CN114632563A - Droplet microfluidic chip and preparation method of micro-droplets - Google Patents

Droplet microfluidic chip and preparation method of micro-droplets Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114632563A
CN114632563A CN202210395685.9A CN202210395685A CN114632563A CN 114632563 A CN114632563 A CN 114632563A CN 202210395685 A CN202210395685 A CN 202210395685A CN 114632563 A CN114632563 A CN 114632563A
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flow channel
liquid
flow
micro
chip
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CN114632563B (en
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江帆
黄玉琴
颜举
冯铁麟
黄君宏
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Guangzhou University
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Guangzhou University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/50273Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2400/00Moving or stopping fluids
    • B01L2400/04Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
    • B01L2400/0403Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
    • B01L2400/0415Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces electrical forces, e.g. electrokinetic
    • B01L2400/0427Electrowetting

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a droplet microfluidic chip and a preparation method of micro-droplets, which relate to the technical field of microfluidics and comprise the following steps: the chip plate is internally provided with a flow channel, and the flow channel is provided with a liquid flow inlet and a micro-liquid drop outlet; the top cover is attached to the top of the chip board; the substrate is attached to the bottom of the chip board; the electrowetting power mechanism comprises a pump cavity and an electrode layer, the pump cavity is arranged on the chip board and is communicated with the flow channel in an intersecting manner, the electrode layer is positioned in the pump cavity, electrowetting liquid is filled in the pump cavity, and voltage on the electrode layer is periodically changed to drive the electrowetting liquid to move in the pump cavity in a reciprocating manner. According to the invention, the electrowetting liquid is driven to periodically extrude the liquid flow in the chip board flow channel through the periodic change of the external power supply of the electrowetting power mechanism so as to prepare the micro liquid drop, compared with the existing control mode, the micro liquid drop preparation method has the advantages of rapider response, higher control sensitivity and precision and higher efficiency of preparing the micro liquid drop; the liquid drops with different sizes can be formed by adjusting the power supply frequency, the generation mode is simple, and the operation is convenient.

Description

Droplet microfluidic chip and preparation method of micro-droplets
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microfluidics, in particular to a droplet microfluidic chip and a preparation method of micro droplets.
Background
Microfluidics (Microfluidics) refers to a technique for manipulating fluids in the micron-scale space. The droplet microfluidics is an important branch in the research of microfluidic chips, and is developed on the basis of the traditional continuous flow microfluidic system in recent years, and the droplet microfluidics technology has wide application in biomedicine, for example, the consumption of reaction reagents can be reduced and the utilization rate of the reagents can be improved by accurately controlling the micro-droplets in the reaction. The prepared micro-droplets with tens of thousands or even millions of good monodispersity and picoliters can be used as independent reaction units to realize qualitative or quantitative application in the aspects of molecular diagnosis, immune biochemistry, cell culture, polymer synthesis, single cell analysis, drug transportation and the like by combining means such as fluorescence imaging analysis, spectroscopy, electrochemistry, capillary electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemiluminescence method and the like.
The driving modes related to the generation of liquid drops are various, the hydrodynamic method is one of the driving modes, and the structural characteristics of the intersection of two channels are utilized to enable dispersed phase liquid to be dispersed in a continuous phase in a liquid drop mode under the action of continuous phase shearing force, wherein the most common driving mode is a syringe pump, a peristaltic pump or pressure, but the driving modes are all mechanical driving, have stroke errors and are not high in control precision; the patent CN 111030418B-a double-cavity micropump based on the electrowetting phenomenon discloses an electrowetting power mechanism, which realizes the control of the moving direction of the electrowetting liquid through the positive and negative changes of an external power supply, and if the driving mode of a micro-fluidic chip can be improved by using the principle of the mechanism, the control precision of the micro-droplet preparation process can be higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a droplet microfluidic chip and a preparation method of micro-droplets, which can ensure that the control precision of the micro-droplet preparation process is higher;
the invention provides a droplet microfluidic chip, comprising:
the chip plate is internally provided with a flow channel, and the flow channel is provided with a liquid flow inlet and a micro-liquid drop outlet;
the top cover is attached to the top of the chip board;
the substrate is attached to the bottom of the chip board;
the electrowetting power mechanism comprises a pump cavity and an electrode layer, the pump cavity is arranged on the chip board and is communicated with the flow channel in an intersecting manner, the electrode layer is located in the pump cavity, electrowetting liquid is filled in the pump cavity, and the voltage on the electrode layer is periodically changed to drive the electrowetting liquid to move in the pump cavity in a reciprocating manner.
