CN114747068A - 用于柔性二次电池的封装及包括该封装的柔性二次电池 - Google Patents
用于柔性二次电池的封装及包括该封装的柔性二次电池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114747068A CN114747068A CN202080080928.9A CN202080080928A CN114747068A CN 114747068 A CN114747068 A CN 114747068A CN 202080080928 A CN202080080928 A CN 202080080928A CN 114747068 A CN114747068 A CN 114747068A
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- Prior art keywords
- based resin
- secondary battery
- package
- barrier layer
- flexible secondary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Abstract
公开了一种用于柔性二次电池的封装和一种包括该封装的柔性二次电池,所述封装包括:第一聚合物树脂层;形成在所述第一聚合物树脂层上的阻挡层,其中所述阻挡层阻断水分和气体,所述阻挡层的厚度为30nm至999nm,所述阻挡层为多层且包括石墨烯、分散剂、和作为柔性连接剂的芘,其中所述石墨烯和所述芘之间存在π‑π共轭;和形成在所述阻挡层上的第二聚合物树脂层。
Description
技术领域
本公开内容涉及一种用于柔性二次电池的封装及包括该封装的柔性二次电池,更具体地,本公开内容涉及一种用于防止在反复弯曲环境中由于拉伸应力和压缩应力而出现裂纹的用于柔性二次电池的封装及包括该封装的柔性二次电池。
本申请要求于2019年11月22日在韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请第10-2019-0151647号的权益,通过引用将该专利申请的公开内容全部并入本文。
背景技术
随着技术发展和对移动设备的需求增加,对作为能源的二次电池的需求急剧增加,在二次电池中,已对具有高的能量密度和放电电压的锂二次电池进行了很多研究并且锂二次电池现在已被广泛使用。
根据容纳正极/隔板/负极的电极组件的电池壳体的形状,二次电池主要分为圆柱形电池、棱柱形电池和袋型电池,并且紧跟装置尺寸最小化的趋势,对适用于小型装置的棱柱形电池和袋型电池的需求显著增加。
一般来说,棱柱形电池通过这样的方式来制造,即将正极/隔板/负极的果冻卷型电极组件或堆叠型电极组件放入金属棱柱形电池壳体中,用顶盖覆盖开放的顶部,通过在顶盖上的电解质注入口将电解质溶液注入并密封。
此外,袋型电池通过热焊接密封其中容纳有电极组件的层压片的袋壳体的外周来制造。
同时,随着使用该电池的装置多种多样,电池被制造成除了长方体形状之外的各种形状。
例如,智能手机可能具有圆形侧面以改善抓握感,并且当应用柔性显示器时,柔性显示器是可弯曲的或可折叠的,因此对圆形电池或柔性电池进行了许多研究。
用于保护柔性电池的封装同时需要柔性和防水性能。当使用由一般聚合物制成的管状封装时,水分或空气会通过聚合物的微孔渗入并污染电池中的电解质,导致电池性能下降。
为了克服这个问题,可以使用由金属箔制成的封装,但由于金属箔的刚性,当弯曲电池时,电池没有被完全弯曲,而金属箔的表面会折叠或起皱,并且最终,金属箔可能会被撕裂。
发明内容
技术问题
本公开内容旨在提供一种用于在反复弯曲环境中提供稳定性而不会损坏,并防止由于拉伸应力和压缩应力而出现裂纹的用于柔性二次电池的封装以及包括该封装的柔性二次电池。
技术方案
根据本公开内容的一个方面,提供了一种根据以下实施方式的用于柔性二次电池的封装。
根据第一实施方式,提供了一种用于柔性二次电池的封装,包括:第一聚合物树脂层;形成在所述第一聚合物树脂层上的阻挡层,其中所述阻挡层阻断水分和气体,所述阻挡层的厚度为30nm至999nm,所述阻挡层为多层且包括石墨烯、分散剂、和作为柔性连接剂的芘,其中所述石墨烯和所述芘之间存在π-π共轭(π-πinteraction,π-π相互作用);和形成在所述阻挡层上的第二聚合物树脂层。
根据第二实施方式,在第一实施方式中,第一聚合物树脂层可以包括聚烯烃基树脂、聚酯基树脂、聚酰胺基树脂、聚乙烯亚胺基树脂、聚醚基树脂、氰基丙烯酸酯基树脂、有机钛基树脂、聚氨酯基树脂、聚醚氨基甲酸酯基树脂、环氧基树脂、酰亚胺基树脂、异氰酸酯基树脂、有机硅基树脂、或它们中的至少两种。
根据第三实施方式,在第一或第二实施方式中,基于100重量份的石墨烯,分散剂的用量可以为0.01重量份至1重量份,芘的用量为0.1重量份至2重量份。
