CN1145692C - 通过种子处理由过敏反应在植物中诱导的抗性 - Google Patents
通过种子处理由过敏反应在植物中诱导的抗性 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及赋予植物对病原体抗性的方法。该方法包括将一种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白以非感染形式施加于植物种子,处理条件为让所述多肽或蛋白接触所述植物种子的细胞。本发明还涉及一种赋予了病原体抗性的植物种子。另外,可以将含有编码过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的DNA分子的转基因植物种子播种到土壤中,并由所播种的种子繁殖植株,植株的繁殖是在能有效赋予该植株病原体抗性的条件下进行的。
Description
本申请要求申请日为1996年12月5日的美国临时专利申请流水号60/033,230的优先权。
本发明的完成得到了美国政府的支持,USDA NRI竞争研究授权号为91/37303/6430。
发明领域
本发明涉及通过处理种子赋予植物由过敏反应诱导的抗性。
发明背景
活的有机体已演化出一系列复杂的生物化学途径,这些途径使其能识别来自环境的信号并作出反应。这些途径包括受体器官、激素、第二信使、和酶促修饰。目前,对于信号传导途径知之甚少,这些信号传导途径是在植物对病原体的入侵作出反应时激活的,而且这方面的知识集中在对感病性和抗病性的了解上。常见形式的植物抗性是将病原体的增殖限制在感染部位周围的小范围内。在很多场合下,这种限制是通过宿主组织的局部死亡(即坏死)而实现的。病原体的限制和局部组织坏死共同构成了所述过敏反应的特征。除了局部防御反应外,很多植物对感染的反应是通过激活植物的未受感染部分的防御。其结果是,整个植株对于二次感染有更高的抗性。这种系统获得性抗性可持续几周或更长时间(R.E.F.Matthews,植物病毒学(学术出版社,纽约,第二版,1981))并通常会对无关的病原体产生交叉抗性(J.Kuc,见植物病害控制的革新方法,I.Chet著(Wiley,纽约,1987),pp.255-274,该文献被收作本发明的参考文献)。还可以参见以下文献:Kessman等,“通过化合物在植物中诱导系统获得性抗病性”,植物病理学年度综述32:439-59(1994),Ryals等,“系统获得性抗性”,植物细胞8:1809-19(1996年10月),和Neuenschwander等,“系统获得性抗性”,植物细菌相互作用1卷,J.stacey等著,pp.81-106(1996),以上文献被收作本文的参考文献。
与系统获得性抗性的表现相关的是正常情况下的烈性病原体不能入侵免疫过的组织(Kuc,J.,“对植物病害的诱导免疫性”,生物科学,32:854-856(1982),该文献被收作本文的参考资料)。系统获得性抗性的形成是与细胞壁中羟脯氨酸含量和过氧化物酶活性的系统性增加相关(Smith,J.A.等,“对在黄瓜、香瓜和西瓜中诱导的抗性相关的酸性过氧化物酶的对比研究”,生理分子植物病理学14:329-338(1988),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),并与一组由9个家族的所谓系统获得性抗性基因组成的基因的表达相关(Ward,E.R.等,“对诱导系统获得性抗性的试剂的协调基因活性”,植物细胞3:49-59(1991),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。所述基因家族的5个编码致病相关性蛋白,这些蛋白的生理学功能尚未确定。不过,这些蛋白中的某一些在体外具有抗真菌活性(Bol,J.F.等“由病毒感染诱导的植物致病相关性蛋白”,植物病理学年度综述28:113-38(1990),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),而且,豆壳多糖酶基因在转基因烟草中的组成型表达可预防真菌立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)的感染(Droglie K.等“对真菌病原体立枯丝核菌具有增强的抗性的转基因植物”,科学254:1194-1197(1991),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),以上现象表明,所述系统获得性抗性蛋白可产生免疫状态(Uknes,F.等,“拟南芥属的获得性抗性”,植物细胞4:645-656(1992),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。
水杨酸似乎在系统获得性抗性的诱导方面起着信号作用,因为在免疫之后其内源含量提高(Malamy,J.等,“水杨酸:烟草对病毒感染的抗性反应的一种可能的内源信号”,科学250:1002-1004(1990),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),而且外源水杨酸能诱导系统获得性抗性基因(Yalpani,N.等,“水杨酸是病毒感染的烟草中致病相关性蛋白的系统信号和诱导剂”,植物细胞3:809-818(1991),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),以及获得性抗性(Uknes,S.等“拟南芥属的获得性抗性”,植物细胞4:645-656(1992),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。而且,在其中的水杨酸被细菌转基因编码的水杨酸羟化酶作用而受到破坏的转基因烟草植株中,不具备系统获得性抗性(Gaffney,T.等,“诱导系统获得性抗性对水杨酸的需要”,科学261:754-56(1993),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。不过,这种现象反应的是局部抑制,而不是系统信号功能,对黄瓜中信号传导的详细动态分析表明,水杨酸可能不是长距离信号传导所必需的(Rasmussen,J.B.等,“在用丁香假单胞菌丁香致病变种接种之后水杨酸在黄瓜中积累的系统诱导”,植物生理学97:1342-1347(1991),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。
业已对用生物环境因子进行的免疫做过深入的研究,对绿色豆类进行系统免疫,使其抗由豆刺盘胞(Colletotrichum lindemuthianum)的栽培种致病小种引起的疾病,其做法是预先用栽培种非致病小种进行感染(Rahe,J.E.“在菜豆中诱导对豆炭疽病的抗性”,植物生理学59:1641-5(1969);Elliston,J.等,“在距离诱导相互作用位点一定距离处诱导对炭疽病的抗性”,植物病理学61:1110-12(1971);Skitt,R.等,“豆类炭疽病交叉保护的研究”,植物生理病理学3:299-313(1973),以上文献被收作本文的参考文献),在出现症状之前通过在宿主组织中加热对栽培种致病小种减毒(Rahe,J.等,“加热对豆炭疽病感染限制作用的代谢性质”,植物病理学60:1005-9(1970),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)或通过豆的非病原体感染进行。黄瓜的炭疽病病原体葫芦科刺盘胞(Colletotrichum lagenarium)同样是非病原体小种(它可以作为系统预防一切豆炭疽病小种的诱导物)。保护作用是由葫芦科刺盘胞在抗豆刺盘胞的一个或几个小种的栽培种中诱导的,并可以在易感所有报导过的真菌小种的栽培种中诱导,后者因此被称为‘缺乏对所述病原体的遗传学抗性’(Elliston,J.等,“用豆类的非病原体刺盘胞菌预防豆炭疽病”,植物病理学杂志86:117-26(1976);Elliston,J.等,“刺盘胞菌和菜豆间相容的、不相容的和诱导的不相容的相互作用发生的比较研究”,植物病理学杂志87:289-303(1976),以上文献被收作本文的参考文献)。以上结果表明,在被报导为‘具有’或‘缺乏’抗性基因的栽培种中可以诱导相同的机制(Elliston,J.等,“植物抗毒素积累与豆类局部和系统抗炭疽病的关系”,植物病理学杂志88:114-30(1977),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。同样很明显的是,易感豆刺盘胞所有小种的栽培种并不缺少诱导抗所述病原体的抗性机制的基因。
Kuc,J.等,“通过葫芦科刺盘胞防止葫芦科植物受葫芦科刺盘胞的致病性”,植物生理病理学7:195-9(1975),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),结果表明,通过事先用相同的真菌接种其子叶或第一真叶可以系统防治由葫芦科刺盘胞引起的葫芦科植物的发病。接着,通过预先局部感染真菌、细菌、或病毒的方法系统地预防黄瓜免受真菌、细菌、和病毒病害(Hammerschmidt,R.等,“预防黄瓜免受葫芦科刺盘胞和瓜枝胞的侵害”,植物病理学66:790-3(1976);Genns,A.E.等,“通过局部感染烟草坏死病毒预防黄瓜受到葫芦科刺盘胞的侵害”,植物生理病理学11:207-12(1977);Caruso,F.L.等,“通过流泪假单胞菌和葫芦科刺盘胞诱导黄瓜对炭疽病和叶角斑病的抗性”,植物生理病理学14:191-201(1979);Staub,T.等“预先局部感染任一种真菌系统地预防黄瓜植株出现由瓜枝胞和葫芦科刺盘胞引起的疾病”,植物生理病理学17:389-93(1980);Bergstrom,G.C.等,“通过葫芦科刺盘胞、流泪假单胞菌或烟草坏死病毒局部感染黄瓜对系统性抗黄瓜花叶病毒的影响”,植物病理学72:922-6(1982);Geffler,C.等,“通过根和叶病原体诱导对镰孢菌萎蔫病的抗性”,植物病理学72:1439-41(1982);Bashm,B.等,“由烟草坏死病毒在黄瓜中诱导的对单丝壳的系统性抗性”,植物生理病理学23:137-44(1983),以上文献被收作本文的参考文献)。通过感染葫芦科刺盘胞或烟草坏死病毒所诱导的非专一性预防作用能有效预防至少13种病原体,包括专性和兼性寄生真菌、局部损毁和系统性病毒,萎蔫真菌,和细菌。类似地,通过根部病原体诱导预防作用,并能有效预防根部病原体。包括西瓜和香瓜在内的其它葫芦科植物也能系统地抗葫芦科刺盘胞(Caruso,F.L.等,“通过葫芦科刺盘胞保护西瓜和香瓜免受葫芦科刺盘胞的侵害”,植物病理学67:1285-9(1977),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。
还在烟草中诱导了针对多种疾病的系统性防病作用(Kuc,J.等,“在烟草中进行抗病免疫”,烟草科学的最新进展9:179-213(1983),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。由烟草花叶病毒引起的坏死斑可增强其上部叶片对由这种病毒引起的病害的抗性(Ross,A.F.等,“通过局部病毒感染在植物中诱导的系统获得性抗性”,病毒学14:340-58(1961);Ross,A.F.等“局部损伤形成的系统作用”,见:植物病毒pp.127-50(1966),以上文献被收作本文的参考文献)。寄生疫霉烟草变种(Phyophora parasitica var.nicotianae)、烟草疫霉(P.tabacina)和烟草假单胞菌(Pseudomonas tabaci)以及减弱的桃蚜(Myzuspersicae)的繁殖作用(McIntyre,J.L.等,“通过用烟草花叶病毒感染对该病毒过敏的烟草诱导对疫霉的烟草变种的局部和系统性抗性”,植物生理病理学15:321-30(1979);McIntyre,J.L.等,“通过使烟草局部感染烟草花叶病毒对系统性抗异化病原体和昆虫的影响”,植物病理学71:297-301(1981),以上文献被收作本文的参考文献)。将热致死的烟草假单胞菌(Lovrekovich,L.等,“用热致死细菌处理在烟草叶片中诱导对野火病的抗性”,自然205:823-4(1965),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),和青枯假单胞菌(Pseudomonas solanacearum)(Sequeira,L.等,“细菌和宿主细胞壁的相互作用:它与诱导抗性的机制的关系”,植物生理病理学10:43-50(1997),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)侵入烟草叶片中,可以诱导对用于侵入的同一种细菌的抗性。通过穿透线虫(pratylenchus penetrans)可诱导烟草植株对寄生疫霉烟草变种的抗性(McIntyre,J.L.等,“通过栽培种非病原体小种、无细胞超声处理和穿透线虫预防烟草的寄生疫霉烟草变种的病害“,植物病理学68:235-9(1978),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。
Cruikshank,I.A.M.等首次报导了通过茎部注射真菌使烟草叶片产生对青霉(即,烟草霜霉)的抗性,这样做还会导致矮化和早熟性衰老(烟草茎部感染霜霉Adam对叶片抗青霉作用的影响”,澳大利亚农业科学院杂志26:369-72(1960),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。最近发现对木质部进行的外部注射不仅能减轻矮化,而且还能促进生长和发育。不论是在温室还是在大田试验中,与对照植物相比,免疫过的烟草植株要增高大约40%,在干重方面增加40%,在鲜重方面增加30%,而且要多出4-6个叶片(Tuzun,S.等,“茎部注射烟草霜霉和Metalaxyl处理对大田中烟草生长和预防青霉作用的影响”,植物病理学74:804(1984),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。所述植物大约比对照植物提早2-3周开花(Tuzun,S.等,“在被烟草霜霉Adam感染过的烟草中一种因子的运动可系统地预防青霉”,植物生理病理学26:321-30(1985),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。
系统性抗性不仅产生对感染的绝对免疫性,而且能减轻病害程度,并延缓症状的出现。病斑的数量、大小、和真菌病原体孢子形成的程度都得到下降。发病面积可以降低90%以上。
如果在首次接种后3-6周对所述瓜类进行一次‘加强’接种,由葫芦科刺盘胞所诱导的免疫作用可以持续到开花和结果期(Kuc,J.等,“通过葫芦科刺盘胞预防黄瓜的葫芦科刺盘胞病害的应用”植物病理学67:533-6(1977),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。一旦植物结实,就不再能诱导预防作用。通过茎部注射烟草霜霉孢子囊的方法可以使烟草植株在其生长期期间得到免疫。不过,为了防止青霉的系统性发生,该技术只能在植株高于20cm的高度时实施。
将诱导叶片从免疫过的黄瓜植株上除去,不会降低现存的、已展开的叶片的免疫水平。不过随后从顶芽上长出的叶片与其前辈叶片相比免疫水平逐渐降低(Dean,R.A.等“在黄瓜中诱导的系统性保护作用:‘信号’的产生时间和运动”,’76:966-70(1986),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。Ross,A.F.报导了类似的结果(“局部损伤形成的系统作用”,见:植物病毒pp.127-50(1966),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),其做法是通过预先感染烟草花叶病毒使烟草(局部损伤宿主)对烟草花叶病毒免疫。相反,由从通过茎部注射烟草霜霉免疫的烟草植株上切除的接穗上长出的新叶片是高度免疫的(Tuzun,S.等,“通过愈伤组织转移烟草中诱导的对青霉(烟草霜霉Adam)的抗性”,
植物病理学75:1304(1985),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。与由未免疫的亲本的叶片再生的植株相比,通过组织培养从免疫过的植株的叶片再生的植株表现出在青霉方面明显降低,新生的再生体仅表现出降低了的孢子形成。随着植株的老化,损伤的形成和孢子形成均得到降低。不过,其它研究者未得出相同的结论,尽管在一个实验中报导了孢子形成方面的显著降低(Lucas,J.A.等“诱导的对PeronosporaHyoscyami的抗性不能从免疫的烟草外植体传递到再生植株” 植物病理学75:1222-5(1985),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。
对黄瓜和西瓜的保护作用是在温室和大田中进行的(Caruso,F.L.等,“通过葫芦科刺盘胞大田防治黄瓜的葫芦科刺盘胞病”植物病理学67:1290-2(1977),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。在一个实验中,免疫过的黄瓜的总的损伤面积比未免疫过的对照植株的损伤面积少2%。类似地,在66株免疫过,受到侵害的西瓜植株中仅有一株死亡,而在未免疫过的,受到侵害的西瓜植株中有47株死亡。在肯塔基和波多黎各的大量田间试验中,对烟草茎部进一步注射烟草霜霉的孢子囊,在控制青霉方面的作用至少与最好的杀真菌剂metalaxyl一样有效。以上述方式对植株进行免疫,可以使烤烟的产量提高10-25%。
