CN114710988A - Saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device which comprises a frame, wherein a cylinder is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected with a first mounting frame, a first crushing wheel is rotatably supported on the first mounting frame, a second mounting frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame, a second crushing wheel is rotatably supported on the second mounting frame, and a water tank and a chemical tank are placed on the frame; a method for improving, covering and soaking saline-alkali soil. The first crushing wheel is used for crushing the shallow layer of the saline-alkali soil, so that the crushing difficulty of the second crushing wheel can be reduced, the resistance on the second crushing wheel during rotation is reduced, the structure of the second crushing wheel is protected, the shallow layer of the saline-alkali soil can be crushed more thoroughly, and the permeation of an improvement reagent and water to deep soil is promoted; when the high-pressure nozzle periodically swings, the deep soil on the front side of the second crushing wheel can be infiltrated by the high-speed water flow, and the difficulty in turning the soil is reduced.

Description

Saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device and an operation method thereof.

Background

Saline-alkali soil is a general name of saline soil and alkaline earth, when the salinity and alkalinity of the soil is too high, roots of plants cannot absorb nutrients and moisture in the soil, meanwhile, the soil is poor, the fertility of the soil is reduced, natural disasters such as drought or sand blown are easily caused, the saline-alkali soil treatment method comprises methods of permeability improvement, drip washing improvement, sand doping improvement and the like, but a conventional covering and leaching device only has a single drip irrigation function, and because the soil hardening of the saline-alkali soil is serious, the downward water flow permeation speed is low in the initial drip irrigation stage, a large amount of time is consumed for improving the saline-alkali soil by adopting a drip irrigation mode, and therefore, the saline-alkali soil improvement covering and leaching device and the operation method thereof are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the conventional covering and pickling device in the prior art only has a single drip irrigation function, the downward permeation speed of water flow is low in the initial drip irrigation stage, and a large amount of time is consumed for improving saline-alkali soil in a drip irrigation mode, and provides the saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device and the operation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a saline-alkali soil improvement covering and immersion cleaning device comprises a frame, wherein a cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame, a first mounting frame is fixedly connected with the output end of the cylinder, a first crushing wheel is rotatably supported on the first mounting frame, a second mounting frame is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame, a second crushing wheel is rotatably supported on the second mounting frame, a water tank and a medicament box are placed on the frame, a drip irrigation mechanism and an infiltration mechanism are arranged below the frame, the infiltration mechanism comprises a hoisting support fixedly connected with the frame, an arc-shaped slide rail is fixedly supported on the hoisting support, two slide seats are sleeved on the arc-shaped slide rail, high-pressure spray heads are fixed on the two slide seats, a reduction gear is rotatably arranged on the frame, a transmission rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with the reduction gear, an explosion-proof shell is fixed at the other end of the transmission rod, and a pressure pump is installed on the explosion-proof shell, the two high-pressure nozzles are communicated with the output end of the pressure pump, an installation cavity and a longitudinal cavity which are communicated with each other are formed in the frame, a linkage mechanism is arranged in the installation cavity, and an auxiliary ground loosening mechanism is arranged in the longitudinal cavity.

Further, drip irrigation mechanism includes the mixing box, the mixing box inside callipers is equipped with the filter screen, and the filter screen is the ascending arc of opening, the bottom intercommunication of mixing box has a plurality of drippings to irritate the mouth, the pharmaceutical tank intercommunication has the hollow tube, the top intercommunication of mixing box has the elbow, and is equipped with the counter between hollow tube and the elbow.

Further, sealing connection has the bellows between the input of water tank and force (forcing) pump, sealing connection has the hose between water tank and the mixing box, the water valve is all installed to hose and bellows and the junction of water tank.

Furthermore, be fixed with driving motor on the frame, driving motor's output shaft interference fit has the driving gear, and driving gear and reduction gear meshing transmission, link gear is including the band pulley that rotates the setting, and coaxial fixedly connected with round axle between reduction gear and the band pulley, still rotate in the installation cavity and be provided with drive gear, the common tensioning has the belt on band pulley and the drive gear.

Further, supplementary loose ground mechanism is including spouting the generator and the shower head of fixed mounting in spouting the generator below of exploding, the upper portion cover of spouting the generator is equipped with protecting sheathing, be equipped with the guide rail on the inside wall of vertical cavity, one side that protecting sheathing deviates from the installation cavity is through slide and guide rail sliding connection, protecting sheathing is towards the fixed pinion rack that is provided with in one side of installation cavity, and pinion rack meshes with drive gear mutually.