根据第四实施方式,在第一至第三实施方式的任一者中,石墨烯可以是无缺陷的石墨烯(defect free graphene)。
根据第五实施方式,在第一至第四实施方式的任一者中,分散剂可以为CnH2n+1R(其中R为NH3、OH或COOH,20≤n≤30)。
根据第六实施方式,在第一至第五实施方式的任一者中,阻挡层的厚度可以为30nm至900nm。
根据第七实施方式,在第一至第六实施方式的任一者中,阻挡层可以为三层至五层。
根据第八实施方式,在第一至第七实施方式的任一者中,第二聚合物树脂层可以包括聚烯烃基树脂、聚酯基树脂、聚酰胺基树脂、聚乙烯亚胺基树脂、聚醚基树脂、氰基丙烯酸酯基树脂、有机钛基树脂、聚氨酯基树脂、聚醚氨基甲酸酯基树脂、环氧基树脂、酰亚胺基树脂、异氰酸酯基树脂、有机硅基树脂、或它们中的至少两种。
根据第九实施方式,在第一至第八实施方式的任一者中,在所述阻挡层与所述第一聚合物树脂层之间的接触表面或所述阻挡层与所述第二聚合物树脂层之间的接触表面中的至少一者上进一步形成有粘合剂层。
根据第十实施方式,提供一种柔性二次电池,所述柔性二次电池包括柔性电极组件和该柔性电极组件被嵌入其中的封装,其中所述封装是根据第一至第九实施方式的任一者所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装。
有益效果
根据本公开内容的实施方式,用于柔性二次电池的封装包括阻挡层以阻断水分和气体,从而防止柔性二次电池中的电解质被污染,因而防止电池性能下降并保持柔性二次电池的机械强度。
此外,用于柔性二次电池的封装的阻挡层除了石墨烯以外进一步包括分散剂和芘,以提高阻挡层的机械强度并改善石墨烯在阻挡层中的分散性和涂层中的柔性,从而进一步增强柔性二次电池的防水性和柔性。
附图说明
附图图解了本公开内容的优选实施方式,并且与详细的公开内容一起用于有助于对本公开内容的技术方面的理解,因而本公开内容不应被解释为受限于附图。
图1是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
图2是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的实施例1的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
图3是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的实施例2的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
图4是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的比较例1的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
图5是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的比较例2的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
图6是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的比较例3的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
具体实施方式
下文中,将参照附图详细地描述本公开内容。应当理解,说明书和所附权利要求中使用的术语或词语不应被解释为受限于一般含义和字典含义,而是应在允许发明人适当地定义术语以获得最佳解释的原则的基础上基于与本公开内容的技术方面对应的含义和概念来解释。
因此,本文所记载的实施方式以及附图中的说明仅是本公开内容的最优选的实施方式,并非旨在完整地记载本公开内容的技术方面,因此应当理解,在提交申请时,可以对其做出各种其他等同和修改。
根据本公开内容的一个方面的用于柔性二次电池的封装包括:
第一聚合物树脂层;
形成在所述第一聚合物树脂层上的阻挡层,其中所述阻挡层阻断水分和气体,所述阻挡层的厚度为30nm至999nm,所述阻挡层为多层且包括石墨烯、分散剂、和作为柔性连接剂的芘,其中所述石墨烯和所述芘之间存在π-π共轭(π-πinteraction,π-π相互作用);和
形成在所述阻挡层上的第二聚合物树脂层。
图1是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的实施方式的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
参照图1,根据本公开内容的实施方式的用于柔性二次电池的封装10可以包括第一聚合物树脂层11;形成在第一聚合物树脂层11上的阻挡层12;和形成在阻挡层12上的第二聚合物树脂层13。
