CN111675582A - Microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111675582A CN111675582A CN202010556710.8A CN202010556710A CN111675582A CN 111675582 A CN111675582 A CN 111675582A CN 202010556710 A CN202010556710 A CN 202010556710A CN 111675582 A CN111675582 A CN 111675582A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B15/00—Organic phosphatic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of microbial application. Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus coagulans, Candida utilis, cellulase, vinasse, algae, plant ash, humic acid phosphorus potassium and activated sludge powder are prepared into a microbial preparation according to the weight part ratio, and after the microbial preparation is applied to soil of saline-alkali soil, the alkalinity and the salt content of the soil are effectively reduced, and the yield of planted crops can be effectively improved. Meanwhile, the microbial preparation is simple to manufacture and use, can be directly sown without being mixed with other fertilizers, is convenient to store and transport, is low in cost, and has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microorganism application, in particular to a microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement and preparation and application thereof.
Background
The saline-alkali land in China has wide area, which occupies more than 10% of the cultivated land area, the east coast saline-alkali land is mainly caused by the action of seawater, the northern plain saline-alkali land is mainly caused by improper regulation and control of water resources and excessive irrigation, the northeast arid regions and the northwest inland arid regions are mainly caused by excessive grazing of several human beings due to natural factors, and if the saline-alkali land can be effectively improved and utilized to plant grain crops, the method has great strategic significance for improving the total grain yield in China.
At present, the measures for treating the saline-alkali soil mainly comprise the following methods: establishing a perfect irrigation and drainage system, separating irrigation and drainage, enhancing water management, strictly controlling the water level of underground water, continuously leaching and removing salt in soil by irrigation flushing, flood diversion, silt discharge and the like; improvement of agricultural technology: the soil composition and structure are improved through deep ploughing, land leveling, additional soil filling, grass covering, silt turning, sand covering, organic fertilizer application and the like, the soil permeability is enhanced, and salt leaching is accelerated; chemical improvement: modifying agents such as gypsum, black alum and the like are applied to alkaline earth, alkaline soil and soda saline soil, so that the alkaline content of the soil is reduced or eliminated, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved; biological improvement of agricultural crops: planting and turning over green manure forage grass, returning straw to the field, planting salt-tolerant plants, planting trees and forestation and the like, improving soil fertility, improving soil structure, improving field microclimate, reducing water evaporation on the ground surface, and inhibiting salt return. However, the saline-alkali soil treatment measures have the defects of serious saline-alkali soil salt return phenomenon, poor saline-alkali soil improvement effect and low speed, so that the traditional improvement mode has unobvious effect, and the existing method for applying the microbial preparation for effectively improving the saline-alkali soil has the defects that the use amount of the existing microbial preparation in the use process is small, the existing microbial preparation cannot be used as a main fertilizer in the use process, and the existing microbial preparation is often used after being mixed with other fertilizers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1-3 parts of bacillus coagulans, 3-5 parts of candida utilis, 3-5 parts of cellulase, 30-50 parts of vinasse, 30-50 parts of algae, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 2-5 parts of humic acid phosphorus potassium and 120-160 parts of active sludge powder;
the invention further optimizes the technical scheme, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: bacillus licheniformis 2, bacillus mucilaginosus 2, bacillus coagulans 2, candida utilis 4, cellulase 4, vinasse 40, algae 40, plant ash 13, humic acid phosphorus potassium 4 and active sludge powder 140;
as a further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the effective viable count of each strain in the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus coagulans and the candida utilis is more than or equal to 1 × 107CFU/g。
As further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the vinasse and the algae in parts by weight into a pulverizer for pulverizing;
s2: putting the powder obtained in the step S1 into a fermentation tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 70-100 ℃, and the fermentation time is 3 days;
s3: taking out the fermentation product in the S2 from the fermentation tank, uniformly mixing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and cellulase in parts by weight, then finishing into a fermentation pile, covering a film, naturally fermenting, monitoring the temperature of the fermentation pile, turning over the fermentation pile when the temperature of the fermentation pile is raised to 45-50 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature, and covering the film again for fermentation;
s4: when the temperature of the fermentation pile is increased to 45-50 ℃ again, turning over the fermentation pile, cooling to room temperature, and crushing;
s5: and (4) mixing the powder obtained in the step (S4) with plant ash, humic acid phosphorus potassium and active sludge powder according to the mass part ratio to obtain the microbial preparation.
