CN114705742B - 一种基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构及其应用 - Google Patents
一种基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构及其应用,通过四醛基苯基卟啉、(2,4,6‑三丁氧基苯‑1,3,5‑三)三甲胺氯仿溶液、醋酸锌甲醇溶液反应制备得到锌卟啉有机笼;将含有一定浓度的锌卟啉有机笼、磷脂和胆固醇氯仿溶液,滴加在电极表面并挥干溶剂获得仿生膜结构。将统计所得发光强度与发光体和膜溶液浓度相关联,得到最适发光条件。本发明电化学发光的设备简单,操作简便,可以方便地检测出光强随反应物的浓度变化趋势;利用电致化学发光检测,可通过调节电势将反应初始条件、速度和历程予以控制,方便地进行原位、现场分析;适用于蜂毒肽检测。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于物化分析技术领域,尤其涉及一种基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构及其应用。
背景技术
细胞是构成一切生命活动结构与功能的基本单位,细胞膜是由磷脂分子自组装形成的脂双层膜,在维持细胞内部环境和生理信号传输等方面具有重要作用。细胞维持正常的生理活动需要不断与外界进行物质交换,具有跨膜输送功能的膜蛋白在这一过程中发挥着关键作用。天然的膜蛋白在跨膜转运过程中具有较高的输送效率和选择性,是活体细胞进行新陈代谢活动、不断地与周围环境进行物质交换的重要途径。随着分子生物学、膜片钳技术的发展,人们对离子通道的分子结构及特性有了更加深入的认识,并发现离子通道的功能、结构异常与许多疾病的发生和发展有关,如钾离子、钠离子通道病等,是许多药物作用的靶点。于是科研人员可以利用能够影响离子通道活性的药物来治疗某些疾病,并进一步利用相关知识指导相关新药的设计合成。因此,深入了解离子通道的结构与功能,对于深入探讨某些疾病的病理机制、早期诊断及发现特异性治疗药物或措施等具有重要意义。
但由于其结构复杂且一旦离开生物膜便容易失去活性,因此,目前对膜蛋白的结构解析及物质跨膜输送的机制研究还不深入。为了对跨膜输送的机制进行研究,近些年来,化学工作者以天然小分子通道为模型设计合成了种类繁多的人工通道体系,并开发出了一系列基于离子通道的光学传感器和电化学传感器,将其应用于离子检测、蛋白质、以及DNA和RNA等检测方面。由于电化学传感技术具有灵敏度高、成本低、操作简单和易于小型化等特点,目前基于离子通道的电化学传感技术已成为化学传感领域的研究热点。Umezawa等最早将离子通道引入电化学传感领域,实现了Ca2+、Mg2+和Ba2+等多种无机离子的检测。Gyurcsanyi等将肽-核酸功能化的离子通道与离子选择性电极相结合,实现了miRNA的电位检测。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供一种基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构及其应用。本发明能够通过电化学发光方法可靠地、高灵敏度地检测蜂毒肽。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的:一种基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构,其构建方法包括:由一定浓度的锌卟啉有机笼、磷脂和胆固醇氯仿溶液,滴加在电极表面并挥干溶剂获得。
进一步地,锌卟啉有机笼浓度为10~30μM,溶剂为氯仿。
进一步地,锌卟啉有机笼通过5mM醋酸锌甲醇溶液,与卟啉有机笼溶液体积比为1:1混合,在烧瓶中室温搅拌2天,用配置好的饱和食盐水萃取三次烘干获得。
进一步地,卟啉有机笼通过将四醛基苯基卟啉和(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺按摩尔比3:4加入氯仿中,滴加1~2滴三氟乙酸,在氮气氛围下搅拌一定时间,将反应后溶液,依次用饱和食盐水溶液、碳酸钾溶液、饱和氯化铵溶液,进行萃取得到。
进一步地,磷脂浓度为1~4g/L;胆固醇浓度范围为0~2g/L。所选磷脂为棕榈酰油酰磷脂酰胆碱或二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱,或(2,3-二油酰基-丙基)-三甲基氯化铵;溶剂为氯仿。
一种上述基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构,应用于电致化学发光检测蜂毒肽,包括:
以玻碳电极为工作电极,Ag/AgCl电极为参比电极,含0.3M氯化钾pH为7.4的10mMHEPES作为电解液,将锌卟啉有机笼、磷脂和胆固醇混合溶液5~20μL滴加在电极表面,挥干溶剂获得仿生膜结构。仿生膜结构中锌卟啉有机笼作为ECL发光体,测得含不同浓度蜂毒肽的电解液中的电致化学发光强度,计算得到电致化学发光强度与蜂毒肽的关系曲线。
在相同条件下测得待测样品的电致化学发光强度,通过电致化学发光强度与蜂毒肽浓度的关系曲线,获得对应的蜂毒肽浓度。
本发明的有益效果如下:
(1)本发所提供基于锌卟啉有机笼的构建方法,简单易行,所制备的锌卟啉有机笼,具有良好的电化学发光性能,仿生膜易于与检测物作用;
