CN114685193A - Preparation of seed soaking liquid for promoting seed germination and seedling growth and seed soaking method - Google Patents
Preparation of seed soaking liquid for promoting seed germination and seedling growth and seed soaking method Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/27—Dispersions, e.g. suspensions or emulsions
Abstract
The invention discloses a seed soaking liquid preparation method for promoting seed germination and seedling growth and a seed soaking method, wherein metal nano particles are placed in distilled water for ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a homogeneous mother liquid, the homogeneous mother liquid is diluted to a preset concentration to obtain a seed soaking liquid, and plant seeds are placed in the seed soaking liquid for 20-40h and then sowed. According to the invention, the metal nano-ions are adopted to prepare the seed soaking liquid, and the small-size effect of the nano-particles enables the seed soaking liquid to be easily absorbed by plants as a nutrient; meanwhile, a plurality of dangling bonds around atoms on the surface of the nano particles further increase the surface binding energy of the nano particles, so that the nano particles can be absorbed by plant roots in soil, the utilization rate of nutrients is improved, and the environmental pollution can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a preparation method of seed soaking liquid for promoting seed germination and seedling growth and a seed soaking method.
Background
Seed soaking is a process of agricultural planting, and generally, seeds are soaked in clear water or a certain solution so as to achieve the purposes of promoting seed germination, strengthening seedling growth or preventing diseases and pests. For the seeds with slower germination, the seeds are soaked before sowing, so that the seeds can be promoted to germinate earlier, and insect eggs and viruses can be killed.
One of the purposes of seed soaking is to make the seeds absorb water faster to reach a moisture content that enables normal germination. The water content of the dried seeds is usually below 15%, the physiological activity is very weak, and the seeds are in a dormant state. After the seeds absorb water, the seed coats swell and soften, oxygen dissolved in the water enters cells along with the water, and enzymes in the seeds start to be activated. The respiration of the embryo is enhanced by the action of the enzyme, and the insoluble matter stored in the endosperm is gradually converted into soluble matter and transported to the embryo part along with the water. The embryo obtains water, energy and nutrient substances, and under the condition of proper temperature and oxygen, the cell begins to divide and elongate, and breaks through the germination of seed coat. It can be seen that to germinate a seed, it must first be allowed to soak up. However, the seed is not germinated in the presence of water, and it must absorb at least 15-18% of its own weight of water to start germination. The water absorption amount reaches 40 percent of the self weight, and the normal germination can be realized.
The second purpose of seed soaking is to kill some of the eggs and viruses present in the seed, for example: the seeds were soaked in formalin. Soaking the seeds in 100-300 times of formalin for 15-30 minutes, taking out, washing with water and sowing. Can be used for preventing and treating sweet melon wilt, anthracnose, red mold, eggplant verticillium wilt, cotton rot, and soybean anthracnose. The seeds were soaked with sodium phosphate. The seeds are firstly soaked in water for 4 hours and then soaked in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20-30 minutes. After being washed by water, the seeds are sowed, so that the virus diseases of the tomatoes and the hot peppers can be prevented and treated. Soaking the seeds with carbendazim. Soaking the seeds of Chinese cabbage, tomato and melon in 50% more than 500 times of the liquid of the foreign carbendazim for 1-2 hours, washing with water, accelerating germination and sowing. White to whiteThe composition has good control effects on white spot disease, black spot disease, early tomato blight, melon anthracnose and powdery mildew. The seeds were soaked with sodium hydroxide. Soaking seeds of melons, eggplants, fruits and vegetables in a 2% sodium hydroxide solution for 10-30 min, washing with water and sowing. Can be used for preventing and controlling various fungal and viral diseases. Seed soaking with amobam. Soaking Chinese cabbage, beans and muskmelon in 200-300 times of 50% ambam for 20-30 minutes, cleaning with clear water, and sowing to prevent and treat downy mildew, anthracnose, white spot of Chinese cabbage, black spot and bean anthracnose of muskmelon. Soaking seeds with thiophanate methyl. Soaking seeds in 0.1% thiophanate methyl for 1 hr, and soaking seeds in clear water
The rice seedlings are fully dried in the sowing process, and the fungal diseases such as rice rhizopus, downy mildew and the like can be prevented. Seed soaking with agricultural streptomycin. Agricultural streptomycin biopesticide with 1000 ten thousand units
Seed soaking
And the method is used for cleaning, accelerating germination and sowing, and effectively preventing and treating vegetable bacterial diseases, anthrax and early diseases.