用于柔性二次电池的封装10包括阻挡层12以阻断水分和气体,从而防止柔性二次电池中的电解质被污染,因而防止电池性能下降并保持柔性二次电池的机械强度。
特别地,阻挡层12除了石墨烯以外进一步包括分散剂和芘,以提高阻挡层的机械强度并改善石墨烯在阻挡层中的分散性和涂层中的柔性,从而进一步增强柔性二次电池的防水性和柔性。
通常,PET或尼龙作为防止阻挡层开裂的保护层是附着在阻挡层的一个表面上,但在反复弯曲的情况下很难防止应力引起的开裂,从而引起水渗入导致的电池性能下降。
然而,为了解决该问题,本公开内容在阻挡层中包括石墨烯和芘(pyrene)。
阻挡层中所包括的石墨烯是指碳原子通过共价键连接而形成多环芳分子,该碳原子通过共价键连接而形成6元环作为基本重复单元,还可以进一步包括5元环和/或7元环。
根据本公开内容的实施方式,石墨烯可以是无缺陷的石墨烯(defectfreegraphene)。在这种情况下,无缺陷的石墨烯因没有氧键而比氧化石墨烯表现出更少的缺陷,并且具有持续不断的π-π共轭连续性(没有SP3连接)。石墨烯具有在六方结构中的π轨道,并且在π轨道中发现了π-π共轭(以Sp2连接)。
此外,芘(pyrene)是芳烃中的多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon,PAH),并且是化学式为C16H10的化合物,具有纵横交错排列的苯环。因此,本公开内容的芘是其中某个氢原子未被不同基团(group)取代的未取代的芘化合物,例如,本公开内容的芘与其中芘的至少一个氢原子被氨基、羧酸基和丁酸基取代的芘衍生物完全不同。芘具有π-π共轭,因此芘和石墨烯之间可以发生π-π共轭。因此,芘充当石墨烯之间的桥梁。在具有诸如氨基、羧酸基和丁酸基的化学基团取代的芘衍生物的情况下,芘和石墨烯之间的π-π共轭由于取代基团(取代基)的空间位阻而受到干扰,并且当取代基为亲水性时,防水性能可能会显著变差。
本公开内容的阻挡层具有石墨烯与芘之间的π-π相互作用(π-πinteraction),从而提高防水能力和柔性。
此外,本公开内容的阻挡层除了石墨烯和芘之外进一步包括分散剂。将分散剂添加到包括石墨烯、芘和分散介质的用于阻挡层的组合物中以形成阻挡层,从而进一步提高石墨烯在用于阻挡层的组合物中的分散性,因此,通过该用于阻挡层的组合物所得到的阻挡层可以具有均匀的厚度和改进的柔性。
根据本公开内容的实施方式,分散剂可以是由化学式CnH2n+1R(R为NH3、OH或COOH,20≤n≤30)表示的羧酸基分散剂、胺基分散剂或羟基醇基分散剂。此外,分散剂的其他示例包括诸如十二烷基苯磺酸盐、短链烷基苯磺酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、磺基羧基化合物的磺酸盐基分散剂、和诸如烷基硫酸盐、烷基酯硫酸盐、烷醇酰胺硫酸盐、甘油酯硫酸盐的硫酸盐基分散剂、和诸如有机磷酸基表面活性剂、肌苷或烷基氨基酸的其他阴离子表面活性剂。
本文中,阻挡层的厚度可以为30nm至999nm,根据本公开内容的实施方式,阻挡层的厚度可以为30nm至900nm、或100nm至900nm、或600nm至900nm、或100nm至600nm、或100nm至500nm、或200nm至400nm。
当阻挡层的厚度超过999nm时,会因外部刺激而产生裂纹,而当阻挡层的厚度小于30nm时,无法作为阻挡层来阻隔水分。
此外,本公开内容的阻挡层可以是多层的,例如,双层、三层至五层。
与包括石墨烯、芘和分散剂的单层阻挡层不同,本公开内容的多层阻挡层具有大大提高的柔性。
根据本公开内容的实施方式,基于100重量份的石墨烯,分散剂的用量可以为0.01重量份至1重量份、或0.1重量份至0.5重量份。
当分散剂的用量满足上述范围时,可以提高石墨烯的分散性,从而确保厚度的均匀性,而随着分散剂的用量增加,可能会出现缺陷(defect),因此尽量减少分散剂的用量以保持防水性能。
此外,基于100重量份的石墨烯,芘的用量可以为0.1重量份至2重量份、或0.5重量份至1重量份。
当芘的用量满足上述范围时,可以通过石墨烯层之间的π-π共轭连接体来提高防水性能。
根据本公开内容的实施方式的第一聚合物树脂层可以附着到容纳在封装中的电极组件上,并且可以包括聚烯烃基树脂、聚酯基树脂、聚酰胺基树脂、聚乙烯亚胺基树脂、聚醚基树脂、氰基丙烯酸酯基树脂、有机钛基树脂、聚氨酯基树脂、聚醚氨基甲酸酯基树脂、环氧基树脂、酰亚胺基树脂、异氰酸酯基树脂、有机硅基树脂、或它们中的至少两种,并且优选地为流延聚丙烯(CPP)。
在这种情况下,第一聚合物树脂层可以用作热收缩管层。热收缩管是一种在加热时收缩以紧紧包裹不同端部、形状或尺寸的材料的管,热收缩管通常由聚合物树脂制成,并且用于绝缘或其他用途。市售的具有不同的材料和形状的热收缩管以及合适的热收缩管可以很容易地获得并用于本公开内容的目的。在这种情况下,为了避免二次电池的热损伤,在低温下进行热收缩,通常,需要在70℃至200℃或者70℃至120℃完成热收缩。