(2)本发明电化学发光的设备简单,操作简便,可以方便地检测出光强随反应物的浓度变化趋势;
(3)本发明利用电致化学发光检测,可通过调节电势将反应初始条件、速度和历程予以控制,方便地进行原位分析和现场分析;
(4)本发明适用于蜂毒肽检测。
附图说明
图1为锌卟啉有机笼合成示意图;其中,卟啉与(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺之间为席夫碱;
图2为卟啉有机笼、锌卟啉有机笼、四醛基苯基卟啉、(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺的紫外及荧光谱图;其中,(A)为紫外光谱图,(B)为荧光光谱图;
图3为四醛基苯基卟啉、(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺、卟啉有机笼的核磁氢谱;其中,(A)为四醛基苯基卟啉,(B)为(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺,(C)为卟啉有机笼;
图4为基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构的CV和光强电位图;其中,(A)为CV曲线,(B)为光强电位图;
图5为基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构的光强时间图;
图6为缓冲液中加入蜂毒肽,改变蜂毒肽浓度从1~100μM的发光强度变化所拟合成的关系曲线示意图;拟合方程为y=a+bx,其中a=9828.36963±299.84413,b=-95.12459±9.61116,R2=0.961。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例和附图对本发明做进一步详述。
本发明一种基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构及其应用,具体涉及仿生膜组成成分及通过四醛基苯基卟啉(5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphine,简称TFPP)、(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺、醋酸锌制备锌卟啉有机笼。在相同条件下测得待测样品的电致化学发光强度,通过电致化学发光强度与蜂毒肽浓度的关系曲线获得对应的蜂毒肽浓度。
四醛基苯基卟啉的化学式如下:
(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺的化学式如下:
下述实施例中,仿生膜结构由一定浓度的锌卟啉有机笼、磷脂和胆固醇氯仿溶液,滴加在电极表面并挥干溶剂获得所述的锌卟啉有机笼是利用席夫碱反应制备。将四醛基苯基卟啉和(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺,加入氯仿中,在氮气氛围下搅拌14h,通过萃取,得到卟啉有机笼溶液;随后,将卟啉有机笼溶液和醋酸锌,反应2天,萃取,得到锌卟啉有机笼。
下述实施例中,采用的检测系统为ECL发光仪,所述的ECL发光仪参数包括ECL光电倍增管(PMT)偏压为-900V和-800V,放大级数为3级,扫描速率为0.1V/s,扫描电位为-1.5~0V。记录下的数据传输到计算机上处理分析,具体分析方法如下:选择稳定区域的发光强度,扣除背景并取平均值;再以蜂毒肽浓度为自变量,用OriginPro 8.5软件处理。
实施例1:锌卟啉有机笼的合成
如图1所示,在50ml的烧瓶中加入27mg四醛基苯基卟啉、18mg(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺溶于20ml氯仿溶液中,滴加1~2滴三氟乙酸,在氮气氛围下室温搅拌14h,将反应后溶液移入分液漏斗。依次用配置好的饱和食盐水溶液、碳酸钾溶液、饱和氯化铵溶液,进行萃取,得到卟啉有机笼溶液。产物相关核磁表征如图3所示,图中d位置醛基H的减少以及e和f位置H的保留及分裂证明成功合成卟啉有机笼。配置5mM醋酸锌甲醇溶液,与卟啉有机笼溶液体积比为1:1混合,在烧瓶中室温搅拌2天,用配置好的饱和食盐水萃取三次烘干溶剂锌卟啉有机笼。图2(A)峰的偏移及图2(B)中425nm附近峰位置的偏移及信号强度变化证明锌卟啉有机笼成功合成。
实施例2:基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构电化学发光
(1)用Al2O3抛光粉打磨直径为2.5mm的玻碳电极,超纯水,乙醇轮流超声清洗六次,用氮气吹干电极表面。
(2)用氯仿配置含有10~30μM的锌卟啉有机笼溶液、1~4g/L棕榈酰油酰磷脂酰胆碱溶液和0~2g/L胆固醇混合溶液,使用20μL移液枪吸取15μL溶液滴加到GCE(玻碳电极)表面,在红外烘烤灯下慢慢烘烤以均匀成膜。
(3)将Ag/AgCl作为参比电极,铂丝作为对电极,修饰过的玻碳电极作为工作电极正确连接在化学发光检测仪的暗盒中,将电化学工作站和微弱光检测系统(ECL发光仪)连接在一起,光电倍增管的高压设置为-900V,进行电化学发光检测。由图4可以看出发光位点在1.45附近;如图5所示,光强时间图表明该仿生膜具有稳定的电化学发光性能。