Further, the chip board comprises a first chip board and a second chip board which are attached to each other, the top cover is attached to the top of the first chip board, and the substrate is attached to the bottom of the second chip board.
Furthermore, a first flow channel and a second flow channel are arranged on the first chip board, the first flow channel is intersected with the second flow channel, the liquid flow inlet and the micro-liquid drop outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the first flow channel, and an external phase liquid inlet is respectively arranged at two ends of the second flow channel.
Furthermore, a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel are arranged on the second chip board, the third flow channel is intersected with the fourth flow channel, the liquid flow inlet and the micro-droplet outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the third flow channel, and an external phase liquid inlet is respectively arranged at two ends of the fourth flow channel.
Further, the micro-droplet outlet on the first flow channel and the micro-droplet outlet on the second flow channel are respectively located on two different sides of the chip board.
Further, the liquid stream inlet comprises an inner phase liquid inlet and an intermediate phase liquid inlet which are annularly arranged.
Further, the pump chambers include a first pump chamber located on the first chip board and a second pump chamber located on the second chip board, the first pump chamber is communicated with the first flow channel in an intersecting manner, the second flow channel is located between the liquid flow inlet of the first flow channel and the first pump chamber, the second pump chamber is communicated with the third flow channel in an intersecting manner, and the fourth flow channel is located between the liquid flow inlet of the third flow channel and the second pump chamber.
Further, the both ends of first pump chamber with the both ends intercommunication of second pump chamber, the laminating has the dielectric material hydrophobic layer on the electrode layer, on the first pump chamber the electrode layer is connected with first wire, on the second pump chamber the electrode layer is connected with the second wire, first wire with the second wire passes through respectively through the chip board.
Furthermore, the top cover and the substrate are respectively provided with a liquid changing hole in a penetrating mode, and the liquid changing hole is communicated with the first pump cavity and the second pump cavity.
The invention also provides a micro-droplet preparation method of the droplet micro-fluidic chip, which comprises the following steps:
s1: an inner phase liquid inlet of the first chip plate is filled with an inner phase liquid, an intermediate phase liquid inlet is filled with an intermediate phase liquid, and a two-phase annular flow is formed in the first flow channel between the second flow channel and the liquid flow inlet; injecting internal phase liquid into an internal phase liquid inlet of the second chip plate, injecting intermediate phase liquid into an intermediate phase liquid inlet, and forming two-phase annular flow in a third flow channel between the fourth flow channel and the liquid flow inlet;
s2: an external phase liquid inlet of the first chip plate is filled with external phase liquid, and the external phase liquid enters the first flow channel from the second flow channel to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form three-phase annular flow; an external phase liquid inlet of the second chip plate is filled with external phase liquid, and the external phase liquid enters the third flow channel from the fourth flow channel to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form a three-phase annular flow;
s3: the first lead is connected with the anode of an external power supply, the second lead is connected with the cathode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid positioned on the same side of the first flow channel and the third flow channel moves to the first flow channel to extrude the three-phase annular flow to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from a micro-droplet outlet of the first flow channel;
s4: the first lead is connected with the cathode of an external power supply, the second lead is connected with the anode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid positioned on the same side of the first flow channel and the third flow channel moves to the third flow channel to extrude the three-phase annular flow to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from a micro-droplet outlet of the third flow channel.
