CN114685255A - 一种盐酸美利曲辛中间体的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 229960004794 melitracen Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- GWWLWDURRGNSRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N melitracen Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=CCCN(C)C)C3=CC=CC=C3C(C)(C)C2=C1 GWWLWDURRGNSRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- GWFCYDIAPRIMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,10-dimethylanthracen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GWFCYDIAPRIMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 methyl magnesium halide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthrone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3CC2=C1 RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+6] GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 2
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- NJMYODHXAKYRHW-BLLMUTORSA-N 2-[4-[(3e)-3-[2-(trifluoromethyl)thioxanthen-9-ylidene]propyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanol Chemical compound C1CN(CCO)CCN1CC\C=C/1C2=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2\1 NJMYODHXAKYRHW-BLLMUTORSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NQSMEZJWJJVYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NQSMEZJWJJVYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium chloride Substances [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NXPHGHWWQRMDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;bromide Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[Br-] NXPHGHWWQRMDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CCERQOYLJJULMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;chloride Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[Cl-] CCERQOYLJJULMD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/51—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition
- C07C45/511—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition involving transformation of singly bound oxygen functional groups to >C = O groups
- C07C45/515—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition involving transformation of singly bound oxygen functional groups to >C = O groups the singly bound functional group being an acetalised, ketalised hemi-acetalised, or hemi-ketalised hydroxyl group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/48—Preparation of compounds having groups
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/56—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds
- C07C45/57—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only heteroatom
- C07C45/59—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only heteroatom in five-membered rings
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
- C07C67/31—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
- C07D317/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D317/30—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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Abstract
一种盐酸美利曲辛中间体10,10‑二甲基蒽酮的合成方法，通过将邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸及其酯以缩酮的形式保护羰基，然后与甲基卤化镁进行格氏反应，最后在酸性条件下脱除保护基并环合得到10,10‑二甲基蒽酮。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种盐酸美利曲辛中间体10,10-二甲基蒽酮的合成方法。
背景技术
