CN114747538A - Method for breeding new variety of 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep - Google Patents
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- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000012173 estrus Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000283903 Ovis aries Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011492 sheep wool Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000085 cashmere Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000306688 Meridion Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035553 feeding performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012214 genetic breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding a new variety of 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep, which comprises the following steps of carrying out binary hybridization on a Weining sheep serving as a female parent and a Chinese merino male sheep to produce a 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid sheep; the 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid ewe is hybridized with the exam force generation ram to produce a 'kazhongwei' ternary first-generation hybrid ewe; mating the first-generation hybrid male sheep and the female sheep, and crossing and fixing to produce the zero-generation hybrid sheep, namely the new variety of the 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep. The new product has dual purposes of fur and meat, the fur is white, and male and female sheep have no horn; the shearing quantity of adult sheep is 4-6 kg, the length of a hair cluster is 9-17 cm, the main body fineness of the wool is 48-58, the net wool rate is 60-70%, and the oil sweat is moderate; the weight of each adult male sheep and female sheep is 70-75 kg and 50-55 kg respectively, and the weight of each yearly-aged sheep is 45-50 kg and 35-40 kg respectively; the slaughter rate of adult sheep is 50% -55%, and the slaughter rate of the aged sheep is 46% -49%. The lambing rate is 105-118%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal genetic breeding, in particular to a method for breeding a new variety of 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep; the method for breeding the new variety by utilizing the excellent characteristics of crude feed resistance, strong disease resistance, good stress resistance and the like of the local variety Weining sheep and the method for breeding the new variety by ternary hybridization of the domestic fine wool sheep variety Chinese merino sheep and the foreign semi-fine wool sheep variety scotch sheep.
Background
The semi-fine wool is mainly distributed in New Zealand, south America, China and the like, and more than 3000 semi-fine wool sheep are distributed in China, and more than 10 ten thousand of semi-fine wool is produced. There are over 3000 ten thousand sheep in new zealand, fine wool sheep account for only 7%, and 80% of the fibers are around 37um in 17 ten thousand of wool production per year. The number of semi-fine wool sheep in south America is about 5700 ten thousand, and the semi-fine wool sheep with both wool and meat accounts for more than 50%. The yearbook of Chinese statistics shows that the demand of domestic textile industry for semi-fine wool is obviously increased from 2002, and the annual output of the carpet only made of wool is more than 2 ten thousand tons except for processing products such as wool quilts, Charles and the like. Meanwhile, the consumption demand of mutton is increasing day by day, the consumption of mutton is changed from the original seasonal consumption to the usual food consumption along with the improvement of the living standard of nationwide residents, and the consumption of mutton is more active along with the development of night economy and take-out catering. In 2012, the mutton yield of China is 404.5 ten thousand tons, the demand is 416.4 ten thousand tons, and the supply and demand gap is 11.9 ten thousand tons; the gap between supply and demand is expanded to 36.5 ten thousand tons by 2020. The market demands of wool and mutton at home and abroad are high, so that the defects of the sheep for both wool and mutton and specialized meat are shown, and new varieties need to be innovated and cultivated by continuously exploring and utilizing local variety resources. In the aspect of variety utilization, two generations of sheep of different varieties are hybridized, the meat yield of filial generation is averagely increased by 12% compared with that of the parental generation, and the reproduction rate is increased by 15%. The development of binary and ternary economic hybridization is a mode for improving the yield and quality of livestock products and can also effectively improve the fertility.
The Weining sheep are crude wool sheep which are distributed in Weining counties, Huzhang counties, Nayong counties, Qixingguan areas, Jinjin counties and other places of Bijie City in Guizhou province, are mainly raised in the ecological environment conditions of high and cold mountain areas with higher altitude and lower air temperature, have life habits similar to goats, have strong climbing capacity and wide feeding performance, and have the excellent characteristics of coarse feeding resistance, strong disease resistance, good stress resistance, strong walking capacity and the like; but has the defects of slow growth speed, low dressing percentage, low lambing rate, heterogeneous furs, less bending and less oil sweat, black and yellowish brown spots of different degrees at the lower parts of the head, the neck and the limbs, high seed preservation value and low actual breeding benefit, and does not meet the requirements of modern livestock breeding development on varieties. Therefore, the excellent characteristics of the Weining sheep are excavated, the Weining sheep is used as a basic female parent, a new variety is cultivated, the problem of the breeding of the Kanju is solved, and the defect of the production performance of the Weining sheep is made up. The growth performance, meat performance, fur performance and reproductive performance levels of an original variety of Weining sheep are shown as follows (see tables 1-5):
(1) the growth performance level of the Weining sheep is mainly reflected in the body weight level of 6-month-old, yearly and adult sheep, and is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 Weining sheep growth Performance Table
(2) The performance of Weining sheep meat is mainly reflected in the slaughter rate and the meat purity level of 6-month-old, yearly-old and adult sheep, and is shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2 Weining sheep meat Performance Table
(3) The properties of the Weining sheep wool are mainly reflected in the wool fineness, the hair tuft length and the level of the shearing amount, and are shown in Table 3;
TABLE 3 Performance Table for Weining sheep wool
Note: in table 3, the length of wool is an average of only 3 times of shearing within 12 months, and the amount of shearing is a total of only 3 times of shearing within 12 months.
