CN114753385A - Expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure and construction method - Google Patents

Expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure and construction method Download PDF

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CN114753385A
CN114753385A CN202210293616.7A CN202210293616A CN114753385A CN 114753385 A CN114753385 A CN 114753385A CN 202210293616 A CN202210293616 A CN 202210293616A CN 114753385 A CN114753385 A CN 114753385A
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vegetation
slope
protection pad
vegetation protection
soil
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许英姿
杨昀和
杨春燕
苏超
朱乔生
黄震
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Guangxi University
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/033—Flat containers for turf, lawn or the like, e.g. for covering roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

A flexible ecological supporting structure of an expansive soil side slope and a construction method thereof comprise a vegetation protection pad, an anchor rod, a U-shaped nail, a cut/drainage ditch and a slope protection vegetation, wherein the vegetation protection pad is flatly paved on the surface of the expansive soil side slope and is mutually attached to a soil body, the edge part of the vegetation protection pad is embedded into the bottom of the cut/drainage ditch, and the anchor rod is arranged in a grid of the vegetation protection pad according to a rectangle; the U-shaped nail is used for fixing vegetation protection pads between the anchor rod and at the edge of the cut/drainage ditch; the vegetation protection pad is fixed at the bottom of the intercepting/draining ditch, the intercepting/draining ditch is manufactured at the upper part according to the designed depth and finally merged into a draining system, and the intercepting/draining ditch is arranged at the outer edge of the side slope protection; the slope protection vegetation is densely planted in the three-dimensional grid space of the vegetation protection pad. The invention can realize surface layer protection of the slowly expansive soil side slope, improve the integral stability of the side slope and has good long-term treatment effect.

Description

Expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure and construction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and relates to a expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure and a construction method, which are used for comprehensively ensuring the surface layer protection and integral stable flexible ecological support of a expansive soil gentle slope.
Background
The expansive soil is special cohesive soil rich in montmorillonite, is easy to expand in water and shrink by dehydration, and has remarkable expansion and shrinkage properties and crack properties. The expansion soil is repeatedly expanded or contracted, so that the soil body structure tends to be loose and the strength is attenuated on one hand, and cracks are induced to generate and develop on the other hand. The generation and development of the cracks weaken the integrity of the soil body, increase infiltration channels of the soil body, lead the soil body at the development depth of the cracks to absorb water and soften, lose the suction force of the matrix, and sharply reduce the strength, while the soil body below the extension depth of the cracks still keeps lower permeability, rainwater is difficult to infiltrate and often accumulates in the cracks, a saturated zone is formed in a shallow layer, and finally the whole slope is damaged. Some supporting measures are developed aiming at the damage of the shallow surface layer of the expansive soil side slope, and the main supporting measures at present comprise rigid supporting, flexible supporting and ecological slope protection technologies.
The ductility of the rigid supporting structure is poor, the supported body is not allowed to generate large deformation, and the expansive soil is repeatedly expanded and contracted to enable the rigid supporting structure to generate large deformation, so that the rigid supporting structure is easily damaged, and the side slope supporting effect is influenced. The flexible supporting structure has good ductility, allows the expansive soil to generate certain deformation, realizes 'expansion controlled by softness', and ensures the stability of the side slope. However, the existing flexible supporting technologies such as geogrids, geotextile bags and the like have the problems of complex construction procedures, high later maintenance cost, poor durability, unsatisfactory long-term supporting effect and the like. In addition, the two supporting methods still cause the water and soil loss of the surface layer of the expansive soil slope, and the slope protection and ecological treatment effects are not satisfactory.
