CN114586720A

CN114586720A - Combined flexible artificial fish reef

Info

Publication number: CN114586720A
Application number: CN202210229459.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢学强; 韩承龙; 木下稔久; 山下修; 刘克奉; 郭彪; 郑德斌; 王文晖; 朱琳; 冯剑丰
Original assignee: Tbr Co ltd; Tianjin city aquatic product research institute; Nankai University
Current assignee: Tbr Co ltd; Tianjin city aquatic product research institute; Nankai University
Priority date: 2022-03-09
Filing date: 2022-03-09
Publication date: 2022-06-07

Abstract

A combined flexible artificial fish reef belongs to the field of marine ranching equipment. The reef body is of a cubic structure and comprises a lower artificial seaweed bed and an upper flexible floating fish reef which are arranged from bottom to top, wherein the lower artificial seaweed bed is connected with the upper flexible floating fish reef through an upper anchor rope; the lower artificial seaweed bed is placed at the bottom of the sea, and the nodes are connected with anchors through lower anchor ropes and sink to the sea bottom to play a role in fixing; the upper layer floating fish reef is placed on the upper layer of the sea, and each artificial seaweed of the reef body is woven by a plurality of extremely fine strings, so that the biological attachment area is effectively increased; the reef body installation direction is vertical to the water flow direction. The artificial fish reef can be widely applied to artificial fish reef occasions, can provide breeding, growing and inhabiting places for marine organisms in the middle layer and the upper layer of the sea, has a large range of related water areas, and is beneficial to large-scale marine ecological restoration.

Description

Combined flexible artificial fish reef

Technical Field

The invention relates to a combined flexible artificial fish reef, and belongs to the technical field of artificial fish reefs.

Background

Currently, the marine ranch construction industry has entered a new development period. The artificial fish reef is put in the habitat construction stage of the marine ranch construction. The artificial fish reef is an underwater structure artificially arranged in the sea, can affect the adjacent physical and chemical environment and biological environment, and plays roles in protecting and proliferating the yield of fish, flourishing leisure fishery activities, reducing coastal erosion and the like.

The existing artificial fish reef is mostly of a single-layer structure, can only provide a habitat for marine organisms within a certain depth range, and is single in structure and small in ecological restoration range. In addition, the materials of the existing artificial fish reef mainly comprise stones, waste tires, concrete frames, waste ships and vehicles, steel, shells and the like. The fish reef or the structure built by the materials is complex, or the preparation process requirement is high, or the cost is high, the use is inconvenient, and the management cost is high.

Aiming at the problems, the combined flexible artificial fish reef is designed at present, is made of flexible materials, is light and flexible, is not easy to corrode, is easy to put in, does not need to consider seabed conditions, effectively saves the manufacturing and maintenance cost, can provide places for breeding, growing and inhabiting marine organisms at the bottom layer and the middle and upper layer of the sea respectively, has large range of the related water area, and is beneficial to large-scale marine ecological restoration.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a combined flexible artificial fish reef to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a combined flexible artificial fish reef is characterized in that a reef body is of a cubic structure and comprises a lower artificial seaweed bed and an upper flexible floating fish reef which are arranged from bottom to top, wherein the lower artificial seaweed bed is connected with the upper flexible floating fish reef through an upper anchor rope;

the lower layer artificial seaweed bed is placed at the bottom of the sea and consists of 12 pieces of artificial seaweeds which are arranged in a 3 multiplied by 4 matrix and are tied with floats at the tops, the lower ends of the artificial seaweeds are connected through heavy ropes, and the nodes are connected with anchors through lower anchor ropes and are sunk to the sea bottom to play a role in fixing;

the upper layer floating fish reef is placed on the upper layer of the sea, every three pieces of artificial sea grass are arranged in a row, three rows of artificial sea grass are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the artificial sea grass are connected through light ropes with floats in series, and the lower ends of the artificial sea grass are connected through heavy ropes with lead strips inside.

In the technical scheme, the artificial seaweed is formed by weaving a plurality of extremely fine plastic ropes on a main rope, the artificial seaweed is more than four strands of woven and twisted ropes, the thin ropes are formed by cutting PP plastic films, feather-shaped fibers extend from two sides of a rope core, the contact area of a reef body and water flow is greatly increased, and nutrients and marine organisms carried in the water flow are attached to the artificial seaweed when the water flow passes through the reef body.

