CN114574882B - 电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成邻位烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法 - Google Patents
电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成邻位烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114574882B CN114574882B CN202210309740.8A CN202210309740A CN114574882B CN 114574882 B CN114574882 B CN 114574882B CN 202210309740 A CN202210309740 A CN 202210309740A CN 114574882 B CN114574882 B CN 114574882B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- boric acid
- alkylaryl
- phenyl
- substituted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000005839 oxidative dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- -1 alkylaryl pyridine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000229 (C1-C4)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- WZJYKHNJTSNBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[h]quinoline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 WZJYKHNJTSNBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- CTXKJNCPTVBAAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethoxyboronic acid Chemical class OB(O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 CTXKJNCPTVBAAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002212 purine nucleoside Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+)-estrone Natural products OC1=CC=C2C3CCC(C)(C(CC4)=O)C4C3CCC2=C1 DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZZPNDIHOQDQVNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane Chemical compound CC1(C)OB(O)OC1(C)C ZZPNDIHOQDQVNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNSA-N Estrone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)(C(CC4)=O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 DNXHEGUUPJUMQT-CBZIJGRNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020808 NaBF Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003399 estrone Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MRWXACSTFXYYMV-FDDDBJFASA-N nebularine Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC=C2N=C1 MRWXACSTFXYYMV-FDDDBJFASA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002213 purine nucleotide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003212 purines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTQFOPPEYLNRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-7h-purine Chemical compound C=12NC=NC2=NC=NC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 YTQFOPPEYLNRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003266 anti-allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004350 aryl cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007040 multi-step synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KITHNHJPIHPBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitro(nitrosilyloxy)silane Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])[SiH2]O[SiH2][N+](=O)[O-] KITHNHJPIHPBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012746 preparative thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011426 transformation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/20—Processes
- C25B3/23—Oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/01—Products
