CN114686405A - 一株具有减少脂肪和缓解高血糖,调节肠道免疫力的两歧双歧杆菌及其应用 - Google Patents
一株具有减少脂肪和缓解高血糖,调节肠道免疫力的两歧双歧杆菌及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及微生物技术领域,具体涉及一株具有减少脂肪和缓解高血糖,调节肠道免疫力的两歧双歧杆菌及其应用。所述两歧双歧杆菌B11的保藏编号为CGMCC No.24381,该菌株对胃液酸性环境以及胆汁盐有良好的耐受性能,还可以有效改善肥胖等诱发的糖脂代谢紊乱现象,而且其活菌体、灭活菌体或代谢产物具备改善便秘或修复肠道黏膜屏障的能力,同时其活菌体或灭活菌体可显著提高机体免疫。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物技术领域,具体涉及一株具有减少脂肪和缓解高血糖,调节肠道免疫力的两歧双歧杆菌及其应用。
背景技术
随着人类生活方式的改变,高糖/脂饮食、酗酒、久坐不动和熬夜等不良生活习惯使得以糖脂代谢紊乱为主要特征的II型糖尿病、肥胖、非酒精性脂肪肝等疾病的发病率居高不下,已经成为现代人最主要的健康问题之一。另外,不良生活习惯和饮食结构的改变,同样伴随着便秘的发病率逐年提高,长年的便秘会导致痔疮、肛裂及直肠炎等疾病的发生,严重时可诱发心脑疾病。便秘还会使体内毒素蓄积,影响肝脏的功能,最终导致代谢性疾病的发生。
肠道菌群是人类肠道中大量微生物(超过1014)的总称,可以将膳食营养素代谢为许多生物活性物质,是宿主能量获取的关键中介,与人体健康息息相关。益生菌是一类对宿主有益的活性微生物,是定植于人体肠道、生殖系统内,能产生确切健康功效从而改善宿主微生态平衡、发挥对肠道有益作用的活性有益微生物。但是目前的益生菌存在生存性差、效果难以令人满意、功效局限等技术缺陷,因此,寻找一种生存性高、功能多样的益生菌逐渐成为本领域研究的一个热点话题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷,本发明提供一株具有减少脂肪和缓解高血糖,调节肠道免疫力的两歧双歧杆菌及其应用,该菌株对胃液酸性环境以及胆汁盐有良好的耐受性能,还可以有效改善肥胖等诱发的糖脂代谢紊乱现象,而且其活菌体、灭活菌体或代谢产物具备改善便秘或修复肠道黏膜屏障的能力,同时其活菌体或灭活菌体可显著提高机体免疫。
为达到上述发明目的,本发明采用了如下的技术方案:
一种两歧双歧杆菌B11,其分类名称为两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteriumbifidum),于2022年01月21日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,其保藏编号为CGMCC No.24381;保藏地址为北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中科院微生物研究所。
相比于现有技术,本发明提供的保藏编号为CGMCC No.24381的两歧双歧杆菌B11具备以下优势:
(1)本发明提供的两歧双歧杆菌B11具有改善肥胖等诱发的糖脂代谢紊乱现象的功能,能够降低血糖、胰岛素水平,改善胰岛素抵抗指数,可以使高脂饮食引发的糖代谢紊乱趋于正常水平,同时还能降低动物血清的低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇和瘦素的水平,以及降低人的低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇和瘦素的水平,使高脂饮食引发的脂代谢紊乱趋于正常水平。
(2)本发明提供的两歧双歧杆菌B11对胃液酸性环境以及胆汁盐有良好的耐受性,具有拮抗ETEC对肠上皮细胞损伤的功效,还可以调控黏蛋白MUC2和MUC5AC基因表达、以及五羟色胺转运体SERT的表达,使其可用于缓解神经递质分泌异常引起的便秘产品中,还可用于修复肠上皮细胞损伤及修复肠道黏膜屏障方面的产品中。
(3)本发明提供的两歧双歧杆菌B11的活菌和灭活菌种能够显著促进RAW364.7巨噬细胞的增殖并提高吞噬能力,并且可调节TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10细胞因子的分泌量,提高IL-6、i NOS、TNF-α、IL-10等细胞因子mRNA水平表达量,进而提高机体免疫。
本发明还提供了所述的两歧双歧杆菌B11在制备改善糖脂代谢的产品中的应用。
优选地,所述产品为降低血糖水平、血清胰岛素或胰岛素抵抗指数的产品。
优选地,所述产品为降低动物血清总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量的产品。
优选地,所述产品为降低人血清总胆固醇或低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量的产品。
本发明还提供了所述的两歧双歧杆菌B11在制备改善便秘的产品中的应用。
优选地,所述产品包括所述两歧双歧杆菌B11的活菌体、灭活菌体或代谢产物中的至少一种。