此外,第一聚合物树脂层的厚度可以为15μm至500μm、或20μm至60μm。当第一聚合物树脂层的厚度满足上述范围时,可以保持作为密封材料的粘合强度,并且防止能量密度随着电池的单位体积容量的增加而降低。
同时,第二聚合物树脂层可以包括聚烯烃基树脂、聚酯基树脂、聚酰胺基树脂、聚乙烯亚胺基树脂、聚醚基树脂、氰基丙烯酸酯基树脂、有机钛基树脂、聚氨酯基树脂、聚醚氨基甲酸酯基树脂、环氧基树脂、酰亚胺基树脂、异氰酸酯基树脂、有机硅基树脂、或它们中的至少两种作为用于防止阻挡层120中的裂纹的材料,并且优选地为尼龙树脂或PET。
此外,第二聚合物树脂层的厚度可以为5μm至50μm、或10μm至30μm。第二聚合物树脂层在变形时通过弹性回复起到保护封装材料的外部或保持电池形状的作用,当第二聚合物树脂层的厚度满足上述范围时,可以保持其坚硬并防止电池单位体积容量的降低。
同时,根据本公开内容的实施方式的阻挡层可以在第一聚合物树脂层与阻挡层之间的接触表面上或第二聚合物树脂层与阻挡层之间的接触表面上进一步包括粘合剂层,以进一步提高在第一聚合物树脂层和第二聚合物树脂层与阻挡层之间的粘合性。
粘合剂层可以使用常用的粘合剂来形成,例如,可以通过流延涂布聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂来形成粘合剂层。
此外,本公开内容的阻挡层可以是多层的,并且根据本公开内容的实施方式,粘合剂层可以插置于多个阻挡层之间。当在多个阻挡层之间形成粘合剂层时,可以进一步提高阻挡层之间的粘合性,并且有利于保持防水性能。对于其中在多个阻挡层之间形成粘合剂层的实施方式,可以参考以下图1和图2。
从反复进行100次5R弯曲试验前后的水蒸气透过率的变化可以看出所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装的优异的防水性能。用于柔性二次电池的封装的反复进行100次5R弯曲试验前后的水蒸气透过率的变化可以为1%至15%、或5%至15%、或5.6%至14.8%、或5.6%至9.2%。
在这种情况下,通过使用具有半径为5mm的圆形横截面的棒(bar)沿着棒的周边弯曲和拉伸用于柔性二次电池的封装预定次数来进行5R弯曲试验,其中弯曲和拉伸一次的循环算作一次循环。
水蒸气透过率的变化按照下式进行计算。
水蒸气透过率变化(%)=[(弯曲后的水蒸气透过率-弯曲前的水蒸气透过率)/(弯曲前的水蒸气透过率)]×100
同时,根据本公开内容的另一方面的柔性二次电池包括柔性电极组件和容纳该柔性电极组件的封装,其中所述封装是上述根据本公开内容的用于柔性二次电池的封装。
在本公开内容的实施方式中,柔性电极组件可以包括正极和负极,其间插置有隔板。在这种情况下,柔性电极组件可具有包括一个正极和一个负极被插置于其间的隔板卷绕的结构,或其中多个正极和多个负极用插置于其间的隔板一起堆叠的结构。此外,柔性电极组件可以包括内部电极、隔板和外部电极。
在下文中,提供实施例来详细地描述本公开内容。然而,根据本公开内容的实施例可以以许多不同的形式进行修改,并且本公开内容的范围不应被解释为限于以下实施例。本公开内容的实施例向本领域普通技术人员提供了对本公开内容的透彻和完整的描述。
实施例1
(1)无缺陷的石墨烯和包括该石墨烯的用于阻挡层的组合物的制备
将石墨粉进行液相剥离(Liquid phase exfoliation)。
在这种情况下,分散介质可以包括N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、邻二氯苯(Orthodichlorobenzene)和二甲基甲酰胺(dimethylformamide),并且优选市售的NMP。
将1重量%的石墨粉在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)中的分散溶液在60℃、120W的能量下超声处理(Sonication)5小时。在这种情况下,使用热控制器(Therma lcontroller)和冷却盘管(cooling coil)将温度均匀地保持在60℃。
随后,为了保持均匀的分散溶液,基于100重量份的石墨烯添加0.13重量份的作为分散剂的C20H41COOH。此外,为了提高石墨烯层(Graphene layer)的柔性,基于100重量份的石墨烯,添加0.1重量份的作为连接剂(linking agent)的芘(pyrene),并以5,000rpm离心分离(Centrifugation)搅拌30分钟。结果,获得了包括通过石墨粉末的液相剥离(Liquidphase exfoliation)所得的无缺陷的石墨烯、芘、分散剂和分散介质的用于阻挡层的组合物。
