CN114736255A - 检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法和应用、试剂盒及其使用方法 - Google Patents
检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法和应用、试剂盒及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提出了一种检测β‑半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法和应用、试剂盒及其使用方法,本荧光探针以黄酮衍生物作为荧光团,通过β‑半乳糖苷酶选择性脱去荧光探针上的半乳糖基团来实现对β‑半乳糖苷酶的荧光检测。该荧光探针合成简单、且具有光稳定性好,无毒,水溶性强,生物相容性好的优点。探针本身无荧光,当识别基团与β‑半乳糖苷酶作用后,在612nm左右发射出橙红色荧光,且随着β‑半乳糖苷酶量的增加,荧光逐渐增强。因此本发明提供的β‑半乳糖苷酶探针及其专用检测试剂盒对β‑半乳糖苷酶有良好的响应,且具有操作简便,成本低廉,响应灵敏,易于推广和应用等优点,可用于食品、生物、化工、医药等领域中β‑半乳糖苷酶的定量分析。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法和应用、试剂盒及其使用方法,属于荧光探针技术领域。
背景技术
β-半乳糖苷酶(β-Galactosidase,β-gal)是生物体内一种由β-半乳糖苷酶基因(lacZ基因)编码的水解酶,能够将一分子乳糖水解成一分子葡萄糖和一分子半乳糖,具有多种生理和病理功能。例如,大量研究证明β-gal是原发性卵巢癌和细胞衰老的重要生物标志物。因此,开发一种检测细胞或组织中β-gal的活性对生物医学和疾病诊断具有非常重要的意义。
目前,已有多种方法用于检测β-gal活性,包括核磁技术、比色法等。其中,比色法是使用最广的方法之一,也已有商业化试剂盒面世。其原理为β-gal会将催化无色的ONPG(ο-nitro-phenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside,2-硝基苯基-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷)转变成黄色产物,从而通过对样品在405~430nm范围波长下的吸光度的测定,获得β-gal的相对活性。但是此方法操作复杂而且定量测试准确度较差。与之相比,荧光探针由于其操作简单、成本廉价、灵敏度高、选择性好,特别是对活细胞或组织中靶向生物分子的无损成像能力等优点,已成为生物科学中广泛应用的最强大工具之一。
截止目前,已有一些商业化的荧光探针,如AmpliteTMFluorimetric Beta-Galactosidase Assay Kit*Green Fluorescence*,MUGβ-GalactosidaseAssay Kit*Fluorimetric*等,然而由于合成复杂,因此售价较高,同时还存在水溶性差、发射波长短(如AmpliteTMFluorimetric Beta-Galactosidase Assay Kit最大发射波长为525nm)等问题,这会导致探针的组织穿透力低、背景荧光强,这些都限制了其在活体细胞或组织中的应用。因此,本领域急需发展合成简单、成本低廉、抗干扰能力强、准确度高、水溶性强且发射波长较长的荧光探针以用于细胞或组织中β-gal的检测。
发明内容
本发明针对当前检测β-半乳糖苷酶的荧光探针效果不佳的问题,提出了一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法和应用、试剂盒及其使用方法,以黄酮衍生物作为荧光团,通过β-半乳糖苷酶选择性脱去荧光探针上的半乳糖基团来实现对β-半乳糖苷酶的荧光检测。
本发明为解决上述问题所采用的技术手段为:一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针,其具有以下结构式:
一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将EPC、2-羟基苯乙酮和氢氧化钾溶于溶剂中,回流反应至结束,浓缩后柱层析纯化,得到深红色固体EPH:
其中溶剂可为甲醇或乙醇,上式中采用甲醇示出,且EPC、2-羟基苯乙酮和氢氧化钾的摩尔比优选为1:1.75:2.25~1:2:2.5,每1mmol的EPC优选使用1.5~2mL的溶剂;
(2)将EPH溶解于甲醇,加入氢氧化钠溶液和30%过氧化氢溶液,加热回流反应至结束后倒入冷水中;调节pH后萃取;干燥有机层浓缩,柱层析纯化,得到橙色固体EPHC:
其中1mmol的EPH优选使用2-4mL甲醇,EPH和氢氧化钠的摩尔比优选为3:5-1:4,氢氧化钠溶液浓度优选为0.5mol/L~0.75mol/L,氢氧化钠溶液与30%过氧化氢溶液体积比优选为4:1~6:1,pH优选调节至pH2-3,调节pH优选使用1mol/L HCl溶液进行调节,萃取剂优选采用二氯甲烷或乙酸乙酯。
(3)将EPHC溶解于无水乙腈,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺搅拌,加入2,3,4,6-四乙酰氧基-alpha-D-吡喃糖溴化物搅拌至反应结束,萃取,然后用饱和NaCl溶液洗涤有机层,干燥后浓缩,柱层析纯化,得到红色固体AEPT:
其中每3mmol EPHC加入乙腈的量优选为15-25mL,EPHC溶液与加入的N,N-二异丙基乙胺体积比优选为4:1,EPHC与2,3,4,6-四乙酰氧基-alpha-D-吡喃糖溴化物的摩尔比优选为1:3~1:4,萃取剂优选采用乙酸乙酯。
(4)将AEPT溶解于溶剂,滴加溶于甲醇的甲醇钠,搅拌至反应结束,调节pH值至7,浓缩后柱层析纯化,得到红色固体探针EPTC:
其中溶剂优选为无水甲醇与二氯甲烷的混合溶液,二者体积比优选为1:1,且每1mmol的AEPT优选使用10~12mL的溶剂,甲醇钠浓度优选为5.4mol/L,AEPT与甲醇钠的摩尔比优选为1:4.4,调节pH优选使用1mol/L HCl溶液进行调节,甲醇钠溶液的加入温度优选为-20℃。
进一步地,步骤(1)和(2)中的回流温度为45-55℃。
一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的应用,包括所述荧光探针在水体系和细胞中β-半乳糖苷酶活性检测试剂中的应用。
一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的试剂盒,包括上述EPTC荧光探针、β-gal标准品以及浓度为0.01mol/L,pH为7.4的PBS缓冲溶液。
一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的试剂盒的使用方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述β-gal标准品和所述荧光探针混合反应,得到反应产物;检测激发光下反应产物的荧光强度变化值随β-gal标准品活性的变化值,获取β-gal活性-荧光强度变化值标准曲线,得到β-gal活性-荧光强度变化值线性方程;
(2)在与所述β-gal标准品相同的检测条件下,将β-gal待测样品和所述荧光探针混合反应,得到反应产物;检测激发光下的反应产物的荧光强度变化值,代入所述β-gal活性-荧光强度变化值线性方程中,计算获得所述β-gal待测样品的活性。
进一步地,激发光波长为445nm,反应产物的发射波长为612nm。
进一步地,所述β-gal标准品或β-gal待测样品与所述荧光探针的混合反应在浓度为0.01mol/L,pH为7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中进行。
本发明所得探针的响应机理为:
荧光探针EPTC本身无荧光,当识别基团与β-gal作用后,其半乳糖分子在酶的作用下水解成羟基,从而在612nm左右发射出橙红色荧光,且随着β-gal量的增加,荧光逐渐增强。
本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明提供的荧光探针合成简单,原料易得,成本低廉,且光稳定性好,无毒,水溶性强,也具有良好的生物相容性,有利于大规模推广应用。
2.本发明提供的荧光探针具有优异的抗干扰能力,不受胰蛋白酶、还原酶、溶菌酶、酯酶、半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、还原型谷胱甘肽、过氧化氢等的影响,可用于食品、生物、化工、医药等领域中β-gal的定量分析。
3.本发明提供的荧光探针具有优异的灵敏度,其对β-gal的检测限可达0.31U/L。
4.本发明提供的荧光探针水溶性好,且最大发射波长在612nm,能较好地消除背景干扰,且穿透力较强、对细胞和组织的损伤较小,有利于细胞或组织中β-gal的检测。
附图说明
图1为实施例二的荧光探针EPTC荧光强度随β-gal浓度变化的发射光谱图;
图2为实施例二的荧光探针EPTC荧光强度随β-gal浓度变化的线性关系图;
图3为实施例三的荧光探针EPTC对β-gal的选择性图;
图4为实施例四的荧光探针EPTC在MRC5细胞内荧光共聚焦成像图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。其中,附图仅用于示例性说明,不能理解为对本专利的限制。
实施例一
本实施例为一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,合成路线如下:
(1)化合物EPH的合成
取100mL圆底烧瓶,加入EPC(7660.05mg,30mmol)和2-羟基苯乙酮(7147.88mg,52.5mmol),加入50mL甲醇,使其充分溶解,向反应体系中加入氢氧化钾(3786.75mg,67.5mmol),50℃下回流反应,TLC监测至反应结束。反应结束后,减压除去溶剂,通过柱层析法纯化粗产物,得到深红色固体EPH 2879.45mg,产率为25.7%。经核磁共振分析:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ12.92(s,1H),7.92(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.85(d,J=14.3Hz,1H),7.52–7.43(m,3H),7.38(d,J=5.9Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.02(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.94(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=7.1Hz,3H),3.12-3.10(m,2H),0.97(t,J=7.3Hz,3H)。
(2)化合物EPHC的合成