优选地,所述产品为拮抗ETEC对肠上皮细胞损伤的产品。
优选地,所述产品为改善黏蛋白MUC2、MUC5AC或五羟色胺转运体SERT表达的产品。
本发明还提供了所述的两歧双歧杆菌B11在制备修复肠道黏膜屏障的产品中的应用。
优选地,所述产品包括所述两歧双歧杆菌B11的活菌体、灭活菌体或代谢产物中的至少一种。
优选地,所述产品为拮抗ETEC对肠上皮细胞损伤的产品。
优选地,所述产品为改善黏蛋白MUC2、MUC5AC或五羟色胺转运体SERT表达的产品。
本发明还提供了所述的两歧双歧杆菌B11在制备提高免疫力的产品中的应用。
优选地,所述产品包括所述两歧双歧杆菌B11的活菌体或灭活菌体中的至少一种。
优选地,所述产品为促进巨噬细胞增殖的产品。
优选地,所述产品为提高细胞吞噬能力的产品。
优选地,所述产品为调节巨噬细胞分泌免疫因子的产品。
优选地,所述产品为提高巨噬细胞中免疫因子基因表达量的产品。
以上降低血糖水平、血清胰岛素或胰岛素抵抗指数的产品、改善便秘或修复肠道黏膜屏障的产品、提高免疫力的产品包括药品、保健食品或食品,药品、保健食品的剂型包括但不限于粉剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂或溶液剂等常规剂型,食品的形式包括但不限于液体饮料、固体饮料、冷制糕点、乳制品等。
附图说明
图1为实施例7提供的不同组小鼠的空腹血糖、血清胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗指数;
图2为实施例7提供的不同组小鼠脂代谢相关指数;
图3为实施例9提供的B11在pH3.0酸性条件下及0.3%胆盐条件下的耐受性;
图4为实施例10提供的不同实验样品对肠上皮细胞黏蛋白MUC2、MUC5AC mRNA表达的影响;
图5为实施例11提供的不同实验样品对肠上皮细胞五羟色胺转运体SERT mRNA表达影响;
图6为实施例12提供的不同实验样品拮抗ETEC对肠上皮细胞损伤的结果;
图7为实施例13提供的干预前后受试者粪便中双歧杆菌数量变化;
图8为实施例14中两歧双歧杆菌B11对巨噬细胞增殖的影响;
图9为实施例14中两歧双歧杆菌B11对巨噬细胞吞噬率的影响;
图10为实施例14中活性两歧双歧杆菌B11对巨噬细胞分泌的细胞因子mRNA水平表达量的影响;
图11为实施例14中灭活型两歧双歧杆菌B11对巨噬细胞分泌的细胞因子mRNA水平表达量的影响。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供的两歧双歧杆菌B11来自健康婴儿的新鲜粪便样品,能够降低血糖、胰岛素水平,改善胰岛素抵抗指数,降低动物血清的低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇和瘦素的水平,降低人的低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇和瘦素的水平,拮抗ETEC对肠上皮细胞的损伤,调控黏蛋白MUC2和MUC5AC基因表达以及五羟色胺转运体SERT的表达,促进RAW364.7巨噬细胞的增殖并提高吞噬能力,调节TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10细胞因子的分泌量,提高IL-6、i NOS、TNF-α、IL-10等细胞因子mRNA水平表达量,且该两歧双歧杆菌B11对胃液酸性环境以及胆汁盐有良好的耐受性。
该两歧双歧杆菌B11可制成用于降低血糖水平、血清胰岛素或胰岛素抵抗指数的产品,改善便秘的产品,修复肠道黏膜屏障的产品,提高免疫力的产品,或同时具备以上两种及以上作用的产品。产品的形式包括但不限于药品、保健食品或食品。药品、保健食品的剂型包括但不限于粉剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂或溶液剂等常规剂型,食品的形式包括但不限于液体饮料、固体饮料、冷制糕点、乳制品等。
制备上述产品时,根据需要来添加其他辅料,按常规方法制备即可。
例如,在制备粉剂时,可按以下方法制备:按质量百分比取两歧双歧杆菌B11冻干粉5%~15%、益生元10%~30%、膳食纤维5%~15%、果蔬粉5%~10%和余量的食品原料混合,包装后得到含两歧双歧杆菌B11的粉剂产品,终端产品可根据不同活菌数制定产品规格,如,每个独立包装的粉剂中可含双歧杆菌B11活菌数100~300亿。其中益生元可选自低聚异麦芽糖、异麦芽酮糖、壳寡糖或甘露寡糖中的至少一种,食品原料可选自乳粉或麦芽糊精中的至少一种。
在制备颗粒剂时,可按以下方法制备:取两歧双歧杆菌B11冻干粉、益生元、辅料、甜味剂、香精和营养强化剂混合,采用常规的方法进行造粒,终端产品可根据克重或活菌数制定产品规格,包装后即得到含两歧双歧杆菌B11的粉剂产品。上述益生元选自低聚异麦芽糖、异麦芽酮糖、壳寡糖或甘露寡糖中的至少一种;上述辅料为乳粉或淀粉的至少一种。颗粒剂是益生菌产品的常见剂型,较粉剂具有易溶解、不易呛口的优势。