According to the technical scheme, the electrowetting liquid is driven to periodically extrude the liquid flow in the chip board flow channel through the periodic change of the external power supply of the electrowetting power mechanism so as to prepare the micro liquid drop, and the movement of the electrowetting liquid is directly driven and controlled by using an electric signal, so that the energy consumption and the time delay of mechanical transmission are avoided, the reaction is quicker compared with the existing control mode, the control sensitivity and the control precision are higher, and the efficiency of preparing the micro liquid drop is higher; the liquid drops with different sizes can be formed by adjusting the power supply frequency, the generation mode is simple, and the operation is convenient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an interior perspective view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the present invention of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an interior perspective view of FIG. 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a first chip board of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view taken at A of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view taken at B of FIG. 5 according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view at the pump chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a method for preparing micro-droplets according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-chip plate, 101-first chip plate, 102-second chip plate, 103-liquid stream inlet, 104-micro-droplet outlet, 105-external phase liquid inlet
1011-first flow channel, 1012-second flow channel
1021-third flow passage, 1022-fourth flow passage
1031-internal phase liquid inlet, 1032-intermediate phase liquid inlet
2-coping
3-substrate
4-electrowetting power mechanism, 401-first pump cavity, 402-second pump cavity, 403-electrode layer, 404-dielectric material hydrophobic layer, 405-first lead, 406-second lead
5-liquid changing hole, 501-liquid changing pipe and 502-liquid changing cover
6-internal phase liquid, 7-intermediate phase liquid, 8-external phase liquid, 9-three-phase micro-droplet and 10-electrowetting liquid
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a droplet microfluidic chip, comprising: the chip plate 1 is internally provided with a flow channel, and the flow channel is provided with a liquid flow inlet 103 and a micro-liquid drop outlet 104; the top cover 2 is attached to the top of the chip board 1; a substrate 3 attached to the bottom of the chip board 1; the electrowetting power mechanism 4 comprises a pump cavity and an electrode layer 403, the pump cavity is arranged on the chip board 1 and is communicated with the flow channel in an intersecting manner, the electrode layer 403 is positioned in the pump cavity, the pump cavity is filled with the electrowetting liquid 10, and the voltage on the electrode layer 403 periodically changes to drive the electrowetting liquid 10 to move back and forth in the pump cavity. .
Specifically, the top cover 2 is stacked above the chip board 1 to seal the top surface of the chip board 1, the substrate 3 is stacked below the chip board 1 to seal the bottom surface of the chip board 1, the chip board 1 is sandwiched between the top cover 2 and the substrate 3, and the liquid flow enters the flow channel from the liquid flow inlet 103 and moves toward the droplet outlet 104. When the liquid flow moves to the position where the flow channel and the pump cavity intersect, the electrode layers 403 in the pump cavity at two sides of the flow channel are electrified, the electrowetting liquid 10 in the pump cavity is acted by the electrowetting phenomenon, moves from two sides of the flow channel to the flow channel, and squeezes the liquid flow in the flow channel (the electrowetting liquid 10 is not mutually soluble with the inner phase liquid 6 and the outer phase liquid 7), so that the liquid flow of the continuous phase is dispersed, and the liquid flow of the continuous phase is dispersed into liquid drops through the periodic rapid moving squeezing of the electrowetting liquid 10, and then the liquid drops flow out from the micro-liquid drop outlet 104. For the specific principle of the electrowetting phenomenon (by changing the potential between the electrode layer 403 and the electrowetting liquid 10, further changing the surface energy of the contact surface between the pump cavity and the electrowetting liquid 10, and finally changing the contact angle therebetween, when the contact angle changes, the electrowetting liquid 10 moves), the present invention belongs to the prior art in the field, and reference may be specifically made to the patent documents mentioned in the background art, and details are not repeated. Specifically, in this embodiment 1, the electrode layers 403 may be disposed on the two inner side walls of the pump cavities on the two sides of the flow channel and connected to an external power supply (i.e., the pump cavity on each side of the flow channel is controlled independently, and the electric immersion liquids in the pump cavities on the two sides move synchronously in different directions to squeeze the liquid flow), or the electrode layers 403 may be disposed on the two inner side walls of the pump cavity on one side of the flow channel and connected to an external power supply (i.e., only the pump cavity on one side of the flow channel is controlled, so that the electric immersion liquids in the pump cavities on the two sides move synchronously in the same direction to shear the liquid flow), so that the continuous phase liquid flow can be dispersed into a plurality of liquid drops.