The ecological slope protection technology is a slope protection technology mainly composed of plants or engineering and plants. The method is characterized in that the root anchoring action of plants and soil bodies is utilized to protect the surface layer of the side slope, so that the requirement on the stability of the surface layer of the side slope is met, and the damaged natural ecological environment can be restored. At present, the ecological slope protection technology of the expansive soil side slope also has some defects: the combination of the geotextile and the vegetation is not firm, the soil body is easy to erode or wash away, the later maintenance cost is higher, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a flexible ecological supporting structure (ARVS system for short) of an expansive soil side slope and a construction method, which can effectively reduce water and soil loss, protect slope surface erosion, protect ecological environment, realize surface layer protection of the expansive soil side slope and ensure the integral stability of the side slope.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a flexible ecological supporting structure of an expansive soil side slope comprises vegetation protection pads, anchor rods, U-shaped nails, a cut/drainage ditch and slope protection vegetation, wherein the vegetation protection pads are flatly paved on the surface of the expansive soil side slope and are mutually attached to a soil body, the edge parts of the vegetation protection pads are embedded into the bottom of the cut/drainage ditch, and the anchor rods are arranged in grids of the vegetation protection pads in a rectangular shape; the U-shaped nail is used for fixing vegetation protection pads between the anchor rod and at the edge of the cut/drainage ditch; the vegetation protection pad is fixed at the bottom of the intercepting/draining ditch, the intercepting/draining ditch is manufactured at the upper part according to the designed depth and finally merged into a draining system, and the intercepting/draining ditch is arranged at the outer edge of the side slope protection; the slope protection vegetation is densely planted in the three-dimensional grid space of the vegetation protection pad.
The vegetation protection pad is provided with a regular wavy rough surface and at least has more than 30% of mesh space, the longitudinal and transverse elongation of the elastic stage of the vegetation protection pad is less than 1%, the difference of the longitudinal and transverse breaking elongation is not more than 10%, the joint of the vegetation protection pad and the protection pad is at least overlapped by 150mm, the overlapped part is fixed by the U-shaped nails, the longitudinal and transverse design tensile strength of the vegetation protection pad needs to be calculated by a fitting formula, the vegetation protection pad comprises a nylon wire of long fibers wound with a high-toughness polyester geogrid or a dense net which is woven by tough polyester wires and has periodic concave-convex fluctuation, but not limited to the two, and all the parts meeting the use requirements of the vegetation protection pad are included.
The anchor rod comprises a rod body, an anchor backing plate and a standard nut, wherein the exposed end of the rod body is provided with a standard thread, the anchor backing plate is a steel plate with the thickness larger than 10mm, the rod body is fixed by combining the standard nut and is fixed on the slope surface of the side slope, the outer layers of the anchor backing plate and the standard nut are coated with an anti-rust layer, the rod body adopts a threaded steel bar, and the anchor rod of the expansive soil side slope flexible ecological supporting structure needs to consider the tensile force transmitted by the vegetation protection pad during the design.
The excavation depth of the intercepting/draining ditch exceeds the design depth of a conventional intercepting/draining ditch by more than 20 cm.
The distance between the anchor rods is 1-2 m, the inclination angle of the anchor rods is 15-25 degrees, and the depth of the anchor rods exceeds the sliding surface of a local expansive soil slope or the depth of the abrupt influence of the expansive soil slope atmosphere by more than 1 m.
The staple has an anchoring length of at least 30 cm.
The construction method of the expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure comprises the following steps:
(1) leveling the slope surface, paving tillage planting soil, removing rocks, soil blocks, weeds and other objects on the expansive soil side slope surface to level the side slope surface, and paving a layer of 5cm of tillage planting soil on the slope surface after leveling the slope surface;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of measuring and paying off, drilling, cleaning holes, inserting an anchor rod body and pouring cement mortar, arranging anchor rods according to a matrix type, wherein the distance between anchor rods is 1-2 m, the inclination angle of each anchor hole is 15-25 degrees, the depth of each anchor rod is more than 1m greater than the depth of the sudden influence of the sliding surface of a local expansive soil slope or the atmosphere of the expansive soil slope, and the tensile force transmitted by the vegetation protection pad needs to be considered during the design of the anchor rods, and the determination method comprises the following steps:
the vegetation protection pad is expanded by the expansive soil to form an arc line, and the included angle between the vegetation protection pad and the original slope surface is theta, so that the tension F transmitted to the anchor rod by the vegetation protection padaComprises the following steps:
Fa＝Fh/2·sinθ