取100mL圆底烧瓶,加入EPH(2801.03mg,7.5mmol),并加入15mL甲醇使其完全溶解,再加入25mL 0.5mol/L氢氧化钠水溶液,最后缓慢添加5mL30%过氧化氢溶液。所得混合物在50℃下加热回流,反应结束后倒入冷水中。向所得混合物中加入1mol/L HCl以调节pH至2-3,并用二氯甲烷萃取。收集有机层,用无水硫酸镁干燥后在真空中浓缩得到粗产物,最后通过柱层析进一步纯化得到呈橙色固体EPHC 1252.44mg,产率为43.1%。经核磁共振分析:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.23(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),8.11(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.00(s,1H),7.68(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.57(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.40(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.14(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),7.03–6.92(m,3H),6.89(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.15-3.12(m,2H),0.99(t,J=7.3Hz,3H)。
(3)化合物AEPT的合成
取50mL圆底烧瓶,加入化合物EPHC(350mg,3mmol),加入20mL无水乙腈使其完全溶解,再加入5mL N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA)。搅拌片刻后,向反应体系中加入2,3,4,6-四乙酰氧基-alpha-D-吡喃糖溴化物(3700.79mg,9mmol),室温下搅拌过夜。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物三次,收集有机层并用饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,用无水硫酸镁干燥后在真空中浓缩得到粗产物。最后通过硅胶柱层析纯化得到红色固体AEPT 930.19mg,产率为43.2%。经核磁共振分析:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.10(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.87(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.55(t,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.21(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.16-7.14(m,2H),7.06–7.03(m,2H),6.97-6.95(m,2H),3.15-3.12(m,2H),2.20(s,3H),2.12(s,3H),2.08(s,3H),2.03(s,3H),0.99(t,J=7.3Hz,3H)。
(4)荧光探针EPTC的合成
将化合物AEPT(549.59mg,1mmol)溶于10ml无水甲醇与二氯甲烷(v:v,1:1)溶液中,在-20℃下向反应体系中滴加溶于0.81mL甲醇的甲醇钠(5.4mol/L),再将反应体系搅拌。TLC监测直至反应完成后,稀盐酸调节pH值至7。减压除去溶剂后,通过硅胶柱层析法得到红色固体状荧光探针EPTC 248.96mg,产率为45.3%。经核磁共振分析:1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.08(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.85(t,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.55(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.21(t,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.16-7.13(m,2H),7.09–7.05(m,2H),6.95-6.90(m,2H),3.64-3.59(m,1H),3.58-3.54(m,1H),3.53-3.48(m,1H),3.45-3.42(m,1H),3.15-3.12(m,2H),1.02(t,J=7.3Hz,3H).HRMS(ESI)calcd for C29H27NO8S[M+Na]+:572.5940;found573.0169。
实施例二
本实施例为荧光探针EPTC对β-gal的荧光响应实验,具体操作如下:
取荧光探针EPTC 5.50mg,小心转移至10mL容量瓶中。室温下,加入DMSO溶解并定容至10mL。上下颠倒混匀后,即得到1mmol/L的EPTC母液。取10μLEPTC母液(1mmol/L),并取不同量的β-gal母液,利用PBS缓冲溶液(10mmol/L,pH=7.4)最终配置成一系列荧光探针浓度为10μmol/L,β-gal浓度分别为0U/L、1U/L、2U/L、5U/L、10U/L、15U/L、20U/L、30U/L、50U/L、75U/L、100U/L的检测体系。孵育20min后,使用荧光分光光度计检测溶液的荧光光谱。结果如图1所示,当β-gal浓度分别为0时,荧光探针EPTC在612nm下几乎无荧光,当加入β-gal溶液时,荧光恢复,随着β-gal浓度的增加,荧光强度逐渐加强。对所得荧光光谱数据进行处理,使用Origin软件进行线性拟合,得该线性回归方程的斜率k,并通过测试十次未加入β-gal时的荧光强度值,计算其标准偏差σ。最后通过公式LOD=3σ/k计算EPTC对β-gal的检测限。结果如图2所示,可知当β-gal的浓度在0~15U/L时,探针EPTC 612nm处的荧光强度与β-gal浓度呈线性相关,回归线性方程为y=12.49402x+25.53706,线性相关系数为:0.9909,检测限为0.31U/L。表明荧光探针EPTC对β-gal响应具有优异的灵敏度。