- C25B3/09—Nitrogen containing compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法,属于有机化学技术领域。以取代芳基吡啶类化合物1和烷基硼酸类化合物2为原料,在铑催化剂和添加剂存在下,有机溶剂中恒流电解反应,得到邻位烷基的芳基吡啶衍生物3;本发明方法反应条件温和,选择性高,环境友好,为芳基吡啶类化合物烷基化提供了一种简洁有效的合成途径。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种芳环烷基化的制备方法,具体涉及电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法,属于有机化学领域。
背景技术
嘌呤核苷类化合物是一类重要的天然产物,存在于几乎所有生物中,具有多种生物活性,例如抗真菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗过敏、抗微生物、抗炎和抗癌活性。嘌呤核苷类化合物还是许多药物的核心骨架。
该类化合物传统合成方法需多步骤合成,涉及多重预官能团化,甚至需要用到大量有毒试剂,合成路线相对繁琐,经济性差。现有文献报道中,过渡金属(Rh,Ir,Ru)催化脱氢氧化偶联被认为是原子经济较高合成该类化合物的有效方法。这些转化方法也为逆合成分析提供了新断键途径,然而需要在额外当量化学氧化剂(通常为PhI(OAc)2/AgCO3/AgOAc等)存在下进行,成为这类转化在实际应用中的不利因素,因为这些氧化剂会产生大量的副产物,污染环境,原子经济性差或者价格昂贵等。
因此,在构建嘌呤核苷类这类天然产物所涉及的C-H键官能团化反应体系中,发展新型绿色的氧化体系就显得非常有必要。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中的存在的问题:1)邻位没有取代基的芳基C-H键选择性较差,2)使用大量氧化剂等缺陷,本发明公开了一种新型烷基化的制备方法;该制备方法在电阳极氧化条件、在过渡金属铑催化下,可高选择性地得到由C-C键氧化偶联产物;该方法反应条件温和,选择性高,环境友好,适合于工业化生产。
本发明提供了一种氧化脱氢偶联合成烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法,包括如下步骤:以取代芳基吡啶类化合物1和烷基硼酸类化合物2为原料,在铑催化剂和添加剂存在下,有机溶剂中恒流电解反应,得到烷基芳基吡啶类化合物3;反应方程式如下:
其中,Ar选自苯基、取代苯基、萘基、吲哚、呋喃、嘌呤、苯并喹啉、色氨酸、雌酮、噻吩或苯并呋喃,取代苯基中取代基选自烷基、烷氧基、卤素、羟甲基、苯基、腈基、硝基、硅醚、三氟甲基、烷氧羰基中的一种或多种取代;R1选自烷基、苯基、取代苯基、烷氧基、三氟甲基、嘧啶、噻吩、苯并嘧啶、喹啉、异喹啉、苯丙喹啉或取代苯基中取代基选自C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、卤素、羟甲基、苯基、腈基、硝基、三氟甲基、C1-C4烷氧羰基中的一种或多种取代;R2选自C1-C4烷基、苄基、取代苄基,取代苄基中取代基为C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、卤素或C1-C4烷氧羰基。
进一步地,在上述取代基中,所述卤素选自氟、氯、溴或碘。烷基硼酸类化合物选自C1-C4烷基硼酸类化合物、苄基硼酸类化合物、取代苄基硼酸类化合物,取代苄基中取代基为C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、卤素或C1-C4烷氧羰基;硼酸类化合物为硼酸单体、硼酸三聚体、硼酸频哪醇酯、硼酸新戊二醇酯或三氟硼酸钾盐。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,典型的取代芳基吡啶1化合物结构如下:
典型的烷基硼酸类化合物2结构如下:
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述有机溶剂选自腈类溶剂(例如乙腈)和/或醇类溶剂(例如甲醇)。优选甲醇溶剂。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述铑催化剂选自本领域该类反应中常见铑催化剂,例如:(Cp*RhCl2)2、Cp*Rh(OAc)2、Cp*Rh(OTFA)2或Cp*Rh(MeCN)3(PF6)2。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述添加剂选自KPF6、nBu4NPF6、nBu4NOAc、NaOPiv、KOPiv、nBu4NBF4或NaBF4。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述恒流指电源输出的电流大小是恒定不变的,所述恒流输出电流为本领域该类反应中常规的输出电流,例如0.5~20mA(较佳地为1.0mA)。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述取代芳基甲酸1、炔类化合物2、铱催化剂和添加剂摩尔比为1-2:1-2:0.01-0.03:1-3。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述恒流电解反应温度选自30-80℃。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,所述恒流电解反应中,所述的反应的进程可以采用本领域中的常规监测方法(例如TLC、HPLC或NMR)进行监测,一般以化合物1消失或不再反应时为反应终点。
进一步地,在上述技术方案中,反应结束后若得到粗品化合物,可采用制备型HPLC、制备型TLC或重结晶等常规手段分离纯化。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明的制备方法,可避免使用常规的昂贵氧化剂,且可获得高选择性的产物,收率高、纯度好,更适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
实施例1
反应条件:1a(0.2mmol)、2a(0.4mmol)、Cp*Rh(OAc)2(5mol%)条件下筛选不同添加剂、温度、电流和溶剂。
最终确定最优条件:化合物1(0.2mmol)、化合物2(0.40mmol),Cp*Rh(OAc)2(5mol%)、MeOH(3ml)、1.0mA在50℃下反应18h。
实施例2
实施例2-1
在非分隔电解槽中,依次加入2-苯基吡啶1a(31.0mg,0.2mmol)、甲基三氟硼酸钾2a(48.8mg,0.4mmol)、Cp*Rh(OAc)2(5mol%)(3.6mg,0.01mmol)和甲醇(3mL)。然后阴阳两极分别加上铂片(1.5×1.0cm2)电极,通上1.0mA电流,在50℃下持续电解18h。待反应结束后,将溶剂减压悬干,然后通过硅胶柱层析(hexane/EtOAc:40/1)分离纯化得到无色液体3a(27.1mg,收率80%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.74-8.60(m,1H),7.75-7.68(m,1H),7.41-7.35(m,2H),7.28-7.25(m,2H),7.25-7.22(m,1H),7.22-7.19(m,1H),2.34(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ160.2,149.3,140.5,136.3,135.9,130.9,129.7,128.4,126.0,124.2,121.7,20.4。