However, since most of the seed soaking liquids used for seed soaking are chemical reagents, the liquid is likely to remain in the soil to cause soil pollution.
Based on this, the prior art still remains to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a seed soaking solution for promoting the germination of plant seeds and the growth of seedlings, a preparation method thereof and a seed soaking method adopting the seed soaking solution, so as to solve the problem of residual soil pollution of the seed soaking solution in the prior art.
On one hand, according to the preparation method of the seed soaking liquid for promoting the germination of the plant seeds and the growth of the seedlings, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the metal nano particles are placed in distilled water for ultrasonic oscillation to obtain a homogeneous mother liquid, and the homogeneous mother liquid is diluted to a predetermined concentration to obtain the seed soaking liquid.
Further, the predetermined concentration is 1 × 10-10g/ml-1×10-5g/ml。
Further, the ultrasonic oscillation is periodic intermittent ultrasonic oscillation, and the ultrasonic oscillation process is carried out under ice bath conditions.
Further, the periodic intermittent ultrasonic oscillation adopts oscillation frequency of 1-2s of oscillation and 1-2s of intermission, 30-40s is taken as an oscillation period, and each oscillation period is 10-15s apart.
Further, the temperature of the ice bath condition is 0 to 6 ℃.
Further, the volume of the mother liquor to be homogenized during ultrasonic oscillation is not more than 100 mL.
Further, when the volume of the mother solution to be homogenized is 10-20mL, the oscillation period is 3-5, and the oscillation period is increased by 1-2 correspondingly for every 20mL of volume of the average solution.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a seed soaking liquid for promoting the germination of plant seeds and the growth of seedlings, which is prepared by adopting the method.
Further, the metal nanoparticles include nano-iron and/or nano-copper.
In a third aspect, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a seed soaking method for promoting the germination of plant seeds and the growth of seedlings, which comprises the steps of soaking the plant seeds in the seed soaking liquid for 20-40 hours, draining the seeds and then sowing the seeds.
Further, the plant seeds include crop seeds, such as grain crop seeds, vegetable and fruit seeds, and the like.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts metal nano-ions to prepare the seed soaking liquid, and the small-size effect of the nano-particles ensures that the seed soaking liquid is easier to be absorbed by plants as nutrient; meanwhile, a plurality of dangling bonds around atoms on the surface of the nano particles further increase the surface binding energy of the nano particles, so that the nano particles can be absorbed by plant roots in soil, the utilization rate of nutrients is improved, and the environmental pollution can be avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a comparison of wheat emergence rates for one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of wheat yield according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the number of wheatears in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing two entities with the same name but different names or different parameters, and it should be noted that "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not described in any more detail in the following embodiments.
Some embodiments of the invention disclose a plant seed soaking liquid added with metal nano particles, and the preparation and seed soaking method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing aqueous suspension of metal nano particles.
Metal nanoparticles (iron and copper) are weighed and placed in sterile distilled water, and the metal nanoparticles are oscillated by an ultrasonic cell disruptor (Scientz JY 92-IIN) under ice bath conditions (0-6 ℃). Ultrasonic power and program settings: in order to ensure that the energy of the ultrasonic oscillation does not cause accumulation and overheating, the output power is preferably 20% when the operation is performed by taking the ultrasonic power of 1000w as an example, otherwise the solution is easy to overheat, boil and overflow. Setting 30-40s as an oscillation period, and adopting oscillation frequency of 1-2s of oscillation and 1-2s of intermission.