Fhthe angle theta is the included angle between the arc shape of the vegetation protection pad and the original slope;
(3) excavating the water intercepting/draining ditch, laying vegetation protection pads, excavating the water intercepting ditch and the draining ditch at the outer edge of the slope protection, reserving at least 20cm of depth at the bottom layer of the water intercepting ditch and the draining ditch for fixing the vegetation protection pads, backfilling a soil body until the designed depth is compacted, manufacturing the water intercepting/draining ditch at the upper part according to the designed depth, finally merging the water intercepting/draining ditch into a draining system, paving the vegetation protection pads by clinging to the soil body of the slope after the work is finished, at least overlapping 150mm between the adjacent protection pads and the protection pads, fixing the adjacent protection pads by U-shaped nails, and following the determination method of the longitudinal and transverse design tensile strength of the vegetation protection pads,
the vegetation protection pad is tiled and clings to the domatic, allows the expansive soil to take place certain deformation, and the deflection of expansive soil is also the deflection of vegetation protection pad, and after the expansive force of the vegetation protection pad bearing the soil body, the transmission gives the stock at both ends, and the expansive force is regarded as the distribution load of each position variation in size, therefore the atress of vegetation protection pad can be regarded as the simple beam that receives the distribution load. The vegetation protection pad has high flexibility, is in an arc shape after being loaded, has small deflection close to the fixed end and large deflection at the middle part. When the expansive soil absorbs water and expands, the expression of the deflection of the vegetation protection mat after the vegetation protection mat is expanded by the expansive force of the soil body is assumed to be y (x), the expression can be obtained through experiments,
at the moment, the length l of the vegetation protection pad after being extended is obtained by applying an integral formula for obtaining the length of an arc linesAnd the elongation delta l is:
Figure BDA0003561159340000041
Δl＝ls-l
then vegetationThe protective pad is under tension FhComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003561159340000042
y (x) is a flexible expression of the expanded vegetation protection pad, x is a projection distance (m) from any point on the arc of the vegetation protection pad to the center of the anchor rod, a and b are extension ranges of the vegetation protection pad, l is an initial length of the vegetation protection pad, and A is a cross-sectional area (m) of the vegetation protection pad2) E is the elastic modulus (Pa) of the vegetation protection pad;
the longitudinal and transverse design tensile strength of the vegetation protection mat is more than or equal to Fh；
(4) Fixing a rod body and a vegetation protection pad, filling gaps of the vegetation protection pad, installing an anchor backing plate, enabling the anchor backing plate to be tightly attached to the vegetation protection pad, fixing the anchor backing plate by using a standard nut, and after paving is finished, uniformly paving surface layer ploughing and planting soil of the vegetation protection pad and filling the gaps;
(5) planting the slope protection vegetation, choose for use root system growing ability strong, the resistance is good and can be at the slope of inflation soil slope manual work's in batches slope protection vegetation, after step (4) construction is accomplished, the moist soil of ploughing of watering on the inflation soil slope, carry out the slope protection vegetation seed and evenly spout the planting construction, spout and plant the construction and carry out the maintenance, spout and plant and add transparent plastic film at the substrate surface after accomplishing one day, the maintenance that keeps warm of moisturizing, treat that the grass is long to 3cm height, remove the film, still need carry out certain period's watering at last, fertilize.
The invention has the outstanding advantages that:
1. the vegetation protection pad bears the dual functions of soil fixation, erosion prevention and stress, the roughness of the slope is increased due to the concave-convex fluctuating surface of the vegetation protection pad, the impact of rainwater can be weakened by combining the stem leaves of the slope protection vegetation, the runoff is reduced, the erosion of the rainwater to the surface soil body is effectively resisted, the expansive soil is allowed to generate certain deformation at the same time, and the tensile force generated by the expansive soil deformation to the vegetation protection pad is borne.
2. The vegetation protection pad is combined with the revetment vegetation root system, and a composite reinforced layer is formed on the surface layer of the expansive soil slow slope, so that the shear strength of the soil body is enhanced, the stronger soil fixing and reinforced protection effects are exerted, the water and soil loss is reduced, and the ecological environment-friendly effect is remarkable. The vegetation protection pad, the revetment vegetation root system and the surface expansive soil are tightly wound, so that the surface soil body can be effectively prevented from slipping, slipping and collapsing, the expansive soil is allowed to deform to a certain extent, the expansive force is released, the damage of the expansive soil expansion deformation is weakened, in addition, the development of the expansive soil slope crack can be limited, and the atmospheric influence depth is prevented from developing to the deep position of the soil body.