Example 2
This example 2 specifically describes the technical scheme of preparing two-phase droplets and discharging liquid from the chip board 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the chip board 1 includes a first chip board 1011 and a second chip board 1021 attached to each other, a top cover 2 is attached to the top of the first chip board 1011, and a substrate 3 is attached to the bottom of the second chip board 1021. The first chip plate 1011 is provided with a first flow channel 1011 and a second flow channel 1012, the first flow channel 1011 is intersected with the second flow channel 1012, both ends of the first flow channel 1011 are respectively provided with a liquid flow inlet 103 and a micro-liquid drop outlet 104, and both ends of the second flow channel 1012 are respectively provided with an external phase liquid inlet 105. A third flow channel 1021 and a fourth flow channel 1022 are arranged on the second chip plate 1021, the third flow channel 1021 and the fourth flow channel 1022 are intersected, a liquid stream inlet 103 and a micro-droplet outlet 104 are respectively arranged at two ends of the third flow channel 1021, and an external phase liquid inlet 105 is respectively arranged at two ends of the fourth flow channel 1022. The micro-droplet outlet 104 on the first channel 1011 and the micro-droplet outlet 104 on the second channel 1012 are located on different sides of the chip board 1.
Specifically, in this embodiment 2, two chip boards 1 are stacked, a first channel 1011 and a second channel 1012 are formed on the first chip board 1011, and extend through the entire top surface of the chip board 1, the first channel 1011 and the second channel 1012 cross each other, and after a liquid flow enters the first channel 1011 from the liquid flow inlet 103 of the first channel 1011, the liquid flow is wrapped by an external phase liquid 8 entering from the external phase liquid inlet 105 of the second channel 1012 at the crossing position of the second channel 1012, so as to form a two-phase liquid. Then the bidirectional liquid continues to advance along the first flow channel 1011, and after reaching the pump cavity, the bidirectional liquid is extruded by the electrowetting liquid 10 in the pump cavity and dispersed into two-phase micro-droplets, namely the principle of preparing the two-phase liquid by the device.
In addition, in the present apparatus, the third flow channel 1021 and the fourth flow channel 1022 on the second chip plate 1021 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first flow channel 1011 and the second flow channel 1012 on the first chip plate 1011, that is, the micro-droplet outlets 104 of the second chip plate 1021 and the first chip plate 1011 are respectively located on different sides of the whole stack of the chip plates 1, so that the present apparatus can discharge micro-droplets from two different directions by the difference in the moving direction of the electrowetting liquid 10.
In addition, in the device, two external phase liquid inlets 105 are arranged on the top cover 2 and are connected with the external phase liquid inlets 105 on the second flow channel 1012; two external phase liquid inlets 105 arranged on the substrate 3 are connected with the external phase liquid inlet 105 on the fourth flow passage 1022;
example 3
This example 3 describes a technical scheme for preparing three-phase micro-droplets by using a chip board 1:
as shown in fig. 6, the liquid inlet 103 includes an inner phase liquid inlet 1031 and an intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032 arranged in a ring shape.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, in the present apparatus, the annular internal phase liquid inlet 1031 and intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032 are disposed on the liquid inlet 103, the internal phase liquid 6 is injected into the internal phase liquid inlet 1031, and the intermediate phase liquid 7 is injected into the intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032, so that the liquid flow entering the first flow channel 1011/third flow channel 1021 is a two-phase annular flow, and after contacting with the external phase liquid 8 in the second flow channel 1012/fourth flow channel 1022, a three-phase annular flow is formed, and is dispersed into three-phase micro-droplets at the electrowetting power mechanism 4.