诱导的对细菌和病毒的抗性似乎是以抑制病害症状或病原体繁殖或同时出现这两种现象的形式表现(Caruso F.L.等,“通过流泪假单胞菌和葫芦科刺盘胞诱导黄瓜对炭疽病和叶角斑病的抗性”,植物生理病理学54:191-201(1979);Doss,M.等,“黄瓜对流泪假单胞菌的系统获得性抗性,表现为症状的抑制,而不是细菌的增殖”,ActaThytogathologia Academiae Scientiarum Hungariaae16:(3-4),269-72(1981);Jenns A.E.,“通过用烟草坏死病毒、葫芦科刺盘胞或流泪假单胞菌局部感染黄瓜而系统诱导的对病原体的非专一性抗性”,地中海植物病理学18:129-34(1979),以上文献被收作本文的参考文献)。
如上文所述,有关系统获得性抗性的研究涉及用感染性病原体感染植物。尽管在这方面的研究有利于理解系统获得性抗性是如何工作的,但是由感染剂引起的上述抗性不具有商业价值,因为接触这种植物病原体可以弱化或致死植物。本发明的目的在于克服这一缺陷。
发明概述
本发明涉及一种生产植物种子的方法,该方法能赋予由所述种子生长出的植株对病原体的抗性。该方法包括将一种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白以非感染形式施加于植物种子,处理条件为让所述多肽或蛋白接触所述植物种子的细胞。
为了赋予由所述种子生长出的植株对病原体的抗性,可以使用转基因种子,以代替将一种过敏性反应多肽或蛋白用于植物种子的做法,该方法包括提供一种将含有编码过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白DNA分子的转基因植物种子播种到土壤中,并由所播种的种子繁殖植株,植株的繁殖是在能有效赋予该植株病原体抗性的条件下进行的。
本发明的另一方面涉及了赋予病原体抗性的植物种子,对该种子施加了一种非感染性过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白。
本发明具有以下潜力:治疗以前无法治疗的植物病害;系统地治疗病害,由于成本原因人们不愿意单独地治疗这种病害;避免使用对环境甚至是植株有不可预测的影响的制剂。本发明可以赋予抗性,而又不使用对环境有害或使被处理的植物种子致病或使位于种植被处理种子地区附近的植物致病的制剂。由于本发明涉及的是使用能完全和迅速被生物降解的天然制品,因此不会污染环境。
发明详述
本发明涉及一种生产植物种子的方法,该方法能赋予由所述种子生长出的植株对病原体的抗性。该方法包括将一种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白以非感染形式施加于植物种子,处理条件为让所述多肽或蛋白接触所述植物种子的细胞。
为了赋予由所述种子生长出的植株对病原体的抗性,可以使用转基因种子,以代替将一种过敏性反应多肽或蛋白用于植物种子的做法,该方法包括提供一种将含有编码过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白DNA分子的转基因植物种子播种到土壤中,并由所播种的种子繁殖植株,植株的繁殖是在能有效赋予该植株病原体抗性的条件下进行的。
本发明的另一方面涉及赋予病原体抗性的植物种子,对该种子施加了一非感染性过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白。
用于本发明的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白可相当于源于多种真菌或细菌病原体的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白。这种多肽或蛋白能够在接触到所述诱导物的植物组织中诱导局部坏死。
多肽或蛋白诱导物的合适的细菌来源的例子包括欧文氏菌、假单胞菌、和黄单胞菌(例如,下列细菌:解淀粉欧文氏菌(Erwinia amyloaora)、菊欧文氏菌(Erwinia chrysanthemi)、斯氏欧文氏菌(Erwiniastewartii)、胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌(Erwinia carotovora)、丁香假单胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae)、青枯假单胞菌(Pseudomonassolancearum)、野油菜黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris),或其混合物)。
过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的真菌来源的例子是疫霉。这种真菌病原体的合适的种包括寄生疫霉(Phytophthora parasitica)、隐地疫霉(Phytophthora cryptogea)、樟疫霉(Phytophthora cinnamomi)、辣椒疫霉(Phytophthora capsici)、大雄疫霉(Phytophthoramegasperma)、和柑橘褐腐疫霉(Phytophthora citrothora)。
本发明的将所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白施加于植物种子上的实施方案可以多种方式实现,包括:1)施加一种分离的诱导多肽或蛋白;2)施加不会导致发病的细菌,该细菌用编码一种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的基因转化过;和3)施加能导致某些植物种发病(但不会使施加这种细菌的植物发病)的细菌,该细菌天然含有编码所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的基因。另外,可以从用本发明的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白处理过的植物上收获本发明的种子。
在本发明的一种实施方案中,待使用的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白可以从其相关的生物中提取,并施加到植物上。这种提取方法是众所周知的,可以参见以下文献:Arlat,M.F.Van Gizsegem J.C.Huet,J.C.Pemollet,和C.A.Boucher,“通过青枯假单胞菌的Hrp途径分泌的PopAl,一种能在特定的矮牵牛基因型中诱导过敏-样反应的蛋白”,EMBO杂志13:543-53(1994);He,S.Y.,H.C.Huang和A.Collmer,丁香假单胞菌丁香致病变种Harpinpss:“一种通过Hrp途径分泌的蛋白,它能诱导植物的过敏反应”,细胞73:1255-1266(1993)和Wei,J.-M.,R.J.Laby,C.H.Zumoff,D.W.Bauer,S.-Y.He,A.Collmer,和S.V.Beer,“由植物病原体解淀粉欧文氏菌产生的过敏反应Harpin诱导物”,科学257:85-88(1992),该文献被收作本文的参考文献)。另外,参见待批美国专利申请流水号08/200,024和08/062,024,以上专利被收作本文的参考文献。不过,优选地本发明分离的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是通过重组方法生产的,并通过以下方法纯化。
在本发明的其它实施方案中,可以通过施加含有编码过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的基因的细菌的方法将本发明的所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白施加到植物种子上。所述细菌必须能够分泌或输出所述多肽或蛋白,以使所述诱导物能够接触植物种子细胞。在所述实施方案中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是在将所述细菌施加到所述种子上之后或在将所述细菌导入所述种子之前由所述细菌产生的。
在本发明施加细菌方法的一种实施方案中,待施加的细菌不会导致发病,而且用编码一种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的基因转化过(例如,通过重组方法转化)。例如,可以用编码一种过敏反应诱导多肽和其它相关蛋白的基因转化不会在植物中引起过敏反应的大肠杆菌(E.coli),所述相关蛋白是生产和分泌所述诱导物所必需的,然后将转化的大肠杆菌施加到植物种子上。然后可以引起该多肽或蛋白的表达。还可将细菌种(除大肠杆菌以外)用于本发明的该实施方案中。
在本发明细菌施加方法的另一种实施方案中,所述细菌不会导致发病,并且天然含有一个编码过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的基因。这些细菌的例子在上文已经给出。不过,在该实施方案中,这些细菌被施加到这样的植物种子上,这种植物不会感染由该细菌所携带的病害。例如,解淀粉欧文氏菌可导致苹果或梨发病,但不会导致番茄发病。不过,这种细菌可在番茄中引起过敏反应。因此,按照本发明的该实施方案,可将解淀粉欧文氏菌施加到番茄种子上,以赋予其病原体抗性,而又不会导致该种植物发病。
源于菊欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白具有相当于序列1的氨基酸序列,其序列如下:Met Gln Ile Thr Ile Lys Ala His Ile Gly Gly Asp Leu Gly Val Ser1 5 10 15Gly Leu Gly Ala Gln Gly Leu Lys Gly Leu Asn Ser Ala Ala Ser Ser
20 25 30Leu Gly Ser Ser Val Asp Lys Leu Ser Ser Thr Ile Asp Lys Leu Thr
35 40 45Ser Ala Leu Thr Ser Met Met Phe Gly Gly Ala Leu Ala Gln Gly Leu
50 55 60Gly Ala Ser Ser Lys Gly Leu Gly Met Ser Asn Gln Leu Gly Gln Ser65 70 75 80Phe Gly Asn Gly Ala Gln Gly Ala Ser Asn Leu Leu Ser Val Pro Lys
85 90 95Ser Gly Gly Asp Ala Leu Ser Lys Met Phe Asp Lys Ala Leu Asp Asp
100 105 110Leu Leu Gly His Asp Thr Val Thr Lys Leu Thr Asn Gln Ser Asn Gln
115 120 125Leu Ala Asn Ser Met Leu Asn Ala Ser Gln Met Thr Gln Gly Asn Met
130 135 140Asn Ala Phe Gly Ser Gly Val Asn Asn Ala Leu Ser Ser Ile Leu Gly145 150 155 160Asn Gly Leu Gly Gln Ser Met Ser Gly Phe Ser Gln Pro Ser Leu Gly
165 170 175Ala Gly Gly Leu Gln Gly Leu Ser Gly Ala Gly Ala Phe Asn Gln Leu
180 185 190Gly Asn Ala Ile Gly Met Gly Val Gly Gln Asn Ala Ala Leu Ser Ala
195 200 205Leu Ser Asn Val Ser Thr His Val Asp Gly Asn Asn Arg His Phe Val
210 215 220Asp Lys Glu Asp Arg Gly Met Ala Lys Glu Ile Gly Gln Phe Met Asp225 230 235 240Gln Tyr Pro Glu Ile Phe Gly Lys Pro Glu Tyr Gln Lys Asp Gly Trp
245 250 255Ser Ser Pro Lys Thr Asp Asp Lys Ser Trp Ala Lys Ala Leu Ser Lys
260 265 270Pro Asp Asp Asp Gly Met Thr Gly Ala Ser Met Asp Lys Phe Arg Gln
275 280 285Ala Met Gly Met Ile Lys Ser Ala Val Ala Giy Asp Thr Gly Asn Thr
290 295 300Asn Leu Asn Leu Arg Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Ser Leu Gly Ile Asp Ala305 310 315 320Ala Val Val Gly Asp Lys Ile Ala Asn Met Ser Leu Gly Lys Leu Ala
325 330 335Asn Ala
这种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的分子量为34kDa,它是热稳定性的,其甘氨酸含量大于16%,而且基本上不含半胱氨酸。所述菊欧文氏菌过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是由具有相当于序列2的核苷酸序列的DNA分子编码的,该核苷酸序列如下:CGATTTTACC CGGGTGAACG TGCTATGACC GACAGCATCA CGGTATTCGA CACCGTTACG 60GCGTTTATGG CCGCGATGAA CCGGCATCAG GCGGCGCGCT GGTCGCCGCA ATCCGGCGTC 120GATCTGGTAT TTCAGTTTGG GGACACCGGG CGTGAACTCA TGATGCAGAT TCAGCCGGGG 180CAGCAATATC CCGGCATGTT GCGCACGCTG CTCGCTCGTC GTTATCAGCA GGCGGCAGAG 240TGCGATGGCT GCCATCTGTG CCTGAACGGC AGCGATGTAT TGATCCTCTG GTGGCCGCTG 300CCGTCGGATC CCGGCAGTTA TCCGCAGGTG ATCGAACGTT TGTTTGAACT GGCGGGAATG 360ACGTTGCCGT CGCTATCCAT AGCACCGACG GCGCGTCCGC AGACAGGGAA CGGACGCGCC 420CGATCATTAA GATAAAGGCG GCTTTTTTTA TTGCAAAACG GTAACGGTGA GGAACCGTTT 480CACCGTCGGC GTCACTCAGT AACAAGTATC CATCATGATG CCTACATCGG GATCGGCGTG 540GGCATCCGTT GCAGATACTT TTGCGAACAC CTGACATGAA TGAGGAAACG AAATTATGCA 600AATTACGATC AAAGCGCACA TCGGCGGTGA TTTGGGCGTC TCCGGTCTGG GGCTGGGTGC 660TCAGGGACTG AAAGGACTGA ATTCCGCGGC TTCATCGCTG GGTTCCAGCG TGGATAAACT 720GAGCAGCACC ATCGATAAGT TGACCTCCGC GCTGACTTCG ATGATGTTTG GCGGCGCGCT 780GGCGCAGGGG CTGGGCGCCA GCTCGAAGGG GCTGGGGATG AGCAATCAAC TGGGCCAGTC 840TTTCGGCAAT GGCGCGCAGG GTGCGAGCAA CCTGCTATCC GTACCGAAAT CCGGCGGCGA 900TGCGTTGTCA AAAATGTTTG ATAAAGCGCT GGACGATCTG CTGGGTCATG ACACCGTGAC 960CAAGCTGACT AACCAGAGCA ACCAACTGGC TAATTCAATG CTGAACGCCA GCCAGATGAC 1020CCAGGGTAAT ATGAATGCGT TCGGCAGCGG TGTGAACAAC GCACTGTCGT CCATTCTCGG 1080CAACGGTCTC GGCCAGTCGA TGAGTGGCTT CTCTCAGCCT TCTCTGGGGG CAGGCGGCTT 1140GCAGGGCCTG AGCGGCGCGG GTGCATTCAA CCAGTTGGGT AATGCCATCG GCATGGGCGT 1200GGGGCAGAAT GCTGCGCTGA GTGCGTTGAG TAACGTCAGC ACCCACGTAG ACGGTAACAA 1260CCGCCACTTT GTAGATAAAG AAGATCGCGG CATGGCGAAA GAGATCGGCC AGTTTATGGA 1320TCAGTATCCG GAAATATTCG GTAAACCGGA ATACCAGAAA GATGGCTGGA GTTCGCCGAA 1380GACGGACGAC AAATCCTGGG CTAAAGCGCT GAGTAAACCG GATGATGACG GTATGACCGG 1440CGCCAGCATG GACAAATTCC GTCAGGCGAT GGGTATGATC AAAAGCGCGG TGGCGGGTGA 1500TACCGGCAAT ACCAACCTGA ACCTGCGTGG CGCGGGCGGT GCATCGCTGG GTATCGATGC 1560GGCTGTCGTC GGCGATAAAA TAGCCAACAT GTCGCTGGGT AAGCTGGCCA ACGCCTGATA 1620ATCTGTGCTG GCCTGATAAA GCGGAAACGA AAAAAGAGAC GGGGAAGCCT GTCTCTTTTC 1680TTATTATGCG GTTTATGCGG TTACCTGGAC CGGTTAATCA TCGTCATCGA TCTGGTACAA 1740ACGCACATTT TCCCGTTCAT TCGCGTCGTT ACGCGCCACA ATCGCGATGG CATCTTCCTC 1800GTCGCTCAGA TTGCGCGGCT GATGGGGAAC GCCGGGTGGA ATATAGAGAA ACTCGCCGGC 1860CAGATGGAGA CACGTCTGCG ATAAATCTGT GCCGTAACGT GTTTCTATCC GCCCCTTTAG 1920CAGATAGATT GCGGTTTCGT AATCAACATG GTAATGCGGT TCCGCCTGTG CGCCGGCCGG 1980GATCACCACA ATATTCATAG AAAGCTGTCT TGCACCTACC GTATCGCGGG AGATACCGAC 2040AAAATAGGGC AGTTTTTGCG TGGTATCCGT GGGGTGTTCC GGCCTGACAA TCTTGAGTTG 2100GTTCGTCATC ATCTTTCTCC ATCTGGGCGA CCTGATCGGT T 2141