Furthermore, the spray head is in an inverted pointed cone shape, and a plurality of airflow holes are formed in the lower portion of the spray head.

A saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling operation method adopts the saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device and mainly comprises the following steps:

s1, feeding: adding a proper amount of clear water into the water tank, and adding a sufficient amount of improvement reagent into the reagent tank;

s2, shallow layer crushing: the cylinder pushes the first mounting frame to descend to a proper position, and the first crushing wheel crushes a shallow region of the saline-alkali soil when rotating;

s3, drip irrigation and immersion washing: the improvement reagent in the reagent box quantitatively falls into the mixing box through a meter, meanwhile, clear water in the water tank enters the mixing box through a hose and is mixed with the improvement reagent, and the solution in the mixing box is used for washing the saline-alkali soil through a drip irrigation nozzle;

s4, deep crushing: when the second crushing wheel rotates, the deep layer area of the saline-alkali soil is crushed, soil hardening is improved, and downward penetration of an improvement reagent is promoted;

s5, soil infiltration: the high-pressure spray head slides back and forth along the arc-shaped slide rail, and clean water is pressurized by the pressurizing pump and then sprayed out from the high-pressure spray head to the front side of the second crushing wheel at a high speed to impact hardened soil and accelerate infiltration of the hardened soil;

s6, soil deep loosening: the protective shell drives the spray explosion generator to periodically move downwards, so that the spray head is periodically inserted into deep soil, the spray explosion generator is synchronously switched on and off, and soil hardening is broken through air flow impact;

s7, detection: and (4) testing the saline-alkali concentration by utilizing a saline-alkali sensor.

The invention has the following advantages: the shallow layer of the saline-alkali soil is crushed through the first crushing wheel, so that the crushing difficulty of the second crushing wheel can be reduced, the resistance on the second crushing wheel during rotation is reduced, the structure of the second crushing wheel is protected, the shallow layer of the saline-alkali soil can be crushed more thoroughly, and the permeation of an improvement reagent and water to the deep soil is promoted; when the high-pressure nozzle periodically swings, the high-speed water flow can infiltrate the deep soil on the front side of the second crushing wheel, the difficulty in turning the soil is reduced, and the clear water can drive the improving reagent to permeate downwards; when the spray explosion generator moves to the lowest position, the injection head is inserted into the soil, high-pressure air produced by the spray explosion generator can be sprayed out of the soil through the injection head, the soil hardening is broken through the impact of high-pressure air flow, and when the spray explosion generator is not at the lowest position, the spray explosion generator is in a closed state.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a drip irrigation mechanism and an infiltration mechanism in the saline-alkali soil improvement covering and immersion cleaning device provided by the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the installation chamber and the longitudinal chamber in the saline-alkali soil reclamation covering and pickling apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mixing box in the saline-alkali soil reclamation covering and pickling apparatus according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an arc-shaped slide rail in the saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device provided by the invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, a cylinder 2, a first mounting frame 3, a first crushing wheel 4, a second mounting frame 5, a second crushing wheel 6, a hoisting support 7, an arc-shaped sliding rail 8, a 9-jet head, a 10-water tank, a 11-chemical box 12, a hollow pipe 12, a meter 13, a 14-elbow, a 15-hose, a 16-filter screen, a 17-drip irrigation nozzle, a 18-mixing box, a 19-sliding seat, a 20-high-pressure-jet head, an explosion-proof shell 21, a 22-pressure pump, a 23-corrugated pipe, a 24-water valve, a 25-driving motor, a 26-driving gear, a 27-reduction gear, a 28-transmission rod, a 29-mounting chamber, a 30-longitudinal chamber, a 31-circular shaft, a 32-belt wheel, a 33-belt, a 34-transmission gear, a 35-toothed plate, a 36-protection shell, a 37-guide rail and a 38-blast generator.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-5, a saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device comprises a frame 1, a cylinder 2 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame 1, a first mounting frame 3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 2, a first crushing wheel 4 is rotatably supported on the first mounting frame 3, a second mounting frame 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, a second crushing wheel 6 is rotatably supported on the second mounting frame 5, a device for driving the first crushing wheel 4 and the second crushing wheel 6 to rotate is the prior art, the device is not shown for simplifying and clarifying the drawing, a water tank 10 and a reagent tank 11 are placed on the frame 1, the reagent tank 11 is used for containing improvement reagents, the types of the improvement reagents are selected according to the actual drip irrigation condition of the saline-alkali soil, a mechanism and a soaking mechanism are arranged below the frame 1, the soaking mechanism comprises a hoisting support 7 fixedly connected with the frame 1, the hoisting support 7 is fixedly supported with an arc-shaped slide rail 8, the arc-shaped slide rail 8 is sleeved with two slide seats 19, the two slide seats 19 are respectively and fixedly provided with a high-pressure spray nozzle 20, the frame 1 is provided with a reduction gear 27 in a rotating manner, the reduction gear 27 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a transmission rod 28, the other end of the transmission rod 28 is fixedly provided with an explosion-proof shell 21, the explosion-proof shell 21 is provided with a pressure pump 22, the two high-pressure spray nozzles 20 are respectively communicated with the output end of the pressure pump 22, the frame 1 is internally provided with an installation cavity 29 and a longitudinal cavity 30 which are mutually communicated, the installation cavity 29 is internally provided with a linkage mechanism, and the longitudinal cavity 30 is internally provided with an auxiliary ground loosening mechanism.