(4) The reproductive performance of Weining sheep is mainly reflected in the oestrus cycle, sexual maturity time, mating time and lambing rate level, and is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Weining sheep reproduction Performance Table
| Sex | Estrus cycle | Time of sexual maturity | Suitable for mating time | Lambing rate |
| Ram | － | 8-10 months old | 12-18 months old | － |
| Ewe | 14 to 21 days | 6-8 months old | 10 to 12 months old | 97.14％～105.26％ |
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for breeding a new variety of 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep, which takes a Weining sheep as a female parent, mainly digs the excellent characteristics of crude feed resistance, good disease resistance, strong stress resistance and tender meat quality of the Weining sheep of a local variety, and ensures that the offspring is suitable for the high-cold high-humidity climate environment; introducing fine wool sheep as an intermediate male parent to produce the offspring of binary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep with wool fineness between that of coarse wool and fine wool so as to homogenize the wool; the introduction of the semi-fine wool sheep as a terminal male parent mainly leads the semi-fine wool of the three-way cross offspring to be further homogenized, improves the length and the meat performance of the wool, and finally breeds the high-quality semi-fine wool sheep suitable for barn feeding and grazing in the alpine and high-humidity mountain areas.
The hybridization steps of the present invention are as follows:
a. selecting healthy Weining sheep as a female parent, and carrying out binary hybridization with Chinese merino male sheep as a male parent to produce 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid sheep;
b. b, selecting the healthy 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid ewe produced in the step a as a female parent, and hybridizing the healthy 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid ewe with the test-generation sheep ram as a male parent to produce 'Kangwei' ternary first-generation hybrid ewe;
c. and c, selecting the 'kazhongwei' ternary generation Jiankanggang ewes produced in the step b for mating, and performing cross-crossing fixation to produce 'kazhongwei' zero-generation ternary hybrid sheep, thereby obtaining 48-58 new ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep varieties.
Further, the crossing adopts a natural mating method.
Further, the crossing adopts an artificial insemination method.
Furthermore, the Weining sheep ewe, the Chinese merino ram, the test generation sheep ram, the Zhongwei hybrid ewe and the Kangwei hybrid ewe are selected and matched.
The design idea of the invention is that the local variety of Weining sheep has the excellent characteristics of coarse feeding resistance, strong disease resistance, good stress resistance, strong walking capability, tender meat quality and the like, and has the defects of low breeding benefit caused by low growth speed, low lambing rate, heterogeneous furs, less bending, less oil sweat, less heads, 32-46 wool fineness, black and tawny spots at the lower parts of necks and limbs and the like, and aims to develop the innovation of local variety resources to cultivate new varieties by making the best of the advantages and the disadvantages of the advantages; chinese merino sheep are selected as an intermediate male parent, wool fineness of 64-70 meridiones is mainly based on, wool fineness and quilt homogeneity of offspring produced by hybridization with Weining sheep are improved, shearing quantity is high (16-18 kg of adult rams and 6.41kg of female sheep), wool length is moderate (9-12 cm), and female property is strong; the Kaoli sheep are selected as terminal male parents, and the terminal male parents are mainly characterized in that the climate conditions of the New Zealand in the origin area are similar to that of southern China, the fineness of wool is 50-56 counts, the length of wool is 12-14 cm, the terminal male parents are suitable for the climate conditions of southern alpine and high-humidity areas, and the terminal male parents have the characteristics of precocity, meat production (adult sheep slaughter rate is 52%) and good wool production performance.
The invention has the advantages that the production performance level of the 48-58 new three-element hybrid semi-fine wool sheep variety produced by the method is as follows:
the method has the advantages of high growth performance
20-24 days 10 months in 2018, experts of quality supervision and inspection test centers (Wuluquinqi) of sheep breeders and wool and cashmere in rural areas in the agricultural field determine on site, and measuring tools such as measuring sticks and tape gauges are adopted to measure the body size and the weight of newly-cultivated 48-58 semi-fine wool sheep 588. The growth performance index is shown in Table 5.