源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白具有相当于序列3的氨基酸序列,该序列如下:Met Ser Leu Asn Thr Ser Gly Leu Gly Ala Ser Thr Met Gln Ile Ser1 5 10 15Ile Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Asn Asn Gly Leu Leu Gly Thr Ser Arg Gln
20 25 30Asn Ala Gly Leu Gly Gly Asn Ser Ala Leu Gly Leu Gly Gly Gly Asn
35 40 45Gln Asn Asp Thr Val Asn Gln Leu Ala Gly Leu Leu Thr Gly Met Met
50 55 60Met Met Met Ser Met Met Gly Gly Gly Gly Leu Met Gly Gly Gly Leu65 70 75 80Gly Gly Gly Leu Gly Asn Gly Leu Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Leu Gly Glu
85 90 95Gly Leu Ser Asn Ala Leu Asn Asp Met Leu Gly Gly Ser Leu Asn Thr
100 105 110Leu Gly Ser Lys Gly Gly Asn Asn Thr Thr Ser Thr Thr Asn Ser Pro
115 120 125Leu Asp Gln Ala Leu Gly Ile Asn Ser Thr Ser Gln Asn Asp Asp Ser
130 135 140Thr Ser Gly Thr Asp Ser Thr Ser Asp Ser Ser Asp Pro Met Gln Gln145 150 155 160Leu Leu Lys Met Phe Ser Glu Ile Met Gln Ser Leu Phe Gly Asp Gly
165 170 175Gln Asp Gly Thr Gln Gly Ser Ser Ser Gly Gly Lys Gln Pro Thr Glu
180 185 190Gly Glu Gln Asn Ala Tyr Lys Lys Gly Val Thr Asp Ala Leu Ser Gly
195 200 205Leu Met Gly Asn Gly Leu Ser Gln Leu Leu Gly Asn Gly Gly Leu Gly
210 215 220Gly Gly Gln Gly Gly Asn Ala Gly Thr Gly Leu Asp Gly Ser Ser Leu225 230 235 240Gly Gly Lys Gly Leu Gln Asn Leu Ser Gly Pro Val Asp Tyr Gln Gln
245 250 255Leu Gly Asn Ala Val Gly Thr Gly Ile Gly Met Lys Ala Gly Ile Gln
260 265 270Ala Leu Asn Asp Ile Gly Thr His Arg His Ser Ser Thr Arg Ser Phe
275 280 285Val Asn Lys Gly Asp Arg Ala Met Ala Lys Glu Ile Gly Gln Phe Met
290 295 300Asp Gln Tyr Pro Glu Val Phe Gly Lys Pro Gln Tyr Gln Lys Gly Pro305 310 315 320Gly Gln Glu Val Lys Thr Asp Asp Lys Ser Trp Ala Lys Ala Leu Ser
325 330 335Lys Pro Asp Asp Asp Gly Met Thr Pro Ala Ser Met Glu Gln Phe Asn
340 345 350Lys Ala Lys Gly Met Ile Lys Arg Pro Met Ala Gly Asp Thr Gly Asn
355 360 365Gly Asn Leu Gln Ala Arg Gly Ala Gly Gly Ser Ser Leu Gly Ile Asp
370 375 380Ala Met Met Ala Gly Asp Ala Ile Asn Asn Met Ala Leu Gly Lys Leu385 390 395 400Gly Ala Ala
这种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的分子量为大约39kDa,其pI大约为4.3,而且在100℃下的热稳定性可维持至少10分钟。这种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白基本上没有半胱氨酸。源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白在以下文献中有更全面的描述:Wei,J.-M.,R.J.Laby,C.H.Zumoff,D.W.Bauer,S.-Y.He,A.Collmer,和S.V.Beer,“Harpin,由植物病原体解淀粉欧文氏菌产生的过敏反应诱导物”科学257:83-88(1992),该文献被收作本文的参考文献。编码该多肽或蛋白的DNA分子具有相当于序列4的核苷酸序列,该核苷酸序列如下:AAGCTTCGGC ATGGCACGTT TGACCGTTGG GTCGGCAGGG TACGTTTGAA TTATTCATAA 60GAGGAATACG TTATGAGTCT GAATACAAGT GGGCTGGGAG CGTCAACGAT GCAAATTTCT 120ATCGGCGGTG CGGGCGGAAA TAACGGGTTG CTGGGTACCA GTCGCCAGAA TGCTGGGTTG 180GGTGGCAATT CTGCACTGGG GCTGGGCGGC GGTAATCAAA ATGATACCGT CAATCAGCTG 240GCTGGCTTAC TCACCGGCAT GATGATGATG ATGAGCATGA TGGGCGGTGG TGGGCTGATG 300GGCGGTGGCT TAGGCGGTGG CTTAGGTAAT GGCTTGGGTG GCTCAGGTGG CCTGGGCGAA 360GGACTGTCGA ACGCGCTGAA CGATATGTTA GGCGGTTCGC TGAACACGCT GGGCTCGAAA 420GGCGGCAACA ATACCACTTC AACAACAAAT TCCCCGCTGG ACCAGGCGCT GGGTATTAAC 480TCAACGTCCC AAAACGACGA TTCCACCTCC GGCACAGATT CCACCTCAGA CTCCAGCGAC 540CCGATGCAGC AGCTGCTGAA GATGTTCAGC GAGATAATGC AAAGCCTGTT TGGTGATGGG 600CAAGATGGCA CCCAGGGCAG TTCCTCTGGG GGCAAGCAGC CGACCGAAGG CGAGCAGAAC 660GCCTATAAAA AAGGAGTCAC TGATGCGCTG TCGGGCCTGA TGGGTAATGG TCTGAGCCAG 720CTCCTTGGCA ACGGGGGACT GGGAGGTGGT CAGGGCGGTA ATGCTGGCAC GGGTCTTGAC 780GGTTCGTCGC TGGGCGGCAA AGGGCTGCAA AACCTGAGCG GGCCGGTGGA CTACCAGCAG 840TTAGGTAACG CCGTGGGTAC CGGTATCGGT ATGAAAGCGG GCATTCAGGC GCTGAATGAT 900ATCGGTACGC ACAGGCACAG TTCAACCCGT TCTTTCGTCA ATAAAGGCGA TCGGGCGATG 960GCGAAGGAAA TCGGTCAGTT CATGGACCAG TATCCTGAGG TGTTTGGCAA GCCGCAGTAC 1020CAGAAAGGCC CGGGTCAGGA GGTGAAAACC GATGACAAAT CATGGGCAAA AGCACTGAGC 1080AAGCCAGATG ACGACGGAAT GACACCAGCC AGTATGGAGC AGTTCAACAA AGCCAAGGGC 1140ATGATCAAAA GGCCCATGGC GGGTGATACC GGCAACGGCA ACCTGCAGGC ACGCGGTGCC 1200GGTGGTTCTT CGCTGGGTAT TGATGCCATG ATGGCCGGTG ATGCCATTAA CAATATGGCA 1260CTTGGCAAGC TGGGCGCGGC TTAAGCTT 1288
源于丁香假单胞菌的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白具有相当于序列5的氨基酸序列,该序列如下:Met Gln Ser Leu Ser Leu Asn Ser Ser Ser Leu Gln Thr Pro Ala Met1 5 10 15Ala Leu Val Leu Val Arg Pro Glu Ala Glu Thr Thr Gly Ser Thr Ser
20 25 30Ser Lys Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Val Val Lys Leu Ala Glu Glu Leu Met
35 40 45Arg Asn Gly Gln Leu Asp Asp Ser Ser Pro Leu Gly Lys Leu Leu Ala
50 55 60Lys Ser Met Ala Ala Asp Gly Lys Ala Gly Gly Gly Ile Glu Asp Val65 70 75 80Ile Ala Ala Leu Asp Lys Leu Ile His Glu Lys Leu Gly Asp Asn Phe
85 90 95Gly Ala Ser Ala Asp Ser Ala Ser Gly Thr Gly Gln Gln Asp Leu Met
100 105 110Thr Gln Val Leu Asn Gly Leu Ala Lys Ser Met Leu Asp Asp Leu Leu
115 120 125Thr Lys Gln Asp Gly Gly Thr Ser Phe Ser Glu Asp Asp Met Pro Met
130 135 140Leu Asn Lys Ile Ala Gln Phe Met Asp Asp Asn Pro Ala Gln Phe Pro145 150 155 160Lys Pro Asp Ser Gly Ser Trp Val Asn Glu Leu Lys Glu Asp Asn Phe
165 170 175Leu Asp Gly Asp Glu Thr Ala Ala Phe Arg Ser Ala Leu Asp Ile Ile
180 185 190Gly Gln Gln Leu Gly Asn Gln Gln Ser Asp Ala Gly Ser Leu Ala Gly
195 200 205Thr Gly Gly Gly Leu Gly Thr Pro Ser Ser Phe Ser Asn Asn Ser Ser
210 215 220Val Met Gly Asp Pro Leu Ile Asp Ala Asn Thr Gly Pro Gly Asp Ser225 230 235 240Gly Asn Thr Arg Gly Glu Ala Gly Gln Leu Ile Gly Glu Leu Ile Asp
245 250 255Arg Gly Leu Gln Ser Val Leu Ala Gly Gly Gly Leu Gly Thr Pro Val
260 265 270Asn Thr Pro Gln Thr Gly Thr Ser Ala Asn Gly Gly Gln Ser Ala Gln
275 280 285Asp Leu Asp Gln Leu Leu Gly Gly Leu Leu Leu Lys Gly Leu Glu Ala
290 295 300Thr Leu Lys Asp Ala Gly Gln Thr Gly Thr Asp Val Gln Ser Ser Ala305 310 315 320Ala Gln Ile Ala Thr Leu Leu Val Ser Thr Leu Leu Gln Gly Thr Arg
325 330 335Asn Gln Ala Ala Ala
340
这种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的分子量为大约34-35kDa。它富含甘氨酸(大约13.5%)并缺少半胱氨酸和酪氨酸。有关源于丁香假单胞菌的过敏反应诱导物的更多的信息可参见以下文献:He,S.Y.,H.C.Huang和A.Collmer,丁香假单胞菌丁香致病变种Harpinpss:“一种通过Hrp途径分泌的蛋白,它能诱导植物的过敏反应”,细胞73:1255-1266(1993),该文献被收作本文的参考文献。编码源于丁香假单胞菌的过敏反应诱导物的DNA分子具有相当于序列6的核苷酸序列,该核苷酸序列如下:ATGCAGAGTC TCAGTCTTAA CAGCAGCTCG CTGCAAACCC CGGCAATGGC CCTTGTCCTG 60GTACGTCCTG AAGCCGAGAC GACTGGCAGT ACGTCGAGCA AGGCGCTTCA GGAAGTTGTC 120GTGAAGCTGG CCGAGGAACT GATGCGCAAT GGTCAACTCG ACGACAGCTC GCCATTGGGA 180AAACTGTTGG CCAAGTCGAT GGCCGCAGAT GGCAAGGCGG GCGGCGGTAT TGAGGATGTC 240ATCGCTGCGC TGGACAAGCT GATCCATGAA AAGCTCGGTG ACAACTTCGG CGCGTCTGCG 300GACAGCGCCT CGGGTACCGG ACAGCAGGAC CTGATGACTC AGGTGCTCAA TGGCCTGGCC 360AAGTCGATGC TCGATGATCT TCTGACCAAG CAGGATGGCG GGACAAGCTT CTCCGAAGAC 420GATATGCCGA TGCTGAACAA GATCGCGCAG TTCATGGATG ACAATCCCGC ACAGTTTCCC 480AAGCCGGACT CGGGCTCCTG GGTGAACGAA CTCAAGGAAG ACAACTTCCT TGATGGCGAC 540GAAACGGCTG CGTTCCGTTC GGCACTCGAC ATCATTGGCC AGCAACTGGG TAATCAGCAG 600AGTGACGCTG GCAGTCTGGC AGGGACGGGT GGAGGTCTGG GCACTCCGAG CAGTTTTTCC 660AACAACTCGT CCGTGATGGG TGATCCGCTG ATCGACGCCA ATACCGGTCC CGGTGACAGC 720GGCAATACCC GTGGTGAAGC GGGGCAACTG ATCGGCGAGC TTATCGACCG TGGCCTGCAA 780TCGGTATTGG CCGGTGGTGG ACTGGGCACA CCCGTAAACA CCCCGCAGAC CGGTACGTCG 840GCGAATGGCG GACAGTCCGC TCAGGATCTT GATCAGTTGC TGGGCGGCTT GCTGCTCAAG 900GGCCTGGAGG CAACGCTCAA GGATGCCGGG CAAACAGGCA CCGACGTGCA GTCGAGCGCT 960GCGCAAATCG CCACCTTGCT GGTCAGTACG CTGCTGCAAG GCACCCGCAA TCAGGCTGCA 1020GCCTGA 1026