实施例3:基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构电化学发光
(1)用Al2O3抛光粉打磨直径为2.5mm的玻碳电极,超纯水,乙醇轮流超声清洗六次,用氮气吹干电极表面。
(2)用氯仿配置含有10~30μM的锌卟啉有机笼溶液、1~4g/L二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱溶液和0~2g/L胆固醇混合溶液,使用20μL移液枪吸取15μL溶液滴加到GCE(玻碳电极)表面,在红外烘烤灯下慢慢烘烤以均匀成膜。
(3)将Ag/AgCl作为参比电极,铂丝作为对电极,修饰过的玻碳电极作为工作电极正确连接在化学发光检测仪的暗盒中,将电化学工作站和微弱光检测系统连接在一起,光电倍增管的高压设置为-900V,进行电化学发光检测,结果表明该仿生膜具有稳定的电化学发光性能。
实施例4:基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构电化学发光
(1)用Al2O3抛光粉打磨直径为2.5mm的玻碳电极,超纯水,乙醇轮流超声清洗六次,用氮气吹干电极表面;
(2)用氯仿配置含有10~30μM的锌卟啉有机笼溶液、1~4g/L(2,3-二油酰基-丙基)-三甲基氯化铵和0~2g/L胆固醇混合溶液,使用20μL移液枪吸取15μL溶液滴加到GCE(玻碳电极)表面,在红外烘烤灯下慢慢烘烤以均匀成膜。
(3)将Ag/AgCl作为参比电极,铂丝作为对电极,修饰过的玻碳电极作为工作电极正确连接在化学发光检测仪的暗盒中,将电化学工作站和微弱光检测系统连接在一起,光电倍增管的高压设置为-900V,进行电化学发光检测,结果表明该仿生膜具有稳定的电化学发光性能。
实施例5:蜂毒肽检测
(1)用Al2O3抛光粉打磨直径为2.5mm的玻碳电极,超纯水,乙醇轮流超声清洗六次,用氮气吹干电极表面。
(2)用氯仿配置含有10~30μM的锌卟啉有机笼溶液、1~4g/L棕榈酰油酰磷脂酰胆碱和0~2g/L胆固醇混合溶液,使用20μL移液枪吸取15μL溶液滴加到GCE(玻碳电极)表面,在红外烘烤灯下慢慢烘烤以均匀成膜。
(3)将Ag/AgCl作为参比电极,铂丝作为对电极,修饰过的玻碳电极作为工作电极正确连接在化学发光检测仪的暗盒中,将电化学工作站和微弱光检测系统连接在一起,光电倍增管的高压设置为-800V,在pH为7.5的10mM HEPES(含0.3M KCL)电解液进行电化学发光检测,结果表明该仿生膜具有稳定的电化学发光性能。
(4)观察蜂毒肽加入电解液的电化学发光强度,然后,记录电化学发光强度值与蜂毒肽浓度的关系,绘制工作曲线如图6。
(5)在相同条件下测得待测样品的电致化学发光强度,通过图6的拟合方程,计算得到对应的蜂毒肽浓度。
Claims (5)
1.一种基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构检测蜂毒肽的方法,其特征在于,通过电致化学发光检测蜂毒肽浓度;所述仿生膜结构由锌卟啉有机笼溶液、磷脂溶液和胆固醇溶液,滴加在电极表面,并挥干溶剂获得;
所述锌卟啉有机笼溶液的浓度为10~30μM;
所述锌卟啉有机笼溶液、磷脂溶液和胆固醇溶液的溶剂均为氯仿;
所述锌卟啉有机笼的制备方法包括:配置5mM醋酸锌甲醇溶液,与卟啉有机笼溶液,以体积比为1:1混合,室温搅拌≥2天,用饱和食盐水萃取三次或以上,烘干获得所述锌卟啉有机笼;
所述卟啉有机笼溶液的制备方法包括:将四醛基苯基卟啉和(2,4,6-三丁氧基苯-1,3,5-三)三甲胺,按摩尔比3:4加入氯仿中,滴加1~2滴三氟乙酸,在氮气氛围下搅拌,将反应后溶液,依次用饱和食盐水溶液、碳酸钾溶液、饱和氯化铵溶液,进行萃取,各溶液萃取一次或以上,得到卟啉有机笼溶液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构检测蜂毒肽的方法,其特征在于,所述磷脂溶液的浓度为1~4g/L。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构检测蜂毒肽的方法,其特征在于,所述胆固醇溶液的浓度为0~2g/L。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构检测蜂毒肽的方法,其特征在于,所选磷脂选自棕榈酰油酰磷脂酰胆碱、二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱、(2,3-二油酰基-丙基)-三甲基氯化铵。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于锌卟啉有机笼的仿生膜结构检测蜂毒肽的方法,其特征在于,通过电致化学发光检测蜂毒肽浓度,包括:
以玻碳电极为工作电极,Ag/AgCl电极为参比电极,含0.3M氯化钾pH为7.4的10mMHEPES作为电解液,将锌卟啉有机笼、磷脂和胆固醇混合溶液5~20μL滴加在电极表面,挥干溶剂,获得仿生膜结构;仿生膜结构中锌卟啉有机笼作为ECL发光体,测得含不同浓度蜂毒肽的电解液中的电致化学发光强度,计算得到电致化学发光强度与蜂毒肽的关系曲线;
在相同条件下测得待测样品的电致化学发光强度,通过电致化学发光强度与蜂毒肽浓度的关系曲线,获得对应的蜂毒肽浓度。
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