As further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the application of the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement comprises the following steps:
a1: ploughing the land to be used by using a deep ploughing plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.8-1.2 m;
a2: uniformly sowing the microbial preparation on the ploughed land, and then ploughing again, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.8-1.2 m, and the ploughing times are 2-3 times;
a3: and standing the uniformly ploughed land with the microbial preparation for 6-10 days, and then sowing.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the activated sludge powder is prepared from activated sludge taken from a sewage purification aerobic section.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the algae is one or more of spirulina, ulva, codium spinulosum, gulfweed and enteromorpha.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the microbial preparation is prepared by mixing a plurality of microbial strains, and contains high viable count, so that the microbial preparation contains high-activity metabolites. Meanwhile, the microbial preparation is simple to manufacture and use, can be directly sown without being mixed with other fertilizers, is convenient to store and transport, is low in cost, and has a good application prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement comprises the following components in parts by weight:
bacillus licheniformis 1, bacillus mucilaginosus 3, bacillus coagulans 1, candida utilis 3, cellulase 5, vinasse 30, spirulina 50, plant ash 10, humic acid phosphorus potassium 5 and active sludge powder 120;
the preparation method of the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement in the embodiment is as follows:
s1: putting the vinasse and the algae in parts by weight into a pulverizer for pulverizing;
s2: putting the powder obtained in the step S1 into a fermentation tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 80 ℃, and the fermentation time is 3 days;
s3: taking out the fermentation product in the S2 from the fermentation tank, uniformly mixing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and cellulase in parts by weight, then finishing into a fermentation pile, covering a film, naturally fermenting, monitoring the temperature of the fermentation pile, turning over the fermentation pile when the temperature of the fermentation pile is raised to 45 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature, and covering the film again for fermenting;
s4: when the temperature of the fermentation pile rises to 45 ℃ again, turning over the fermentation pile, cooling to room temperature, and crushing;
s5: and (4) mixing the powder obtained in the step (S4) with plant ash, humic acid phosphorus potassium and active sludge powder according to the mass part ratio to obtain the microbial preparation.
The application method of the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement in the embodiment is as follows:
a1: ploughing the land to be used by using a deep ploughing plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.8 m;
a2: uniformly sowing the microbial preparation on the ploughed land, and then ploughing again, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.8m, and the ploughing times are 2 times;
a3: and standing the uniformly ploughed land for 6 days, and then sowing.
Example two:
a microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement comprises the following components in parts by weight:
bacillus licheniformis 3, bacillus mucilaginosus 1, bacillus coagulans 3, candida utilis 5, cellulase 3, vinasse 50, codiales 30, plant ash 15, humic acid phosphorus potassium 2 and active sludge powder 160;
the preparation method of the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement in the embodiment is as follows:
s1: putting the vinasse and the algae in parts by weight into a pulverizer for pulverizing;
s2: putting the powder obtained in the step S1 into a fermentation tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 90 ℃, and the fermentation time is 3 days;
s3: taking out the fermentation product in the S2 from the fermentation tank, uniformly mixing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and cellulase in parts by weight, then finishing into a fermentation pile, covering a film, naturally fermenting, monitoring the temperature of the fermentation pile, turning over the fermentation pile when the temperature of the fermentation pile is raised to 48 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature, and covering the film again for fermenting;
s4: when the temperature of the fermentation pile is increased to 48 ℃ again, turning over the fermentation pile, cooling to room temperature, and crushing;
s5: and (4) mixing the powder obtained in the step (S4) with plant ash, humic acid phosphorus potassium and active sludge powder according to the mass part ratio to obtain the microbial preparation.