源于青枯假单胞菌的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白具有相当于序列7的氨基酸序列,该序列如下:Met Ser Val Gly Asn Ile Gln Ser Pro Ser Asn Leu Pro Gly Leu Gln1 5 10 15Asn Leu Asn Leu Asn Thr Asn Thr Asn Ser Gln Gln Ser Gly Gln Ser
20 25 30Val Gln Asp Leu Ile Lys Gln Val Glu Lys Asp Ile Leu Asn Ile Ile
35 40 45Ala Ala Leu Val Gln Lys Ala Ala Gln Ser Ala Gly Gly Asn Thr Gly
50 55 60Asn Thr Gly Asn Ala Pro Ala Lys Asp Gly Asn Ala Asn Ala Gly Ala65 70 75 80Asn Asp Pro Ser Lys Asn Asp Pro Ser Lys Ser Gln Ala Pro Gln Ser
85 90 95Ala Asn Lys Thr Gly Asn Val Asp Asp Ala Asn Asn Gln Asp Pro Met
100 105 110Gln Ala Leu Met Gln Leu Leu Glu Asp Leu Val Lys Leu Leu Lys Ala
115 120 125Ala Leu His Met Gln Gln Pro Gly Gly Asn Asp Lys Gly Asn Gly Val
130 135 140Gly Gly Ala Asn Gly Ala Lys Gly Ala Gly Gly Gln Gly Gly Leu Ala145 150 155 160Glu Ala Leu Gln Glu Ile Glu Gln Ile Leu Ala Gln Leu Gly Gly Gly
165 170 175Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Gly Val Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly
180 185 190Ala Asp Gly Gly Ser Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Asn Gly Ala
195 200 205Asp Gly Gly Asn Gly Val Asn Gly Asn Gln Ala Asn Gly Pro Gln Asn
210 215 220Ala Gly Asp Val Asn Gly Ala Asn Gly Ala Asp Asp Gly Ser Glu Asp225 230 235 240Gln Gly Gly Leu Thr Gly Val Leu Gln Lys Leu Met Lys Ile Leu Asn
245 250 255Ala Leu Val Gln Met Met Gln Gln Gly Gly Leu Gly Gly Gly Asn Gln
260 265 270Ala Gln Gly Gly Ser Lys Gly Ala Gly Asn Ala Ser Pro Ala Ser Gly
275 280 285Ala Asn Pro Gly Ala Asn Gln Pro Gly Ser Ala Asp Asp Gln Ser Ser
290 295 300Gly Gln Asn Asn Leu Gln Ser Gln Ile Met Asp Val Val Lys Glu Val305 310 315 320Val Gln Ile Leu Gln Gln Met Leu Ala Ala Gln Asn Gly Gly Ser Gln
325 330 335Gln Ser Thr Ser Thr Gln Pro Met
340
它是由具有相当于序列8的核苷酸序列的DNA分子编码,该序列如下:ATGTCAGTCG GAAACATCCA GAGCCCGTCG AACCTCCCGG GTCTGCAGAA CCTGAACCTC 60AACACCAACA CCAACAGCCA GCAATCGGGC CAGTCCGTGC AAGACCTGAT CAAGCAGGTC 120GAGAAGGACA TCCTCAACAT CATCGCAGCC CTCGTGCAGA AGGCCGCACA GTCGGCGGGC 180GGCAACACCG GTAACACCGG CAACGCGCCG GCGAAGGACG GCAATGCCAA CGCGGGCGCC 240AACGACCCGA GCAAGAACGA CCCGAGCAAG AGCCAGGCTC CGCAGTCGGC CAACAAGACC 300GGCAACGTCG ACGACGCCAA CAACCAGGAT CCGATGCAAG CGCTGATGCA GCTGCTGGAA 360GACCTGGTGA AGCTGCTGAA GGCGGCCCTG CACATGCAGC AGCCCGGCGG CAATGACAAG 420GGCAACGGCG TGGGCGGTGC CAACGGCGCC AAGGGTGCCG GCGGCCAGGG CGGCCTGGCC 480GAAGCGCTGC AGGAGATCGA GCAGATCCTC GCCCAGCTCG GCGGCGGCGG TGCTGGCGCC 540GGCGGCGCGG GTGGCGGTGT CGGCGGTGCT GGTGGCGCGG ATGGCGGCTC CGGTGCGGGT 600GGCGCAGGCG GTGCGAACGG CGCCGACGGC GGCAATGGCG TGAACGGCAA CCAGGCGAAC 660GGCCCGCAGA ACGCAGGCGA TGTCAACGGT GCCAACGGCG CGGATGACGG CAGCGAAGAC 720CAGGGCGGCC TCACCGGCGT GCTGCAAAAG CTGATGAAGA TCCTGAACGC GCTGGTGCAG 780ATGATGCAGC AAGGCGGCCT CGGCGGCGGC AACCAGGCGC AGGGCGGCTC GAAGGGTGCC 840GGCAACGCCT CGCCGGCTTC CGGCGCGAAC CCGGGCGCGA ACCAGCCCGG TTCGGCGGAT 900GATCAATCGT CCGGCCAGAA CAATCTGCAA TCCCAGATCA TGGATGTGGT GAAGGAGGTC 960GTCCAGATCC TGCAGCAGAT GCTGGCGGCG CAGAACGGCG GCAGCCAGCA GTCCACCTCG 1020ACGCAGCCGA TGTAA 1035
有关源于青枯假单胞菌的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的其它信息记载在以下文献中:Arlat,M.F.Van Gizsegem J.C.Huet,J.C.Pemollet,和C.A.Boucher,“通过青枯假单胞菌的Hrp途径分泌的PopAl,一种能在特定的矮牵牛基因型中诱导过敏-样反应的蛋白”,EMBO杂志13:543-553(1994);该文献被收作本文的参考文献。
源于野油菜黄单胞菌大豆致病变种的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白具有相当于序列9的氨基酸序列,该序列如下:Thr Leu Ile Glu Leu Met Ile Val Val Ala Ile Ile Ala Ile Leu Ala1 5 10 15Ala Ile Ala Leu Pro Ala Tyr Gln Asp Tyr
20 25
该序列是仅有26个残基的源于野油菜黄单胞菌大豆致病变种的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的氨基末端序列。该序列与在其它野油菜黄单胞菌致病变种中所确定的菌毛亚基蛋白吻合。
源于野油菜黄单胞菌天竺葵致病变种的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是热稳定性的,对蛋白酶敏感,而且其分子量为20kDa。它包括一个具有相当于序列10的氨基酸序列,该序列如下:Ser Ser Gln Gln Ser Pro Ser Ala Gly Ser Glu Gln Gln Leu Asp Gln1 5 10 15Leu Leu Ala Met
20
提取胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的方法披露于以下文献中:Cai等“胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌胡萝卜软腐亚种菌株Ecc71的RsmA-变体,能过量表达hrpNECC并能在烟草叶片中诱发过敏反应样反应”,MPMI,9(7):65-73(1996),该文献被收作本文的参考文献。源于斯氏欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白披露于以下文献中:Ahmad等,“斯氏欧文氏菌对玉米的致病性不需要Harpin”,第8届国际分子植物微生物交流大会,1996年7月14-19日,和Ahmad等“斯氏欧文氏菌对玉米的致病性不需要Harpin”,美国植物病理学协会年会,1996年7月27-31日,该文献被收作本文的参考文献。
源于寄生疫霉、隐地疫霉、樟疫霉、辣椒疫霉、大雄疫霉、和柑橘褐腐疫霉的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的方法披露于以下文献中:Kamoun等,“源于疫霉的细胞外蛋白诱导物:宿主专一性和对细菌和真菌植物病原体抗性的诱导”
,分子植物-微生物交流6(1):15-25(1993),Ricci等,“源于病原体真菌疫霉的蛋白的结构和活性,在烟草中引起坏死和获得性抗性”,欧洲生物化学杂志,183:555-63(1989),Ricci等,“一种坏死诱导物Parasiticein的示差生产,和通过分离寄生疫霉在烟草中产生的抗性”,植物病理学,41:298-307(1992),Baillieul等,“烟草中的一种新的过敏反应诱导物:一种能引起细胞死亡、防卫基因表达、水杨酸产生的真菌糖蛋白,以及系统获得性抗性的导入”,植物杂志8(4):551-60(1995)和Bonnet等,“由诱导蛋白(Elicitins)在烟草和其它植物中引起的获得性抗性”,欧洲植物病理学杂志,102:181-92(1996),以上文献被收作本文的参考文献。
上述诱导物是示例性的。通过在能表达编码一种诱导物的基因的条件下生长能引起过敏反应的真菌或细菌可以鉴定其它诱导物。可以检测由培养上清液制成的无细胞制剂的诱导活性(即局部坏死),其做法是,将所述制剂用于侵入合适的植物组织。
在本发明的方法中还可以使用上述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的片段,以及源于其它病原体的全长诱导物。
合适的片段可以通过几种方法产生。第一种方法是通过常规分子遗传学操作,以亚克隆基因片段的方式产生编码一种已知诱导蛋白的基因的亚克隆。然后让所述亚克隆以体外或体内方式在细菌细胞中表达,以产生较小的蛋白或肽,可以按下文所述的方法检测所述蛋白或肽的诱导活性。
另一种方法是通过用诸如胰凝乳蛋白酶或葡萄球菌蛋白酶A或胰蛋白酶的蛋白酶消化全长诱导蛋白产生该诱导蛋白的片段。不同的蛋白酶可能裂解诱导蛋白的不同位点,这些位点是基于该诱导蛋白的氨基酸序列。由蛋白酶解所产生的某些片段可能是抗性的活性诱导物。
在另一种方法中,根据对所述蛋白的一级结构的了解,可以使用PCR技术合成该诱导蛋白基因的片段,同时使用选择的特殊引物组,以体现该蛋白的特定部分。然后将这些合成的基因克隆到合适的载体中,以便增量表达一种截短的肽或蛋白。
一种合适片段的例子是源于青枯假单胞菌的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的PopAl片段。参见Arlat,M.F.Van Gizsegem J.C.Huet,J.C.Pemollet,和C.A.Boucher,“通过青枯假单胞菌的Hrp途径分泌的PopAl,一种能在特定的矮牵牛基因型中诱导过敏-样反应的蛋白”,EMBO杂志13:543-53(1994),该文献被收作本文的参考文献。就解淀粉欧文氏菌而言,举例来说,合适的片段可以是介于序列3的1号氨基酸和98号氨基酸之间的多肽(包括1号和98号氨基酸)和介于序列3的137号氨基酸和204号氨基酸之间的多肽(包括137号和204号氨基酸)的多肽中的任一个或两个。
例如,可以通过缺失或增加对该多肽的性质、二级结构和亲水性有较小影响的氨基酸制备变体。例如,可以在一种多肽的N-末端缀合一个信号(或前导)序列,该信号序列可以在翻译的同时或在翻译之后指导该蛋白的转移。还可以将该多肽与一个连接序列或其它序列缀合,以方便该多肽的合成、纯化或鉴定。
本发明的所述蛋白或多肽优选通过常规技术以纯化形式生产(其纯度优选为至少大约60%,更优选80%),一般,本发明的蛋白或多肽是在重组大肠杆菌生长培养基中产生的,而不是分泌到该培养基中的。或者,本发明的所述蛋白或多肽是分泌到该培养基中的。就非分泌性蛋白而言,为了分离该蛋白,繁殖带有重组质粒的大肠杆菌宿主细胞,匀浆,并对匀浆物进行离心,以除去细菌碎片。然后对其上清液进行热处理,并通过离心分离所述过敏反应诱导蛋白。对含有本发明多肽或蛋白的上清液部分进行凝胶过滤,以分离所述蛋白,所述过滤是在合适尺寸的葡聚糖或聚丙烯酰胺柱中进行的。如果必要,可以通过离子交换或HPLC对该蛋白部分作进一步的纯化。
另外,可以用常规技术通过化学合成方法制备所述过敏反应诱导蛋白。
可以用常规重组DNA技术将编码过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的DNA分子整合到细胞中。一般,该方法包括将所述DNA分子插入一种表达系统中,该DNA分子对该系统而言是异源的(即正常情况下不存在的)。所述异源DNA分子是以正确的有义取向和正确的读框插入所述表达系统或载体中。该载体具有转录和翻译所插入的蛋白编码序列所必需的元件。
美国专利US4,237,224(该专利被授予Cohen和Doyer,被收作本文的参考文献)披露了重组质粒形式的所述表达系统的生产方法,该方法使用了限制酶裂解和用DNA连接酶进行的连接。然后通过转化的方法将这些重组质粒导入单细胞培养物并进行复制,所述单细胞培养物包括原核生物和生长于组织培养物中的真核细胞。
还可将重组基因导入诸如痘苗病毒的病毒中。可以通过将质粒转染到感染了病毒的细胞之中以制备重组病毒。
合适的载体包括,但不限于以下病毒载体,如λ载体系统gt11,gtWES.tB、Charon4,和质粒载体,如pBR322、pBR325、pACYC177、pACYC1084、pUC8、pUC9、pUC18、pUC19、pLG339、pR290、pKC37、pKC101、SV40、pBluescript II、SK+/-或KS+/-(参见由Stratagene提供的“Stratagene克隆系统”产品目录(1993),La Jolla,Calif,该资料被收作本文的参考文献)、pQE、pIH821、pGEX、pET系列(参见F.W.Studier等,“用T7 RNA聚合酶指导克隆基因的表达”,基因表达技术185卷(1990),该文献被收作本文的参考文献),以及它们的一切衍生物。可以通过转化,特别是通过转导、接合、转移或电穿孔将重组分子导入细胞。用本领域中标准的克隆方法将DNA序列克隆到所述载体中,如由Sambrook所披露的方法,分子克隆:实验室手册,冷泉港实验室,冷泉港,纽约(1989),该书被收作本文的参考文献。
可以利用多种宿主一载体系统来表达所述蛋白编码序列。首先,该载体系统必需与所使用的宿主细胞相容。宿主-载体系统包括,但不限于以下系统:用细菌噬菌体DNA、质粒DNA、或粘粒DNA转化过的细菌;微生物,如含有酵母载体的酵母;感染过病毒(例如,痘苗病毒,腺病毒等)的哺乳动物细胞系统;感染过病毒(例如杆状病毒)的昆虫细胞系统;以及由细菌感染的植物细胞。这些载体的表达因子在其强度和专一性方面有所不同。根据所使用的宿主-载体系统,可以使用多种合适的转录和翻译因子中的任一种。
由不同的遗传信号和加工过程控制着多种水平的基因表达(例如,DNA转录和信使RNA(mRNA)翻译)。
DNA的转录取决于一个启动子的出现,启动子是一种DNA序列,由它引导RNA聚合酶的结合,因此能促进mRNA的合成。真核启动子的DNA序列有别于原核启动子的DNA序列。另外,在原核系统中,真核启动子及相关的遗传信号不能被识别或不能起作用,而且,在真核细胞中,原核启动子也不能被识别和不能起作用。
类似地,mRNA在原核细胞中的翻译取决于正确原核信号的出现,该信号有别于真核细胞中的信号。mRNA在原核细胞中的有效翻译需要一个核糖体结合位点,该位点被称作Shine-Dalgarno(“SD”)序列,该序列位于所述mRNA上。该序列是一个短的mRNA核苷酸序列,它位于起始密码子(通常为AUG)之前,由它编码该蛋白的氨基末端甲硫氨酸。所述SD序列互补于16S rRNA(核糖体RNA)的3’-末端,并有可能与所述rRNA形成双链体的形式促进mRNA与核糖体的结合,使该核糖体能正确定位。为了了解增大基因表达的方法,可以参见Roderts和Lauer的著述,酶学方法,68:473(1979),该文献收作本文的参考文献。