3. The anchor rod, the vegetation protection pad, the slope protection vegetation and the side slope soil body are connected into a whole, the overall stability of the side slope is enhanced, the overall protection of the expansive soil side slope is realized, wherein the anchor rod bears the force applied by the expansive soil and can also receive the pulling force transmitted by the vegetation protection pad, and the anchor rod is considered during design. In addition, the upper part of the cut/drainage ditch is provided with a conventional cut/drainage ditch which is used for intercepting and removing rainwater on the top and the slope surface of the slope, preventing the rainwater from scouring the slope surface and permeating into the slope body and weakening the damage of swelling soil which swells and deforms when encountering water; the bottom is used for anchoring the vegetation protection pad and preventing the vegetation protection pad from sliding.
4. The vegetation protection pad is made of a high-toughness polyester material which is difficult to degrade, is corrosion-resistant and good in durability, can realize long-term protection, has firm long-term anchoring performance of an anchor rod system, has excellent regeneration capacity for slope protection vegetation, can realize long-term design life, and can meet the long-term protection requirement of expansive soil slope engineering.
5. The whole structure is simple, the installation is convenient and fast, and the later maintenance is simple; each part of the structure has light weight, can be produced in large batch, has low production cost, and has great economic benefit and wide application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic layout view of the expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an anchor rod structure of the expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cut/drainage ditch structure of the expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure.
Labeled as: the vegetation protection pad comprises a vegetation protection pad 1, U-shaped nails 2, anchor rods 3, a rod body 4, an anchor backing plate 5, standard nuts 6, cement mortar 7, a catch basin 8, a drainage ditch 9, slope protection vegetation 10, backfill soil 11, a slope surface 12 and expansive soil 13.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure of the present invention comprises a vegetation protection pad 1, staples 2, anchor rods 3, a catch basin 8, a drainage ditch 9 and slope protection vegetation 10. The concrete structure is as follows:
the vegetation protection pad 1 has a rough surface with concave-convex fluctuation and sufficient mesh space, and is tiled on a slope surface 13 to ensure the growth and development of slope protection vegetation 10; the joint of the vegetation protection pad 1 and the protection pad 1 is at least overlapped by 150mm, and the overlapped part is fixed by the U-shaped nail 2; the vegetation protection pad 1 has high tensile strength and certain ductility, allows the slope expansive soil to generate certain deformation and release expansive force, and can limit the growth of slope cracks. The anchor rod 3 comprises a rod body 4, an anchor backing plate 5 and a standard nut 6. The exposed end of the rod body 4 is provided with standard threads, and the part embedded into the side slope is completely filled with cement mortar, so that the anchor rod and the surrounding expansive soil body are connected into a whole; the anchor backing plate 5 is tightly attached to the vegetation protection pad 1, the rod body 4 is fixed by combining a standard nut 6, and the vegetation protection pad 1 is fixed on a slope surface, so that the anchor rod 3 and the vegetation protection pad 1 are combined into a firm protection structure. Slope protection vegetation 10 is planted in the mesh of vegetation protection pad 1, treats that the vegetation root system reaches certain length after, can form with the intertwine of vegetation protection pad 1 and adds the muscle layer. The excavation depth of intercepting ditch 8 and escape canal 9 surpasses conventional interception/escape canal design degree of depth more than 20cm, and its bottom is used for fixing vegetation protection pad 1 to backfill soil body 11 is compacted to the design degree of depth, and upper portion is according to the conventional interception/escape canal of design degree of depth preparation.
Example 2
The construction method of the expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure comprises the following steps:
(1) leveling the slope surface, and paving and ploughing the planting soil. And (4) removing rocks, soil blocks, weeds and other objects on the expansive soil slope surface 12 to level the slope surface 12. After the slope surface is leveled, a layer of ploughing and planting soil with the thickness of about 5cm is paved on the slope surface.