在制备片剂时,可按以下方法制备:取两歧双歧杆菌B11冻干粉和常用原辅材料,如葡萄糖、乳糖、微晶纤维素、硬脂酸镁以及脱脂奶粉、甜味剂和香精等,按照常规的比例混合均匀,通过压片机机械压成片剂。压片时可依据产品的硬度需求来调整压力。片剂具有易携带、食用方便的特点。
在制备发酵乳制品时,可按以下方法制备:
发酵酸乳:将鲜牛乳加热至55~65℃,加入6%~8%的白砂糖搅拌至完全溶解,20Mpa压力下均质,均质完成后于95℃下灭菌5min,冷却至42~45℃,接种发酵剂0.003%~0.01%和两歧双歧杆菌B11 0.002%~0.004%,于40~42℃发酵至pH 4.3~4.5,冷藏后熟,得到凝固型或搅拌型酸乳。
乳饮料:将鲜奶、浓缩脱脂乳或脱脂乳粉强化的脱脂乳加热至60~65℃,20MPa压力下均质,均质完成后于90~95℃下灭菌5~20min,冷却到42℃,接种发酵剂0.003%~0.01%和两歧双歧杆菌B11 0.002%~0.004%,于40~42℃发酵至pH 4.3~4.5,活菌数≥l08 CFU/mL时停止发酵,得到发酵乳。将辅料溶解于60~80℃的去离子水中配成糖浆,95℃下灭菌5~30min,冷却至42℃;然后将上述发酵乳、糖浆和水按质量比1:2:1混合,用柠檬酸调节酸度至pH 3.5~5.0,滴加调味香精,10MPa压力下均质,灌装后冷藏,获得活菌数为3×106CFU/mL的发酵乳饮料,上述辅料为甜味剂、稳定剂或色素的至少一种。
冰淇淋:取白砂糖7%~8%、全脂奶粉6%~7%、奶油3%~4%、椰子油2%~3%、糖浆2%~3%、常规稳定剂0.5%~0.6%与余量的水混合均匀,加热至60~65℃,20MPa压力下均质,于70~85℃下灭菌10~30min,冷却至40~50℃,加入双歧杆菌B11 0.002%~0.004%,再次均质,均质压力为20~30MPa,然后经凝冻硬化制成冰淇淋。
在制备胶囊剂时,可按以下方法制备:固体胶囊剂可将两歧双歧杆菌B11粉剂或者颗粒剂,经胶囊机制作成为胶囊产品;液体胶囊剂可将两歧双歧杆菌B11粉剂与油脂混合,通过胶囊机制作成软胶囊产品。以上两种均可以不同克重或活菌数为依据,确定产品的最小包装规格。
在制备上述产品时,采用的双歧杆菌B11冻干粉可按以下方法制备:
将-80℃冷冻保藏的两歧双歧杆菌B11接种于新鲜改良MRS培养基37℃厌氧培养24h,收获一级种子;将一级种子以5%的接种量转接至新鲜改良MRS培养基,37℃厌氧培养24h,收获二级种子;将二级种子液再以5%的接种量转接至新鲜改良MRS培养基,37℃厌氧培养20~24h,4℃下4000g离心10min,弃上清,用无菌生理盐水洗涤菌泥2次,将菌泥与保护剂按1:2.5(m/v)混匀,-70℃条件下预冻12h,之后置于冻干机中真空冻干,粉碎,获得双歧杆菌B11冻干粉。其中保护剂可按以下方法配制:将脱脂乳粉10~15g、海藻糖4~9g、蔗糖3~7g、甘油1~2g、明胶1~2g、谷氨酸钠1~2g、L-半胱氨酸0.1~0.2g和硫酸锰0.3~0.4g混匀,加蒸馏水补至100g,即得。
以下实施例所用培养基的配方及配制方法如下:
改良MRS培养基:葡萄糖20g,蛋白胨10g,牛肉粉6.5g,酵母浸粉5g,乙酸钠5g,柠檬酸氢二铵2g,磷酸氢二钾2g,MgSO4·7H2O 0.58g,MnSO4·H2O 0.25g,半胱氨酸盐酸盐0.5g,吐温80 1ml,蒸馏水1000mL。
实施例1
菌株的分离、纯化和鉴定
1.1菌株的分离和纯化
取健康婴儿的新鲜粪便样本,置于无菌容器中,加生理盐水充分稀释混匀,10倍梯度稀释,取稀释后样本于改良MRS培养基(加莫匹罗星锂盐)涂布,37℃厌氧培养48h;观察菌落形态,挑取不同形态单菌落于液体改良MRS培养基37℃厌氧培养17-24h;用接种环蘸取培养好的菌液,于改良MRS培养基划线,37℃厌氧培养48h;观察菌落形态并通过革兰氏染色,挑选革兰氏阳性的杆状或具有分叉的菌株,重复单菌落挑取和划线步骤,得到纯的菌株。
1.2菌株的鉴定
对得到的菌株进行生理生化特征及16SrDNA鉴定。
a.生物学特性:
如表1所示。
表1
试验项目 | 结果 | 试验项目 | 结果 | 试验项目 | 结果 |
革兰氏染色 | + | 6.5%NaCl生长 | - | 10℃发酵 | - |
形成芽孢 | - | pH9.6生长 | - | 15℃发酵 | - |
接触酶 | - | pH4.5生长 | - | 45℃发酵 | + |
氧化酶 | - | 发酵葡萄糖产气 | - | 10%牛奶发酵 | + |
空气中生长 | - | 吲哚反应 | - | 硝酸盐还原 | - |
液化明胶 | - | 联苯胺反应 | - |
b.生物学鉴定:
16S rDNA序列(如SEQ ID NO.1所示)如下:
经过以上生理生化特征及16SrDNA鉴定可知,该菌株为两歧双歧杆菌,因此将其命名为两歧双歧杆菌B11,于2022年01月21日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏编号为CGMCC No.24381,保藏地址为北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中科院微生物研究所。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种含两歧双歧杆菌B11的粉剂。