启动子在其“强度”(即其促进转录的能力)方面不同。为了表达一个克隆的基因,需要使用强的启动子,以便获得高水平的转录,并因此获得该基因的高水平表达。根据所使用的宿主细胞系统,可以使用多种合适启动子中的任一种。例如,当把细菌噬菌体或质粒克隆到大肠杆菌中时可以使用诸如T7噬菌体启动子、lac启动子、trp启动子、recA启动子、核糖体RNA启动子、大肠杆菌噬菌体λ的PR和PL启动子和其它启动子,包括,但不限于lacUV5、ompF、bla、lpp等用于指导相邻DNA片段的高水平转录。另外,可以用杂合trp-lacUV5(tac)启动子或通过重组DNA或其它合成DNA技术生产的其它大肠杆菌启动子提供插入基因的转录。
可以选择细菌宿主细胞菌株和表达载体,使其能抑制所述启动子的作用,除非受到特别地诱导。在某些操作中,为了有效转录所插入的DNA,必需添加特殊的诱导物。例如,lac操纵子是通过添加乳糖或IPTG(异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷)诱导的。诸如trp、pro等的多种其它操纵子是受不同的控制。
为了在原核细胞中进行有效的基因转录和翻译,也需要特殊的起始信号。该转录和翻译起始信号在“强度”方面有所不同,这种不同分别体现在基因特异性mRNA和合成的蛋白的量的不同上。含有一个启动子的DNA表达载体,还可以含有各种“强的”转录和/或翻译起始信号的任一组合。例如,在大肠杆菌中进行的有效翻译,需要大约7-9碱基的SD序列,该序列位于起始密码子(ATG)的5’末端,以提供一个核糖体结合位点。因此,能被宿主细胞核糖体利用的一切SD-ATG组合均可以使用。所述组合包括但不限于源于大肠杆菌噬菌体λ的cro基因或N基因,或源于大肠杆菌色氨酸E、D、C、B或A基因的SD-ATG组合。另外,通过重组DNA或其它技术生产的任何SD-ATG组合均可以使用,所述技术包括整合合成的核苷酸。
一旦将分离到的编码所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的DNA分子克隆到一种表达系统中,即可将其整合到宿主细胞中。这种整合可以通过上述各种形式的转化方法实现,所采用的转化方法取决于载体/宿主细胞系统。合适的宿主细胞包括,但不限于细菌、病毒、酵母、哺乳动物细胞、昆虫、植物等。
可将本发明的方法用于处理多种植物的种子,以赋予这些植物对病原体的抗性。合适的种子是双子叶和单子叶植物的种子。更具体地讲,有用的作物类植物可以包括:稻、小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、棉、向日葵、油菜(canola)、花生、玉米、马铃薯、甘薯、菜豆、豌豆、菊苣、莴苣、苦苣、甘蓝、花椰菜、花茎甘蓝、芜菁、萝卜、菠菜、洋葱、大蒜、茄子、胡椒、芹菜、胡萝卜、南瓜、西葫芦、小西葫芦、黄瓜、苹果、梨、瓜、草莓、葡萄、树莓、菠萝、大豆、烟草、番茄、高粱和甘蔗。合适的观赏植物的例子有:蔷薇、非洲紫苣苔属、矮牵牛、天竺葵属、一品红、菊、香石竹和百日草。
本发明的赋予病原体抗性的方法可用于产生对多种病原体的抗性,这些病原体包括病毒、细菌和真菌。
可以用本发明方法获得抗性,特别是对以下病毒的抗性:烟草花叶病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒、马铃薯x病毒、马铃薯y病毒、和番茄花叶病毒。
根据本发明,可以赋予植物对细菌的抗性,特别是对以下细菌的抗性:青枯假单胞菌、丁香假单胞菌烟草致病变种、和野油菜黄单胞菌天竺葵致病变种。
可以用本发明方法使植物具有抗性,特别的对下列真菌的抗性:尖镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)。
本发明的实施方案包括讲将所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白施加到全部或部分待处理的植物种子上,这一目的可以通过多种方法实现。合适的施加方法包括高压或低压喷雾、注射、包衣、喷粉和浸泡。本领域技术人员还可以设计出其它合适的施加方法。一旦用本发明的过敏反应诱导物作过处理,即可用常规方法种植并培养所述种子,以形成植株。在由本发明处理过的种子繁殖出植株之后,可以通过一次或几次施加所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白对该植株进行处理,以增强该植株中由过敏反应诱导的抗性。参见美国专利申请流水号08/475,775,该专利被收作本文的参考文献。这些繁殖的抗病植株,反过来又可用于生产种子或繁殖体(例如插穗),由这些种子或繁殖体生产抗性植株。
根据本发明,可将所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白单独或以与其它材料混合的形式施加到植物种子上。
本发明的一种适于处理植物种子的组合物含有一种包含在一种载体中的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白。合适的载体包括水、水溶液、糊剂、或干粉。在该实施方案中,所述组合物含有高于0.5nM的过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白。
尽管不是必需,该组合物可以含有其它添加剂,包括肥料、杀昆虫剂、杀真菌剂、杀线虫剂、除草剂、及其混合物。合适的肥料包括硝酸铵。合适的杀昆虫剂的一个例子是马拉硫磷。有用的杀真菌剂包括克菌丹。
其它合适的添加剂包括缓冲剂、湿润剂、包衣剂、和摩擦剂。可以用这些材料协助本发明的方法。另外,可以与包括粘土和多糖在内的其它常见种子成型和处理材料一起将所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白施加到植物种子上。
在涉及使用转基因种子的本发明的其它实施方案中,无须将过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白施加到种子表面上。相反,用编码一种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白DNA分子转化过的转基因植物是用本领域众所周知的方法生产的,如biolistics或农杆菌属介导的转化。在上文中披露了合适过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白及其编码DNA的核酸序列的例子。正如本领域所公知的,所述转基因植物含有合适的载体,该载体具有包括病原体诱导型启动子的各种启动子,以及转化、转录、以及可能的翻译所需的其它元件。这些转基因植物本身可以在能有效赋予病原体抗性的条件下生长。在任何情况下,一旦生产出这种类型的转基因植物,即可回收到转基因种子。然后可以用常规方法将这些种子播种到土壤中并进行培育,以生成植株。所述植株是在能有效赋予该病原体抗性的条件下由所播种的转基因种子繁殖的。
当把转基因植物种子用于本发明时,可以用相同的材料(如上文所述)对其进行额外的处理,这些材料被用于处理上述种子,以便将一种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白施加到所述种子上。可以通过高压或低压喷雾、注射、包衣、喷粉和浸泡方法将所述包括过敏反应诱导物的其它材料施加到所述转基因植物种子上。类似地,可以通过一次或几次施加所述过敏反应诱导物对转基因植物作进一步的处理,以增强该植物中由过敏反应诱导的抗性。还可以用常见的植物处理剂(例如,杀昆虫剂、肥料等)处理所述植物。可将本发明的转基因植物用于生产种子或繁殖体(例如插穗),由种子或繁殖体生长出抗病植株。
实施例
例1-用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理种子的效果
将Marglobe番茄种子于第0天浸泡在装在烧杯中的源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导蛋白(大约26μmg/ml)溶液或缓冲液中,在28℃下在生长箱中浸泡24小时。在源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导蛋白或缓冲液中浸泡种子之后于第一天将这些种子播种到装有人造土的发芽盆中。在第12天的2片真叶期将幼苗移植到单独的盆中。在移植之后,由处理过的种子所长出的某些植株还要喷洒源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导蛋白(大约13μmg/ml)(处理3和4)。
在第23天用青枯假单胞菌K60菌株接种在上一段文字中所提到的处理过的番茄(参见Kelman,“青枯假单胞菌的致病性与四唑氮培养基上的菌落外观的关系”,植物病理学44:693-95(1954)),所述接种过程是这样进行的:通过其根部形成一个垂直的切口,并将番茄植株的培养基装盆(距离其茎部切线方向2cm,2次/盆),并将10ml(5×108cfu/ml)悬浮液放入其土壤中。
上述方法的每次处理使用10粒用源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导蛋白处理过的种子。
处理:
1.将种子浸泡在源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导蛋白中(大约26μmg/ml)。
2.将种子浸泡在缓冲液中(5mM KPO4,pH6.8)。
3.将种子浸泡在源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导蛋白中(大约26μmg/ml),并在移植时用源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导蛋白(大约13μmg/ml)喷洒幼苗。
4.将种子浸泡在缓冲液中,并在移植时用源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的过敏反应诱导蛋白(大约13μmg/ml)喷洒幼苗。
以上处理的结果在表1-4中给出。
表1-感染数据-种子处理之后28天和接种之后5天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
*发病等级:
0级:无症状
1级:1个叶片部分枯萎
2级:2-3个叶片枯萎
3级:除了顶部2-3个叶片外全部枯萎
4级:所有叶片枯萎
5级:植株死亡
表2-感染数据-种子处理之后31天和接种之后8天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
表3-感染数据-种子处理之后35天和接种之后12天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
表4-用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理种子的发病指数
处理 | 接种 | 发病指数(%)* | |||
第0天 | 第14天 | 第23天 | 第28天 | 第31天 | 第35天 |
1.过敏反应诱导蛋白种子浸泡 | 接种 | 0 | 8 | 20 | |
2.缓冲液种子浸泡 | 接种 | 2 | 20 | 38 | |
3.过敏反应诱导蛋白种子浸泡 | 喷洒过敏反应诱导蛋白 | 接种 | 2 | 4 | 18 |
4.缓冲液种子浸泡 | 喷洒过敏反应诱导蛋白 | 接种 | 0 | 8 | 24 |
*发病指数是用下列文献中所提出的方法测定的:N.N.Winstead等,“用于评价对青枯假单胞菌的抗性的接种技术”,植物病理学42:628-34(1952),特别参见第629页。
以上数据表明,作为种子处理剂,在降低发病指数方面,过敏反应诱导蛋白比缓冲液更为有效,而且与用过敏反应诱导蛋白喷洒幼小植株的叶片同样有效。
例2-用源于pCPP2139的过敏反应诱导蛋白和pCPP50载体处理番茄种子对番茄南方细菌枯萎病的影响
在第0天将Marglobe番茄种子浸泡在装在烧杯中的源于pCPP2139的过敏反应诱导蛋白或pCPP50载体溶液中(1∶50,1∶100和1∶200),在28℃下在生长箱中浸泡24小时。在过敏反应诱导蛋白或载体中浸泡种子之后,于第0天将其播种到装有人造土的发芽盆中。从以下每一种处理中随机挑选10个外观一致的植株:
处理 菌株 稀释 Harpin含量
1 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶50 8μg/ml
2 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶50 0
3 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶100 4μg/ml
4 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶100 0
5 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶200 2μg/ml
6 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶200 0
通过将番茄幼苗植株的根部放在40ml(1×108cfu/ml)悬浮液中浸泡30秒的方式用青枯假单胞菌K60接种所得到的幼苗。然后于第12天将这些幼苗移植到装有人造土的盆中。
以上处理的结果在表5-8给出。
表5-种子处理之后16天和接种之后3天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 10 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
表6-种子处理之后19天和接种之后6天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
3 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
4 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
5 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
6 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
表7-种子处理之后21天和接种之后8天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
2 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
3 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
4 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
5 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
6 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
表8-用过敏反应诱导物和载体处理种子的发病指数
处理 | 发病指数(%) | |||
第0天 | 第12天 | 第15天 | 第18天 | 第20天 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶50) | 接种 | 6.0 | 32.0 | 38.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶50) | 接种 | 10.0 | 58.0 | 70.0 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶100) | 接种 | 8.0 | 64.0 | 68.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶100) | 接种 | 8.0 | 46.0 | 58.0 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶200) | 接种 | 6.0 | 60.0 | 72.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶200) | 接种 | 12.0 | 74.0 | 74.0 |
以上数据表明,在预防番茄南方细菌枯萎病方面所述过敏反应诱导蛋白比所述载体溶液更为有效。
例3-用源于pCPP2139的过敏反应诱导蛋白和pCPP50载体处理番茄种子对番茄南方细菌枯萎病的影响
在第0天将Marglobe番茄种子浸泡在装在烧杯中的源于pCPP2139的过敏反应诱导蛋白或pCPP50载体溶液中(1∶50,1∶100和1∶200),在28℃下在生长箱中浸泡24小时。在过敏反应诱导蛋白或载体中浸泡种子之后,于第0天将其播种到装有人造土的发芽盆中。从以下每一种处理中随机挑选10个外观一致的植株:
处理 菌株 稀释 过敏反应诱导物含量
1 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶50 8μg/ml
2 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶50 0
3 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶100 4μg/ml
4 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶100 0