(2) Measuring and setting out, drilling, cleaning holes, inserting the anchor rod body 4 and pouring cement mortar 7. The anchor rods 3 are arranged according to a matrix type, the distance between the anchor rods 3 is 1-2 m, the inclination angle of anchor holes is 15-25 degrees, the depth of each anchor rod 3 is more than 1m larger than the depth of the sudden influence of the local expansive soil slope sliding surface or the expansive soil slope atmosphere, the tension transmitted by the vegetation protection pad 1 needs to be considered when the anchor rods 3 are designed, and the determination method comprises the following steps:
the vegetation protection pad 1 expands and extends to form an arc line by the expansion of the expansive soil, and the included angle between the vegetation protection pad 1 and the original slope surface 12 is theta, so that the tension F transmitted to the anchor rod 3 by the vegetation protection pad 1aComprises the following steps:
Fa＝Fh/2·sinθ
Fhthe angle theta is the included angle between the arc shape of the vegetation protection pad and the original slope;
(3) and excavating the water intercepting/draining ditch, and paving a vegetation protection pad. Excavation at side slope protection outer fringe intercepting ditch 8 and escape canal 9, the degree of depth that at least 20cm was reserved to the bottom of intercepting ditch 8 and escape canal 9 is used for fixing vegetation protection pad 1 to backfill soil body 11 to the compaction of design degree of depth, upper portion is according to the design degree of depth preparation cut/escape canal, finally incorporates drainage system. After the work is finished, vegetation protection mats 1 are laid by clinging to the soil body of the side slope, at least 150mm of overlap is formed between the adjacent protection mats, the adjacent protection mats are fixed 1 by U-shaped nails 2, the method for determining the longitudinal and transverse design tensile strength of the vegetation protection mats is as follows,
the vegetation protection pad is tiled and clings to the slope surface, the expansive soil is allowed to deform to a certain extent, the deformation of the expansive soil is the deformation of the vegetation protection pad, the vegetation protection pad bears the expansive force of the soil body and then transmits the expansive force to the anchor rods at the two ends, the expansive force is regarded as the distributed load with different sizes at each position, and therefore the stress of the vegetation protection pad is regarded as the simply supported beam which is subjected to the distributed load. The vegetation protection pad is high in flexibility, is arc-shaped after being subjected to distributed load, and is small in deflection close to the fixed end of the anchor rod and large in deflection in the middle. When the expansive soil absorbs water and expands, the deflection expression of the vegetation protection mat after being expanded by the expansive force of the soil body is assumed to be y (x), the expression can be obtained through experiments,
calculating the length l of the vegetation protection pad after extension by using an integral formula for calculating the length of an arc linesAnd the elongation delta l is:
Figure BDA0003561159340000081
Δl＝ls-l
the vegetation protection pad is subjected to a tensile force FhComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003561159340000082
y (x) is the flexibility expression of the expanded vegetation protection pad, x is the projection distance (m) from any point on the arc of the vegetation protection pad to the center of the anchor rod, a and b are the extension range of the vegetation protection pad, l is the initial length of the vegetation protection pad, and A is the cross-sectional area (m) of the vegetation protection pad2) E is the elastic modulus (Pa) of the vegetation protection pad;
the longitudinal and transverse design tensile strength of the vegetation protection mat is more than or equal to Fh；
Assuming that the extension distance of the vegetation protection mat is 2m, the elastic modulus E of the vegetation protection mat is 2GPa, and the thickness of the vegetation protection mat is 4mm, 0.1m is taken for calculation, and the sectional area a of the vegetation protection mat is 0.0004m2Assuming that when some weak expansion potential expansive soil absorbs water and expands, the deflection expression of the vegetation protection mat is y (x):
y(x)＝-0.125x2+0.250x+7.857×10-4
at this time, the length l of the vegetation protection mat after extensionsAnd the elongation delta l is:
Figure BDA0003561159340000091
Δl＝ls-l＝0.0206m
the vegetation protection pad is subjected to a tensile force FhComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003561159340000092
taking x as 1m, calculating to obtain the included angle theta between the arc line of the vegetation protection pad and the original slope surface as 7.17 degrees, and transmitting the pulling force F transmitted to the anchor rod by the vegetation protection padaComprises the following steps:
Fa＝Fh/2·sinθ＝514.23N
(4) the fixing rod body and the vegetation protection pad fill the gap of the vegetation protection pad. Installing an anchor backing plate 5, enabling the anchor backing plate 5 to be tightly attached to the vegetation protection pad 1 and fixing the anchor backing plate 5 by using a standard nut 6; after the vegetation protection mat 1 is paved, the surface layer of the vegetation protection mat is ploughed and planted with soil and is paved evenly, and gaps are filled.