实施例2-2
同上述反应条件,从1b(33.8mg,0.2mmol)出发,得到无色液体3b(28.2mg,收率77%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ8.74-8.63(m,1H),7.72(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.43-7.36(m,1H),7.31(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.24-7.20(m,1H),7.14-7.05(m,2H),2.37(s,3H),2.35(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ160.2,149.3,138.1,137.8,136.1,135.7,131.6,129.8,126.7,124.2,121.5,21.3,20.4。
实例2-3
同上述反应条件,从1af(38.8mg,0.2mmol)出发,得到黄色液体3af(20.4mg,收率49%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.72-8.63(m,1H),7.88(td,J=7.6,1.6Hz,1H),7.60-7.53(m,1H),7.44(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.41-7.36(m,1H),7.34-7.29(m,1H),7.16-7.10(m,2H),6.64(s,1H),2.48(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ151.6,149.7,138.3,137.3,137.0,128.9,122.0,121.7,120.9,120.8,119.9,110.4,103.4,14.1。
采用上述实施例2反应条件,改变反应底物,得到不同的化合物3,反应结果如下:
实施例3
实施例3-1
在非分隔电解槽中,依次加入6-苯基嘌呤1at(42.0mg,0.2mmol)、甲基三氟硼酸钾2a(48.8mg,0.4mmol)、Cp*Rh(OAc)2(5mol%)(3.6mg,0.01mmol)和甲醇(3mL)。然后阴阳两极分别加上铂片(1.5×1.0cm2)电极,通上1.0mA电流,在50℃下持续电解18h。待反应结束后,将溶剂减压悬干,然后通过硅胶柱层析(hexane/EtOAc:10/1)分离纯化得到白色固体3at(39.9mg,收率89%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ9.04(s,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.69-7.66(m,1H),7.37-7.30(m,3H),3.91(s,3H),2.41(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ158.9,152.3,152.2,145.2,137.2,135.0,132.1,131.2,130.7,129.7,125.8,29.9,20.6.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z Calcd for C13H12N4[M+H]+225.1135,found 225.1139.
实施例3-2
同上述反应条件,从1bc(93.7mg,0.2mmol)出发,得到无色胶状固体3bc(84.0mg,收率87%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ9.02(s,1H),8.20(s,1H),7.60(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.14(d,J=10.0Hz,2H),6.27(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),6.02(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.72(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.49-4.43(m,2H),4.42-4.35(m,1H),2.41(s,3H),2.37(s,3H),2.14(s,3H),2.10(s,3H),2.09(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ170.4,169.7,169.5,159.7,152.5,151.3,142.7,139.9,137.2,132.9,132.1,131.8,131.0,126.6,86.6,80.4,73.2,70.7,63.1,21.4,20.8,20.6,20.6,20.5.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z Calcd for C24H26N4O7[M+H]+483.1880,found 483.1882.
实施例3-3
同上述反应条件,从1bn(120.1mg,0.2mmol)出发,得到黄色油状物3bn(99.6mg,收率81%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR 400MHz,CDCl3):δ9.02(s,1H),8.17(s,1H),7.66(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.43-7.34(m,3H),7.31-7.22(m,4H),7.20-7.10(m,6H),6.22(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),5.35(dd,J=6.0,2.4Hz,1H),5.08(dd,J=6.0,2.8Hz,1H),4.61-4.46(m,3H),2.42(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.38(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ159.5,152.4,151.1,150.4,150.3,143.6,137.3,134.8,132.9,131.3,130.9,129.9,129.9,125.9,125.7,120.1,120.0,120.0,115.0,91.0,85.1,85.0,84.1,81.3,68.1,68.0,27.3,25.4,20.6.31P NMR(162MHz,CDCl3):δ-11.96.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z Calcd for C32H31N4O7P[M+H]+615.2003,found 615.2006.