5 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶200 2μg/ml
6 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶200 0
通过将番茄幼苗植株的根部放在40ml(1×106cfu/ml)悬浮液中浸泡约30秒的方式用青枯假单胞菌K60接种所得到的幼苗。然后于第12天将这些幼苗移植到装有人造土的盆中。
以上处理的结果在表9-12给出。
表9-种子处理之后16天和接种之后3天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
表10-种子处理之后19天和接种之后6天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
2 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
3 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
4 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
5 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 |
6 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
表11-过敏反应诱导蛋白种子处理之后21天和接种之后8天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
2 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
3 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
4 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
5 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
6 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 |
表12-用过敏反应诱导蛋白和载体处理种子的发病指数
第1天 | 第13天 | 第16天 | 第19天 | 第21天 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶50) | 接种 | 4.0 | 42.0 | 46.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶50) | 接种 | 6.0 | 70.0 | 64.0 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶100) | 接种 | 6.0 | 48.0 | 46.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶100) | 接种 | 6.0 | 60.0 | 64.0 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶200) | 接种 | 4.0 | 72.0 | 80.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶200) | 接种 | 6.0 | 74.0 | 86.0 |
以上数据表明,在预防番茄南方细菌枯萎病方面所述过敏反应诱导蛋白更为有效。
例4-用源于pCPP2139的过敏反应诱导蛋白和pCPP50载体处理番茄种子对番茄南方细菌枯萎病的影响
在第0天将Marglobe番茄种子浸泡在装在烧杯中的源于pCPP2139的过敏反应诱导蛋白或pCPP50载体溶液中(1∶25,1∶50和1∶100),在28℃下在生长箱中浸泡24小时。在过敏反应诱导蛋白或载体中浸泡种子之后,于第1天将其播种到装有人造土的发芽盆中。从以下每一种处理中随机挑选10个外观一致的植株:
处理 菌株 稀释 Harpin
1 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶25 16μg/ml
2 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶25 0
3 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶50 8μg/ml
4 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶50 0
5 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶100 2μg/ml
6 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶100 0
通过将番茄幼苗植株的根部放在40ml(1×108cfu/ml)悬浮液中浸泡约30秒的方式用青枯假单胞菌K60接种所得到的幼苗。然后于第14天将这些幼苗移植到装有人造土的盆中。
以上处理的结果在表13-16给出。
表13-种子处理之后19天和接种之后4天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
6 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
表14-种子处理之后21天和接种之后6天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
5 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
6 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
表15-种子处理之后23天和接种之后8天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
3 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
5 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
6 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
表16-用过敏反应诱导蛋白和载体处理种子的发病指数
处理 | 发病指数(%) | |||
第1天 | 第15天 | 第19天 | 第21天 | 第23天 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶25) | 接种 | 4.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶25) | 接种 | 18.0 | 28.0 | 40.0 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶50) | 接种 | 2.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶50) | 接种 | 20.0 | 36.0 | 48.0 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶100) | 接种 | 16.0 | 22.0 | 38.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶100) | 接种 | 16.0 | 34.0 | 40.0 |
以上数据表明,在预防番茄南方细菌枯萎病方面所述过敏反应诱导蛋白比载体溶液更为有效。在病害控制方面,浓度为1∶50的过敏反应蛋白尤其有效。
例5-用源于pCPP2139的过敏反应诱导蛋白和pCPP50载体处理番茄种子对番茄南方细菌枯萎病的影响
在第0天将Marglobe番茄种子浸泡在装在烧杯中的源于pCPP2139的过敏反应诱导蛋白或pCPP50载体溶液中(1∶25,1∶50和1∶100),在28℃下在生长箱中浸泡24小时。在过敏反应诱导蛋白或载体中浸泡种子之后,于第1天将其播种到装有人造土的发芽盆中。从以下每一种处理中随机挑选10个外观一致的植株:
处理 菌株 稀释 Harpin
1 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶25 16μg/ml
2 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶25 0
3 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶50 8μg/ml
4 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶50 0
5 DH5α(pCPP2139) 1∶100 4μg/ml
6 DH5α(pCPP50) 1∶100 0
通过将番茄幼苗植株的根部放在40ml(1×106cfu/ml)悬浮液中浸泡约30秒的方式用青枯假单胞菌K60接种所得到的幼苗。然后于第14天将这些幼苗移植到装有人造土的盆中。
以上处理的结果在表17-20给出。
表17-种子处理之后19天和接种之后4天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
6 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
表18-种子处理之后21天和接种之后6天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
3 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
6 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
表19-种子处理之后23天和接种之后8天
特定发病等级的植株数* | |||||||
处理 | 植株 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
1 | 10 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
3 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
5 | 10 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
6 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
表20-用过敏反应诱导蛋白和载体处理种子的发病指数
处理 | 发病指数(%) | |||
第0天 | 第15天 | 第19天 | 第21天 | 第23天 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶25) | 接种 | 4.0 | 12.0 | 14.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶25) | 接种 | 10.0 | 26.0 | 38.0 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶50) | 接种 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 8.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶50) | 接种 | 8.0 | 26.0 | 32.0 |
过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡种子(1∶100) | 接种 | 14.0 | 18.0 | 36.0 |
载体浸泡种子(1∶100) | 接种 | 8.0 | 30.0 | 42.0 |
以上数据表明,在预防番茄南方细菌枯萎病方面所述过敏反应诱导蛋白比载体溶液更为有效。在病害控制方面,浓度为1∶50的过敏反应蛋白尤其有效。
例6-用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理水稻种子,以减轻稻杆腐烂病
在室温下,将水稻种子(品种M-202)浸泡在2加仑浓度为20μg的过敏反应诱导蛋白溶液中,浸泡24小时。将浸泡在不含过敏反应诱导蛋白的相同溶液中的水稻种子用作对照。浸泡以后,通过飞机播撒的方法将所述种子播种到稻田中。过敏反应诱导蛋白处理和对照处理各有4次重复。每一个重复的试验地大小为150Ft2。每块试验地的设计是完全随机的,并且以显著水平感染了稻腐小核菌(Sclerotium oryzae)。播种后3个月,按照以下评级标准评价茎杆的腐烂程度:1级=无病害,2=在叶鞘的外部存在病害,3=病害已完全渗透叶鞘,但未出现在秆上,4=病害出现在秆的外部,但未渗透秆的内部,和5=病害已渗透秆的内部。对来自每一个重复的40个植株进行取样,病评价其发病率和发病程度。从表21中可以看出,用过敏反应诱导物处理种子可以减轻发病率和病害程度。更具体地讲,就发病率而言,对照处理中有67%的植株感染了茎腐病,而过敏反应诱导蛋白处理组仅有40%的植株感染病害。就病害程度而言,过敏反应诱导蛋白处理的发病指数*为34%,而对照的发病指数*为60%。因此,用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理水稻种子可明显减轻稻杆腐烂病。由过敏反应诱导蛋白在水稻中诱导的抗性能持续一个季节的长度。除了抗病性以外,还观察到用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理过的水稻少有或没有受到粘虫(Spoboptera praefica)的破坏。另外,与对照植物相比,处理过的植株较大而且有更深的绿色。
表21-茎腐病(稻腐小核菌)在水稻M-202上的发病率和发病程度
处理 | 特定发病等级植株的% | 发病指数(%)(发病程度) | ||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
Harpin20μg/ml | 60 | 5 | 8 | 18 | 10 | 34 |
对照 | 33 | 5 | 18 | 28 | 18 | 60 |
例7-用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理洋葱种子对洋葱条黑粉病(Urocystiscepulae)发生和对幼苗现出的影响
将用过敏反应诱导蛋白或对照物处理过的洋葱种子播种到天然有机土或“腐殖质”土中,所述洋葱种子的品种为Tennant(种子批号64387),获自Crookham公司(Caldwell,ID83606)。由所播种的种子生长出的某些幼苗是健康的,某些具有洋葱条黑粉病的坏死症状,而某些播种下去的种子不能产生能从土壤中长出的幼苗。因此,测定了用各种浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白处理洋葱种子的效果。
天然感染的腐殖质土获自纽约州的Oswego县,在这里已种植过数年的洋葱,而且在这里洋葱条黑粉病已普遍较严重。将桶装腐殖质土(5加仑的塑料桶)放在4℃下保存待用。将所述土壤混合、过筛、并放入10英寸宽、20英寸长和2英寸深的塑料盘中,以用于上述实验。根据初步实验,该土壤中含有洋葱条黑粉病(Urocystis cepulae)的很多繁殖体,因此,当洋葱种子播种到该土壤中时,在从该土壤中长出的很多幼苗上会出现条黑粉病病斑。另外,该土壤还具有其它微生物,包括会导致“立枯病”的微生物。能导致立枯病的几种真菌为腐霉菌、镰孢菌,和丝核菌。
将由解淀粉欧文氏菌的hrpN基因编码的过敏反应诱导蛋白用于处理种子。所述蛋白是通过用高表达载体在大肠杆菌中发酵克隆的基因而生产的。通过高压液相层析对无细胞诱导物制剂所作的分析探明其过敏反应诱导蛋白的含量,并根据所探明的含量用水制备合适的稀释液。将种子浸泡到分别装有浓度为0、5、25和50μgm/ml的过敏反应诱导蛋白的烧杯中,浸泡24小时。将种子取出,用吸水纸简单地干燥,并播种到腐殖质土中。将处理过的种子成行种植,每一个处理的每一行种15粒种子,每一个盘中包括2个重复,一其有6个重复。因此,用每一种农度的过敏反应诱导蛋白一共处理了90粒种子。将含有所述种子的所述盘保持在受控制的环境室中,在60°F(15.6℃)下工作,昼长14小时/夜长10小时。对幼苗的现出症状(条黑粉病斑)进行观察。在播种23天后记录数据。
在表22中示出了用不同浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白浸泡洋葱种子对洋葱幼苗现出和对洋葱条黑粉病发病率的影响。在现出率方面仅观察出小的差别,这表明用所使用的浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白处理没有明显的效果。在所现出的幼苗中,由未受到过敏反应诱导蛋白处理的种子长出的幼苗表现出的洋葱条黑粉病症状明显多于由用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理的种子长出的幼苗的发病症状。在减轻洋葱条黑粉病实验中表明用25μgm/ml的过敏反应诱导蛋白处理种子是最有效的浓度。因此,该实施例表明,用洋葱过敏反应诱导蛋白处理洋葱种子可减轻洋葱条黑粉病的病害程度。