Taking 20ml solution as an example, shaking for 3-5 cycles, wherein each cycle should be separated by 10-15s, and obtaining homogeneous mother liquor. The mother liquor of the above-mentioned metal nanoparticle suspension is diluted with sterile distilled water to a desired concentration, followed by dispersion and cooling as described above, and as the volume of the solution increases, (up to 100ml), 1 to 2 shaking cycles are appropriately added for every 20ml increase.
S2, seed soaking.
Selecting plant seeds with good appearance, washing the plant seeds with clear water, and soaking the plant seeds in a nano solution diluent with a specific concentration. The concentration and soaking time of the nano solution are different according to the plant species, and are generally 20-40 hours.
And S3, sowing.
Taking out the seeds, draining and sowing.
The seed soaking liquid prepared by the invention contains the metal nano particles, the metal nano particles are attached to seed coats through soaking for a preset time, and the metal nano particles are very easy to be absorbed by plants due to the small size effect and the magnetic effect of the metal nano particles, so that the seed soaking liquid has the effect of promoting seed germination and seedling growth and development, and meanwhile, the metal nano particles have a unique antibacterial effect and can kill insect eggs and viruses.
Example 1
Plant variety: wheat-Long Chun 23
The implementation site is as follows: space plant research room of space shenzhou biotechnology group limited company
3 months and 22 days, 10mg of metal nano-particle iron is weighed and placed in a 50ml centrifuge tube containing 10ml of sterile distilled water, so as to obtain 1X 10-3And (3) carrying out shaking homogenization on the metal nano-iron mother liquor in g/ml under the ice bath condition (0-6 ℃) by using an ultrasonic cell disruptor (Scientz JY 92-IIN). In the oscillation process, the output power is 20%, 200w, 30s is set as an oscillation period, the oscillation frequency of 1s oscillation and 1s pause is adopted, 3 oscillation periods are adopted, and the interval of each period is 15s, so that the homogeneous mother liquor can be obtained. By micropipettor and ultrasoundDiluting the mother liquor by 10 times by low temperature oscillation to obtain 1 × 10-4g/ml and 1X 10- 5g/ml of metal nanoparticle solution. Using a micropipette, 0.3ml of the solution was transferred to a concentration of 1X 10-3g/ml、1×10-4g/ml and 1X 10-5g/ml of metal nano-iron solution to 300ml of sterile distilled water to obtain a concentration of 1X 10- 5g/ml、1×10-6g/ml and 1X 10-7300ml of each g/ml of nano-iron working solution, respectively placing 200 wheat seeds in the working solution for seed soaking for 20-40 hours.
And 3, 24 days in 3 months, sowing the wheat seeds soaked by the nano-iron seed soaking liquid in the field, carrying out 4 treatments on 3 nano-iron seed soaking liquid treatments and 1 control, designing a random block, repeating for 3 times, and observing the emergence rate at 15 days in 4 months, wherein the average emergence rate of the control treatments without soaking the seeds by using the nano-iron seed soaking liquid is 85.5%, and the emergence rate of the nano-iron treatments with soaking the seeds by using the nano-iron seed soaking liquid is 92% -95%, which are all higher than the control. The harvest is started at 7 months and the data related to the yield is investigated, and the results show that the yield, the single plant yield and the thousand seed weight average of the treatment of soaking seeds by using the nano iron seed soaking liquid are higher than those of a control, the total yield is improved by 5-20%, the average single plant yield is improved by 3-14%, and the thousand seed weight is improved by 8-17%.