采用上述实施例3反应条件,改变反应底物,得到不同化合物3,反应结果如下:
实施例4
实施例4-1
在非分隔电解槽中,依次加入6-苯基嘌呤1at(42.0mg,0.2mmol)、乙基三氟硼酸钾2f(54.4mg,0.4mmol)、Cp*Rh(OAc)2(5mol%)(3.6mg,0.01mmol)和甲醇(3mL)。然后阴阳两极分别加上铂片(1.5×1.0cm2)电极,通上1.0mA电流,在50℃下持续电解18h。待反应结束后,将溶剂减压悬干,然后通过硅胶柱层析(hexane/EtOAc:10/1)分离纯化得到无色透明状油3at(32.3mg,收率68%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ9.06(s,1H),8.06(s,1H),7.64-7.60(m,1H),7.45-7.40(m,2H),7.36-7.32(m,1H),3.96(s,3H),2.81(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.08(t,J=7.8Hz,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ159.3,152.4,152.3,145.2,143.3,134.6,132.4,130.8,129.9,129.5,125.9,30.0,26.5,15.7.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/zCalcd for C14H14N4[M+H]+239.1291,found 239.1295.
实施例4-2
同上述反应条件,从1at(42.0mg,0.2mmol)出发,得到白色固体3bo(63.1mg,收率84%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ9.03(s,1H),8.02(s,1H),7.72-7.67(m,1H),7.41-7.33(m,2H),7.29-7.24(m,1H),6.95-6.84(m,4H),4.20(s,2H),3.89(s,3H),2.21(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ158.8,152.2,152.2,145.2,140.4,137.9,135.1,135.0,132.3,130.9,130.9,129.8,128.9,128.8,126.2,38.6,29.8,21.0.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z Calcd for C20H18N4[M+H]+315.1604,found 315.1611.
实施例4-3
同上述反应条件,从1at(42.0mg,0.2mmol)出发可以得到无色油状物3bs(37.4mg,收率56%,纯度大于95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ9.02(s,1H),8.03(s,1H),7.75-7.63(m,1H),7.45-7.37(m,2H),7.31-7.26(m,1H),7.07-6.93(m,2H),6.94-6.82(m,2H),4.22(s,2H),3.90(s,3H).13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ158.4,152.2,145.3,139.6,139.6,135.0,132.1(t,J=4.0Hz),131.3,131.1,131.0,130.3,129.9,129.2(d,J=12.0Hz),128.1,126.6,38.6,29.9.HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z Calcd for C19H15ClN4[M+H]+335.1058,found335.1054.