按质量百分比取两歧双歧杆菌B11冻干粉10%、低聚异麦芽糖20%、壳寡糖10%、膳食纤维15%、果蔬粉7.5%和37.5%乳糖醇混合,根据活菌数制定产品规格并包装,即得到含两歧双歧杆菌B11的粉剂产品。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种含两歧双歧杆菌B11的颗粒剂。
取两歧双歧杆菌B11冻干粉、异麦芽酮糖、淀粉、甜味剂、香精和营养强化剂混合,采用常规的方法进行造粒,根据克重或活菌数制定产品规格,包装后得到含两歧双歧杆菌B11的颗粒剂。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种含两歧双歧杆菌B11的片剂。
取两歧双歧杆菌B11冻干粉和乳糖、微晶纤维素、硬脂酸镁以及脱脂奶粉、甜味剂和香精,按照常规的比例混合均匀,根据克重或活菌数制定产品规格,通过压片机机械压成片剂。压片时可依据产品的硬度需求来调整压力。
实施例5
本实施例提供了双歧杆菌的发酵乳制品。
发酵酸乳:将鲜牛乳加热至60℃,加入7%的白砂糖搅拌至完全溶解,20Mpa压力下均质,均质完成后于95℃下灭菌5min,冷却至43℃,接种嗜热链球菌0.006%和两歧双歧杆菌B11 0.003%,于40~42℃发酵至pH 4.4,冷藏后熟,得到凝固型或搅拌型酸乳。
乳饮料:将浓缩脱脂乳加热至65℃,20MPa压力下均质,均质完成后于95℃下灭菌5min,冷却到42℃,接种嗜热链球菌0.006%和两歧双歧杆菌B110.003%,于42℃发酵至pH4.4,活菌数≥l08 CFU/mL时停止发酵,得到发酵乳。辅料溶解于75℃的去离子水中配成糖浆,95℃下灭菌5min,冷却至42℃;然后将上述发酵乳、糖浆和水按质量比1:2:1混合,用柠檬酸调节酸度至pH 4.2,滴加调味香精,10MPa压力下均质,灌装后冷藏,获得活菌数为3×106CFU/mL的发酵乳饮料,上述辅料为甜味剂、稳定剂或色素的至少一种。
冰淇淋:取白砂糖7.5%、全脂奶粉6.5%、奶油3.5%、椰子油2.5%、糖浆2.5%、常规稳定剂0.5%、水77%混合均匀,加热至65℃,20MPa压力下均质,于85℃下灭菌30min,冷却至45℃,加入双歧杆菌B11 0.003%,再次均质,均质压力为20MPa,然后经凝冻硬化制成冰淇淋。
实施例6
本实施例提供了双歧杆菌的胶囊产品。
固体胶囊剂:将两歧双歧杆菌B11颗粒剂根据克重或活菌数选择胶囊壳型号,经胶囊机灌装成为胶囊产品;
液体胶囊剂:将两歧双歧杆菌B11粉剂与油脂混合,根据克重或活菌数选择胶囊规格,通过胶囊机压制成软胶囊产品。
实施例7
本实施例提供了两歧双歧杆菌B11改善肥胖小鼠糖脂代谢的应用效果。
选取2周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠,随机分为对照组(C)、高脂饮食组(H)和高脂饮食+益生菌组(H+P),每组各12只。对照组喂食普通饲料,高脂饮食组和高脂饮食+益生菌组喂食高脂饲料,高脂饮食+益生菌组喂食高脂饲料后给与0.5mL2×109CFU/mL两歧双歧杆菌B11,其他组给予等体积的生理盐水,共干预14周。
分别于干预第0和14周测定小鼠空腹血糖,并于第14周结束时测定血清胰岛素水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(IR)/22.5。结果显示:第0周时三组小鼠的空腹血糖未见明显差异,第14周结束时高脂饮食组空腹血糖、血清胰岛素水平和胰岛素抵抗指数较对照组显著升高,而双歧杆菌干预(高脂饮食+益生菌组)可使高脂饮食引发糖代谢紊乱趋于正常水平,具体可参见图1。
同时,于第14周收集血清样本,测量低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)和瘦素的水平。结果显示:第14周结束时高脂饮食组小鼠血清LDL-C、TC、TG和瘦素水平均显著高于对照组,而两歧双歧杆菌B11干预可使高脂饮食引发的脂代谢紊乱趋于正常水平,具体可参见图2。
实施例8
本实施例提供了两歧双歧杆菌B11改善中老年人糖脂代谢的应用效果。
招募年龄在45-75岁、BMI在18.5≤BMI≤26.9kg/m2之间,具有高血脂、高血糖等糖脂代谢紊乱特征的中老年人42名(排除存在重大器质性疾病或近3个月使用过抗生素或其他含有益生菌产品的个体),在晚饭后口服4g含1.5×1010CFU/g的双歧杆菌冻干粉,共干预3周。结果参见表2:与干预前相比,干预后受试者血清TC(5.39%)、LDL-C(6.20%)和空腹血糖水平显著降低,而HDL-C未见显著差异。
表2干预前后受试者血清糖脂代谢相关指数的变化
干预前 | 干预后 | |
TC | 4.73±0.96 | 4.47±0.91 |
HDL-C | 1.34±0.25 | 1.30±0.27 |
LDL-C | 2.45±0.66 | 2.32±0.61 |
空腹血糖 | 6.37±2.03 | 6.08±2.01 |
实施例9
本实施例提供了两歧双歧杆菌B11的胃肠道耐受能力测定