Table 548-58 new species growth performance table of semi-fine wool sheep
Good property of wool production
According to the core group determination of the variety in 2018, the fineness of the wool is determined that 56 adult rams account for 57.29% and 58 rams account for 37.50%, 56 ewes account for 62.13% and 58 rams account for 29.17%, and the main body fineness is 48-58; the length of the wool is 12.92 plus or minus 1.50cm and 11.93 plus or minus 1.62cm respectively for adult male and female sheep; the shearing amount of the male and female sheep is 6.62 plus or minus 0.66kg and 4.83 plus or minus 1.16kg respectively. The wool fineness is 61.68% of bred rams 56, 31.78% of bred rams 58, 71.16% of bred ewes 58, 22.33% of bred ewes 58, and the wool main body fineness is 48-58; the length of the wool is 14.32 plus or minus 1.82cm, 13.92 plus or minus 1.63cm respectively; the quantity of cut wool is 4.35 plus or minus 1.12kg and 3.92 plus or minus 0.69kg for the male and female sheep respectively. The wool production performance indexes of the variety are shown in a table 6.
Table 648-58 new species of semi-fine wool sheep wool production performance table
The meat production performance is good;
20-24 days 10 months in 2018, related experts of quality supervision and inspection test centers (Wuluquinqi) of sheep and wool cashmere in rural areas of agriculture guide the slaughtering and determination of the variety, and 38 varieties are determined in total. The result shows that under the condition of grazing feeding, the average carcass weight of the adult ram is 40.02kg, the dressing percentage is 54.93 percent, the net meat weight is 32.56kg, and the net meat rate is 44.66 percent; the average carcass weight of an adult ewe is 27.44kg, the dressing percentage is 50.87%, the net meat weight is 22.56kg, and the net meat rate is 41.96%; the average carcass weight of the bred ram is 18.67kg, the slaughtering rate is 46.52%, the net meat weight is 14.10kg, and the net meat rate is 35.12%; the average carcass weight of the bred ewes is 19.57kg, the slaughtering rate is 48.77%, the net meat weight is 15.78kg, and the net meat rate is 39.43%; the average carcass weight of a 6-month-old ram is 14.47kg, the slaughtering rate is 39.74 percent, the net meat weight is 11.10kg, and the net meat rate is 30.51 percent; the average carcass weight of 6-month-old ewes is 11.32kg, the slaughtering rate is 39.31%, the net meat weight is 8.77kg, and the net meat rate is 30.45%. The breed slaughter assays are shown in Table 7.
Table 748-58 semi-fine wool sheep new variety slaughter determination table
| Age (age) | Sex | Quantity (only) | Dressing percentage (%) | Meat percentage (%) |
| Adult life support | Ram | 6 | 54.93 | 44.66 |
| Ewe | 8 | 50.87 | 41.96 | |
| Growth of the adult | Ram | 6 | 46.52 | 35.12 |
| Ewe | 6 | 48.77 | 39.43 | |
| Age of 6 months | Ram | 6 | 39.74 | 30.51 |
| Ewe | 6 | 39.31 | 30.45 |
Fourth, reproductive performance;
under normal feeding conditions, the ewe oestrus cycle of the variety is 14-21 days, the oestrus duration is 16-35 hours, the ewe oestrus is in the first oestrus at 8-10 months and is in the first matching at 12-18 months. The ram is sexually mature at 10-12 months of age and bred at 18 months of age. According to the study of lamb birth in winter and spring at three years, the born rate of the first-birth ewe is 105.88%, the born rate of the double-lambs is 5.88%, the born rate of the second-birth ewe is 117.07% and the born rate of the double-lambs is 17.07% for the first-birth ewe of 136 fetuses, 144 lambs and the multiparous ewes of 164 fetuses and 192 lambs. The average lambing rate was 111.48%. The reproductive performance of the variety is shown in Table 8.
Reproduction performance table for semi-fine sheep of 848-58 goat
| Categories | Fetal heart rate (fetus) | Number of lambs (only) | Percentage of lambing (%) | Percentage of double lambs (%) |
| Birth ewe | 136 | 144 | 105.88 | 5.88 |
| Multiparous ewe | 164 | 192 | 117.07 | 17.07 |
Genetic stability of fifth
For breeding statistics of 6 continuous generations of adult male and female sheep and bred male and female sheep of a new semi-fine wool sheep variety of 48-58 in 2009-2019, indexes such as wool fineness, wool length, wool shearing amount, weight after wool shearing and the like are increased in each generation, but the increase is small, which shows that the new semi-fine wool sheep variety is good in genetic stability, and the main fineness of wool is in the range of 48-58. The breeding progress of 6 generations is shown in Table 9.