Example 2
Plant variety: chili-pepper king
The implementation place is as follows: space plant research room of space shenzhou biotechnology group limited company
3, 19 months and 2017, 1mg of metal nano-particle copper is weighed and placed in a 50ml centrifuge tube containing 10ml of sterile distilled water, so as to obtain 1 × 10-4The mother solution of the metal nano-copper in g/ml is homogenized by shaking under ice bath conditions (0-6 ℃) by using an ultrasonic cell disruptor (Scientz JY 92-IIN). In the oscillation process, the output power is 20%, 200w, 30s is set as an oscillation period, the oscillation frequency of 1s oscillation and 1s pause is adopted, 3 oscillation periods are adopted, and the interval of each period is 15s, so that the homogeneous mother liquor can be obtained. Diluting the mother liquor by 10 times step by using a micropipettor and ultrasonic low-temperature oscillation to obtain 1 × 10-5g/ml and 1X 10- 6g/ml of metal nanoparticle solution. Using a micropipette, the 0.1ml of the solution was transferred to a concentration of 1X 10-4g/ml、1×10-5g/ml and 1X 10-6g/ml of metal nano-copper solution to 100ml of sterile distilled water to obtain a concentration of 1X 10- 6g/ml、1×10-7g/ml and 1X 10-8100ml of each nano-copper working solution of g/ml, respectively placing 200 pepper seeds in the working solution for seed soaking for 20-40 hours.
3, 20 days in month, sowing the pepper seeds soaked for 20-40 hours by the nano-copper seed soaking liquid in a cold shed, carrying out 4 treatments on 3 nano-copper seed soaking liquid treatments and 1 control, designing random block, repeating for 3 times, and observing the emergence rate from 4 months to 5 days, wherein the average emergence rate of the seed soaking liquid without using the nano-copper seed soaking liquid in the control treatment is 79.5 percent, the average emergence rate of the seed soaking liquid with the nano-copper seed soaking liquid is 83-90 percent, and the average emergence rate of the seed soaking liquid with the nano-copper seed soaking liquid is improved by 3.5-10.5 percent compared with the control.
Example 3
Plant variety: corn-boat raising 30
The implementation place is as follows: space plant research room of space shenzhou biotechnology group limited company
In 2017, 3 and 25 months, the corn seeds are subjected to nano-iron seed soaking treatment in a laboratory, 4 nano-iron concentration treatments are set, each treatment comprises 120 corn seeds, and the nano-iron concentration is respectively 1 multiplied by 10-4g/ml、1×10-5g/ml、1×10-6g/ml、1×10-7g/ml and 1X 10-8g/ml, and the seed soaking time is 20-40 hours.
3, 27 days after the 3 months, sowing the corn seeds subjected to the nano-iron seed soaking treatment in a field, and performing data analysis after harvesting, wherein the results show that the concentration is 1 multiplied by 10-4The average yield of the nano iron seed soaking liquid soaked in g/ml is 347.1g, and is improved by 6.33 percent compared with 326.47g of a control.
Example 4
Plant variety: semen glycines and semen Phaseoli Radiati
The bean crop experiment is respectively provided with 4 nano-iron metal particle concentration treatments (1 multiplied by 10)-4g/ml、1×10-5g/ml、1×10-6g/ml、1×10-7g/ml、1×10-8g/ml and 1X 10-9g/ml), the seed soaking time is 20-40 hours. Each treatment of mung beans was 220 grains, and soybeans were 100 grains. The experimental result shows that the average single-plant yield of the mung beans treated by the nano iron seed soaking liquid is improved by 8-19% compared with the control. The soybean experimental data show that the average yield of the soybeans treated by the nano-iron seed soaking is 10-21% higher than that of the control.
Example 5
Plant variety: spring wheat (Long Chun No. 23)
Using the metallic nano-iron mother liquor of example 1, 6 concentrations (1X 10) were set-5％、1×10-6％、1×10-7％、1×10-8％、1×10-9％、1×10-10%) was used to soak wheat seeds for 40 hours. Each treated 200 seeds were directly sown in the field by hand, and 200 seeds were sown in the untreated control group. Respectively acquiring the wheat emergence rate, the wheat yield and the wheat spike number under the control group and the nano-iron seed soaking treatment with different concentrations, and as shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, data analysis shows that when the concentration of the nano-iron is 1 multiplied by 10-5% of the total amount of the nano iron, the emergence rate of the wheat is the highest and is 22% higher than that of the control, the average single-plant yield and the single-plant spike number of the 6 nano iron treatment are both higher than that of the control, the average single-plant yield is improved by 1-15%, and the average single-plant spike number is improved by 8-15%.