将冻存管保存的两歧双歧杆菌B11,使用改良液体MRS培养基活化三代,每次活化的接种量为3%,在37℃下厌氧培养36h。取活化第三代的种子培养液,以3%的接种量接种于pH3.0的改良液体MRS培养基以及含有0.3%牛胆盐的改良液体MSR培养基,并使用血球计数板对种子液进行计数。在培养0h、2h、4h后分别进行倾注法活菌计数,37℃厌氧培养48h后进行菌落计数。
结果如图3和表3所示,两歧双歧杆菌B11在pH=3.0的培养液和含0.3%牛胆盐的培养液中均有较高的存活率,说明本申请提供的两歧双歧杆菌B11对胃肠道有良好的耐受性,能够顺利到达肠道定植从而发挥作用。
表3两歧双歧杆菌B11胃肠道耐受实验结果
初始 | 2h | 4h | |
PH 3.0 | 8.1×10<sup>9</sup> | 8.2×10<sup>8</sup> | 1.6×10<sup>7</sup> |
0.3%胆盐 | 1.13×10<sup>8</sup> | 6.5×10<sup>6</sup> | 1.6×10<sup>6</sup> |
实施例10
本实施例提供了两歧双歧杆菌B11在肠道菌群体外发酵模拟状态下调控HT-29细胞黏蛋白MUC2和MUC5AC基因表达的结果。
实验菌样品编号分别为B11L1、B11L2、B11L3、B11D1、B11D2、B11D3、B11S,其中:
B11L1为高浓度B11活菌菌体(109CFU/mL);
B11L2为中浓度B11活菌菌体(108CFU/mL);
B11L3为低浓度B11活菌菌体(107CFU/mL);
B11D1为高浓度B11灭活菌体(109CFU/mL);
B11D2为中浓度B11灭活菌体(108CFU/mL);
B11D3为低浓度B11灭活菌体(107CFU/mL);
B11S为代谢产物:将两歧双歧杆菌B11接种到改良MRS培养基中37℃静置培养24,将发酵液离心后收集上清液,上清液经0.22微米滤膜过滤除菌后得无菌上清悬液。
实验步骤:
(1)实验样品的制备
将成人健康粪便与无氧生理盐水按照1:10稀释制成粪便悬液,并在每个发酵小瓶接入500μL粪便悬液。(每个发酵小瓶中培养基成分为:1.2g/L阿拉伯半乳聚糖、1.5g/L果胶、1.2g/L木聚糖、3g/L淀粉、0.5g/L葡萄糖、3g/L酵母膏、3g/L蛋白胨、0.7g/L NaCl、0.4g/L KH2PO4、0.6g/L K2HPO4、0.3g/L CaCl2·2H2O、0.09g/L MgSO4·7H2O、0.01g/L氯化血红素,并加入0.2μg/L维生素混合物)
干预组(对应图4中的B11/L/D/S):将上述实验菌样品各100μL接入发酵小瓶,于37℃培养箱培养24h;
治疗组(对应图4中的E+B11/L/D/S):将100μL产肠毒素大肠埃希氏(ETEC)菌液接入上述发酵小瓶使终浓度为107菌体/mL,于37℃培养箱培养12h,之后将上述实验菌样品各100μL分别接入对应的发酵小瓶中,于37℃培养箱共同培养12h;
预防组(对应图4中的B11/L/D/S+E):将上述实验菌样品各100μL分别接入对应的发酵小瓶,于37℃培养箱培养12h,之后将100μL ETEC菌液接入发酵小瓶,于37℃培养箱共同培养12h;
对照组(对应图4中的control):加入100μL无氧生理盐水,于37℃培养箱培养24h;
ETEC组:100μL ETEC菌液接入发酵小瓶使终浓度约107菌体/mL,于37℃培养箱共同培养24h;
上述各组培养完成后取发酵液以12000r/min离心2min,将上清液用0.22μm滤膜过滤除菌,得到各组肠道菌群体外发酵上清液样品。
将HT-29细胞复苏后,于5%CO2培养箱中37℃培养,收集第3代HT-29细胞,调整细胞浓度,按密度2.5×105个细胞/mL接种于24孔板,每孔2mL,在37℃、5%CO2培养箱中孵育24h。待细胞贴壁后,弃去上清液,每孔加入2mL MyCoy's 5A培养基(10%血清),再加入200μL肠道菌群体外批量培养中获得的益生菌组上清液,对照组加200μL MyCoy's 5A培养基(10%血清),每组3个重复,在37℃、5%CO2条件下孵育24h,收集各孔细胞。
(2)RNA水平验证
利用细胞RNA提取试剂盒提取细胞总RNA,并使用cDNA反转录试剂盒将RNA反转录为cDNA。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应来测定MUC2、MUC5AC、SERT以及AQP3蛋白的表达量。程序设定:95℃预变性15min;95℃变性10s,60℃退火30s,72℃延伸30s,循环40次;融解曲线采集:65℃~95℃,每步上升0.5℃,保持5s。基因引物由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成,MUC2、MUC5AC、SERT和GAPDH的序列如表4所示。
表4基因序列
程序设定:95℃15min;40个循环:95℃10s,60℃30s,72℃30s;融解曲线:65℃-95℃,每步0.5℃保持5s。
实验结果:
肠道黏膜屏障具有保护肠道健康的能力,在便秘及腹泻中均具有重要作用。以上实验结果如图4所示,干预组中,两歧双歧杆菌B11活菌体及灭活菌体提高了细胞黏蛋白MUC2及MUC5AC mRNA表达水平,具有修复肠道黏膜屏障、增加肠道润滑度,从而促进排便的作用。治疗组中,两歧双歧杆菌B11活菌体、灭活菌体、上清及药物组提高了细胞黏蛋白MUC2及MUC5AC mRNA表达水平,从而修复ETEC造成的肠道黏膜屏障损伤的能力。预防组中,B11菌体、灭活菌体及上清提高了细胞黏蛋白MUC2及MUC5AC mRNA表达水平,预防ETEC造成的肠道黏膜屏障受损的能力。
实施例11
本实施例提供了两歧双歧杆菌B11对肠上皮细胞五羟色胺转运体SERT mRNA表达的影响。
采用肠道菌群体外发酵上清液样品与HT-29细胞共培养后检测五羟色胺转运体基因SERT表达,其中肠道菌群体外发酵上清液样品的制备与处理方式同实验例10。
引物设计:管家基因采用18SrRNA和GAPDH
程序设定:95℃15min;40个循环:95℃10s,60℃30s,72℃30s;融解曲线:65℃-95℃,每步0.5℃保持5s。
实验结果为:
在调节神经递质能力方面,如图5所示,干预组中,B11菌体及上清提高了细胞SERTmRNA表达水平,表示其具有增强肠道蠕动,促进排便从而治疗便秘的能力。预防组中,B11菌体及灭活菌体降低了细胞SERT mRNA表达水平,表示其具有抑制肠道蠕动,预防ETEC引起的腹泻症状。
实施例12
本实施例提供了两歧双歧杆菌B11的拮抗ETEC对肠上皮细胞损伤实验。
采用CCK-8试剂盒测定HT-29细胞增殖率,具体为收集第3代培养2d后的HT-29细胞,将浓度为105个/mL的HT-29细胞悬液接种于96孔板中,每孔加入100μL,在37℃、5%CO2培养箱中孵育24h。待细胞贴壁后,弃去上清液,每孔加入100μL MyCoy’s 5A培养基,再加入10μL过滤除菌的肠道菌群体外发酵上清液样品(即实验例10中的肠道菌群体外发酵上清液样品),每组5个重复。
在37℃、5%CO2条件下共孵育12h,每孔加入10μL CCK-8溶液,继续孵育1h,在450nm波长下测定OD值,计算细胞增殖指数。细胞增殖指数=(As-Ac)/Ac,式中As表示实验组OD值,Ac表示空白对照组OD值。
实验结果如图6所示,实验组中,药物组(利福昔明、诺氟沙星)及ETEC对肠上皮细胞均造成一定损伤。干预组中,B11活菌体、灭活菌体及上清均表现出一定的细胞增殖能力。治疗组中,B11活菌体表现出一定的细胞增殖能力,表示其具有较优的修复ETEC造成的肠上皮细胞损伤的能力。预防组中,B11活菌体及灭活菌体具有一定的细胞增殖能力,表现出较优的预防ETEC造成的肠上皮细胞损伤的能力。
由实施例10~12可见,两歧双歧杆菌B11可用于缓解神经递质分泌异常引起的便秘产品中(可见下表5),并且,两歧双歧杆菌B11在修复肠上皮细胞损伤及修复肠道黏膜屏障方面具有良好作用。
表5便秘缓解功能开发结果
注:B11 L代表两歧双歧杆菌B11活菌体;B11 D代表两歧双歧杆菌B11灭活菌体;B11S代表两歧双歧杆菌B11代谢产物。
细胞增殖中-表示细胞增殖率<0%;+表示细胞增殖率0%~5%;++表示细胞增殖率5%~10%;+++表示细胞增殖率>10%;肠道黏膜屏障及调节神经递质中-表示黏蛋白或神经递质转运体基因表达倍数<1;+表示黏蛋白或神经递质转运体基因表达倍数为1~1.5;++表示黏蛋白或神经递质转运体基因表达倍数为1.5~2;+++表示黏蛋白或神经递质转运体基因表达倍数>2。
实施例13
本实施例提供了含两歧双歧杆菌B11粉剂对健康成人肠道改善作用。
1.干预方法
共收纳150人,年龄为3-60岁的便秘人群,每天服用2次,每次2条,每条活菌数200亿,饭后服用,连续服用21天。在试服期间内,要求受试者保持既往生活习惯。试服前后填写问卷调查表,采用自身前后对照,比较干预前后粪便指标及排便情况的变化。
2.纳入标准
(1)符合以下至少两项症状者:①每周排便次数3次以下;②大便干硬;③排便较困难;④多数时间存在排便失败情况;⑤排便后不舒服;⑥存在借助外部手段进行排便的情况。
(2)无肠道器质性疾病。
(3)2周内未服用可引起便秘的药物,未使用促动力药物、微生态制剂、渗透性泻药。
3.问卷调查
人群筛查:试服前使用《人群筛查表》进行试服人群筛查,考察试服人员排便情况,筛选符合纳入标准的人员。
效果调查:试服结束后试服人员填写《产品试服调查表》,包括排便情况及试服感受(服用后不适感、自评有效性)等。
4.疗效评价
以《人群筛查表》和《产品试服调查表》统计结果比较试服前后量化积分变化。并参考《布里斯托大便分类法》对试服前后大便性状进行分类和比较。
根据3周益生菌干预前后的150份问卷调查结果,对每天排便次数、粪便颜色、粪便形状、粪便硬度、粪便量、排便时感觉进行分析,受试者随着产品的饮用,每天排便不到一次的人员逐步减少,而每天排便的受试人员不断增加,且变化情况有统计学意义,具体见表6。
表6受试者干预前后排便情况变化
5.提高肠道内两歧双歧杆菌B11含量
两歧双歧杆菌B11干预前后共收集粪便样本150个,从图7可见,与干预前相比,干预3周的双歧杆菌属,两歧双歧杆菌菌量上升,表明服用B11后,受试者粪便中双歧杆菌属的数量显著增加;停止干预1周后与干预3周相比,两种菌菌量均下降。
实施例14
本实施例提供了两歧双歧杆菌B11的免疫特性实验