表22-用过敏反应诱导蛋白(即Harpin)处理洋葱种子对
洋葱条黑粉病(Urocystis cepulae)发生的影响。
现出情况 | ||||
Harpin处理(μg/ml) | 现出幼苗的平均数(共15粒种子) | 现出百分比的平均数 | 健壮株百分比 | 条黑粉病发病百分比 |
0 | 5.00 | 33.3 | 20.0 | 80.0 |
5 | 3.67 | 24.4 | 40.9 | 59.1 |
25 | 4.331 | 28.8 | 50.0 | 46.2 |
50 | 4.17 | 27.7 | 44.0 | 56.0 |
1一个幼苗现出然后死亡
例8-用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理番茄种子对番茄细菌斑(丁香假单胞菌番茄致病变种(Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato)发生的影响
用四种浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白(包括非诱导蛋白,水处理对照)处理番茄种子,并将其播种到泥炭蛭石混合土中,所述番茄种子的品种为New Yorker(种子批号2273-2B),该种子获自Harris种子公司,(Rochester,纽约)。12天以后,当幼苗达到第二真叶期时,用细菌斑病原体进行接种。10天以后,评价处理过的植株和接种过的植株的感染程度。这样测定了用各种浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白处理番茄种子对抗丁香假单胞菌番茄致病变种的抗性的影响。
将由解淀粉欧文氏菌的hrpN基因编码的过敏反应诱导蛋白用于处理种子。所述蛋白是通过用高表达载体在大肠杆菌中发酵克隆的基因而生产的。通过高压液相层析对无细胞诱导物制剂所作的分析探明其过敏反应诱导蛋白的含量,并根据所探明的含量用水制备合适的稀释液。将种子浸泡到分别装有浓度为0、5、10和20μgm/ml的过敏反应诱导蛋白的烧杯中,浸泡24小时。将种子取出,用吸水纸简单地干燥,并播种。所用土壤是装在10英寸宽、20英寸长和2英寸深的塑料盘中的泥炭和PearliteTM的混合物。将处理过的种子成行种植,每一个处理的每一行种6粒种子,每一个盘中包括2个重复,一共有4个重复,因此,用每一种浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白一共处理了24粒种子。将含有所述种子的所述盘保持在受控制的环境室中,在75°F(25℃)下工作,昼长14小时/夜长10小时。
当生长到12日龄时,用108集落形成单位/ml的病原体接种番茄幼苗,以叶面喷洒剂的形式使用。在接种后用一个塑料盖覆盖装有所述幼苗的盘,保持48小时,以维持高湿度,对症状的严重程度进行观察,使用0-5的等级。评级是基于在小叶和子叶上形成的病斑数量,并根据由与所述病斑相伴的坏死所造成的对植株部分的相对损伤进行的。在接种11天后,分别对子叶和(真)小叶发病程度进行评级。
在表23中示出了不同浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白(即harpin)浸泡番茄种子对细菌斑在番茄小叶和子叶上形成的影响。与处理相比,由实验中用最高含量的过敏反应诱导蛋白(20μgm/ml)处理过的种子所长出的幼苗具有较少的染病小叶和子叶。用水处理的对照幼苗与用两种较低浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白处理过的植株相比没有显著差异。考虑到发病等级,这些结果是相似的。只有用最高浓度的过敏反应诱导蛋白处理过的植株的发病等级低于其它处理的发病等级。该实施例表明,用过敏反应诱导蛋白处理番茄种子,可减轻番茄细菌斑的发病率和严重程度。
表23-用过敏反应诱导蛋白(即Harpin)处理番茄种子对随后在番茄子叶和
番茄小叶上发生的细菌斑点病(丁香假单胞菌番茄致病变种)的影响
子叶 | 小叶 | |||||
Harpin处理(μg/ml) | 平均发病数 | 发病百分比 | 发病等级 | 平均发病数 | 发病百分比 | 发病等级 |
0 | 6.0/9.0 | 66.6 | 0.8 | 25.8/68.8 | 37.5 | 0.5 |
5 | 5.3/7.3 | 72.4 | 0.8 | 22.5/68.0 | 37.5 | 0.5 |
10 | 5.8/8.0 | 72.3 | 0.8 | 25.5/66.0 | 38.6 | 0.5 |
20 | 5.3/8.5 | 61.8 | 0.6 | 23.8/73.5 | 32.2 | 0.4 |
尽管出于说明的目的已对本发明作过详细说明,对应当理解的是这些细节仅仅是用于说明目的的,本领域技术人员在不违背本发明构思和范围的前提下可对这些细节加以改变,本发明的范围是由以下权利要求限定的。
序列表
(1)一般资料:
(i)申请人:Cornell Research Foundation,Inc.
(ii)发明名称:通过种子处理由过敏反应在植物中诱导的抗性
(iii)序列数:10
(iv)联系地址:
(A)收件人:Nixon,Hargrave,Devans & Doyle LLP
(B)街道:P.O.Box 1051,Clinton Square
(C)城市:Rochester
(D)州:纽约
(E)国家:美国
(F)邮编:14603
(v)计算机可读形式:
(A)媒体类型:软盘
(B)计算机:IBM PC兼容
(C)操作系统:PC-DOS/MS-DOS
(D)软件:PatentIn Release#1.0,Version#1.30
(vi)当前申请数据:
(A)申请号:
(B)申请日:
(C)分类号:
(vii)在先申请数据:
(A)申请号:US60/033,230
(B)申请日:1996年12月5日
(viii)律师/代理人资料:
(A)姓名:Goldman,Michael L.
(B)注册号:30,727
(C)资料/文件号:19603/1202
(ix)通信资料:
(A)电话:(716)263-1304
(B)传真:(716)263-1600
(2)序列1资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:338氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(C)链型:
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:蛋白
(xi)序列描述:序列1:Met Gln Ile Thr Ile Lys Ala His Ile Gly Gly Asp Leu Gly Val Ser1 5 10 15Gly Leu Gly Ala Gln Gly Leu Lys Gly Leu Asn Ser Ala Ala Ser Ser
20 25 30Leu Gly Ser Ser Val Asp Lys Leu Ser Ser Thr Ile Asp Lys Leu Thr
35 40 45Ser Ala Leu Thr Ser Met Met Phe Gly Gly Ala Leu Ala Gln Gly Leu
50 55 60Gly Ala Ser Ser Lys Gly Leu Gly Met Ser Asn Gln Leu Gly Gln Ser65 70 75 80Phe Gly Asn Gly Ala Gln Gly Ala Ser Asn Leu Leu Ser Val Pro Lys
85 90 95Ser Gly Gly Asp Ala Leu Ser Lys Met Phe Asp Lys Ala Leu Asp Asp
100 105 110Leu Leu Gly His Asp Thr Val Thr Lys Leu Thr Asn Gln Ser Asn Gln
115 120 125Leu Ala Asn Ser Met Leu Asn Ala Ser Gln Met Thr Gln Gly Asn Met
130 135 140Asn Ala Phe Gly Ser Gly Val Asn Asn Ala Leu Ser Ser Ile Leu Gly145 150 155 160Asn Gly Leu Gly Gln Ser Met Ser Gly Phe Ser Gln Pro Ser Leu Gly
165 170 175Ala Gly Gly Leu Gln Gly Leu Ser Gly Ala Gly Ala Phe Asn Gln Leu
180 185 190Gly Asn Ala Ile Gly Met Gly Val Gly Gln Asn Ala Ala Leu Ser Ala
195 200 205Leu Ser Asn Val Ser Thr His Val Asp Gly Asn Asn Arg His Phe Val
210 215 220Asp Lys Glu Asp Arg Gly Met Ala Lys Glu Ile Gly Gln Phe Met Asp225 230 235 240Gln Tyr Pro Glu Ile Phe Gly Lys Pro Glu Tyr Gln Lys Asp Gly Trp
245 250 255Ser Ser Pro Lys Thr Asp Asp Lys Ser Trp Ala Lys Ala Leu Ser Lys
260 265 270Pro Asp Asp Asp Gly Met Thr Gly Ala Ser Met Asp Lys Phe Arg Gln
275 280 285Ala Met Gly Met Ile Lys Ser Ala Val Ala Gly Asp Thr Gly Asn Thr
290 295 300Asn Leu Asn Leu Arg Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Ser Leu Gly Ile Asp Ala305 310 315 320Ala Val Val Gly Asp Lys Ile Ala Asn Met Ser Leu Gly Lys Leu Ala
325 330 335Asn Ala
(2)序列2资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:2141个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)
(xi)序列描述:序列2:CGATTTTACC CGGGTGAACG TGCTATGACC GACAGCATCA CGGTATTCGA CACCGTTACG 60GCGTTTATGG CCGCGATGAA CCGGCATCAG GCGGCGCGCT GGTCGCCGCA ATCCGGCGTC 120GATCTGGTAT TTCAGTTTGG GGACACCGGG CGTGAACTCA TGATGCAGAT TCAGCCGGGG 180CAGCAATATC CCGGCATGTT GCGCACGCTG CTCGCTCGTC GTTATCAGCA GGCGGCAGAG 240TGCGATGGCT GCCATCTGTG CCTGAACGGC AGCGATGTAT TGATCCTCTG GTGGCCGCTG 300CCGTCGGATC CCGGCAGTTA TCCGCAGGTG ATCGAACGTT TGTTTGAACT GGCGGGAATG 360ACGTTGCCGT CGCTATCCAT AGCACCGACG GCGCGTCCGC AGACAGGGAA CGGACGCGCC 420CGATCATTAA GATAAAGGCG GCTTTTTTTA TTGCAAAACG GTAACGGTGA GGAACCGTTT 480CACCGTCGGC GTCACTCAGT AACAAGTATC CATCATGATG CCTACATCGG GATCGGCGTG 540GGCATCCGTT GCAGATACTT TTGCGAACAC CTGACATGAA TGAGGAAACG AAATTATGCA 600AATTACGATC AAAGCGCACA TCGGCGGTGA TTTGGGCGTC TCCGGTCTGG GGCTGGGTGC 660TCAGGGACTG AAAGGACTGA ATTCCGCGGC TTCATCGCTG GGTTCCAGCG TGGATAAACT 720GAGCAGCACC ATCGATAAGT TGACCTCCGC GCTGACTTCG ATGATGTTTG GCGGCGCGCT 780GGCGCAGGGG CTGGGCGCCA GCTCGAAGGG GCTGGGGATG AGCAATCAAC TGGGCCAGTC 840TTTCGGCAAT GGCGCGCAGG GTGCGAGCAA CCTGCTATCC GTACCGAAAT CCGGCGGCGA 900TGCGTTGTCA AAAATGTTTG ATAAAGCGCT GGACGATCTG CTGGGTCATG ACACCGTGAC 960CAAGCTGACT AACCAGAGCA ACCAACTGGC TAATTCAATG CTGAACGCCA GCCAGATGAC 1020CCAGGGTAAT ATGAATGCGT TCGGCAGCGG TGTGAACAAC GCACTGTCGT CCATTCTCGG 1080CAACGGTCTC GGCCAGTCGA TGAGTGGCTT CTCTCAGCCT TCTCTGGGGG CAGGCGGCTT 1140GCAGGGCCTG AGCGGCGCGG GTGCATTCAA CCAGTTGGGT AATGCCATCG GCATGGGCGT 1200GGGGCAGAAT GCTGCGCTGA GTGCGTTGAG TAACGTCAGC ACCCACGTAG ACGGTAACAA 1260CCGCCACTTT GTAGATAAAG AAGATCGCGG CATGGCGAAA GAGATCGGCC AGTTTATGGA 1320TCAGTATCCG GAAATATTCG GTAAACCGGA ATACCAGAAA GATGGCTGGA GTTCGCCGAA 1380GACGGACGAC AAATCCTGGG CTAAAGCGCT GAGTAAACCG GATGATGACG GTATGACCGG 1440CGCCAGCATG GACAAATTCC GTCAGGCGAT GGGTATGATC AAAAGCGCGG TGGCGGGTGA 1500TACCGGCAAT ACCAACCTGA ACCTGCGTGG CGCGGGCGGT GCATCGCTGG GTATCGATGC 1560GGCTGTCGTC GGCGATAAAA TAGCCAACAT GTCGCTGGGT AAGCTGGCCA ACGCCTGATA 1620ATCTGTGCTG GCCTGATAAA GCGGAAACGA AAAAAGAGAC GGGGAAGCCT GTCTCTTTTC 1680TTATTATGCG GTTTATGCGG TTACCTGGAC CGGTTAATCA TCGTCATCGA TCTGGTACAA 1740ACGCACATTT TCCCGTTCAT TCGCGTCGTT ACGCGCCACA ATCGCGATGG CATCTTCCTC 1800GTCGCTCAGA TTGCGCGGCT GATGGGGAAC GCCGGGTGGA ATATAGAGAA ACTCGCCGGC 1860CAGATGGAGA CACGTCTGCG ATAAATCTGT GCCGTAACGT GTTTCTATCC GCCCCTTTAG 1920CAGATAGATT GCGGTTTCGT AATCAACATG GTAATGCGGT TCCGCCTGTG CGCCGGCCGG 1980GATCACCACA ATATTCATAG AAAGCTGTCT TGCACCTACC GTATCGCGGG AGATACCGAC 2040AAAATAGGGC AGTTTTTGCG TGGTATCCGT GGGGTGTTCC GGCCTGACAA TCTTGAGTTG 2100GTTCGTCATC ATCTTTCTCC ATCTGGGCGA CCTGATCGGT T 2141
(2)序列3资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:403氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(C)链型:
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:蛋白
(xi)序列描述:序列3:Met Ser Leu Asn Thr Ser Gly Leu Gly Ala Ser Thr Met Gln Ile Ser1 5 10 15Ile Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Asn Asn Gly Leu Leu Gly Thr Ser Arg Gln
20 25 30Asn Ala Gly Leu Gly Gly Asn Ser Ala Leu Gly Leu Gly Gly Gly Asn
35 40 45Gln Asn Asp Thr Val Asn Gln Leu Ala Gly Leu Leu Thr Gly Met Met
50 55 60Met Met Met Ser Met Met Gly Gly Gly Gly Leu Met Gly Gly Gly Leu65 70 75 80Gly Gly Gly Leu Gly Asn Gly Leu Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Leu Gly Glu