In the technical scheme, the float is a foam floating ball made of plastic materials or is replaced by a conventional floating ball. The buoy mainly plays a role of floating, and the artificial seaweed of the artificial seaweed bed keeps a vertical state through the buoyancy effect of the buoy in water, so that the flexible floating fish reef floats on the upper layer in the water body.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the steel wire, for stainless steel's steel wire, adopt the mode coupling assembling of ligature.

In the above technical scheme, the artificial seaweed main rope, the heavy rope and the anchor rope are made of corrosion-resistant ropes or palm ropes, and are more than two strands of braided and twisted ropes. The rope needs to be made of materials resistant to seawater immersion and corrosion, and has the characteristics of stretch resistance, deformation resistance and the like. The two ends of the artificial seaweed, the light rope, the upper anchor rope, the lower anchor rope and the heavy rope are U-shaped, the ropes are connected with each other at the tail ends of the U-shaped in a crossed manner, and the U-shaped openings are ligated by steel wires.

In the technical scheme, the light rope comprises foamed plastic and light rope winding wires outside the foamed plastic, and the light rope winding wires are woven by surrounding the foamed plastic inside the light rope winding wires.

In the above technical scheme, the heavy rope comprises the thin lead strip and the heavy rope winding wire outside the thin lead strip, and the heavy rope winding wire is woven around the internal thin lead strip.

In the technical scheme, the material is made of flexible material, floats and swings along with the water flow direction in the water body, has disturbance effect on nutrient substances in the water flow, and is convenient for fishes to find food.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, go up the hawser be auxiliary assembly, its length can be adjusted according to the depth of water, plays the effect of adjusting flexible floating fish reef height in water.

In the technical scheme, the anchor is an auxiliary facility, and the material, the specification, the shape and the like of the anchor can be selected according to local conditions.

In the technical scheme, the reefs are arranged at equal intervals, the whole reefs are arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', and the reefs are vertical to the water flow direction.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the combined artificial fish reef comprises a lower artificial seaweed bed and an upper flexible floating fish reef which are respectively placed on the ocean bottom layer and the middle upper layer, can respectively provide places for propagation, growth and inhabitation of marine organisms on the ocean bottom layer and the middle upper layer, has a large range of related water areas, and is beneficial to large-scale ocean ecological restoration; meanwhile, the marine environment can be improved, the influence on the adjacent physical and chemical environment and the biological environment is generated, and the effects of protecting and proliferating the fish yield, flourishing the leisure fishery activity and reducing the coastal erosion are achieved.

2. The reef mainly uses flexible materials, the reef body is light and soft and is not easy to corrode, and due to the fact that the reef body is provided with the buoy, seabed conditions do not need to be considered, and manufacturing and maintenance costs are effectively saved.

3. The artificial fish reef mainly comprises artificial seaweed, is beneficial to marine organisms to stay on the artificial fish reef for a long time, increases the biological diversity on the fish reef, accelerates the evolution of the artificial fish reef, is beneficial to the growth of marine products raised on the fish reef, enables the artificial fish reef to be changed into a natural fish reef, is beneficial to the multiplication of fish yield and changes the ecological environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the artificial seaweed;

fig. 3 is a schematic top view and a sectional view of the light string; wherein FIG. 3a is a top view and FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a top view and a cross-sectional view of the heavy rope; wherein FIG. 4a is a top view and FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of 4 connection modes of the rope;

FIG. 6 number of occurrences (tails) of mullets in artificial seaweed beds;

FIG. 7 mean occurrence (%) of mullets in artificial seaweed beds.

Wherein: 1, a reef body; 2, artificial seaweed; 3, light ropes; 4, floating; 5 at the connection point; 6, an anchor rope is arranged; 7, a lower anchor rope; 8, anchoring; 9 ropes are doubled; 10 a foamed plastic; 11 light rope winding wires; 12 thin lead bars; 13 weight of rope winding wire; 14 thin steel wires; 15 artificial seaweed ends.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art. In addition, the embodiments should be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications in the components and amounts of the materials used in these embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1