Example 4
This example 4 describes a specific scheme for bi-directionally preparing micro-droplets on the first chip board 1011 and the second chip board 1021:
as shown in fig. 1-4, 5, 7 and 8, the pump chambers include a first pump chamber 401 located on a first chip board 1011 and a second pump chamber 402 located on a second chip board 1021, the first pump chamber 401 is in intersecting communication with a first flow channel 1011, a second flow channel 1012 is located between the liquid flow inlet 103 of the first flow channel 1011 and the first pump chamber 401, the second pump chamber 402 is in intersecting communication with a third flow channel 1021, and a fourth flow channel 1022 is located between the liquid flow inlet 103 of the third flow channel 1021 and the second pump chamber 402. Two ends of the first pump cavity 401 are communicated with two ends of the second pump cavity 402, the dielectric material hydrophobic layer 404 is attached to the electrode layer 403, the electrode layer 403 on the first pump cavity 401 is connected with the first lead 405, the electrode layer 403 on the second pump cavity 402 is connected with the second lead 406, and the first lead 405 and the second lead 406 respectively penetrate through the chip board 1.
Specifically, the first pump chamber 401 and the second pump chamber 402 are respectively disposed at the same positions of the first chip board 1011 and the second chip board 1021 (specifically, at the middle portions of the first flow channel 1011 and the third flow channel 1021), and are respectively in cross-communication with the first flow channel 1011 and the third flow channel 1021. The ends of the first pump chamber 401 and the second pump chamber 402 on the same side of the first flow path 1011 and the second flow path 1012 are connected by connecting holes extending in opposite directions. A part of the first pump cavity 401 located on the same side of the first flow channel 1011 and a part of the second pump cavity 402 located on the same side of the second flow channel 1012 form two passages, the inner side walls of the first pump cavity 401 and the second pump cavity 402 are respectively provided with an electrode layer 403, a barrier pad for preventing the conducting action between the two electrode layers 403 is arranged between the two electrode layers 403, and the barrier pad is made of hydrophobic material.
Then at this point:
as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9, the flowing direction of the electrowetting liquid 10 is indicated by arrows, when the first lead 405 of the electrode layer 403 on the first pump cavity 401 is externally connected with the positive electrode of the dc power supply, and the second lead 406 of the electrode layer 403 on the second pump cavity 402 is externally connected with the negative electrode of the dc power supply, the electrowetting liquid 10 in the second pump cavity 402 moves into the first pump cavity 401 through the connection between the two side ends, the electrowetting liquid 10 in the first pump cavity 401 at the two sides of the first flow channel 1011 squeezes the continuous phase three-phase liquid in the first flow channel 1011 to form three-phase micro-droplets, and the three-phase micro-droplets are discharged from the micro-droplet outlet 104 at one side of the whole device;
when the first lead 405 of the electrode layer 403 on the first pump cavity 401 is externally connected with the negative electrode of the dc power supply, the second lead 406 of the electrode layer 403 on the second pump cavity 402 is externally connected with the positive electrode of the dc power supply, and the flow direction of the electrowetting liquid 10 in fig. 8 is opposite, the electrowetting liquid 10 in the first pump cavity 401 moves into the second pump cavity 402 through the connection point of the two side end parts, and the electrowetting liquid 10 on the two sides of the third flow channel 1021 in the second pump cavity 402 extrudes the continuous three-phase liquid in the third flow channel 1021 to form three-phase micro-droplets, which are discharged from the micro-droplet outlet 104 on the other side of the whole device;
the above is a specific scheme of this embodiment 4 for realizing bidirectional micro-droplet preparation by the first chip board 1011 and the second chip board 1021 through the first pump chamber 401 and the second pump chamber 402, and mainly changes the positive and negative changes of the external power supply connected to the first lead 405 and the second lead 406 to control the change of the moving direction of the electrowetting liquid 10 in the first pump chamber 401 and the second pump chamber 402 communicated with each other at two sides, so as to realize the squeezing action of the continuous multi-phase liquid in the first flow channel 1011 or the third flow channel 1021. The specific electrowetting phenomenon and principle belong to the prior art in the field, and patent documents or other relevant textbooks and the like in the background art can be referred to, and are not described any further.