盐酸美利曲辛是丹麦灵北制药公司开发的一种双相抗抑郁药物，其与盐酸氟哌噻吨组成的复方制剂商品名为“黛力新”，在抗抑郁、抗焦虑和改善躯体症状方面有良好的协同作用，是国内市场上畅销的一种精神安定药物。
盐酸美利曲辛的合成是由10,10-二甲基蒽酮为原料，与3-二甲基氨基氯化镁进行格氏反应，经加成、消除和成盐步骤得到产物，路线如下：
盐酸美利曲辛中间体10,10-二甲基蒽酮有两种合成方法，一是以蒽酮为原料，在金属锂作用下用碘甲烷甲基化，得到10,10-二甲基蒽酮：
该方法合成路线短，但所用的原料蒽酮和金属锂价格昂贵，且副反应较多，收率偏低，不适宜工业生产。
另一种合成10,10-二甲基蒽酮的方法是以邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸为原料，经锌粉还原、酯化、格氏反应、环合和氧化反应得到10,10-二甲基蒽酮：
该方法合成路线较长，但原料价格便宜，各步反应位点较少，副反应较少，总体收率较高，生产成本较低，是目前10,10-二甲基蒽酮通用的生产方法。
由于邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸结构中羰基也可以进行格氏反应，因此需要将羰基先用锌粉还原为亚甲基，最后用三氧化铬将亚甲基重新氧化为羰基，增加了额外的反应步骤，三氧化铬为有毒试剂，产生的重金属废物也会污染环境。
发明内容
为解决现有合成方法的不足，本公司设计了一种新的合成路线，先将邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯羰基以缩酮的形式保护，然后与甲基卤化镁进行格氏反应，最后在酸性条件下脱除保护基环合得到10,10-二甲基蒽酮。路线如下：
本发明合成方法通过将羰基进行保护，避免额外的还原、氧化步骤，减少重金属污染，缩短合成路线，提高合成收率，显著降低生产成本，更适宜工业化生产。
以下通过实施例和对比例对本发明作进一步说明，但除以下实施例外，根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更，均包括在本发明的范围内。
具体实施例
步骤1：化合物1的制备
实施例1：在三口瓶中，加入邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯20克，乙二醇15.6克，甲苯500ml和对甲苯磺酸一水合物0.32克，然后加热回流，将产生的水分通过分水器移出。反应6小时后，反应液冷却至室温，用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤有机层，分出有机层，干燥，过滤，浓缩后得到固体19.4克，为2-(2-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)苯甲酸甲酯。
实施例2：在三口瓶中，加入邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸20克，甲醇200ml，2,2-二甲氧基丙烷46克，浓硫酸2ml。然后加热保温30-40℃反应24小时后，反应液减压浓缩，剩余物用二氯甲烷溶解，饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤二氯甲烷层，分层，将二氯甲烷层干燥、过滤，浓缩后得到固体18.6克，为2-[二甲氧基(苯基)甲基]苯甲酸甲酯。
步骤2：化合物2的制备
实施例3：在干燥的三口瓶中，投入1N甲基氯化镁THF溶液158ml，控制温度在10-20℃，将 2-(2-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基l)苯甲酸甲酯15克溶于四氢呋喃80ml中，然后滴加到三口瓶中，滴完控制温度在30-35℃反应6小时，冷却降温至20℃以下，滴加20%氯化铵水溶液，再用稀盐酸调节pH2-3，升温至20-25℃搅拌30分钟，静置分层，水层用四氢呋喃提取，合并四氢呋喃层，减压浓缩得到油状物16.7克（为2-[2-(2-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)苯基]-2-丙醇，含少量溶剂），直接用于下一步投料。
实施例4：在干燥的三口瓶中，投入1.5N甲基溴化镁THF溶液105ml，控制温度在10-20℃，将2-[二甲氧基(苯基)甲基]苯甲酸甲酯15克然后滴加到三口瓶中，滴完控制温度在30-35℃反应6小时，冷却降温至20℃以下，滴加20%氯化铵水溶液，再用稀盐酸调节pH2-3，升温至20-25℃搅拌30分钟，静置分层，水层用四氢呋喃提取，合并四氢呋喃层，减压浓缩得到油状物17.2克（2-{2-[二甲氧基(苯基)甲基]苯基}-2-丙醇，含少量溶剂）直接用于下一步投料。
步骤3：10，10-二甲基蒽酮的制备
实施例5：在三口瓶中，投入2-[2-(2-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)苯基]-2-丙醇（上一步油状物16.7克）和冰醋酸120ml，控制温度在20度以下滴加浓硫酸10.5ml，滴完升温至30-35℃保温反应4小时，向三口瓶中加入水10ml，升温60-65℃反应6小时，减压浓缩溶剂，加入二氯甲烷200ml溶解，20-25%盐水洗涤分层，二氯甲烷层再用饱和碳酸氢钠水洗涤分层，合并二氯甲烷层，干燥，抽滤，滤液蒸馏浓缩，剩余物加入正己烷50ml，室温搅拌1小时，冷却至0-5℃析晶2小时，抽滤， 滤饼10，10-二甲基蒽酮粗品用异丙醇重结晶，得到10，10-二甲基蒽酮9.6克。
实施例6：在三口瓶中，投入2-[2-(2-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)苯基]-2-丙醇（上一步油状物）和冰醋酸120ml，控制温度在20度以下滴加浓硫酸10.5ml，滴完升温至30-35℃保温反应4小时，向三口瓶中加入水10ml，升温60-65℃反应6小时，减压浓缩溶剂，加入二氯甲烷200ml溶解，20-25%盐水洗涤分层，二氯甲烷层再用饱和碳酸氢钠水洗涤分层，合并二氯甲烷层，干燥，抽滤，滤液蒸馏浓缩，剩余物加入正己烷50ml，室温搅拌1小时，冷却至0-5℃析晶2小时，抽滤，滤饼10，10-二甲基蒽酮粗品用异丙醇重结晶，得到10，10-二甲基蒽酮8.9克。
Claims (5)
1.一种盐酸美利曲辛中间体的合成方法，其特征是通过如下化学反应合成盐酸美利曲辛中间体10,10-二甲基蒽酮，即通过将邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸及其酯以缩酮的形式保护羰基，然后与甲基卤化镁进行格氏反应，最后在酸性条件下脱除保护基并环合得到10,10-二甲基蒽酮，合成路线如下：
2.如权利要求1所述，原料结构中R1代表C1-C4烷基。
3.如权利要求1所述，化合物1结构中R1代表C1-C4烷基；R2代表C1-C4烷基；R3代表C1-C4烷基；其中R2和R3可以是独立的基团，也可以相连而成环，一起代表C1-C4烷基。
4.如权利要求1所述，化合物2结构中R1代表C1-C4烷基；R2代表C1-C4烷基；R3代表C1-C4烷基；其中R2和R3可以是独立的基团，也可以相连而成环，一起代表C1-C4烷基。
5.如权利要求1所述，格氏反应中试剂为甲基卤化镁，结构式为：CH3MgX,其中X代表Cl、Br和I原子。
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