The invention relates to a combined flexible artificial fish reef, which is shown in figure 1;

the reef body is of a cubic structure and is composed of artificial seaweed and various connecting components, the reef body comprises a lower artificial seaweed bed and an upper flexible floating fish reef which are arranged from bottom to top, the lower artificial seaweed bed and the upper flexible floating fish reef are respectively composed of a heavy rope 9, artificial seaweed 2 and a buoy 4, and the top of the upper flexible floating fish reef also comprises a light rope 3. The lower layer artificial seaweed bed is connected with the upper layer flexible floating fish reef through an upper anchor rope 6, the upper layer floating fish reef is placed on the upper layer of the sea, every three artificial seaweeds 2 are arranged in one row, three rows are arranged in parallel, the upper ends of the artificial seaweeds 2 are connected through a light rope 3, and the lower ends of the artificial seaweeds are connected through a heavy rope 9. The lower layer artificial seaweed bed is placed at the bottom of the sea and consists of 12 artificial seaweeds 2 which are arranged in a 3 multiplied by 4 matrix and the tops of which are tied with floats 4, the lower ends of the artificial seaweeds 2 are connected through heavy ropes 9, and the connecting nodes are connected through lower anchor ropes 7 and anchors 8 and sink to the sea bottom to play a role in fixing.

The artificial seaweed 2 is formed by weaving a plurality of extremely fine strings into a main string, and more than four strands of strings are woven and twisted, as shown in figure 2, the strings are formed by cutting PP plastic films, feather-shaped fibers extend from two sides of a string core, the contact area of a reef body and water flow is greatly increased, and nutrient substances and marine organisms carried in the water flow are attached to the artificial seaweed 2 when the water flow passes through;

the light rope 3 is woven by weaving lines around the inner foam plastic, as shown in figure 3; the heavy rope 9 is woven by weaving wires around an internal lead core, as shown in fig. 4; the two ends of the artificial seaweed 2, the light rope 3, the heavy rope 9 and the anchor rope are U-shaped, the U-shaped ends are connected in a crossed manner, the U-shaped openings are tied by thin steel wires 14, and the connection mode among the U-shaped openings is shown in figure 5;

in the invention, the reef body is of a cubic structure and is mainly formed by enclosing artificial sea weeds 2, and a certain gap is reserved between the artificial sea weeds 2; the artificial seaweed 2 is formed by weaving a plurality of extremely thin plastic ropes on a thicker main rope, so that the contact area of the reef body and water flow is greatly increased, and the nutrient substances and plankton carried in the water flow are attached to the artificial seaweed when the water flow passes through the reef body.

In the invention, the top of the reef body is provided with a buoy 4 which is in a suspension state in water;

in the invention, the reef body suspension does not consider the seabed condition which can be adapted to;

in the invention, the thin steel wire 14 at the connecting node 5 is made of stainless steel and plays a role of a connecting component;

in the invention, the artificial seaweed 2, the heavy rope 9 and the anchor rope are made of anticorrosive ropes or palm ropes, are made of flexible materials, float and swing along with the water flow direction in a water body, have a disturbance effect on nutrient substances in the water flow and are convenient for fishes to find food.

In the invention, the reefs are arranged at equal intervals, the reefs are integrally arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', and the reefs are all vertical to the water flow direction.

As the embodiment of the invention, the lower layer artificial seaweed bed is placed at the bottom of the sea, is connected with the anchor (8) through the anchor rope (7) and fixed at the bottom of the sea, and is pulled by the buoy 4 to lead the artificial seaweed 2 to float in the water. The upper layer floating fish reef is connected with the artificial seaweed at four corners of the lower layer artificial seaweed bed through the upper anchor ropes 6 arranged at the four corners, and the upper layer floating fish reef is floated on the upper part of the lower layer artificial seaweed bed through the traction of the buoy 4.

Example 2

The invention relates to a combined flexible artificial fish reef which is used for the proliferation and maintenance of marine fishery resources, creates a good habitat for marine organisms and improves the fishery resource amount in an area. The specific operation is as follows:

(1) a simulation method is adopted to carry out a fish collecting effect experiment of the combined flexible artificial fish reef in an indoor culture water pool, the specification of the water pool is 6m multiplied by 4m multiplied by 1.4m, and the water depth is 1.0-1.2 m. Purified seawater is taken as experimental water, and is used after being filtered and added with a flocculating agent.

(2) Selecting barracuda (Liza haematocheila) as an experimental subject, temporarily culturing the barracuda in a water pool before the experiment, and feeding the barracuda with compound feed during the temporary culture. When the fry is cultured, the fish reef model is placed in the culture pond in advance to be adaptive to the environment, so that the stress reaction at the beginning of the experiment is avoided. At the time of the experiment, 30 healthy fish were selected per pond for the experiment.