As shown in fig. 8, liquid changing holes 5 are respectively formed through the top cover 2 and the substrate 3, and the liquid changing holes 5 communicate with the first pump chamber 401 and the second pump chamber 402.
Specifically, the liquid changing holes 5 are located on the top surface of the top cover 2 and the bottom surface of the substrate 3, and are mainly used for adding/changing the electrowetting liquid 10 into the pump cavity. In addition, a liquid exchange tube 501 is connected to the liquid exchange hole 5, and a liquid exchange cover 502 is provided on the liquid exchange tube 501 in a matching manner. When the liquid is changed, the liquid changing cover 502 is opened to connect the liquid changing pipe 501 with the liquid source.
Example 5
This example 5 describes a specific method for preparing micro-droplets by the above microfluidic chip:
as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present invention further provides a method for preparing micro-droplets of a droplet microfluidic chip, comprising the following steps:
s1: an internal phase liquid inlet 1031 of the first chip plate 1011 injects an internal phase liquid 6, an intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032 injects an intermediate phase liquid 7, and a two-phase annular flow is formed in the first flow channel 1011 between the second flow channel 1012 and the liquid flow inlet 103; an internal phase liquid inlet 1031 of the second chip plate 1021 injects an internal phase liquid 6, and an intermediate phase liquid inlet 1032 injects an intermediate phase liquid 7, so as to form a two-phase annular flow in the third flow channel 1021 between the fourth flow channel 1022 and the liquid flow inlet 103;
specifically, the first flow channel 1011 or the third flow channel 1021 is maintained in a continuous two-phase annular flow state until it reaches the second flow channel 1012 or the fourth flow channel 1022.
S2: an external phase liquid inlet 105 of the first chip plate 1011 injects external phase liquid 8, and the external phase liquid enters the first flow channel 1011 from the second flow channel 1012 to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form three-phase annular flow; an external phase liquid 8 is injected into an external phase liquid inlet 105 of the second chip plate 1021 and enters a third flow channel 1021 through a fourth flow channel 1022 to wrap a two-phase annular flow to form a three-phase annular flow;
specifically, after passing through the second flow channel 1012 or the fourth flow channel 1022, a continuous three-phase circular flow state is formed in the first flow channel 1011 or the third flow channel 1021.
S3: the first lead 405 is connected with the positive pole of an external power supply, the second lead 406 is connected with the negative pole of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid 10 on the same side of the first flow channel 1011 and the third flow channel 1021 moves to the first flow channel 1011 to extrude the three-phase annular flow to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from the micro-droplet outlet 104 of the first flow channel 1011;
specifically, the electrowetting liquid 10 moves towards the positive electrode, and is polymerized into the first flow channel 1011, and the three-phase annular flow is extruded to form a micro-droplet, and the micro-droplet is discharged from one side of the whole micro-fluidic chuck.
S4: the first lead 405 is connected to the negative electrode of the external power supply, the second lead 406 is connected to the positive electrode of the external power supply, and the electrowetting liquid 10 located on the same side of the first flow channel 1011 and the third flow channel 1021 moves toward the third flow channel 1021 to squeeze the three-phase annular flow to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from the micro-droplet outlet 104 of the third flow channel 1021.
Specifically, the electrowetting liquid 10 moves towards the positive electrode, and is polymerized in the third flow channel 1021, the three-phase annular flow is extruded to form micro droplets, and the micro droplets are discharged from the other side of the whole micro-fluidic chuck.
In addition, in the microfluidic chip of the present invention, the liquid flow may be injected into both the first chip board 1011 and the second chip board 1021 at the same time to perform bidirectional synchronous preparation of micro-droplets, or the liquid flow may be injected into only one of the first chip board 1011 or the second chip board 1021 to perform unidirectional preparation of micro-droplets. In the invention, the reciprocating movement of the electrowetting liquid 10 in the first pump cavity 401 and the second pump cavity 402 is controlled by the periodic change of the anode and the cathode of the external power supply, so that the size of the prepared micro-droplets can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the potential difference or the periodic change frequency of the anode and the cathode, which is another advantage of the invention.