采用上述实施例4反应条件,改变反应底物,得到不同化合物3,反应结果如下:
以上实施例描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明原理的范围下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进均落入本发明保护的范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种合成烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:以取代芳基吡啶类化合物1和烷基硼酸类化合物2为原料,在铑催化剂和添加剂存在下,有机溶剂中恒电流电解反应,得到芳基吡啶衍生物3;反应方程式如下:
其中:Ar选自苯基、取代苯基、萘基、吲哚、呋喃、嘌呤、嘌呤核苷、嘌呤核苷酸、苯并喹啉、色氨酸、雌酮、噻吩或苯并呋喃,取代苯基中取代基选自烷基、烷氧基、卤素、羟甲基、苯基、氰基、硝基、硅醚、三氟甲基、烷氧羰基中的一种或多种取代;R1选自烷基、苯基、取代苯基、烷氧基、三氟甲基、嘧啶、噻吩、苯并嘧啶、喹啉、异喹啉、苯丙喹啉或取代苯基中取代基选自C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、卤素、羟甲基、苯基、腈基、硝基、三氟甲基、C1-C4烷氧羰基中的一种或多种取代;R2选自C1-C4烷基、苄基、取代苄基,取代苄基中取代基为C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、卤素或C1-C4烷氧羰基;所述有机溶剂选自甲醇或乙醇;铑催化剂选自Cp*Rh(OAc)2、Cp*Rh(OTFA)2或Cp*Rh(MeCN)3(PF6)2;添加剂选自KPF6、nBu4NPF6、nBu4NOAc、NaOPiv·H2O、KOPiv、nBu4NBF4或NaBF4;恒流电解反应温度选自30-80℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述合成烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述卤素选自氟、氯、溴或碘;烷基硼酸类化合物选自C1-C4烷基硼酸类化合物、苄基硼酸类化合物、取代苄基硼酸类化合物,取代苄基中取代基为C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、卤素或C1-C4烷氧羰基;硼酸类化合物为硼酸单体、硼酸三聚体、硼酸频哪醇酯、硼酸新戊二醇酯或三氟硼酸钾盐。
3.根据权利要求1所述合成烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述恒电流指电源输出的电流大小是恒定不变的,所述恒电流的输出电流为0.5-20mA。
4.根据权利要求1所述合成烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法,其特征在于:所述取代芳基吡啶1、烷基硼酸盐2、铑催化剂与添加剂摩尔比为1-2:1-2:0.01-0.05:1-3。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210309740.8A CN114574882B (zh) | 2022-03-28 | 2022-03-28 | 电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成邻位烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210309740.8A CN114574882B (zh) | 2022-03-28 | 2022-03-28 | 电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成邻位烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114574882A CN114574882A (zh) | 2022-06-03 |
CN114574882B true CN114574882B (zh) | 2024-02-13 |
Family
ID=81781781
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210309740.8A Active CN114574882B (zh) | 2022-03-28 | 2022-03-28 | 电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成邻位烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114574882B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114990591B (zh) * | 2022-07-21 | 2024-02-20 | 河南师范大学 | 电化学不对称双羟化反应合成手性非环核苷类化合物的方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5811627A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-09-22 | Welsh; Stanley M. | Alkylation reactions |
CN101089231A (zh) * | 2007-07-16 | 2007-12-19 | 云南大学 | 芳基-1,3-二羰基化合物的电解氧化偶联及四氢呋喃类高效paf拮抗剂(反)-2,5-二(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)四氢呋喃及其类似物的合成方法 |
CN109020877A (zh) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-18 | 同济大学 | 一种烷基修饰的芳基吡啶类化合物及其制备方法 |
CN111218695A (zh) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-02 | 广西师范大学 | 一种电化学条件下实现酮α位甲基化反应的方法 |
CN112126942A (zh) * | 2020-10-09 | 2020-12-25 | 中国药科大学 | 一种利用电化学反应实现仲芳胺n-n偶联的方法 |
CN112877721A (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 河南师范大学 | 电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成异香豆素类化合物的方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11499238B2 (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2022-11-15 | Wayne State University | Alternating current electrolysis for use in organic synthesis |