(2)用于柔性二次电池的封装的制备
图2是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的实施例1的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
参照图2,制备20μm厚的流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜110作为第一聚合物树脂层,使用刮刀将先前所制备的用于阻挡层的组合物涂布在流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜上,通过在90℃加热10min进行干燥,以形成300nm厚的第一阻挡层121。通过流延(casting)法在第一阻挡层上涂布3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂,以形成粘合剂层141,使用刮刀涂布先前所制备的用于阻挡层的组合物,并通过在90℃加热10min进行干燥,以形成300nm厚的第二阻挡层122,以同样的方式通过流延(casting)法在第二阻挡层上涂布3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂,以形成粘合剂层142,使用刮刀涂布先前所制备的用于阻挡层的组合物,并通过在90℃加热10min进行干燥,以形成300nm厚的第三阻挡层123。
随后,将3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂以流延法涂布在第三阻挡层上,以形成粘合剂层143,将23μm厚的尼龙薄膜130附着作为第二聚合物树脂层130,以制备具有三层阻挡层120的用于柔性二次电池的封装100。
实施例2
图3是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的实施例2的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
参照图3,制备20μm厚的流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜210作为第一聚合物树脂层,使用刮刀将实施例1中先前所制备的用于阻挡层的组合物涂布在流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜上,通过在90℃加热10min进行干燥,以形成300nm厚的第一阻挡层221。通过流延(casting)法在第一阻挡层上涂布3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂,以形成粘合剂层241,涂布先前所制备的用于阻挡层的组合物,并通过在90℃加热10min进行干燥,以形成300nm厚的第二阻挡层222。
随后,将3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂以流延法涂布在第二阻挡层上,以形成粘合剂层242,将23μm厚的尼龙薄膜230附着作为第二聚合物树脂层230,以制备具有双层阻挡层220的用于柔性二次电池的封装200。
比较例1
图4是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的比较例1的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
参照图4,制备20μm厚的流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜310作为第一聚合物树脂层,通过流延(casting)法在流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜上涂布3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂,以形成粘合剂层341,使用刮刀涂布先前所制备的用于阻挡层的组合物,并通过在90℃加热10min进行干燥,以形成300nm厚的阻挡层320。
随后,将3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂以流延法涂布在阻挡层上,以形成粘合剂层342,将23μm厚的尼龙薄膜330附着作为第二聚合物树脂层330,以制备具有单层阻挡层320的用于柔性二次电池的封装300。
比较例2
图5是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的比较例2的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
参照图5,制备20μm厚的流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜410作为第一聚合物树脂层,通过流延(casting)法在流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜上涂布3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂,以形成粘合剂层441,使用刮刀涂布先前所制备的用于阻挡层的组合物,并通过在90℃加热10min进行干燥,以形成3μm厚的阻挡层420。
随后,将3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂以流延法涂布在阻挡层上,以形成粘合剂层442,将23μm厚的尼龙薄膜430附着作为第二聚合物树脂层430,以制备具有单层阻挡层420的用于柔性二次电池的封装400。
比较例3
图6是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的比较例3的用于柔性二次电池的封装的截面的图。
参照图6,制备20μm厚的流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜510作为第一聚合物树脂层,通过流延(casting)法在流延聚丙烯(CPP)薄膜上涂布3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂,以形成粘合剂层541,将15μm厚的铝(Al)箔附着至粘合剂层,以形成阻挡层520。随后,将3.5μm厚的聚丙烯酸酯基粘合剂以流延法涂布在阻挡层上,以形成粘合剂层542,将23μm厚的尼龙薄膜附着作为第二聚合物树脂层530,以制备具有单层阻挡层520的用于柔性二次电池的封装500。
比较例4
(1)用于阻挡层的组合物的制备
将1重量%的石墨粉在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)中的分散溶液在60℃、120W的能量下超声处理(Sonication)5小时,以获得石墨烯。在这种情况下,使用热控制器(Thermalcontroller)和冷却盘管(cooling coil)将温度均匀地保持在60℃。
将20mg所得的石墨烯分散在20ml吡啶中,将分散在20ml吡啶中的芘丁酸(pyrenebutyric acid:PBA)超声处理1小时。随后,将两种溶液混合在一起并在70℃超声处理12小时,然后反应24小时。反应完成后,冷却至室温,然后使用真空过滤器进行过滤,并进行洗涤以除去残留的盐。为了完全去除水分,在100℃下干燥24小时,以获得用芘丁酸衍生羧基进行表面改性的石墨烯。
随后,将99.8重量份用羧基进行表面改性的石墨烯和0.2重量份作为分散剂的C20H41COOH混合,并以5,000rpm离心分离(Centrifugation)搅拌30分钟。结果,获得了包括用羧基进行表面改性的石墨烯、分散剂和分散介质的用于阻挡层的组合物。
(2)用于柔性二次电池的封装的制备
以与实施例1相同的方法制备用于柔性二次电池的封装,不同之处在于:使用所获得的用于阻挡层的组合物。
性能评价
弯曲前、后的水蒸气透过率(WVTR,Water Vapor Transmission Rate)的评价
(1)弯曲前的水蒸气透过率的评价
将实施例1至2和比较例1至4的每个用于柔性二次电池的封装切割成108mm×108mm的尺寸,并且安装在水蒸气透过率测试仪(制造商:Sejin Test,型号名称:SJTM-014)中。随后,将不含水蒸气的干燥氮气供给用于柔性二次电池的封装的一个表面,并且将水蒸气供给另一个表面。在这种情况下,为了防止供给到用于柔性二次电池的封装的两个表面的气体混合在一起,将供给气体的两个空间彼此分开。同时,在实验期间,温度设置为38℃,湿度设置为100%RH,并保持不变。此外,在24小时内,使用湿度传感器测量供给干燥氮气的表面上的水蒸气量。通过将水蒸气的量除以一个表面的面积来计算24小时通过袋膜透过的每单位面积的水蒸气的量,并评价为水蒸气透过率(WVRT)。结果示于在下表1中。
(2)弯曲后的水蒸气透过率的评价
对于实施例1至2和比较例1至4的每个用于柔性二次电池的封装,反复进行100次5R弯曲试验,并在上述条件下评价水蒸气透过率。结果示于表1中。在此,通过使用具有半径为5mm的圆形横截面的棒(bar)沿着棒的周边弯曲和拉伸用于柔性二次电池的封装预定次数来进行5R弯曲试验,其中弯曲和拉伸一次的循环算作一次循环。
(3)水蒸气透过率的变化
水蒸气透过率的变化按照下式进行计算,并示于表1中。
水蒸气透过率变化(%)=[(弯曲后的水蒸气透过率-弯曲前的水蒸气透过率)/(弯曲前的水蒸气透过率)]×100
[表1]