以巨噬细胞作为研究对象,用LPS造炎症模型(1μg/mL),进行增殖实验、吞噬实验、ELISA检测细胞因子分泌实验、qPCR检测细胞对细胞因子mRNA表达量实验等方法验证菌株对免疫调节的作用。
1.前期准备
1.1细胞培养
将RAW264.7(小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞)细胞复苏后,置于含有DMEM完全培养液的培养瓶中,于37℃、5%CO2培养箱中孵育,待细胞生长良好密度达80%左右进行传代,传代3次进行实验。
1.2菌悬液的制备
两歧双歧杆菌B11活化3代,接种于改良MRS培养基中,37℃培养18h后,4℃、5000r/min离心5min,分别收集上清液和菌体;
活菌组:收集的菌体用4ml的PBS洗涤1次,4℃、5000r/min离心5min后,去除上清,用4ml DMEM完全培养液(不加双抗)重悬混匀,用0.9%生理盐水对重悬后的1ml菌液进行稀释,采用流式细胞仪调整菌液浓度为1.5×108CFU/mL左右,得到活菌菌悬液;
灭活菌组:收集的菌体用4ml的PBS洗涤1次,4℃、5000r/min离心5min后,去除上清,菌体用4ml PBS重悬,于水浴锅80℃灭活30min,离心后去除上清,用4ml DMEM完全培养液(不加双抗)重悬混匀,用0.9%生理盐水对重悬后的1ml菌液进行稀释,采用流式细胞仪调整菌液浓度1.5×108CFU/mL左右,得到灭活菌菌悬液;
2.细胞增殖实验
将步骤1.1中得到的RAW264.7传3代后的细胞,用0.4%台盼蓝染色液染色,取细胞悬液40μL与40μL 0.4%台盼蓝溶液以1:1混匀后,取20μL用自动细胞计数仪计数,将细胞稀释,在96孔板按密度1.5×105个/mL接种,每孔100μL细胞悬液在37℃、5%CO2培养箱中过夜孵育。
细胞贴壁后除去上清液,每孔加入100μL细胞培养液(含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基)再分别加入100μL的步骤1.2中的活菌菌悬液或灭活菌悬液,每组5个重复,活菌组与细胞在37℃、5%CO2条件下共孵育4h,灭活菌组与细胞在相同条件下共孵育24h。
CCK-8法检测细胞活性及增殖情况,具体操作为:每孔加入10μL CCK-8溶液,37℃、5%CO2培养箱中孵育1h,在450nm波长下测定吸光度OD值。
根据如下公式计算细胞增殖指数和增殖率:
细胞增殖指数=(As-Ac)/Ac;
增殖率=细胞增殖指数×100%;
式中:As为实验组OD值,Ac为空白对照组OD值。
从图8结果可见,活性B11可激活巨噬细胞,促进巨噬细胞的增殖,增殖率为17.48%;灭活型B11可激活巨噬细胞,促进巨噬细胞的增殖,增殖率为35.43%。
3.细胞吞噬实验
收集对数生长期的RAW264.7细胞,用0.4%台盼蓝染色液进行细胞染色,取细胞悬液40μL与40μL 0.4%台盼蓝溶液以1:1混匀后,取20μL用自动细胞计数仪计数和稀释,调整细胞浓度为1.5×105cells/mL,在96孔板中每孔加入100μL细胞悬液,37℃、5%CO2培养箱培养过夜。
培养16h后弃去培养液,随后加入100μL细胞培养液和100μL 1.2中得到的乳酸菌活菌菌悬液或灭活菌菌悬液,每组5个复孔,其中活菌组与巨噬细胞孵育6h,灭活菌组与巨噬细胞孵育24h。吸出上清液,活菌组PBS洗涤2次(灭活菌组不用清洗),随后加入200μL细胞培养液,同时加入20μL中性红染液,在37℃、5%CO2条件下内孵育2h。除去含有中性红染液的细胞培养液,PBS洗涤1次,于每孔加入中性红检测裂解液200μL,在细胞培养箱内裂解10min。于540nm波长处测定OD值,计算细胞吞噬指数。
细胞吞噬指数=As/Ac;吞噬率=细胞吞噬指数×100%。
式中:As表示实验组OD值,Ac表示空白对照组OD值。
从图9结果可见,活性B11可激活巨噬细胞,促进巨噬细胞的吞噬,吞噬率为99.59%。灭活型B11可激活巨噬细胞,促进巨噬细胞的吞噬,吞噬率为103.19%。
4.ELISA检测细胞因子实验
将RAW264.7巨噬细胞浓度调整为2.5×105个/mL,接种于24孔板中,每孔加入2mL细胞培养液,在37℃、5%CO2条件下培养16~20h后,除去上清液后更换2mL含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基,利用LPS介导细胞产生炎症细胞,LPS的浓度为1μg/mL,设置下列不同组与细胞共孵育。
实验分组为:
阴性对照组(DMEM):24孔板中加100μL/孔DMEM,置于细胞培养箱中,空白对照组一孵育4h,空白对照组二孵育24h;
阳性对照组(LPS):24孔板中加LPS使终浓度为1μg/mL,置于细胞培养箱中,阳性对照组一孵育4h,阳性对照组二孵育24h;
两歧双歧杆菌B11组(菌株):24孔板中加100μL/孔活菌悬液或100μL/孔灭活菌悬液,置于细胞培养箱中,活菌组孵育4h,灭活菌组孵育24h;
共孵育结束后,收集各个组别的细胞培养上清液,1000r/min离心10min,收集分装到无菌离心管中,低温保藏备用。按ELISA试剂盒说明书测定上述三组的TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10细胞因子的分泌量,并采用荧光定量QPCR测定细胞因子mRNA水平的表达量。
