CN114752116A - 基于多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
基于多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于Well‑Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜及其制备方法和应用。该功能性隔膜以κ‑卡拉胶粉末作为成膜基质材料,而后加入Well‑Dawson型多金属氧酸盐作为抑菌抑病毒剂,采用流延法合成开发出稳定性高、可拉伸、可生物降解的复合型材料,并应用于电梯防护隔膜。该抗菌抗病毒隔膜中多金属氧酸盐具有广谱高效的抗菌抗病毒活性,且通过复合后的薄膜抗菌效果均匀,长效,对环境友好,有效防止交叉感染,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能薄膜技术领域,具体涉及一种基于Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
当前,全球新冠肺炎疫情局势不容乐观,高传染性与各种变异毒株的出现,仍然昭示着这一全球性公共卫生危机的严峻性,多项报告指出,空间狭小的公共场所新冠病毒的传播速度更快,风险更高。其中电梯作为当代生活不可或缺的一项运输设备,是人们日常出行的密集交汇点。由于往来人员的复杂性及电梯的密闭性,电梯的按钮已成为人与人之间交叉感染的重灾区。天津、成都等多地出现了没有直接物理接触与时空交际,病例所感染的病毒高度同源的情况。经过流调检测出他们生活环境内的电梯里存在新冠病毒,证实了封闭空间气溶胶传播病毒的高风险。
目前,电梯基本消毒措施是通过人工保洁对按钮进行擦拭喷洒消毒,对人力资源的损耗极大且极易损坏电梯;此外,也有通过覆盖普通保鲜膜对按钮进行包裹并定时更换以减少交叉污染的风险,但由于普通保鲜膜不具备杀菌抗病毒效能,此种方法对阻断各类病毒细菌的交叉传播意义不大;同时,也有电梯企业推出云呼梯功能(手机软件呼梯、二维码呼梯、人脸识别呼梯、IC卡/手机NFC呼梯以及手机本地蓝牙呼梯等方式),用户全程无需接触电梯按钮,减少乘梯感染风险,但是由于该技术改造成本过高,只能在少数高端小区进行推广,受众面较低。
因此,当前电梯防护消毒措施的繁杂性与低效性需要得到及时解决并以此降低交叉感染风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供基于Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜,具有广谱高效的抗菌抗病毒活性,且通过复合后的薄膜抗菌效果均匀、长效、对环境友好,有效防止交叉感染,具有广阔的市场应用前景。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
利用κ-卡拉胶粉末与甘油制备成膜基质,并且以Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐为抗菌抗病毒化合物,制备一种基于Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的具有抗菌抗病毒功能的电梯按钮隔膜。
包括以下步骤:
(1)Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐的制备
A.称取钼酸钠20 mg于圆底烧瓶,依次加入50 mL蒸馏水、3 mL浓磷酸、16.5 mL浓盐酸混匀;
B.将混合液置于多功能万用电炉冷凝回流;
C.将B中的样液加热8 h,冷却到室温后加入20 g氯化钾;
D.在5℃条件下重结晶过夜后,用50 mL蒸馏水重新溶解结晶固体;
E.向D中的溶解液加入10 g氯化钾,进行二次重结晶,重复三次结晶后,室温干燥得到淡黄色的Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末固体。
(2)Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶隔膜的制备
A.将κ-卡拉胶粉末(1%,W/V) 和甘油 (0.05%,V/V) 溶解于无菌水中;
B.在80℃条件下磁力搅拌30 min,得到透明、均匀的成膜溶液;
C.称取(1)制备的Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末溶解于少量的无菌水中,在60℃条件下与B中成膜液磁力搅拌20 min,获得不同浓度(0、1、2、4、8 mg/mL)的Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶膜溶液;
D.量取10 mLC中获得的成膜液倾倒在直径为90 mm的无菌培养皿中,超声1 min除去气泡;
E.将D中装有成膜液的培养皿在45℃空气循环烘箱中干燥24 h,并在25℃和50%相对湿度下储存,得到具有抗菌抗病毒作用的多金属氧酸盐/卡拉胶复合型电梯隔膜。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明制得的电梯防护隔膜能够有效抑制细菌生长繁殖,抗菌效果长效、均匀,具有良好的生物降解性,同时能够防止病毒的交叉感染,应用前景广阔。
附图说明
图1是实施例1制得的隔膜材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果图;
图2是实施例1制得的隔膜材料对不同材料上金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果图;
图3是实施例1制得的隔膜材料对甲型流感病毒的抑制效果图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所述的内容更加便于理解,下面结合具体实施方式对本发明所述的技术方案做进一步的说明,但是本发明不仅限于此。
实施例1
一种基于Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的具有抗菌抗病毒功能的电梯按钮隔膜。具体包括以下步骤:
(1)Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐的制备
