CN114586721A - Novel floating artificial fish reef - Google Patents

Abstract

A novel floating artificial fish reef belongs to the field of marine ranching equipment. The reef body is of a hollow cubic structure, four sides of the top of the reef body are surrounded by four light ropes, each light rope is provided with two floats for floating, and the surface of each light rope is hollow; three pieces of artificial seaweed tied to the top light rope are arranged on each side face of the reef body, and each piece of artificial seaweed is woven by a plurality of superfine strings, so that the biological attachment area is effectively increased; the artificial seaweed naturally droops, the bottom of the artificial seaweed is connected in series by heavy ropes to form four sides of the bottom surface of the reef body, and the surface is hollow; the anchor rope is connected with the heavy rope at the bottom of the reef and is connected with the anchor submerged at the seabed so as to fix the position of the reef; the reef body installation direction is vertical to the water flow direction. The invention is suitable for soft seabed substrate, can be widely applied to artificial fish reef occasions, can provide places for the propagation, growth and inhabitation of marine organisms on the middle layer and the upper layer of the ocean, has large range of related water areas, and is beneficial to large-scale ocean ecological restoration.

Description

Novel floating artificial fish reef

Technical Field

The invention relates to a novel floating artificial fish reef, and belongs to the technical field of artificial fish reefs.

Background

Currently, the marine ranch construction industry has entered a new development period. The artificial fish reef is put in the habitat construction stage of the marine ranch construction. The artificial fish reef is an underwater structure artificially arranged in the sea, can affect the adjacent physical and chemical environment and biological environment, and plays roles in protecting and proliferating the yield of fish, flourishing leisure fishery activities, reducing coastal erosion and the like.

The traditional artificial fish reef main body is located on a hard rock seabed covered by fine sand on a shallow layer. The artificial fish reef is difficult to build on clay, silt and loose sand, and the reef body can be integrally settled after being thrown, so that the reef body is finally silted and buried and is difficult to play the role.

The existing artificial fish reef can only play a role in the middle and lower layers of the sea due to the fact that the artificial fish reef is submerged in the sea bottom, provides a habitat for middle and lower layers of marine organisms, and is difficult to play a role in middle and upper layers of marine organisms.

In recent years, the technology and process for building the artificial fish reef are mature, researchers also study the material of the artificial fish reef, and the material selection is developed from the initial mao bamboo, stone, waste tires and the like to the later novel materials such as concrete frames, waste ships and vehicles, and the latest steel or shell, HDPE and the like. However, the fish reefs or structures built by the materials are complex, or the requirements of preparation processes are high, or the cost is high, the use is inconvenient, and the management cost is high.

Aiming at the problems, a novel floating artificial fish reef suitable for marine organisms at the middle and upper layers is designed at present, is mainly made of polyethylene, is light and soft, is not easy to corrode and is easy to put in, seabed conditions do not need to be considered, and manufacturing and maintenance costs are effectively saved. In addition, the reef body is mainly composed of artificial seaweed, so that the contact area of the reef body and water flow is greatly increased, and organisms in the sea are enabled to be rapidly attached to the artificial seaweed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel floating artificial fish reef to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a novel floating artificial fish reef comprises a reef body part and a reef body position fixing part, and is characterized in that the reef body is of a hollow cubic structure and comprises a top part, a side part and a bottom part;

the four sides of the top of the reef body are surrounded by four light ropes with the density smaller than that of water, two ends of each light rope are in a U shape, the ropes are connected with each other in a cross mode at the tail ends of the U shape, the U-shaped opening is tied by thin steel wires, each light rope is strung with two floats, the top surface of each light rope is hollow, three pieces of artificial seaweed are arranged on each side surface of the reef body, each piece of artificial seaweed is woven by a plurality of extremely thin ropes, the upper end and the lower end of each artificial seaweed are in a U shape, the upper end of each artificial seaweed is wound around the top light rope, the lower end of each artificial seaweed is wound around the bottom heavy rope, the U-shaped opening is tied by the thin steel wires, the bottom part of the reef body is formed by connecting heavy ropes with the density larger than that of water in a series mode to form four sides of the bottom surface of the reef body, two ends of each heavy rope are in a U shape, the ropes are connected with each other in a cross mode at the tail ends of the U shape, the U-shaped opening is tied by the thin steel wires, and the bottom surface of the reef body is hollow;

the part for fixing the reef body position consists of an anchor rope and an anchor which is sunk at the seabed, wherein the anchor rope is connected with a reef body bottom node at the upper part and is connected with the anchor which is sunk at the seabed at the lower part.