The process of the present invention is described in detail in example 5, and is not described again.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A droplet microfluidic chip, comprising:
the chip plate is internally provided with a flow channel, and the flow channel is provided with a liquid flow inlet and a micro-liquid drop outlet;
the top cover is attached to the top of the chip board;
the substrate is attached to the bottom of the chip board;
the electrowetting power mechanism comprises a pump cavity and an electrode layer, the pump cavity is arranged on the chip board and is communicated with the flow channel in an intersecting manner, the electrode layer is located in the pump cavity, electrowetting liquid is filled in the pump cavity, and the voltage on the electrode layer is periodically changed to drive the electrowetting liquid to move in the pump cavity in a reciprocating manner.
2. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, wherein the chip board comprises a first chip board and a second chip board attached to each other, the top cover is attached to the top of the first chip board, and the substrate is attached to the bottom of the second chip board.
3. The droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 2, wherein the first chip board has a first channel and a second channel, the first channel intersects the second channel, the two ends of the first channel are respectively provided with the liquid inlet and the droplet outlet, and the two ends of the second channel are respectively provided with the external phase inlet.
4. The droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 3, wherein a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel are disposed on the second chip board, the third flow channel intersects with the fourth flow channel, the two ends of the third flow channel are respectively provided with the liquid inlet and the droplet outlet, and the two ends of the fourth flow channel are respectively provided with the external phase inlet.
5. The droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 4, wherein the droplet outlet on the first channel and the droplet outlet on the second channel are located on different sides of the chip board.
6. A droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 5, wherein the liquid stream inlets comprise an inner phase liquid inlet and an intermediate phase liquid inlet arranged in a ring.
7. The droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 6, wherein the pump chamber comprises a first pump chamber located on the first chip board and a second pump chamber located on the second chip board, the first pump chamber is in intersecting communication with the first flow channel, the second flow channel is located between the liquid flow inlet of the first flow channel and the first pump chamber, the second pump chamber is in intersecting communication with the third flow channel, and the fourth flow channel is located between the liquid flow inlet of the third flow channel and the second pump chamber.
8. A droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 7, wherein two ends of the first pump chamber are connected to two ends of the second pump chamber, a hydrophobic layer of dielectric material is attached to the electrode layer, the electrode layer of the first pump chamber is connected to a first lead, the electrode layer of the second pump chamber is connected to a second lead, and the first lead and the second lead respectively penetrate through the chip board.
9. The droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 8, wherein a liquid changing hole is respectively formed through the top cover and the substrate, and the liquid changing hole is communicated with the first pump chamber and the second pump chamber.
10. A method of preparing micro-droplets using a droplet microfluidic chip according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
s1: an inner phase liquid inlet of the first chip plate is filled with an inner phase liquid, an intermediate phase liquid inlet is filled with an intermediate phase liquid, and a two-phase annular flow is formed in the first flow channel between the second flow channel and the liquid flow inlet; injecting internal phase liquid into an internal phase liquid inlet of the second chip plate, injecting intermediate phase liquid into an intermediate phase liquid inlet, and forming two-phase annular flow in a third flow channel between the fourth flow channel and the liquid flow inlet;
s2: an external phase liquid inlet of the first chip plate is filled with external phase liquid, and the external phase liquid enters the first flow channel from the second flow channel to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form three-phase annular flow; external phase liquid is injected into an external phase liquid inlet of the second chip board and enters the third flow channel from the fourth flow channel to wrap the two-phase annular flow to form a three-phase annular flow;
s3: the first lead is connected with the anode of an external power supply, the second lead is connected with the cathode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid positioned on the same side of the first flow channel and the third flow channel moves to the first flow channel to extrude the three-phase annular flow to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from a micro-droplet outlet of the first flow channel;
s4: the first lead is connected with the negative electrode of an external power supply, the second lead is connected with the positive electrode of the external power supply, the electrowetting liquid positioned on the same side of the first flow channel and the third flow channel moves to the third flow channel to extrude the three-phase annular flow to form micro-droplets, and the micro-droplets flow out from the micro-droplet outlet of the third flow channel.
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