实施例三
本实施例为荧光探针EPTC对β-gal的选择性实验,具体操作如下:
取10μL EPTC母液(1mmol/L),并取不同量的胰蛋白酶、还原酶、溶菌酶、酯酶、半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、还原型谷胱甘肽、过氧化氢和β-gal母液,利用PBS缓冲溶液(10mmol/L,pH=7.4)最终配置成一系列荧光探针浓度为10μmol/L,胰蛋白酶、还原酶、溶菌酶、酯酶、半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、还原型谷胱甘肽、过氧化氢浓度为100U/L,β-gal浓度为10U/L的检测体系,孵育20min后,使用荧光分光光度计检测溶液的荧光光谱。结果如图3所示,胰蛋白酶、还原酶、溶菌酶、酯酶、半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、还原型谷胱甘肽、过氧化氢均不能引起荧光探针612nm处荧光的明显改变,这表明荧光探针EPTC对β-gal的响应具有优异的抗干扰性。
实施例四
本实施例为荧光探针在MRC5细胞内β-gal的成像实验。
文献表明,过氧化氢是最常用的刺激物,可诱导正常细胞系的细胞衰老,并导致SA-β-gal的过度表达。因此,我们利用过氧化氢处理MRC5细胞,以建立早衰细胞模型。将MRC5细胞在400μmol/L H2O2溶液中孵育2h,然后在新鲜DMEM培养基中再培养2h。然后加入20μL EPTC母液(1mmol/L)并在37℃,5%CO2下孵育30分钟。最后,我们用PBS洗涤细胞两次后进行荧光成像。结果如图4所示,当探针与细胞中过度表达的β-gal响应后,荧光增强,可见橙红色荧光,表明荧光探针EPTC可实现细胞内β-gal的检测。
以上实施例仅供说明本发明之用,而非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化或变换,因此所有等同的技术方案也应该属于本发明的保护范围,本发明的保护范围应该由各权利要求限定。
Claims (10)
2.一种权利要求1所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将EPC、2-羟基苯乙酮和氢氧化钾溶于溶剂中,回流反应至结束,浓缩后柱层析纯化,得到深红色固体EPH,其中EPC和EPH具有以下结构式:
(2)EPH溶解于甲醇,加入氢氧化钠溶液和30%过氧化氢溶液,加热回流反应至结束后倒入冷水中;调节pH后萃取;干燥有机层浓缩,柱层析纯化,得到橙色固体EPHC,其中EPHC具有以下结构式:
(3)将EPHC溶解于无水乙腈,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺搅拌,加入2,3,4,6-四乙酰氧基-alpha-D-吡喃糖溴化物搅拌至反应结束,萃取,然后用饱和NaCl溶液洗涤有机层,干燥后浓缩,柱层析纯化,得到红色固体AEPT,其中AEPT具有以下结构式:
(4)将AEPT溶解于溶剂,滴加溶于甲醇的甲醇钠,搅拌至反应结束,调节pH值至7,浓缩后柱层析纯化,得到红色固体探针EPTC。
3.如权利要求2所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中的溶剂为甲醇或乙醇。
4.如权利要求2所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中EPC、2-羟基苯乙酮和氢氧化钾的摩尔比为1:1.75:2.25~1:2:2.5。
5.如权利要求2所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中氢氧化钠溶液与30%过氧化氢溶液体积比为4:1~6:1。
6.如权利要求2所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中的溶剂为无水甲醇与二氯甲烷的混合溶液,体积比为1:1。
7.如权利要求2所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中每1mmol的AEPT使用10~12mL的溶剂。
8.一种权利要求1所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针的应用,包括所述荧光探针在水体系和细胞中β-半乳糖苷酶活性检测试剂中的应用。
9.一种检测β-半乳糖苷酶的试剂盒,其特征在于:包括权利要求1所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的黄酮衍生物荧光探针、β-gal标准品以及浓度为0.01mol/L,pH为7.4的PBS缓冲溶液。
10.一种权利要求9所述的检测β-半乳糖苷酶的试剂盒的使用方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将所述β-gal标准品和所述荧光探针混合反应,得到反应产物;检测激发光下反应产物的荧光强度变化值随β-gal标准品活性的变化值,获取β-gal活性-荧光强度变化值标准曲线,得到β-gal活性-荧光强度变化值线性方程;
(2)在与所述β-gal标准品相同的检测条件下,将β-gal待测样品和所述荧光探针混合反应,得到反应产物;检测激发光下的反应产物的荧光强度变化值,代入所述β-gal活性-荧光强度变化值线性方程中,计算获得所述β-gal待测样品的活性。
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