The application method of the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement in the embodiment is as follows:
a1: ploughing the land to be used by using a deep ploughing plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 1.0 m;
a2: uniformly sowing the microbial preparation on the ploughed land, and then ploughing again, wherein the ploughing depth is 1.0m, and the ploughing times are 3 times;
a3: and standing the uniformly ploughed land with the microbial preparation for 8 days, and then sowing.
Example three:
a microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement comprises the following components in parts by weight:
bacillus licheniformis 2, bacillus mucilaginosus 2, bacillus coagulans 2, candida utilis 4, cellulase 4, vinasse 40, enteromorpha 40, plant ash 13, humic acid phosphorus potassium 4 and active sludge powder 140;
the preparation method of the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement in the embodiment is as follows:
s1: putting the vinasse and the algae in parts by weight into a pulverizer for pulverizing;
s2: putting the powder obtained in the step S1 into a fermentation tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 100 ℃, and the fermentation time is 2 days;
s3: taking out the fermentation product in the S2 from the fermentation tank, uniformly mixing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and cellulase in parts by weight, then finishing into a fermentation pile, covering a film, naturally fermenting, monitoring the temperature of the fermentation pile, turning over the fermentation pile when the temperature of the fermentation pile is raised to 50 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature, and covering the film again for fermenting;
s4: when the temperature of the fermentation pile is increased to 50 ℃ again, turning over the fermentation pile, cooling to room temperature, and crushing;
s5: and (4) mixing the powder obtained in the step (S4) with plant ash, humic acid phosphorus potassium and active sludge powder according to the mass part ratio to obtain the microbial preparation.
The application method of the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement in the embodiment is as follows:
a1: ploughing the land to be used by using a deep ploughing plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 1.2 m;
a2: uniformly sowing the microbial preparation on the ploughed land, and then ploughing again, wherein the ploughing depth is 1.2m, and the ploughing times are 3 times;
a3: and standing the uniformly ploughed land with the microbial preparation for 10 days, and then sowing.
The inventor carries out antagonism tests on the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus coagulans and the candida utilis which are related in the above embodiments, and proves that no antagonism is generated between every two strains, which indicates that the strains can be symbiotic.
Example four:
the compound reagent without microbial strains comprises the following components in parts by weight:
cellulase 4, vinasse 40, enteromorpha 40, plant ash 13, humic acid phosphorus potassium 4 and active sludge powder 140;
in the fourth embodiment, the method for preparing the complex reagent not containing microbial strains comprises the following steps:
s1: putting the vinasse and the algae in parts by weight into a pulverizer for pulverizing;
s2: putting the powder obtained in the step S1 into a fermentation tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 100 ℃, and the fermentation time is 2 days;
s3: taking out the fermented product in the S2 from the fermentation tank, finishing the fermented product into a fermentation pile, covering a film for natural fermentation, monitoring the temperature of the fermentation pile, turning over the fermentation pile when the temperature of the fermentation pile is raised to 50 ℃, cooling the fermentation pile to normal temperature, and then covering the film for fermentation again;
s4: when the temperature of the fermentation pile is increased to 50 ℃ again, turning over the fermentation pile, cooling to room temperature, and crushing;
s5: and (3) mixing the powder obtained in the step (S4) with plant ash, humic acid phosphorus potassium and activated sludge powder according to the mass part ratio to obtain the fertilizer.
Example four the use of a complex reagent that does not contain microbial species, comprising the steps of:
a1: ploughing the land to be used by using a deep ploughing plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 1.2 m;
a2: uniformly sowing the compound reagent without the microbial strains on the ploughed land, then ploughing again, wherein the ploughing depth is 1.2m, and the ploughing times are 3 times;
a3: and standing the uniformly ploughed land with the composite reagent containing no microbial strains for 10 days, and then sowing.