-
2022
- 2022-03-28 CN CN202210309740.8A patent/CN114574882B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5811627A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-09-22 | Welsh; Stanley M. | Alkylation reactions |
CN101089231A (zh) * | 2007-07-16 | 2007-12-19 | 云南大学 | 芳基-1,3-二羰基化合物的电解氧化偶联及四氢呋喃类高效paf拮抗剂(反)-2,5-二(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)四氢呋喃及其类似物的合成方法 |
CN109020877A (zh) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-18 | 同济大学 | 一种烷基修饰的芳基吡啶类化合物及其制备方法 |
CN111218695A (zh) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-02 | 广西师范大学 | 一种电化学条件下实现酮α位甲基化反应的方法 |
CN112126942A (zh) * | 2020-10-09 | 2020-12-25 | 中国药科大学 | 一种利用电化学反应实现仲芳胺n-n偶联的方法 |
CN112877721A (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 河南师范大学 | 电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成异香豆素类化合物的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
Facilitating Rh-Catalyzed C−H Alkylation of (Hetero)arenes and 6‑Arylpurine Nucleosides (Nucleotides) with Electrochemistry;Qi-Liang Yang et al.;《J. Org. Chem.》;第87卷;第6161−6178页 * |
Palladium-Catalyzed Electrochemical C−H Alkylation of Arenes;Qi-Liang Yang et al.;《Organometallics》;第38卷;第1208−1212页 * |
Site-Selective C−H Functionalization via Synergistic Use of Electrochemistry and Transition Metal Catalysis;Ke-Jin Jiao et al.;《Acc. Chem. Res. 》;第53卷;第300−310页 * |
芳香化合物的电化学 C—H 键官能化研究进展;吴亚星 等;《有机化学》;第38卷;第2590-2605页 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN114574882A (zh) | 2022-06-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3245191B1 (en) | Quinolines and process for the preparation thereof | |
CN114574882B (zh) | 电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成邻位烷基芳基吡啶类化合物的方法 | |
CN107973779B (zh) | 一种n-(2-吡啶/嘧啶基)吲哚衍生物的制备方法 | |
CN107188834B (zh) | 2-芳基-乙烯基磺酰氟化合物的制备方法 | |
CN110317221A (zh) | 一种多取代炔脒类化合物及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN113666883A (zh) | 一种合成4-乙烯基异噁唑衍生物的方法 | |
CN112962111A (zh) | 一种电化学合成异香豆素类化合物的方法 | |
CN112877721A (zh) | 电化学氧化脱氢偶联合成异香豆素类化合物的方法 | |
CN109651271B (zh) | 一种3-叔丁基-n-甲基喹喔啉-2(1h)-酮化合物的合成方法 | |
JP3526310B2 (ja) | 不斉還元方法 | |
CN115232066B (zh) | 一种光催化烯烃合成1,2-烷基芳基乙烷化合物的方法 | |
CN113388852B (zh) | 电化学脱氢偶联合成多取代吡啶并[1,2-e]嘌呤类化合物的方法 | |
CN113862710B (zh) | 一种二氢二吡唑[3,4-b:4′,3′-e]吡啶类化合物的电化学合成方法 | |
CN111575731B (zh) | 电化学合成c5、c7二卤化喹啉酰胺衍生物的方法 | |
CN110407830B (zh) | 一种合成n-芳基吩噻嗪类化合物的方法 | |
CN113930791B (zh) | 一种吡啶并二嘧啶四酮类化合物的电合成方法 | |
Filipan-Litvic et al. | Antimony (V) chloride-promoted room temperature aromatization of 1, 4-dihydropyridines in non-acidic solvent | |
CN111394747B (zh) | 一种2-酰氧基苯胺类衍生物的绿色电化学合成方法 | |
CN114907421A (zh) | 铑催化6-芳基嘌呤核苷和炔烃合成荧光多环嘌呤盐的方法 | |
Gomes et al. | Addition of electrochemically prepared arylzinc species onto activated olefins via a cobalt catalysis | |
CN111620824B (zh) | 一种以芳香醛为底物合成喹唑啉类化合物的方法 | |
CN115466171B (zh) | 一种2,3-二氢-1H-环戊烯并[a]萘衍生物的制备方法 | |
CN110054589B (zh) | 一种杂原子导向合成苯并喹啉酯类衍生物的合成方法 | |
CN102344418A (zh) | 含炔喹喔啉衍生物及其制备方法 | |
CN118164892A (zh) | 一种3-炔基吲哚化合物的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |