CN114710990A - Construction method of saline-alkali pond ridge ecological slope - Google Patents
Construction method of saline-alkali pond ridge ecological slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN114710990A CN114710990A CN202210449763.9A CN202210449763A CN114710990A CN 114710990 A CN114710990 A CN 114710990A CN 202210449763 A CN202210449763 A CN 202210449763A CN 114710990 A CN114710990 A CN 114710990A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing an ecological slope of a pool ridge of a saline-alkali pond, which comprises the steps of digging a foundation pit, mixing soil and microorganisms, sprinkling the microorganisms for the first time, paving an organic fertilizer of the foundation pit, paving a microorganism-soil mixture, sprinkling grass seeds, sprinkling the microorganisms for the second time, planting shrubs in the foundation pit and watering and maintaining the soil. According to the invention, the saline-alkali pond ridge ecological slope is constructed by integrating technical means such as engineering reconstruction, microorganism improvement and plant planting, on one hand, saline-alkali water can be prevented from moving upwards to achieve the purpose of improving surface soil in a foundation pit precipitation mode, on the other hand, the purpose of greening the pond is achieved by combining the improvement of microorganisms on the surface soil to meet the requirement of plant planting, and the effect of reconstructing the chloride type saline-alkali pond in east China is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil reformation, and particularly relates to a construction method of a ridge ecological slope of a saline-alkali pond.
Background
Saline and alkaline land contains more soluble salinity because of in its soil, and soil pH is high, the structure is unreasonable and the surface easily hardens, is unfavorable for the planting and the growth of crop, and tolerant saline and alkaline crop is different to saline and alkaline's tolerance, though can realize the growth in saline and alkaline land, nevertheless because of the characteristic of saline and alkaline land itself, leads to the crop to grow badly on saline and alkaline land, its output that is less than ordinary soil far away. The patent literature of CN106719258A mentions: the saline-alkali water is a third water resource different from seawater and fresh water. The saline-alkali water in China is abundant in resources, the total amount is about 6.9 hundred million acres, the saline-alkali water is widely distributed in 19 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China, and the saline-alkali water tends to rise year by year. Due to the complexity and diversity of saline-alkali water quality, people and animals cannot drink the saline-alkali water, agriculture cannot be directly utilized, the development utilization rate is less than 2%, and most of saline-alkali water is in an idle state. The development of the saline-alkali water fishery not only provides a new idea for the development and utilization of unconventional water resources and the alleviation of water use contradictions, but also can effectively solve the problem of the outlet of saline-alkali water generated by saline-alkali soil treatment and transformation. The patent document with publication number CN106719258A improves saline-alkali soil and comprehensively utilizes saline-alkali water by combining field-cutting and pond planting, realizes comprehensive utilization of water in the soil improvement process, improves the economic value of land and improves the ecological environment; meanwhile, through the optimized flow channel design, water circulation is formed between the saline-alkali water and the aquaculture pond, and the neutralization effect is formed between the saline-alkali water and the acidified aquaculture pond, so that the acidity of the aquaculture pond is reduced, and the effect of killing two birds with one stone is achieved.