In conclusion, the invention prepares the metal nano-particle iron, copper and the like into seed soaking liquid according to certain concentration, then puts crop seeds into the nano seed soaking liquid for soaking for 20-40 hours, and takes effects of preventing diseases and sterilizing, promoting seed germination and seedling growth and development by utilizing the unique characteristics of the metal nano-particle, wherein the nano-iron mainly plays a role of promoting plant growth and development, and the nano-copper mainly plays a role of preventing diseases and sterilizing, and preventing plant diseases and insect pests.
It should be particularly noted that the various components or steps in the above embodiments can be mutually intersected, replaced, added or deleted, and therefore, the combination formed by the reasonable permutation and combination conversion shall also belong to the protection scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments.
The above is an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, and the order of disclosure of the above embodiment of the present disclosure is only for description and does not represent the merits of the embodiment. It should be noted that the discussion of any embodiment above is exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, of embodiments of the invention is limited to those examples, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope, as defined in the claims. The functions, steps and/or actions of the method claims in accordance with the disclosed embodiments described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements of the embodiments of the invention may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, of embodiments of the invention is limited to these examples; within the idea of an embodiment of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiment or in different embodiments may be combined and there are many other variations of the different aspects of an embodiment of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements, and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of seed soaking liquid for promoting plant seed germination and seedling growth is characterized in that metal nanoparticles are placed in distilled water for ultrasonic oscillation to obtain homogeneous mother liquid, and the homogeneous mother liquid is diluted to a preset concentration to obtain the seed soaking liquid.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic oscillation is periodic intermittent ultrasonic oscillation, and the ultrasonic oscillation process is performed under ice bath conditions.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the periodic intermittent ultrasonic oscillation employs an oscillation frequency of 1-2s for oscillation and 1-2s for intermittent operation, and an oscillation period of 30-40s is provided, each oscillation period being provided at an interval of 10-15 s.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the ice bath conditions are at a temperature of 0-6 ℃.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the volume of the mother liquor to be homogenized by ultrasonic vibration is not more than 100 mL.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shaking period is 3-5 when the volume of the mother solution to be homogenized is 10-20mL, and the shaking period is increased by 1-2 for each 20mL increase of the volume of the mean solution.
7. A seed dip for promoting germination of plant seeds and growth of seedlings, which is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The seed soaking liquid of claim 7, wherein the metal nanoparticles comprise nano-iron and/or nano-copper.
9. A seed soaking method for promoting germination of plant seeds and growth of seedlings, which comprises soaking plant seeds in the seed soaking liquid of claim 7 or 8 for 20-40 hours, draining the seeds, and sowing.
10. The seed soaking method of claim 9, wherein the plant seed comprises a crop seed.
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| CN106034485A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 北京神舟绿鹏农业科技有限公司 | Nanometal particle coating agent for seeds and coating method |
| US20180042239A1 (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2018-02-15 | Nano-Tech Polska Sp. Z O.O. Sp. K. | Method for stimulation of seeds |
| CN110407639A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-05 | 深圳天玑芯科技有限公司 | A kind of nanoparticle water and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| US20180042239A1 (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2018-02-15 | Nano-Tech Polska Sp. Z O.O. Sp. K. | Method for stimulation of seeds |
| CN106034485A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 北京神舟绿鹏农业科技有限公司 | Nanometal particle coating agent for seeds and coating method |
| CN110407639A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-05 | 深圳天玑芯科技有限公司 | A kind of nanoparticle water and the preparation method and application thereof |
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