(5) And planting slope protection vegetation. The slope protection vegetation 10 which has strong local root growth capability and good stress resistance and can be artificially planted on the expansive soil side slope in batches is selected. After the construction in the fourth step is finished, sprinkling water on the expansive soil side slope to wet the planting soil, and carrying out uniform spraying construction on the vegetation seeds of the slope protection; and maintaining after the spray planting construction is finished, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the substrate after the spray planting construction is finished for one day, preserving moisture and preserving heat, maintaining, improving the germination rate of plant seeds, avoiding the expansive soil crack development caused by rainwater infiltration, and avoiding the damage to the root system of the vegetation after the root system is not developed. When the grass grows to 3cm high, the film is removed, and finally, watering, fertilizing and the like are carried out for a certain period.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a flexible ecological supporting construction of inflation soil side slope, its characterized in that, includes vegetation protection pad, stock, U-shaped nail, cuts/escape canal and bank protection vegetation, the vegetation protection pad is tiled at inflation soil side slope surface and is laminated mutually with the soil body, and its edge part buries cut/escape canal bottom, the stock is arranged according to the rectangle in the net of vegetation protection pad, the U-shaped nail be used for between fixed stock and the stock and cut/escape canal edge's vegetation protection pad, it is fixed to cut/escape canal bottom the vegetation protection pad, upper portion cut/escape canal according to the design depth preparation, cut/escape canal and drainage system connection, it sets up in the protection outer fringe to cut/escape canal, the bank protection vegetation is intensive to be planted in the three-dimensional grid space of vegetation protection pad.
2. The expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vegetation protection mats have a wavy rough surface.
3. The expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vegetation protection mat is a dense net with periodic concave-convex fluctuation formed by winding nylon filaments of long fibers around a high-toughness polyester geogrid or weaving tough polyester filaments.
4. The expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vegetation protection mats have at least more than 30% of mesh space.
5. The expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal and transverse elongations of the vegetation protection mat are less than 1%, and the difference between the longitudinal and transverse elongations at break is not more than 10%.
6. The expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the joint of the vegetation protection pad and the protection pad is overlapped by at least 150mm, and the overlapped part is fixed by the U-shaped nail.
7. The expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure of claim 1, wherein the anchor rod comprises a rod body, an anchor backing plate and a standard nut, the exposed end of the rod body is provided with a standard thread, the anchor backing plate is a steel plate with the thickness larger than 10mm, the rod body is fixed by combining the standard nut, the vegetation protection pad is fixed on the slope surface of the slope, the outer layers of the anchor backing plate and the standard nut are both coated with an anti-rust layer, and the rod body is made of twisted steel.
8. The expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pitch of the anchor rods is 1-2 m, the inclination angle of the anchor rods is 15-25 °, and the depth of the anchor rods exceeds the sliding surface of the expansive soil slope or is more than 1m greater than the depth of the expansive soil slope.
9. The expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the U-shaped nails have an anchoring length of at least 30 cm.
10. The construction method of the expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) leveling the slope surface, paving tillage planting soil, removing rocks, soil blocks, weeds and other objects on the expansive soil side slope surface to level the side slope surface, and paving a layer of 5cm of tillage planting soil on the slope surface after leveling the slope surface;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of measuring and paying off, drilling, cleaning holes, inserting an anchor rod body and pouring cement mortar, arranging anchor rods according to a matrix type, wherein the distance between anchor rods is 1-2 m, the inclination angle of each anchor hole is 15-25 degrees, the depth of each anchor rod is more than 1m greater than the depth of the sudden influence of the sliding surface of a local expansive soil slope or the atmosphere of the expansive soil slope, and the tensile force transmitted by the vegetation protection pad needs to be considered during the design of the anchor rods, and the determination method comprises the following steps:
the vegetation protection pad is expanded by the expansive soil to form an arc line, and the included angle between the vegetation protection pad and the original slope surface is theta, so that the tension F transmitted to the anchor rod by the vegetation protection padaComprises the following steps:
Fa＝Fh/2·sinθ
Fhto plantThe protected cushion is under tension, theta is the included angle between the arc of the vegetation protection cushion and the original slope;