A.称取钼酸钠20 mg于圆底烧瓶,依次加入50 mL蒸馏水、3 mL浓磷酸、16.5 mL浓盐酸混匀;
B.将混合液置于多功能万用电炉冷凝回流;
C.将B中的样液加热8 h,冷却到室温后加入20 g氯化钾;
D.在5℃条件下重结晶过夜后,用50 mL蒸馏水重新溶解结晶固体;
E.向D中的溶解液加入10 g氯化钾,进行二次重结晶,重复三次结晶后,室温干燥得到淡黄色的Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末固体。
(2)Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶(Carr/POM)隔膜的制备
A.将κ-卡拉胶粉末(1%,W/V) 和甘油 (0.05%,V/V) 溶解于无菌水中;
B.在80℃条件下磁力搅拌30 min,得到透明、均匀的成膜溶液;
C.称取(1)制备的Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末溶解于少量的无菌水中,在60℃条件下与B中成膜液磁力搅拌20 min,获得不同浓度(0、1、2、4、8 mg/mL)的Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶膜溶液;
D.量取10 mLC中获得的成膜液倾倒在直径为90 mm的无菌培养皿中,超声1 min除去气泡;
E.将D中装有成膜液的培养皿在45℃空气循环烘箱中干燥24 h,并在25℃和50%相对湿度下储存,得到具有抗菌抗病毒作用的多金属氧酸盐/卡拉胶复合型电梯隔膜。
F.使用金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠杆菌对E中制得的隔膜进行Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散实验与载体表面消毒实验。
G.使用MDCK细胞对E中制得的隔膜进行病毒抑制率测试实验。
图1是实施例1制得的隔膜材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果图。如图所示,纯卡拉胶隔膜和Carr/POM(@1和2 mg/mL)隔膜对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌几乎没有杀菌效果。而当Dawson-POM的浓度增加到4 mg/mL时,隔膜能够的抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的生长,出现明显的抑菌区域。当Dawson-POM浓度增加到8 mg/mL时,抑制区直径进一步扩大。
图2是实施例1制得的隔膜材料对不同材料上金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果图。对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的消毒效果图显示Carr/POM隔膜对不锈钢、玻璃和塑料上的金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌都有具有明显的杀菌效果。与纯卡拉胶隔膜相比,Carr/POM(@8mg/mL)膜在不锈钢、玻璃和塑料上对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率可达99%。
图3是实施案例1制得的隔膜材料对甲型流感病毒H1N1的抑制效果图。如图所示,Carr/POM薄膜对流感病毒有明显的抑制效果,抑制率可以达到96%,显示出Carr/POM隔膜抗病毒的高效性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种基于Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,先将钼酸钠、蒸馏水、浓磷酸、浓硫酸、浓盐酸、氯化钾通过水热合成法制备Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末;再将卡拉胶粉末、甘油与Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末搅拌混合,利用流延法制备Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末的制备:称取钼酸钠,依次加入蒸馏水、浓磷酸、浓盐酸混匀;然后冷凝回流,加热8h,冷却到室温后加入氯化钾,得到多金属氧酸盐溶液;在5℃下重结晶过夜后,添加蒸馏水重新溶解结晶固体;继续添加氯化钾后,继续对多金属氧酸盐溶液进行二次重结晶;进行第三次重结晶后,在室温下干燥得到淡黄色的Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末固体;
(2)Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶隔膜的制备:将κ-卡拉胶粉末和甘油溶解无菌水中,80℃条件下磁力搅拌30 min,得到透明、均匀的成膜溶液;将 Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐粉末溶解于少量无菌水中,在60℃条件下与成膜液混合磁力搅拌20min,获取的Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶膜溶液;量取膜溶液于无菌培养基中,超声1min出去气泡;在45℃的空气循环烘箱中干燥24h,得到基于Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜;隔膜储存在25%和50%相对湿度下,备用。
3.一种如权利要求1-2任一项所述的方法制得的基于Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜。
4.一种如权利要求1-2任一项所述的基于Well-Dawson型多金属氧酸盐复合卡拉胶的抗菌抗病毒型电梯按钮隔膜的应用,其特征在于:将隔膜包覆在电梯按钮上,将附着在薄膜上的细菌及病毒杀死或抑制其繁殖,保持电梯按钮表面持久的清洁。
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