测定结果如表7、8所示,可知活性B11可刺激巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α;灭活型B11可刺激巨噬细胞分泌TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10。
表7活菌株与巨噬细胞共培养4h分泌细胞因子量
注:“-”代表细胞因子分泌量小于检出限;“+”代表分泌量15.625-125pg/mL;“++”代表分泌量125-500pg/mL;“+++”代表分泌量500-1000pg/mL;“++++”代表分泌量大于1000pg/mL。
表8灭活型菌株与巨噬细胞共培养24h分泌细胞因子量
注:“-”代表细胞因子分泌量小于检出限;“+”代表分泌量15.625-125pg/mL;“++”代表分泌量125-500pg/mL;“+++”代表分泌量500-1000pg/mL;“++++”代表分泌量大于1000pg/mL。
QPCR检测细胞因子mRNA表达量结果如图10和图11所示,活性B11激活巨噬细胞后分泌的细胞因子mRNA水平表达量,与空白对照相比,分泌IL-6量是其10.9倍,分泌TNF-α量是其3.1倍,分泌IL-10量是其1.6倍。灭活型B11激活巨噬细胞后分泌的细胞因子mRNA水平表达量,与空白对照相比,分泌IL-6量是其11.3倍,分泌TNF-α量是其2.6倍,分泌IL-10量是其0.4倍(低于空白对照组)。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 河北一然生物科技股份有限公司
<120> 一株具有减少脂肪和缓解高血糖,调节肠道免疫力的两歧双歧杆菌及其应用
<130> 20220429
<160> 1
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
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<212> DNA
<213> 16SrDNA
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Claims (12)
1.一种两歧双歧杆菌B11,其分类名称为两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum),其菌株保藏编号为CGMCC No.24381。
2.权利要求1所述的两歧双歧杆菌B11在制备改善糖脂代谢的产品中的应用。
3.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品为降低血糖水平、血清胰岛素或胰岛素抵抗指数的产品;和/或
所述产品为降低动物血清总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的产品;和/或
所述产品为降低人血清总胆固醇或低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量的产品。
4.权利要求1所述的两歧双歧杆菌B11在制备改善便秘的产品中的应用。
5.如权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品包括所述两歧双歧杆菌B11的活菌体、灭活菌体或代谢产物中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品为拮抗ETEC对肠上皮细胞损伤的产品;和/或
所述产品为改善黏蛋白MUC2、MUC5AC或五羟色胺转运体SERT表达的产品。
7.权利要求1所述的两歧双歧杆菌B11在制备修复肠道黏膜屏障的产品中的应用。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品包括所述两歧双歧杆菌B11的活菌体、灭活菌体或代谢产物中的至少一种。
9.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品为拮抗ETEC对肠上皮细胞损伤的产品;和/或
所述产品为改善黏蛋白MUC2、MUC5AC或五羟色胺转运体SERT表达的产品。
10.权利要求1所述的两歧双歧杆菌B11在制备提高免疫力的产品中的应用。
11.如权利要求10所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品包括所述两歧双歧杆菌B11的活菌体或灭活菌体中的至少一种。
12.如权利要求11所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品为促进巨噬细胞增殖的产品;和/或
所述产品为提高细胞吞噬能力的产品;和/或
所述产品为调节巨噬细胞分泌免疫因子的产品;和/或
所述产品为提高巨噬细胞中免疫因子基因表达量的产品。
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