参照上表1,可以看出,与比较例1至4的用于柔性二次电池的封装相比,根据实施例1和2的用于柔性二次电池的封装具有包括石墨烯、分散剂和作为柔性连接剂的芘的多层阻挡层,其中石墨烯和芘之间存在π-π共轭(π-πinteraction),使得弯曲后的水蒸气透过率相对于弯曲前的水蒸气透过率的变化显著降低。
在这种情况下,在比较例4的情况下,由于阻挡层包括用芘丁酸衍生羧基进行表面改性的石墨烯,因此石墨烯的亲水性因丁酸之故而升高,并且石墨烯和芘之间的π-π共轭受到3维形状的干扰,因此弯曲后的水蒸气透过率相对于弯曲前的水蒸气透过率的变化显著降低。
尽管上文已经描述了本公开内容,但是这是提供为以举例说明的方式描述技术方面,并且本领域技术人员将理解在不背离本公开内容的基本特征的情况下可以对其进行各种修改和改变。因此,提供本文所公开的实施方式来描述本公开内容的技术方面,而不是旨在限制本公开内容的技术方面,并且本公开内容的技术方面的范围不限于此。本公开内容的保护范围应当由所附权利要求书来解释,在等效范围内的所有技术方面都应当理解为落入本公开内容的保护范围之内。
[附图标记的描述]
10、100、200、300、400、500:封装
11、110、210、310、410、510:第一聚合物树脂层
12、120、220、320、420、520:阻挡层
121、221:第一阻挡层,122、222:第二阻挡层,123:第三阻挡层
13、130、230、330、430、530:第二聚合物树脂层
141、142、143、241、242、341、342、441、442、541、542:粘合剂层。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于柔性二次电池的封装,包括:
第一聚合物树脂层;
形成在所述第一聚合物树脂层上的阻挡层,其中所述阻挡层阻断水分和气体,所述阻挡层的厚度为30nm至999nm,所述阻挡层为多层且包括石墨烯、分散剂、和作为柔性连接剂的芘,其中所述石墨烯和所述芘之间存在π-π共轭;和
形成在所述阻挡层上的第二聚合物树脂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装,其中所述第一聚合物树脂层包括聚烯烃基树脂、聚酯基树脂、聚酰胺基树脂、聚乙烯亚胺基树脂、聚醚基树脂、氰基丙烯酸酯基树脂、有机钛基树脂、聚氨酯基树脂、聚醚氨基甲酸酯基树脂、环氧基树脂、酰亚胺基树脂、异氰酸酯基树脂、有机硅基树脂、或它们中的至少两种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装,其中基于100重量份的所述石墨烯,所述分散剂的用量为0.01重量份至1重量份,所述芘的用量为0.1重量份至2重量份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装,其中所述石墨烯是无缺陷的石墨烯(defect free graphene)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装,其中所述分散剂为CnH2n+1R(其中R为NH3、OH或COOH,20≤n≤30)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装,其中所述阻挡层的厚度为30nm至900nm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装,其中所述阻挡层为三层至五层。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装,其中所述第二聚合物树脂层包括聚烯烃基树脂、聚酯基树脂、聚酰胺基树脂、聚乙烯亚胺基树脂、聚醚基树脂、氰基丙烯酸酯基树脂、有机钛基树脂、聚氨酯基树脂、聚醚氨基甲酸酯基树脂、环氧基树脂、酰亚胺基树脂、异氰酸酯基树脂、有机硅基树脂、或它们中的至少两种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装,其中在所述阻挡层与所述第一聚合物树脂层之间的接触表面或所述阻挡层与所述第二聚合物树脂层之间的接触表面中的至少一者上进一步形成有粘合剂层。
10.一种柔性二次电池,所述柔性二次电池包括柔性电极组件和所述柔性电极组件被嵌入其中的封装,其中所述封装是根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的用于柔性二次电池的封装。
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KR20210063128A (ko) | 2021-06-01 |
EP4044328B1 (en) | 2023-08-30 |
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