The drip irrigation mechanism comprises a mixing box 18, a filter screen 16 is clamped in the mixing box 18, the filter screen 16 is in an arc shape with an upward opening, the bottom of the mixing box 18 is communicated with a plurality of drip irrigation nozzles 17, a medicament box 11 is communicated with a hollow pipe 12, an elbow 14 is communicated above the mixing box 18, a meter 13 is arranged between the hollow pipe 12 and the elbow 14, and the meter 13 can control the adding amount of the improved reagent.

The bellows 23 is connected between the input ends of the water tank 10 and the pressure pump 22 in a sealing manner, the bellows 23 has certain elasticity and expansion amount, the hose 15 is connected between the water tank 10 and the mixing tank 18 in a sealing manner, the water valves 24 are installed at the connection parts of the hose 15, the bellows 23 and the water tank 10, the improved reagent falling from the elbow 14 is close to the middle part of the filter screen 16, and the clean water flowing out of the hose 15 can directly contact with the improved reagent after falling, so that the integration of the two is promoted.

A driving motor 25 is fixed on the frame 1, an output shaft of the driving motor 25 is in interference fit with a driving gear 26, the driving gear 26 is in meshing transmission with a reduction gear 27, a linkage mechanism comprises a belt wheel 32 which is rotatably arranged, a round shaft 31 is coaxially and fixedly connected between the reduction gear 27 and the belt wheel 32, a transmission gear 34 is further rotatably arranged in the installation cavity 29, and a belt 33 is jointly tensioned on the belt wheel 32 and the transmission gear 34.

Supplementary loose ground mechanism is including spouting explosion generator 38 and the injection head 9 of fixed mounting in spouting explosion generator 38 below, the upper portion cover of spouting explosion generator 38 is equipped with protective housing 36, be equipped with guide rail 37 on the inside wall of vertical cavity 30, protective housing 36 deviates from one side of installation cavity 29 and passes through slide and guide rail 37 sliding connection, protective housing 36 is towards one side fixed being provided with pinion rack 35 of installation cavity 29, and pinion rack 35 meshes with drive gear 34 mutually, as shown in fig. 3, during initial condition, drive gear 34 is close to the lower part of pinion rack 35.

The injector head 9 is an inverted pointed cone, and a plurality of airflow holes are formed in the lower part of the injector head 9, so that the conical structure can reduce the resistance of the injector head 9 when the injector head is inserted into deep soil.

The saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device also relates to a saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling operation method, which mainly comprises the following steps:

s1, feeding: adding a proper amount of clear water into the water tank 10, and adding a sufficient amount of improvement reagent into the chemical tank 11;

s2, shallow layer crushing: the cylinder 2 pushes the first mounting frame 3 to descend to a proper position, and the first crushing wheel 4 crushes a shallow region of the saline-alkali soil when rotating;

s3, drip irrigation and immersion washing: the improvement reagent in the chemical box 11 quantitatively falls into a mixing box 18 through a meter 13, meanwhile, clear water in the water box 10 enters the mixing box 18 through a hose 15 and is mixed with the improvement reagent, and a solution in the mixing box 18 soaks the saline-alkali soil through a drip irrigation nozzle 17;

s4, deep crushing: the crushing depth of the second crushing wheel 6 is greater than that of the first crushing wheel 4, and the second crushing wheel 6 crushes the deep layer area of the saline-alkali soil when rotating, so that soil hardening is improved, and downward permeation of an improvement reagent is promoted;

s5, soil infiltration: the high-pressure spray head 20 slides back and forth along the arc-shaped slide rail 8, and meanwhile, clear water is pressurized by the pressurizing pump 22 and then is sprayed out at high speed from the high-pressure spray head 20 to the front side of the second crushing wheel 6 to impact hardened soil and accelerate infiltration of the hardened soil;

s6, soil deep loosening: the protective shell 36 drives the spray explosion generator 38 to move downwards periodically, so that the spray head 9 is inserted into deep soil periodically, the spray explosion generator 38 is switched on and off synchronously, and soil hardening is broken through air flow impact;

s7, detection: and (4) testing the saline-alkali concentration by utilizing a saline-alkali sensor.

When the device is used, the saline-alkali soil shallow layer is firstly crushed by the first crushing wheel 4, the crushing difficulty of the second crushing wheel 6 can be reduced, the resistance force applied when the second crushing wheel 6 rotates is reduced, the structure of the second crushing wheel 6 is protected, the saline-alkali soil shallow layer can be crushed more thoroughly, the permeation of an improvement reagent and water to deep soil is promoted, the improvement reagent in the reagent box 11 quantitatively falls into the mixing box 18 through the meter 13 in the walking process of the frame 1, the improvement reagent is close to the middle part of the filter screen 16, clear water flowing out of the hose 15 can be directly contacted with the improvement reagent after falling, the fusion of the improvement reagent and the mixing box is promoted, the solution in the mixing box 18 is used for soaking the saline-alkali soil through the drip irrigation nozzle 17, and the salinity and alkalinity is reduced;

the driving motor 25 is a reciprocating motor, when the high-pressure nozzle 20 periodically swings, high-speed water flow can infiltrate deep soil on the front side of the second crushing wheel 6, the difficulty in turning the ground is reduced, clear water can drive the improvement reagent to permeate downwards, meanwhile, the circular shaft 31 coaxially connected with the reduction gear 27 can also drive the belt wheel 32 to rotate, the toothed plate 35 meshed with the transmission gear 34 can drive the spray explosion generator 38 to move through the protective shell 36, when the spray explosion generator 38 moves to the lowest position, the injection head 9 is inserted into the soil, at the moment, high-pressure air made by the spray explosion generator 38 can be sprayed into the soil through the injection head 9, the soil hardening is broken through high-pressure air flow impact, and when the spray explosion generator 38 is not at the lowest position, the spray explosion generator is in a closed state;

it should be noted that the water valve 24 connected to the bellows 23 may be an electromagnetic valve, and is controlled by a common single chip, and can be periodically opened in cooperation with the rotation of the high-pressure nozzle 20, so as to prevent the high-speed water from continuously spraying outwards, which results in excessive consumption of the clean water in the water tank 10.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a saline and alkaline land improvement covers and soaks device, includes frame (1), its characterized in that, the bottom fixed mounting of frame (1) has cylinder (2), the first mounting bracket of output fixedly connected with (3) of cylinder (2), and rotate on first mounting bracket (3) and support and have first broken wheel (4), the bottom of frame (1) is fixed to be equipped with second mounting bracket (5), and rotates on second mounting bracket (5) and support and have second broken wheel (6), water tank (10) and medicament case (11) have been placed on frame (1), the below of frame (1) is equipped with drips irrigation mechanism and infiltration mechanism, infiltration mechanism includes hoisting support (7) fixed with frame (1) and links to each other, hoisting support (7) fixed support has arc slide rail (8), the cover is equipped with two sliding seats (19) on arc slide rail (8), and all be fixed with high pressure nozzle (20) on two sliding seat (19), it is equipped with reduction gear (27) to rotate on frame (1), reduction gear (27) coaxial fixedly connected with transfer line (28), and the other end of transfer line (28) is fixed with explosion-proof housing (21), install force (forcing) pump (22) on explosion-proof housing (21), two high pressure nozzle (20) all are linked together with the output of force (forcing) pump (22), set up installation cavity (29) and vertical cavity (30) that communicate each other in frame (1), be equipped with link gear in installation cavity (29), be equipped with supplementary loose ground mechanism in vertical cavity (30).