(3) Four pools were used, with 1 experimental group and 1 control group. During the experiment, the combined flexible artificial fish reef is placed in the center of the water pool, and two underwater cameras which are placed relatively and a high-definition camera of the water pool in the suspended center are used for recording video so as to observe the activity of fish. The fluorescent lamp on the top of the pool is used for providing illumination. The experimental shooting time is 8:00-11:00, 14: 00-17:00, and extracting images from each video every 1min for processing. In order to avoid the influence of light on the reef tendency of fishes, a fluorescent lamp is hung above a fish pond as a light source in the experiment, and natural illumination is shielded by a tarpaulin cover.

The fish gathering effect is expressed by the percentage of the total number of the test fish appearing in the shooting area to the total number of the test fish appearing in the fish reef, namely the average occurrence rate (P):

in the formula, n_iThe number of fish in the area in the ith shooting is the mantissa of the fish in the area, N is the shooting frequency, and N' is the total mantissa of the thrown fish. The fish-gathering effect of the experimental group and the control group was compared therewith (FIG. 6). The average occurrence rate of the barracuda in the reef area of the combined flexible artificial reef related to the invention can reach 20.47 percent, which is obviously better than that of a control group (figure 7,1.00％)。

according to experimental simulation results, the combined flexible artificial fish reef has a good fish collecting effect, can provide places for propagation, growth and inhabitation of marine organisms on the middle and upper layers of the sea, is low in cost, and is beneficial to large-scale marine ecological restoration.

Claims

1. A combined type flexible artificial fish reef is characterized in that a reef body (1) is of a cubic structure and comprises a lower artificial seaweed bed and an upper flexible floating fish reef which are arranged from bottom to top, wherein the lower artificial seaweed bed is connected with the upper flexible floating fish reef through an upper anchor rope (6);

the lower artificial seaweed bed is placed at the bottom of the sea and consists of 12 artificial seaweeds (2) which are arranged in a 3 multiplied by 4 matrix and the tops of which are tied with floats (4), the lower ends of the artificial seaweeds (2) are connected through heavy ropes (9), and the connecting points (5) are connected with anchors (8) through lower anchor ropes (7) and sink to the sea bottom for fixing;

the upper floating fish reef is put in the ocean upper strata, and every three artifical seaweed (2) become one row, three row parallel arrangement totally, and artifical seaweed (2) upper end is linked to each other by light rope (3) that the cluster has buoy (4), and the lower extreme is linked to each other by heavy rope (9) that inside was equipped with the lead strip.

2. A combined flexible artificial fish reef according to claim 1 wherein the reef body (1) is a cubic structure and is composed of artificial seaweeds (2) and various connecting components, and a certain gap is left between the artificial seaweeds (2).

3. A combined flexible artificial fish reef according to claim 1 wherein the artificial seaweed (2) is formed by weaving a plurality of very fine plastic ropes into a main rope, the main rope is formed by weaving more than four strands of twisted ropes, the thin ropes are formed by cutting a PP plastic film, feathery fibers extend from two sides of a rope core, and when water flows pass through, nutrient substances and marine organisms carried in the water flow are attached to the artificial seaweed (2).

4. The modular flexible artificial fish reef of claim 1 further comprising: the float (4) is a foam floating ball made of plastic materials or is replaced by a conventional floating ball.

5. The modular flexible artificial fish reef of claim 1 further comprising: the light rope (3) comprises foamed plastic (10) and light rope winding wires (11) outside the foamed plastic, and the light rope winding wires (11) are woven around the foamed plastic inside.

6. The modular flexible artificial fish reef of claim 1 further comprising: the heavy rope (9) comprises a thin lead strip (12) and a heavy rope winding wire (13) outside the thin lead strip (12), and the heavy rope winding wire (13) is woven around the thin lead strip (12) inside.

7. The modular flexible artificial fish reef of claim 1 further comprising: the artificial seaweed (2), the light rope (3), the upper anchor rope (6), the lower anchor rope (7) and the heavy rope (9) are U-shaped at two ends, the ropes are connected with each other at the tail ends of the U-shaped ends in a crossed manner, and the U-shaped openings are ligated by steel wires (14).

8. The novel floating artificial fish reef according to claim 1, wherein: the reef body (1) and the reef body (1) are arranged at equal intervals, the whole reef body is arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', and the reef body (1) is vertical to the water flow direction.