In the technical scheme, the reef body is of a hollow cubic structure, the upper surface and the lower surface of the cube are hollow, the side surface is enclosed by artificial seaweed, and a certain gap is reserved between the artificial seaweed.

In the technical scheme, the artificial seaweed is formed by weaving a plurality of extremely fine plastic ropes on a main rope, the artificial seaweed is more than four strands of woven and twisted ropes, feather-shaped fibers extend from two sides of a rope core, the contact area of a reef body and water flow is greatly increased, and nutrient substances and plankton carried in the water flow are attached to the artificial seaweed when the water flow passes through the artificial seaweed. The size and the side suspension quantity of the artificial seaweed can be automatically adjusted according to the actual throwing condition.

In the technical scheme, the float is a foam floating ball made of plastic materials or is replaced by a conventional floating ball. The buoy mainly plays a role of floating, and is connected with the reef body through the buoyancy effect of the buoy in water so as to be positioned in the upper layer of the sea.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, thin steel wire, for stainless steel's steel wire, adopt the mode coupling assembling of ligature.

In the above technical scheme, the artificial seaweed main rope, the heavy rope and the anchor rope are made of anti-corrosion ropes or palm ropes, and are more than two strands of braided and twisted ropes. The rope needs to be made of materials resistant to seawater immersion and corrosion, and has the characteristics of stretch resistance, deformation resistance and the like.

In the technical scheme, the material is made of flexible material, floats and swings along with the water flow direction in the water body, has disturbance effect on nutrient substances in the water flow, and is convenient for fishes to find food.

In the technical scheme, the anchor rope is an auxiliary facility, the length of the anchor rope can be adjusted according to the water depth, and the function of adjusting the height of the reef body in the water is achieved.

In the technical scheme, the anchor is an auxiliary facility, and the material, the specification, the shape and the like of the anchor can be selected according to local conditions.

In the technical scheme, the reefs are arranged at equal intervals, are integrally arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', and are perpendicular to the water flow direction.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the reef mainly uses polyethylene materials, is not easy to corrode, is easy to put in because of the arrangement of the buoy, does not need to consider seabed conditions, and effectively saves manufacturing and maintenance costs.

2. The invention can provide places for the propagation, growth and inhabitation of marine organisms, particularly marine organisms on the middle layer and the upper layer, can improve the marine environment, has influence on the adjacent physicochemical environment and biological environment, and plays roles in protecting and proliferating the fish yield, flourishing leisure fishery activities and reducing coastal erosion.

3. The artificial fish reef mainly comprises artificial seaweed, is beneficial to marine organisms to stay on the artificial fish reef for a long time, increases the biological diversity on the fish reef, accelerates the evolution of the artificial fish reef, is beneficial to the growth of marine products raised on the fish reef, enables the artificial fish reef to be changed into a natural fish reef, is beneficial to the multiplication of fish yield and changes the ecological environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the artificial seaweed;

fig. 3 is a schematic top view and a sectional view of the light string; wherein FIG. 3a is a top view and FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a top view and a cross-sectional view of the heavy rope; wherein FIG. 4a is a top view and FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of 3 connection modes of the rope;

FIG. 6 the number of occurrence (tail) of lateolabrax japonicus in the artificial seaweed bed;

FIG. 7 mean frequency (%) of lateolabrax japonicus in artificial seaweed bed.