In the prior art, saline-alkali water is cultivated to improve saline-alkali soil, and the saline-alkali water is comprehensively utilized in the process of improving the soil. However, a leak still exists in the transformation process of the saline-alkali pond at present, namely the ridge part of the saline-alkali pond cannot be greened, so that an ecological slope cannot be constructed, because the ditch and the pond are soaked by water, saline and alkali are taken away by the water, and soil in the place where the ridge cannot be soaked is dried to form powder soil. Aiming at the problems that the saline-alkali water culture area pond is high in ridge saline-alkali degree, vascular bundle plants are difficult to plant, an ecological slope is difficult to construct and the like, the soil in the saline-alkali water culture area pond ridge area still needs to be improved and the ridge is greened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the saline-alkali water culture area pond ridge is high in salinity and alkalinity, vascular bundle plants are difficult to plant and ecological slopes are difficult to construct, the invention aims to provide a method for constructing the saline-alkali pond ridge ecological slopes, which integrates technical means such as engineering reconstruction, microorganism improvement and plant planting, improves soil of the ridge area of the saline-alkali pond and achieves the effect of greening the ridge area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for constructing an ecological slope of a pool ridge of a saline-alkali pond, which comprises the steps of digging a foundation pit, mixing soil and microorganisms, sprinkling the microorganisms for the first time, paving organic fertilizers of the foundation pit, paving a microorganism-soil mixture, sprinkling grass seeds, sprinkling the microorganisms for the second time, planting shrubs in the foundation pit and watering and maintaining the soil, and specifically comprises the following steps of:
(1) excavation of a foundation pit: carrying out grid division in a ridge region of the saline-alkali pond, digging a foundation pit at intervals of 5 meters, wherein the depth of the foundation pit is not less than 30cm, and naturally airing the dug soil;
(2) mixing soil and microorganisms: taking a special soil microbial agent or bacterium powder for EM probiotics as soil microorganisms for a saline-alkali pond, and mixing the microbial agent or bacterium powder with soil dug out of the foundation pit according to a proportion to obtain a mixture of the soil and the microorganisms;
(3) first-time sprinkling of microorganisms: respectively carrying out first-time sprinkling of the soil microbial agent or the bacteria powder special for the EM probiotics in the foundation pit and the pool ridge area of the saline-alkali pond;
(4) paving organic fertilizers in the foundation pit: organic fertilizer is spread in the foundation pit, and the thickness is not less than 10 cm;
(5) laying a microorganism-soil mixture: spreading the mixture of the soil and the microorganisms obtained in the step (2) in a ridge area of a saline-alkali pond;
(6) sprinkling grass seeds: grass seeds are splashed in the ridge area of the saline-alkali pond;
(7) and (3) secondary splashing of microorganisms: after the grass seeds are splashed, carrying out secondary microorganism splashing, and operating the same as the step (3);
(8) planting shrubs in the foundation pit: planting shrubs in the foundation pit, and backfilling soil by adopting a mixture of the soil obtained in the step (2) and microorganisms;
(9) watering and maintaining soil: and (5) watering and maintaining the backfilled soil, and performing secondary improvement on the area where the plant does not grow after two months to obtain the plant growth promoting agent.
Preferably, the effective viable count of the soil microbial agent special for the EM probiotics is not less than 2 x 108CFU/mL bacterial liquid, the effective viable count of the soil microbial powder special for EM probiotics is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/gram bacteria powder.
Preferably, in the step (2), the soil microbial agent or the microbial powder special for the EM probiotics is mixed with the soil excavated from the foundation pit according to the proportion of 10-100 ppm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the usage amount of the soil microbial agent special for EM probiotics is 1000mL of bacteria liquid per square, the usage amount of the soil microbial powder special for EM probiotics is 1000 g of bacteria powder per square, and the effective period is 2 days.
Preferably, in the step (7), the usage amount of the soil microbial agent special for EM probiotics is 1000-.
Preferably, in the step (8), the depth of the foundation pit is not less than 30cm, and the depth of the backfill soil is not less than 25 cm; more preferably, the depth of the foundation pit is 30cm, and the depth of the backfill soil is 25 cm.