TABLE 92009 plus 2019 development progress of 6 generation breeding of 48-58 new species of semi-fine wool sheep
The growth performance, wool production performance, meat production performance, reproductive performance and the like of the newly-cultivated semi-fine wool sheep are remarkably higher than those of the Weining sheep. The method comprises the following specific steps:
weight: the weights of male and female sheep of 6 months old of the new variety are respectively improved by 45.7 percent and 18.98 percent, the weights of male and female sheep of the whole year old are respectively improved by 8.11 percent and 14.85 percent, and the weights of male and female sheep of the adult are respectively improved by 44.68 percent and 41.27 percent.
Wool production performance: the fineness of the new variety of wool is 48-58 counts, the fineness of the Weining sheep wool is 32-46 counts, and the fineness is obviously improved. The shearing amount of the new species is respectively increased by 160.63 percent and 184.12 percent for adult male and female sheep, and is respectively increased by 219.85 percent and 201.54 percent for the bred male and female sheep.
(iii) meat production performance: the slaughtering rates of the adult male and female sheep of the new variety are respectively improved by 14.29 percent and 9.23 percent.
Reproductive performance: the new breed lambing rate is improved by 10.28 percent.
According to the measurement and statistics of the production performance of 6 continuous generations of adult male and female sheep and yearly male and female sheep, the technical indexes such as wool fineness, wool length, wool shearing amount and weight after wool shearing are good in genetic stability, and the main fineness of wool is 48-58 counts. The variety is remarkably higher than the original variety of Weining sheep in the aspects of growth performance, wool production performance, meat production performance, reproductive performance and the like, can well realize yield increase and income increase for farmers when being fed, and solves the problems of low yield, low growth speed, low lambing rate, poor wool performance and the like of the Weining sheep. The variety is suitable for house feeding and grazing in alpine and high-humidity mountainous areas in south, and has high popularization and application values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hybridization process of the present invention.
In the figure: the male parent represents a ewe and the female parent represents a ram.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows: this example employed the natural mating method.
The method comprises the following steps: selecting a Weining sheep ewe with healthy physique, carrying out ear tag marking and recording, and mating with a Chinese merino sheep ram with healthy physique to produce a 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid sheep.
Step two: identifying the 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid sheep, eliminating all rams, selecting healthy 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid ewes to mate with the test-generation sheep rams, and producing 'Zhongwei' ternary first-generation hybrid sheep;
step three: the first-generation hybrid sheep of the 'Kangwei' is identified, the healthy first-generation hybrid ram of the 'Kangwei' is selected to mate with the ewe, and the cross breeding is fixed to produce the first-generation (zero generation) hybrid ram and ewe of the 'Kangwei'. Obtaining a new variety of 48-58 third-generation hybrid semi-fine wool sheep.
Example two: this example differs from the first example only in that an artificial insemination method is used. The result is not different from the result of the natural mating method.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. Obvious changes and modifications of the technical scheme of the invention are included in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for breeding a new variety of 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep is characterized by comprising the following hybridization steps:
a. selecting healthy Weining sheep as a female parent, and carrying out binary hybridization with Chinese merino male sheep as a male parent to produce 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid sheep;
b. b, selecting the healthy 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid ewe produced in the step a as a female parent, and hybridizing the healthy 'Zhongwei' binary first-generation hybrid ewe with the test-generation sheep ram as a male parent to produce 'Kangwei' ternary first-generation hybrid ewe;
c. and c, selecting the 'kazhongwei' ternary generation hybrid male and female sheep produced in the step b for mating, and carrying out cross-crossing fixation to produce a 'kazhongwei' zero generation ternary hybrid sheep, thereby obtaining 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep new varieties.
2. The breeding method of a new variety of 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep as claimed in claim 1, wherein the breeding method comprises the following steps: the hybridization adopts a natural mating method.
3. The breeding method of a new variety of 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep as claimed in claim 1, wherein the breeding method comprises the following steps: the artificial insemination method is adopted for hybridization.
4. The breeding method of a new variety of 48-58 ternary hybrid semi-fine wool sheep as claimed in claim 1, wherein the breeding method comprises the following steps: selecting and matching Weining sheep ewes, Chinese merino sheep rams, test generation sheep rams, Zhongwei hybrid ewes and Chongwei hybrid rams.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2148316C1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-05-10 | Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Юго-Востока | Method of selecting parent pairs in fine-fleece sheep breeding |
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- 2022-05-12 CN CN202210515368.6A patent/CN114747538A/en active Pending
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| RU2148316C1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-05-10 | Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Юго-Востока | Method of selecting parent pairs in fine-fleece sheep breeding |
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| 宋德荣等: "贵州半细毛羊选育前后部分性状的对比分析", vol. 23, no. 11, pages 294 - 6 * |
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