Wherein: 1, reef body; 2, artificial seaweed; 3, floating; 4, light ropes; 5 at the connection point; 6, rope weighing; 7, an anchor rope; 8, anchoring; 9 a foamed plastic; 10 light rope winding; 11 thin lead bars; 12 weight of rope winding wires; 13 thin steel wires.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art. In addition, the embodiments should be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications in the components and amounts of the materials used in these embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Example 1

The invention relates to a novel floating artificial fish reef, which is shown in figure 1;

the reef comprises a reef body part and a reef body position fixing part, wherein the reef body is of a hollow cubic structure, four sides of the top of the reef body are surrounded by four light ropes with density smaller than water, the four light ropes are tied by thin steel wires, and each light rope is strung with two floats. Each side of the reef body is provided with three pieces of artificial seaweed, the upper end and the lower end of the artificial seaweed are both in a U shape, the upper end is connected with the top light rope, and the lower end is connected with the bottom heavy rope. The bottom part of the reef body is formed by connecting heavy ropes with density larger than that of water with the lower end of the artificial seaweed in series and is ligated by thin steel wires. The reef body is connected by an anchor rope, and the other end of the reef body is connected with the anchor to play a role in fixing.

The artificial seaweed is formed by weaving a plurality of extremely fine thin ropes on a main rope, and is formed by weaving and twisting more than four strands as shown in figure 2;

the light rope is woven by weaving lines around the inner foam plastic, as shown in figure 3; the heavy rope is woven by weaving wires around the internal lead core, as shown in figure 4; the two ends of the light rope and the heavy rope are U-shaped, and are connected with the tail ends of the U-shaped in a crossing way, and the U-shaped openings are tied by steel wires, as shown in figure 5 a; the light rope, the heavy rope and the anchor rope are connected in the same way, as shown in fig. 5 b;

the upper and lower ends of the artificial sea grass are U-shaped and are respectively connected with the light rope and the heavy rope by winding around the U-shaped and the U-shaped openings are ligated by steel wires, as shown in figure 5 c;

the invention relates to a novel floating artificial fish reef, wherein a reef body is of a cubic structure and is mainly formed by enclosing artificial sea weeds, and a certain gap is reserved between the artificial sea weeds; the artificial seaweed is formed by weaving a plurality of extremely fine plastic ropes on a thicker main rope, the artificial seaweed is formed by weaving more than four strands of ropes, the thin ropes are formed by cutting PP plastic films, feather-shaped fibers extend from two sides of the rope core, the contact area of the reef body and water flow is greatly increased, and nutrient substances and plankton carried in the water flow are attached to the artificial seaweed when the water flow passes through the reef.

In the invention, the top of the reef body is provided with a buoy which is in a suspension state in water;

in the invention, the reef body suspension does not consider the seabed condition which can be adapted to;

in the invention, the steel wire at the node is made of stainless steel and plays a role of a connecting component;

in the invention, the artificial seaweed, the heavy rope and the anchor rope are made of anticorrosive ropes or palm ropes, are made of flexible materials, float and swing along with the water flow direction in a water body, have a disturbance effect on nutrient substances in water flow and are convenient for fishes to find food.

In the invention, the reefs are arranged at equal intervals, the reefs are integrally arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', and the reefs are all vertical to the water flow direction.

Example 2

The invention relates to a novel floating artificial fish reef which is used for the proliferation and maintenance of marine fishery resources, creates a good habitat for marine organisms and improves the fishery resource amount in an area. The specific operation is as follows:

(1) a simulation method is adopted to carry out a fish collecting effect experiment of the novel floating artificial fish reef in an indoor culture water tank, the specification of the water tank is 6m multiplied by 4m multiplied by 1.4m, and the water depth is 1.0-1.2 m. Purified seawater is taken as experimental water, and is used after being filtered and added with a flocculating agent.

(2) The Lateolabrax japonicus (Lateolabrax japonica) is selected as an experimental subject, the fish is temporarily cultured in a water pool before the experiment, and the compound feed is used for feeding during the temporary culture. When the fry is cultured, the fish reef model is placed in the culture pond in advance to be adaptive to the environment, so that the stress reaction at the beginning of the experiment is avoided. At the time of the experiment, 30 healthy fish were selected per pond for the experiment.

(3) Four pools were used, with 1 experimental group and 1 control group. During the experiment, the novel floating artificial fish reef is placed in the center of the water pool, and two underwater cameras placed relatively and a high-definition camera of the water pool in the center of the suspension are utilized to record video so as to observe the activity of fish. The fluorescent lamp on the top of the pool is used for providing illumination. The experimental shooting time is 8:00-11:00, 14: 00-17:00, and extracting images from each video every 1min for processing. In order to avoid the influence of light on the reef tendency of fishes, a fluorescent lamp is hung above a fish pond as a light source in the experiment, and natural illumination is shielded by a tarpaulin cover.