2. The saline-alkali soil improvement covering and washing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drip irrigation mechanism comprises a mixing box (18), a filter screen (16) is clamped in the mixing box (18), the filter screen (16) is in an arc shape with an upward opening, the bottom of the mixing box (18) is communicated with a plurality of drip irrigation nozzles (17), the chemical box (11) is communicated with a hollow pipe (12), an elbow (14) is communicated above the mixing box (18), and a meter (13) is arranged between the hollow pipe (12) and the elbow (14).

3. The device for improving the covering and washing of the saline-alkali soil according to the claim 2 is characterized in that a corrugated pipe (23) is connected between the water tank (10) and the input end of the pressure pump (22) in a sealing manner, a hose (15) is connected between the water tank (10) and the mixing box (18) in a sealing manner, and water valves (24) are installed at the joints of the hose (15) and the corrugated pipe (23) and the water tank (10).

4. The saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device according to claim 3, characterized in that a driving motor (25) is fixed on the frame (1), an output shaft of the driving motor (25) is in interference fit with a driving gear (26), the driving gear (26) is in meshing transmission with a reduction gear (27), the linkage mechanism comprises a belt wheel (32) which is rotatably arranged, a round shaft (31) is coaxially and fixedly connected between the reduction gear (27) and the belt wheel (32), a transmission gear (34) is further rotatably arranged in the installation chamber (29), and a belt (33) is jointly tensioned on the belt wheel (32) and the transmission gear (34).

5. The saline-alkali soil improvement covers pickling device of claim 4, characterized in that, supplementary loose ground mechanism includes spouts explode generator (38) and fixed mounting and spouts injector head (9) of exploding generator (38) below, the upper portion cover that spouts explode generator (38) is equipped with protective housing (36), be equipped with guide rail (37) on the inside wall of vertical cavity (30), slide and guide rail (37) sliding connection are passed through to one side that protective housing (36) deviates from installation cavity (29), protective housing (36) is towards one side fixed pinion rack (35) that is provided with of installation cavity (29), and pinion rack (35) mesh with drive gear (34).

6. The saline-alkali soil improvement coverage washing device according to claim 5, wherein the spray head (9) is of an inverted pointed cone shape, and a plurality of air flow holes are formed at the lower part of the spray head (9).

7. A saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling operation method is characterized in that the method adopts the saline-alkali soil improvement covering and pickling device as claimed in claim 6, and mainly comprises the following steps:

s1, feeding: adding a proper amount of clear water into the water tank (10), and adding a sufficient amount of improvement reagent into the chemical tank (11);

s2, shallow layer crushing: the cylinder (2) pushes the first mounting frame (3) to descend to a proper position, and the first crushing wheel (4) crushes a shallow region of the saline-alkali soil when rotating;

s3, drip irrigation and immersion washing: the improvement reagent in the chemical box (11) quantitatively falls into a mixing box (18) through a meter (13), meanwhile, clear water in a water tank (10) enters the mixing box (18) through a hose (15) and is mixed with the improvement reagent, and a solution in the mixing box (18) is used for washing the saline-alkali soil through a drip irrigation nozzle (17);

s4, deep crushing: when the second crushing wheel (6) rotates, the deep layer area of the saline-alkali soil is crushed, soil hardening is improved, and downward penetration of an improvement reagent is promoted;

s5, soil infiltration: the high-pressure spray head (20) slides back and forth along the arc-shaped slide rail (8), and meanwhile, clear water is pressurized by the pressurizing pump (22) and then is sprayed out at high speed from the high-pressure spray head (20) to the front side of the second crushing wheel (6) to impact hardened soil and accelerate infiltration of the hardened soil;

s6, soil deep loosening: the protective shell (36) drives the spray explosion generator (38) to move downwards periodically, so that the spray head (9) is inserted into deep soil periodically, the spray explosion generator (38) is switched on and off synchronously, and soil hardening is broken through air flow impact;

s7, detection: and (4) testing the saline-alkali concentration by utilizing a saline-alkali sensor.

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