obtains, glazed thickness is
3mm；
S5 firing：Plain tire after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting, firing temperature is 1320 DEG C, and firing time 22h is obtained
High-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic.
Comparative example 1
The composition of raw materials of comparative example 1 and embodiment 2 is identical as preparation method, the difference is that the illiteracy in 1 glaze of comparative example is de-
Soil has changed illite and sodium tripolyphosphate into calgon.
Comparative example 2
The composition of raw materials of comparative example 1 and embodiment 2 is identical as preparation method, the difference is that the biscuiting temperature of comparative example 2 is
1100-1220 DEG C, firing temperature is 1400-1550 DEG C.
Comparative example 3
The composition of raw materials of comparative example 1 and embodiment 2 is identical as preparation method, the difference is that glazed thickness is in comparative example 3
1.5-2mm。
By to ceramic made by embodiment 1- embodiment 3 and comparative example 1- comparative example 3 carry out respectively hardness,
The test of the ratio of bulk density, bending strength and green body and the glaze layer coefficient of expansion, test method are as follows：
Hardness test：Plunging is loaded using diamond penetrator, tests Vickers hardness, i.e., the diamond four for being 136 ° with diagonal plane
Pyramid body does pressure head, 9.807 ~ 490.3（1~50kgf）Load effect under, be pressed into ceramic surface, holding unload after a certain period of time
Except load, material surface just leaves an impression, the cornerwise length of measurement impression and the area of indentation, finds out and holds on unit area
The load received --- stress, i.e. vickers hardness hv, numerical value is higher, and hardness is bigger.
Bulk density test：Ceramic body apparent porosity, bulk density test method (QB/T 1642-2012).
Bending strength test：Generally divide three-point bending and four-point bending intensity, wherein four-point bending is pure bending, is obtained
As a result more accurate, we are tested using four-point bending.
Coefficient of expansion test：GB/T 16535-2008 fine ceramics coefficient of linear thermal expansion test method.
Test result is as follows shown in table 1：
The every detection numerical value of embodiment 2 is best as can be seen from Table 1, is optimum embodiment.
Finally it should be noted that：The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic, including blank and glaze, which is characterized in that the blank is by following parts by weight
Raw material composition：It is 55-65 parts of kaolin, 23-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-14 parts of quartz, 16-19 parts of clay, 2-4 parts of talcum, fluxing
Material 14-18 parts, 18-22 parts of wollastonite, 10-15 parts of shepardite, 9-12 parts of albite, 8-10 parts of calcium silicates, 6-11 parts of barium sulfate,
4-7 parts of sepiolite；The glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight：42-50 parts of potassium feldspar, 13-18 parts of montmorillonite, quartz 23-
28 parts, 36-42 parts of albite, 2-4 parts of coloring oxide, 1-2 parts of calgon, 3-6 parts of talcum, 16-22 parts of calcium carbonate.
2. a kind of high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic according to claim 1 and its preparation process, which is characterized in that described
Blank is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：58 parts of kaolin, 13 parts of quartz, 17 parts of clay, 2 parts of talcum, helps 24 parts of potassium feldspar
15 parts of melt, 20 parts of wollastonite, 14 parts of shepardite, 10 parts of albite, 8 parts of calcium silicates, 8 parts of barium sulfate, 6 parts of sepiolite；It is described
Glaze is composed of the following raw materials by weight：45 parts of potassium feldspar, 16 parts of montmorillonite, quartzy 26 parts, 39 parts of albite, coloring oxide
3 parts, 2 parts of calgon, 5 parts of talcum, 20 parts of calcium carbonate.
3. a kind of high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the fluxing material by
Line borate and boron oxide are 3 according to weight ratio:7 ratio mixes.
4. a kind of high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the coloring oxidation
Object is 5 according to weight ratio by chromium oxide and cobalt oxide:3 ratio mixes.
5. a kind of technique for preparing high intensity cracked ice pattern ceramic described in Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that including following
Step：
S1 ingredient：It weighs to be put into ball mill after blank crushes respectively according to parts by weight and mix, blank total weight parts are added
70-80% water obtains blank slurry after ball milling 18-24h, spare by 200 meshes；Glaze powder is weighed respectively according to parts by weight
It is put into ball mill and mixes after broken, the 65-70% water of glaze total weight parts is added, obtains glaze slurry after ball milling 15-20h, leads to
It sieves with 100 mesh sieve, it is spare；
S2 throwing：Blank slurry obtained by S1 step is fabricated to green body by moulding, 20-35 DEG C at a temperature of dry 5-8h after
Obtain biscuit；
S3 biscuiting：The biscuit that S2 step obtains is put into biscuiting 2-3.5h in kiln, biscuiting temperature is 750-900 DEG C, after cooling
Kiln discharge obtains plain tire；
S4 glazing：The glaze slurry that S1 step obtains is subjected to glazing treatment to the plain tire that S3 step obtains, glazed thickness is
2.5-3mm；
S5 firing：Plain tire after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting, firing temperature is 1250-1320 DEG C, firing time 15-
22h obtains high-intensitive cracked ice pattern ceramic.
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