The fish gathering effect is expressed by the percentage of the total number of the test fish appearing in the shooting area to the total number of the test fish appearing in the fish reef, namely the average occurrence rate (P):

in the formula, n_iThe number of fish in the area in the ith shooting is the mantissa of the fish in the area, N is the shooting frequency, and N' is the total mantissa of the thrown fish. The fish-gathering effect of the experimental group and the control group was compared by the above formula (fig. 6). The result shows that the average occurrence rate of the lateolabrax japonicus in the reef area of the novel floating artificial fish reef can reach 40.15 percent, which is obviously better than that of a control group (figure 7, 0.6 percent).

According to experimental simulation results, the novel floating artificial fish reef has a good fish collecting effect, can provide places for breeding, growing and inhabiting marine organisms on the middle and upper layers of the sea, is low in cost, and is beneficial to large-scale marine ecological restoration.

Claims (8)

1. A novel floating artificial fish reef comprises a reef body (1) part and a part for fixing the position of the reef body (1), and is characterized in that the reef body (1) is of a hollow cubic structure and comprises a top part, a side part and a bottom part;

four sides of the top of the reef body (1) are surrounded by four light ropes (4) with the density smaller than that of water, two ends of each light rope (4) are U-shaped, the ropes are connected with each other in a U-shaped tail end crossing manner, a U-shaped opening is tied by thin steel wires (13), each light rope (4) is strung with two floats (3), the top surface is hollow, three pieces of artificial seaweed (2) are arranged on each side surface of the reef body (1), the upper ends and the lower ends of the artificial seaweed (2) are U-shaped, the upper ends of the artificial seaweed (2) are wound around the top light rope (4), the lower ends of the artificial seaweed (2) are wound around a bottom heavy rope (6), the U-shaped opening is tied by the thin steel wires (13), the bottom part of the reef body (1) is formed by connecting heavy ropes (6) with the density larger than that of water in series to form four sides of the bottom surface of the reef body (1), two ends of each heavy rope (6) are U-shaped, the ropes are connected with each other in a U-shaped tail end crossing manner, and a U-shaped opening is tied by the thin steel wires (13), the bottom surface is hollow;

the part for fixing the reef body (1) is composed of an anchor rope (7) and an anchor (8) sinking to the seabed, wherein the anchor rope (7) is connected with a connecting point (5) at the bottom of the reef body (1) and is connected with the anchor (8) sinking to the seabed.

2. The novel floating artificial fish reef according to claim 1, wherein: the reef body (1) is of a hollow cubic structure, the upper surface and the lower surface of the cube are hollow, the side surfaces of the cube are surrounded by the artificial seaweed (2), and a certain gap is reserved between the artificial seaweed (2).

3. The novel floating artificial fish reef according to claim 1, wherein: the artificial seaweed (2) is formed by weaving a plurality of extremely fine plastic ropes into a main rope, more than four strands of woven and twisted ropes, the thin ropes are formed by cutting PP plastic films, feathery fibers extend from two sides of a rope core, and nutrients and marine organisms carried in water flow are attached to the artificial seaweed (2) when the water flow passes through the artificial seaweed.

4. The novel floating artificial fish reef according to claim 1, wherein: the float (3) is a foam floating ball made of plastic materials or is replaced by a conventional floating ball.

5. The novel floating artificial fish reef according to claim 1, wherein: the light rope (4) comprises foamed plastic (9) and light rope winding wires (10) outside the foamed plastic, and the light rope winding wires (10) are woven around the inner foamed plastic (9).

6. The novel floating artificial fish reef according to claim 1, wherein: the heavy rope (6) comprises a thin lead strip (11) and a heavy rope winding wire (12) outside the thin lead strip (11), and the heavy rope winding wire (12) is woven around the internal thin lead strip (11).

7. The novel floating artificial fish reef according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the ropes are U-shaped, the ropes are crossed and connected at the tail ends of the U-shaped ropes, and the U-shaped openings are tied by thin steel wires (13).

8. The novel floating artificial fish reef according to claim 4, wherein: the reef body (1) and the reef body (1) are arranged at equal intervals, the whole reef body is arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', and the reef body (1) is vertical to the water flow direction.

Images