The invention also provides application of the construction method of the ecological slope of the ridge of the saline-alkali pond in the modification of a chloride saline-alkali pond, in particular to a chloride saline-alkali pond in east China, because chloride saline-alkali soil is generally barren in soil and high in salt content, saline-alkali water can be prevented from moving upwards in a foundation pit precipitation mode, and meanwhile, improvement of surface soil by combining microorganisms meets the requirement of plant planting. In addition, the method for constructing the ecological slope of the pool ridge of the saline-alkali pond is suitable for being used in winter and spring, and the rainwater is more in spring and summer, so that the microbial effect is poor due to scouring. Meanwhile, the pond is high in water level in the culture peak season, and the purpose of foundation pit dewatering cannot be achieved. In addition, in seasons with more rainwater, a large amount of saline-alkali water is easily accumulated in the foundation pit, which is not favorable for the effectiveness of the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the saline-alkali pond ridge ecological slope is constructed by combining technical means of engineering reconstruction, microbial improvement, plant planting and the like to improve the soil of the saline-alkali pond ridge region, on one hand, saline-alkali water can be prevented from moving upwards to achieve the purpose of improving surface soil in a foundation pit precipitation mode, on the other hand, the purpose of greening the pond is achieved by combining the improvement of the surface soil by the microbes to meet the requirement of planting of the plants, and the saline-alkali pond ridge ecological slope has an obvious effect of reconstructing chloride type saline-alkali ponds in east China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a figure of the appearance effect of the ecological slope of the ridge of the saline-alkali pond constructed in the embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of engineering reconstruction of the saline-alkali pond in the construction method of the ecological slope of the ridge of the saline-alkali pond in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the ecological slope of the ridge of the saline-alkali pond constructed in the example.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the ecological slope of the ridge of the saline-alkali pond constructed in the embodiment. .
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, a method for constructing an ecological slope on a ridge of a saline-alkali pond is exemplarily described, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: probiotic bacteria with EMThe special soil microbial agent or bacterial powder is used as soil microbes for the saline-alkali pond, and the effective viable count of the microbial agent is not less than 2 multiplied by 108The effective viable count of the bacterial powder of the CFU/mL bacterial liquid is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/gram bacteria powder;
step 2: engineering reconstruction of a pool ridge of a saline-alkali pond comprises the steps of digging a foundation pit, mixing soil and microorganisms, splashing the microorganisms for the first time, tiling an organic fertilizer of the foundation pit, paving a microorganism-soil mixture, splashing grass seeds, splashing the microorganisms for the second time, planting shrubs in the foundation pit and watering the soil, and specifically comprises the following steps of:
(2-1) excavating a foundation pit: grid division is carried out on a pool ridge area of a saline-alkali pool to be improved, a foundation pit is dug at intervals of 5 meters, the depth of the foundation pit is not lower than 30cm, and the dug soil is naturally air-dried;
(2-2) mixing soil with microorganisms: mixing the soil microbial agent or the bacterium powder special for the EM probiotics with the soil dug out of the foundation pit according to the proportion of 10-100ppm to obtain a mixture of the soil and the microbes;
(2-3) first splashing the microorganisms: carrying out soil microbial agent or bacteria powder splashing special for EM probiotics in a saline-alkali pond ridge area to be improved, wherein the using amount of the microbial agent is 1000mL of bacteria liquid per square, and the using amount of the bacteria powder is 1000 g of bacteria powder per square;
(2-4) paving organic fertilizers in the foundation pit: spreading organic fertilizer in the foundation pit, wherein the thickness is not less than 10 cm;
(2-5) laying of microorganism-soil mixture: spreading the obtained mixture of soil and microorganisms in a ridge area of a saline-alkali pond to be improved;
(2-6) sprinkling grass seeds: sprinkling grass seeds in the pool ridge area;
(2-7) second splashing of microorganisms: sprinkling the microorganisms for the second time after the grass seeds are sprinkled, wherein the method is the same as the step (2-3), the using amount of the microbial inoculum is 1000-;
(2-8) plant planting: planting shrubs in the foundation pit, and adopting the mixture of the soil and the microorganisms obtained in the step (2-2) as backfill soil;
(2-9) watering and maintaining, and performing secondary improvement on the non-growing area of the plant after two months to obtain the plant growth regulator.
Effect example 1
The construction method of the ecological slope of the saline-alkali pond ridge in the embodiment 1 is used for modifying a chloride saline-alkali pond in a certain area in east China, on one hand, saline-alkali water can be prevented from moving upwards to achieve the purpose of improving surface soil in a foundation pit dewatering mode, on the other hand, the improvement of the surface soil by combining microorganisms meets the requirement of planting plants to achieve the purpose of pond greening, and the effect is remarkable.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for constructing an ecological slope of a pool ridge of a saline-alkali pond is characterized by comprising the steps of digging a foundation pit, mixing soil and microorganisms, splashing the microorganisms for the first time, paving organic fertilizer of the foundation pit, paving a microorganism-soil mixture, splashing grass seeds, splashing the microorganisms for the second time, planting shrubs in the foundation pit and watering and maintaining the soil, and specifically comprises the following steps of:
(1) excavation of a foundation pit: grid division is carried out in a ridge area of the saline-alkali pond, a foundation pit is dug at intervals of 5 meters, the depth of the foundation pit is not lower than 30cm, and the dug soil is naturally air-dried;
(2) mixing soil and microorganisms: taking a special soil microbial agent or bacterium powder for EM probiotics as soil microorganisms for a saline-alkali pond, and mixing the microbial agent or bacterium powder with soil dug out of the foundation pit according to a proportion to obtain a mixture of the soil and the microorganisms;
(3) first microbial sprinkling: respectively carrying out first-time sprinkling of the soil microbial agent or the bacteria powder special for the EM probiotics in the foundation pit and the pool ridge area of the saline-alkali pond;
(4) paving organic fertilizers in the foundation pit: organic fertilizer is spread in the foundation pit, and the thickness is not less than 10 cm;
(5) laying a microorganism-soil mixture: spreading the mixture of the soil and the microorganisms obtained in the step (2) in a ridge area of a saline-alkali pond;
(6) sprinkling grass seeds: grass seeds are splashed in the ridge area of the saline-alkali pond;
(7) and (3) secondary splashing of microorganisms: after the grass seeds are splashed, carrying out secondary microorganism splashing, and operating the same as the step (3);
(8) planting shrubs in the foundation pit: planting shrubs in the foundation pit, and backfilling soil by adopting a mixture of the soil obtained in the step (2) and microorganisms;
(9) watering and maintaining soil: and (5) watering and maintaining the backfilled soil, and performing secondary improvement on the area where the plant does not grow after two months to obtain the plant growth promoting agent.
2. The method for constructing the ecological slope on the ridge of the saline-alkali pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the effective viable count of the soil microbial agent special for the EM probiotics is not less than 2 x 108CFU/mL bacterial liquid, the effective viable count of the soil microbial powder special for EM probiotics is not less than 2 multiplied by 108CFU/gram bacteria powder.
3. The method for constructing the ecological slope on the ridge of the saline-alkali pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the soil microbial agent or the bacterial powder special for the EM probiotics is mixed with the soil excavated from the foundation pit according to the proportion of 10-100 ppm.
4. The method for constructing the ecological slope on the ridge of the saline-alkali pond according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the using amount of the soil microbial agent special for the EM probiotics is 1000mL of bacterial liquid per square, the using amount of the soil microbial powder special for the EM probiotics is 1000 g of bacterial powder per square, and the effective period is 2 days.
5. The method for constructing the ecological slope on the ridge of the saline-alkali pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the using amount of the soil microbial agent special for the EM probiotics is 1000-5000mL bacterial liquid/mu, and the using amount of the soil microbial powder special for the EM probiotics is 1000-5000 g bacterial powder/mu.
6. The method for constructing the ecological slope on the ridge of the saline-alkali pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (8), the depth of the foundation pit is not less than 30cm, and the depth of the backfill soil is not less than 25 cm.
7. The method for constructing the ecological slope on the ridge of the saline-alkali pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (8), the depth of the foundation pit is 30cm, and the depth of the backfill soil is 25 cm.
8. The method for constructing the ecological slope of the ridge of the saline-alkali pond as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is applied to the reconstruction of a chloride saline-alkali pond.
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