(3) excavating the water intercepting/draining ditch, laying vegetation protection pads, excavating the water intercepting ditch and the draining ditch at the outer edge of the slope protection, reserving at least 20cm of depth at the bottom layer of the water intercepting ditch and the draining ditch for fixing the vegetation protection pads, backfilling a soil body until the designed depth is compacted, manufacturing the water intercepting/draining ditch at the upper part according to the designed depth, finally merging the water intercepting/draining ditch into a draining system, paving the vegetation protection pads by clinging to the soil body of the slope after the work is finished, at least overlapping 150mm between the adjacent protection pads and the protection pads, fixing the adjacent protection pads by U-shaped nails, and following the determination method of the longitudinal and transverse design tensile strength of the vegetation protection pads,
the vegetation protection pad is tiled and tightly attached to the slope surface, the expansive soil is allowed to deform to a certain extent, the deformation of the expansive soil is the deformation of the vegetation protection pad, the vegetation protection pad bears the expansive force of the soil body and then transmits the expansive force to the anchor rods at the two ends, the expansive force is regarded as distributed loads with different sizes at all positions, so the stress of the vegetation protection pad can be regarded as a simply supported beam under the distributed loads, the vegetation protection pad has high flexibility, is arc-shaped after being subjected to the distributed loads, has small flexibility close to the fixed end and large flexibility at the middle part, when the expansive soil absorbs water and expands, the flexibility expression of the vegetation protection pad after being expanded by the expansive force of the soil body is assumed to be y (x), and the expression can be obtained through experiments,
at this time, the length l of the vegetation protection pad after being stretched is obtained by applying an integral formula for obtaining the length of the arc linesAnd the elongation delta l is:
Figure FDA0003561159330000031
Δl＝ls-l
the vegetation protection pad is subjected to a tensile force FhComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003561159330000032
y (x) is the deflection expression of the vegetation protection mat after expansionWherein x is the projection distance (m) from any point on the arc of the vegetation protection pad to the center of the anchor rod, a and b are the extension ranges of the vegetation protection pad, l is the initial length of the vegetation protection pad, and A is the cross-sectional area (m) of the vegetation protection pad2) E is the elastic modulus (Pa) of the vegetation protection pad;
the longitudinal and transverse design tensile strength of the vegetation protection mat is more than or equal to Fh；
(4) Fixing a rod body and a vegetation protection pad, filling gaps of the vegetation protection pad, installing an anchor backing plate, enabling the anchor backing plate to be tightly attached to the vegetation protection pad, fixing the anchor backing plate by using a standard nut, and after paving is finished, uniformly paving surface layer ploughing and planting soil of the vegetation protection pad and filling the gaps;
(5) planting the slope protection vegetation, choose for use root system growing ability strong, the resistance is good and can be at the slope of inflation soil slope manual work's in batches slope protection vegetation, after step (4) construction is accomplished, the moist soil of ploughing of watering on the inflation soil slope, carry out the slope protection vegetation seed and evenly spout the planting construction, spout and plant the construction and carry out the maintenance, spout and plant and add transparent plastic film at the substrate surface after accomplishing one day, the maintenance that keeps warm of moisturizing, treat that the grass is long to 3cm height, remove the film, still need carry out certain period's watering at last, fertilize.
CN202210293616.7A 2022-03-23 2022-03-23 Expansive soil slope flexible ecological supporting structure and construction method Pending CN114753385A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115368063A (en) * 2022-08-30 2022-11-22 广西大学 Bagasse fiber composite low-alkali cement modified expansive soil and construction method of bagasse fiber composite low-alkali cement modified expansive soil applied to side slope
CN115419084A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-12-02 南昌工程学院 Green side slope supporting structure convenient for drainage and supporting method
CN117629312A (en) * 2024-01-26 2024-03-01 四川川核地质工程有限公司 Monitoring device and monitoring method for slope collapse

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115368063A (en) * 2022-08-30 2022-11-22 广西大学 Bagasse fiber composite low-alkali cement modified expansive soil and construction method of bagasse fiber composite low-alkali cement modified expansive soil applied to side slope
CN115368063B (en) * 2022-08-30 2023-08-11 广西大学 Bagasse fiber composite low-alkali cement modified expansive soil and construction method for applying same to side slope
CN115419084A (en) * 2022-09-19 2022-12-02 南昌工程学院 Green side slope supporting structure convenient for drainage and supporting method
CN115419084B (en) * 2022-09-19 2023-08-25 南昌工程学院 Environment-friendly slope supporting structure convenient for drainage and supporting method
CN117629312A (en) * 2024-01-26 2024-03-01 四川川核地质工程有限公司 Monitoring device and monitoring method for slope collapse
CN117629312B (en) * 2024-01-26 2024-04-02 四川川核地质工程有限公司 Monitoring device and monitoring method for slope collapse

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