The application case is as follows:
the tomato community test using the microbial preparation for improving the saline-alkali soil is carried out in a greenhouse built in the saline-alkali soil in the central sub-street district in the middle of the coastal economic development area of the Weifang city, the soil in the greenhouse is sandy soil, the proportion of fine powder and sand is high, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity is poor.
The tomato variety is Anhui powder No. 2, the test is divided into four groups, and each group is respectively provided with three areas for repeated test. The reagents in the four examples were applied to four test groups, and a protective row was provided between each test group and each test zone. Before planting, detecting the salt content (%) and pH in each group of land soil, counting the average acre yield of each group after the fruits are ripe, and detecting the salt content (%) and pH in each group of land soil again.
The test data for each test group is shown in the following table:
the data show that the microbial preparation for improving the saline-alkali soil can effectively reduce the pH value and the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil and greatly improve the yield of tomatoes in the saline-alkali soil.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art; where combinations of features are mutually inconsistent or impractical, such combinations should not be considered as being absent and not within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (7)
1. A microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement is characterized in that: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 1-3 parts of bacillus mucilaginosus, 1-3 parts of bacillus coagulans, 3-5 parts of candida utilis, 3-5 parts of cellulase, 30-50 parts of vinasse, 30-50 parts of algae, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 2-5 parts of humic acid phosphorus potassium and 120-160 parts of active sludge powder.
2. The microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: bacillus licheniformis 2, bacillus mucilaginosus 2, bacillus coagulans 2, candida utilis 4, cellulase 4, vinasse 40, algae 40, plant ash 13, humic acid phosphorus potassium 4 and active sludge powder 140.
3. the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the effective viable count of each strain of the bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus mucilaginosus, the bacillus coagulans and the candida utilis is more than or equal to 1 × 107CFU/g。
4. The method for preparing the microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement according to any one of claims 1-2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: putting the vinasse and the algae in parts by weight into a pulverizer for pulverizing;
s2: putting the powder obtained in the step S1 into a fermentation tank for fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 70-100 ℃, and the fermentation time is 3 days;
s3: taking out the fermentation product in the S2 from the fermentation tank, uniformly mixing bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and cellulase in parts by weight, then finishing into a fermentation pile, covering a film, naturally fermenting, monitoring the temperature of the fermentation pile, turning over the fermentation pile when the temperature of the fermentation pile is raised to 45-50 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature, and covering the film again for fermentation;
s4: when the temperature of the fermentation pile is increased to 45-50 ℃ again, turning over the fermentation pile, cooling to room temperature, and crushing;
s5: and (4) mixing the powder obtained in the step (S4) with plant ash, humic acid phosphorus potassium and active sludge powder according to the mass part ratio to obtain the microbial preparation.
5. Use of a microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
a1: ploughing the land to be used by using a deep ploughing plough, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.8-1.2 m;
a2: uniformly sowing the microbial preparation on the ploughed land, and then ploughing again, wherein the ploughing depth is 0.8-1.2 m, and the ploughing times are 2-3 times;
a3: and standing the uniformly ploughed land with the microbial preparation for 6-10 days, and then sowing.
6. The microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the activated sludge powder is prepared from activated sludge taken from a sewage purification aerobic section.
7. The microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the algae is one or more of Spirulina, Ulva, Codium juniperi, Sargassum, and Enteromorpha.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010556710.8A CN111675582A (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | Microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement and preparation and application thereof |
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| CN202010556710.8A CN111675582A (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-18 | Microbial preparation for saline-alkali soil improvement and preparation and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112913369A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-08 | 东北农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling alkalization of sunshine greenhouse planting soil salt |
| CN117136662A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2023-12-01 | 何春远 | Biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-06-18 CN CN202010556710.8A patent/CN111675582A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117136662A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2023-12-01 | 何春远 | Biological straw farmland improvement method and application thereof |
| CN112913369A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-08 | 东北农业大学 | Method for preventing and controlling alkalization of sunshine greenhouse planting soil salt |
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