85 90 95Gly Leu Ser Asn Ala Leu Asn Asp Met Leu Gly Gly Ser Leu Asn Thr
100 105 110Leu Gly Ser Lys Gly Gly Asn Asn Thr Thr Ser Thr Thr Asn Ser Pro
115 120 125Leu Asp Gln Ala Leu Gly Ile Asn Ser Thr Ser Gln Asn Asp Asp Ser
130 135 140Thr Ser Gly Thr Asp Ser Thr Ser Asp Ser Ser Asp Pro Met Gln Gln145 150 155 160Leu Leu Lys Met Phe Ser Glu Ile Met Gln Ser Leu Phe Gly Asp Gly
165 170 175Gln Asp Gly Thr Gln Gly Ser Ser Ser Gly Gly Lys Gln Pro Thr Glu
180 185 190Gly Glu Gln Asn Ala Tyr Lys Lys Gly Val Thr Asp Ala Leu Ser Gly
195 200 205Leu Met Gly Asn Gly Leu Ser Gln Leu Leu Gly Asn Gly Gly Leu Gly
210 215 220Gly Gly Gln Gly Gly Asn Ala Gly Thr Gly Leu Asp Gly Ser Ser Leu225 230 235 240Gly Gly Lys Gly Leu Gln Asn Leu Ser Gly Pro Val Asp Tyr Gln Gln
245 250 255Leu Gly Asn Ala Val Gly Thr Gly Ile Gly Met Lys Ala Gly Ile Gln
260 265 270Ala Leu Asn Asp Ile Gly Thr His Arg His Ser Ser Thr Arg Ser Phe
275 280 285Val Asn Lys Gly Asp Arg Ala Met Ala Lys Glu Ile Gly Gln Phe Met
290 295 300Asp Gln Tyr Pro Glu Val Phe Gly Lys Pro Gln Tyr Gln Lys Gly Pro305 310 315 320Gly Gln Glu Val Lys Thr Asp Asp Lys Ser Trp Ala Lys Ala Leu Ser
325 330 335Lys Pro Asp Asp Asp Gly Met Thr Pro Ala Ser Met Glu Gln Phe Asn
340 345 350Lys Ala Lys Gly Met Ile Lys Arg Pro Met Ala Gly Asp Thr Gly Asn
355 360 365Gly Asn Leu Gln Ala Arg Gly Ala Gly Gly Ser Ser Leu Gly Ile Asp
370 375 380Ala Met Met Ala Gly Asp Ala Ile Asn Asn Met Ala Leu Gly Lys Leu385 390 395 400Gly Ala Ala
(2)序列4资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:1288个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)
(xi)序列描述:序列4:AAGCTTCGGC ATGGCACGTT TGACCGTTGG GTCGGCAGGG TACGTTTGAA TTATTCATAA 60GAGGAATACG TTATGAGTCT GAATACAAGT GGGCTGGGAG CGTCAACGAT GCAAATTTCT 120ATCGGCGGTG CGGGCGGAAA TAACGGGTTG CTGGGTACCA GTCGCCAGAA TGCTGGGTTG 180GGTGGCAATT CTGCACTGGG GCTGGGCGGC GGTAATCAAA ATGATACCGT CAATCAGCTG 240GCTGGCTTAC TCACCGGCAT GATGATGATG ATGAGCATGA TGGGCGGTGG TGGGCTGATG 300GGCGGTGGCT TAGGCGGTGG CTTAGGTAAT GGCTTGGGTG GCTCAGGTGG CCTGGGCGAA 360GGACTGTCGA ACGCGCTGAA CGATATGTTA GGCGGTTCGC TGAACACGCT GGGCTCGAAA 420GGCGGCAACA ATACCACTTC AACAACAAAT TCCCCGCTGG ACCAGGCGCT GGGTATTAAC 480TCAACGTCCC AAAACGACGA TTCCACCTCC GGCACAGATT CCACCTCAGA CTCCAGCGAC 540CCGATGCAGC AGCTGCTGAA GATGTTCAGC GAGATAATGC AAAGCCTGTT TGGTGATGGG 600CAAGATGGCA CCCAGGGCAG TTCCTCTGGG GGCAAGCAGC CGACCGAAGG CGAGCAGAAC 660GCCTATAAAA AAGGAGTCAC TGATGCGCTG TCGGGCCTGA TGGGTAATGG TCTGAGCCAG 720CTCCTTGGCA ACGGGGGACT GGGAGGTGGT CAGGGCGGTA ATGCTGGCAC GGGTCTTGAC 780GGTTCGTCGC TGGGCGGCAA AGGGCTGCAA AACCTGAGCG GGCCGGTGGA CTACCAGCAG 840TTAGGTAACG CCGTGGGTAC CGGTATCGGT ATGAAAGCGG GCATTCAGGC GCTGAATGAT 900ATCGGTACGC ACAGGCACAG TTCAACCCGT TCTTTCGTCA ATAAAGGCGA TCGGGCGATG 960GCGAAGGAAA TCGGTCAGTT CATGGACCAG TATCCTGAGG TGTTTGGCAA GCCGCAGTAC 1020CAGAAAGGCC CGGGTCAGGA GGTGAAAACC GATGACAAAT CATGGGCAAA AGCACTGAGC 1080AAGCCAGATG ACGACGGAAT GACACCAGCC AGTATGGAGC AGTTCAACAA AGCCAAGGGC 1140ATGATCAAAA GGCCCATGGC GGGTGATACC GGCAACGGCA ACCTGCAGGC ACGCGGTGCC 1200GGTGGTTCTT CGCTGGGTAT TGATGCCATG ATGGCCGGTG ATGCCATTAA CAATATGGCA 1260CTTGGCAAGC TGGGCGCGGC TTAAGCTT 1288
(2)序列5资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:341氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(C)链型:
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:蛋白
(xi)序列描述:序列5:Met Gln Ser Leu Ser Leu Asn Ser Ser Ser Leu Gln Thr Pro Ala Met1 5 10 15Ala Leu Val Leu Val Arg Pro Glu Ala Glu Thr Thr Gly Ser Thr Ser
20 25 30Ser Lys Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Val Val Lys Leu Ala Glu Glu Leu Met
35 40 45Arg Asn Gly Gln Leu Asp Asp Ser Ser Pro Leu Gly Lys Leu Leu Ala
50 55 60Lys Ser Met Ala Ala Asp Gly Lys Ala Gly Gly Gly Ile Glu Asp Val65 70 75 80Ile Ala Ala Leu Asp Lys Leu Ile His Glu Lys Leu Gly Asp Asn Phe
85 90 95Gly Ala Ser Ala Asp Ser Ala Ser Gly Thr Gly Gln Gln Asp Leu Met
100 105 110Thr Gln Val Leu Asn Gly Leu Ala Lys Ser Met Leu Asp Asp Leu Leu
115 120 125Thr Lys Gln Asp Gly Gly Thr Ser Phe Ser Glu Asp Asp Met Pro Met
130 135 140Leu Asn Lys Ile Ala Gln Phe Met Asp Asp Asn Pro Ala Gln Phe Pro145 150 155 160Lys Pro Asp Ser Gly Ser Trp Val Asn Glu Leu Lys Glu Asp Asn Phe
165 170 175Leu Asp Gly Asp Glu Thr Ala Ala Phe Arg Ser Ala Leu Asp Ile Ile
180 185 190Gly Gln Gln Leu Gly Asn Gln Gln Ser Asp Ala Gly Ser Leu Ala Gly
195 200 205Thr Gly Gly Gly Leu Gly Thr Pro Ser Ser Phe Ser Asn Asn Ser Ser
210 215 220Val Met Gly Asp Pro Leu Ile Asp Ala Asn Thr Gly Pro Gly Asp Ser225 230 235 240Gly Asn Thr Arg Gly Glu Ala Gly Gln Leu Ile Gly Glu Leu Ile Asp
245 250 255Arg Gly Leu Gln Ser Val Leu Ala Gly Gly Gly Leu Gly Thr Pro Val
260 265 270Asn Thr Pro Gln Thr Gly Thr Ser Ala Asn Gly Gly Gln Ser Ala Gln
275 280 285Asp Leu Asp Gln Leu Leu Gly Gly Leu Leu Leu Lys Gly Leu Glu Ala
290 295 300Thr Leu Lys Asp Ala Gly Gln Thr Gly Thr Asp Val Gln Ser Ser Ala305 310 315 320Ala Gln Ile Ala Thr Leu Leu Val Ser Thr Leu Leu Gln Gly Thr Arg
325 330 335Asn Gln Ala Ala Ala
340
(2)序列6资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:1026个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)
(xi)序列描述:序列6:ATGCAGAGTC TCAGTCTTAA CAGCAGCTCG CTGCAAACCC CGGCAATGGC CCTTGTCCTG 60GTACGTCCTG AAGCCGAGAC GACTGGCAGT ACGTCGAGCA AGGCGCTTCA GGAAGTTGTC 120GTGAAGCTGG CCGAGGAACT GATGCGCAAT GGTCAACTCG ACGACAGCTC GCCATTGGGA 180AAACTGTTGG CCAAGTCGAT GGCCGCAGAT GGCAAGGCGG GCGGCGGTAT TGAGGATGTC 240ATCGCTGCGC TGGACAAGCT GATCCATGAA AAGCTCGGTG ACAACTTCGG CGCGTCTGCG 300GACAGCGCCT CGGGTACCGG ACAGCAGGAC CTGATGACTC AGGTGCTCAA TGGCCTGGCC 360AAGTCGATGC TCGATGATCT TCTGACCAAG CAGGATGGCG GGACAAGCTT CTCCGAAGAC 420GATATGCCGA TGCTGAACAA GATCGCGCAG TTCATGGATG ACAATCCCGC ACAGTTTCCC 480AAGCCGGACT CGGGCTCCTG GGTGAACGAA CTCAAGGAAG ACAACTTCCT TGATGGCGAC 540GAAACGGCTG CGTTCCGTTC GGCACTCGAC ATCATTGGCC AGCAACTGGG TAATCAGCAG 600AGTGACGCTG GCAGTCTGGC AGGGACGGGT GGAGGTCTGG GCACTCCGAG CAGTTTTTCC 660AACAACTCGT CCGTGATGGG TGATCCGCTG ATCGACGCCA ATACCGGTCC CGGTGACAGC 720GGCAATACCC GTGGTGAAGC GGGGCAACTG ATCGGCGAGC TTATCGACCG TGGCCTGCAA 780TCGGTATTGG CCGGTGGTGG ACTGGGCACA CCCGTAAACA CCCCGCAGAC CGGTACGTCG 840GCGAATGGCG GACAGTCCGC TCAGGATCTT GATCAGTTGC TGGGCGGCTT GCTGCTCAAG 900GGCCTGGAGG CAACGCTCAA GGATGCCGGG CAAACAGGCA CCGACGTGCA GTCGAGCGCT 960GCGCAAATCG CCACCTTGCT GGTCAGTACG CTGCTGCAAG GCACCCGCAA TCAGGCTGCA 1020GCCTGA 1026
(2)序列7资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:344氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(C)链型:
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(II)分子类型:蛋白
(xi)序列描述:序列7:Met Ser Val Gly Asn Ile Gln Ser Pro Ser Asn Leu Pro Gly Leu Gln1 5 10 15Asn Leu Asn Leu Asn Thr Asn Thr Asn Ser Gln Gln Ser Gly Gln Ser
20 25 30Val Gln Asp Leu Ile Lys Gln Val Glu Lys Asp Ile Leu Asn Ile Ile
35 40 45Ala Ala Leu Val Gln Lys Ala Ala Gln Ser Ala Gly Gly Asn Thr Gly
50 55 60Asn Thr Gly Asn Ala Pro Ala Lys Asp Gly Asn Ala Asn Ala Gly Ala65 70 75 80Asn Asp Pro Ser Lys Asn Asp Pro Ser Lys Ser Gln Ala Pro Gln Ser
85 90 95Ala Asn Lys Thr Gly Asn Val Asp Asp Ala Asn Asn Gln Asp Pro Met
100 105 110Gln Ala Leu Met Gln Leu Leu Glu Asp Leu Val Lys Leu Leu Lys Ala
115 120 125Ala Leu His Met Gln Gln Pro Gly Gly Asn Asp Lys Gly Asn Gly Val
130 135 140Gly Gly Ala Asn Gly Ala Lys Gly Ala Gly Gly Gln Gly Gly Leu Ala145 150 155 160Glu Ala Leu Gln Glu Ile Glu Gln Ile Leu Ala Gln Leu Gly Gly Gly
165 170 175Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Gly Val Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly
180 185 190Ala Asp Gly Gly Ser Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Gly Gly Ala Asn Gly Ala
195 200 205Asp Gly Gly Asn Gly Val Asn Gly Asn Gln Ala Asn Gly Pro Gln Asn
210 215 220Ala Gly Asp Val Asn Gly Ala Asn Gly Ala Asp Asp Gly Ser Glu Asp225 230 235 240Gln Gly Gly Leu Thr Gly Val Leu Gln Lys Leu Met Lys Ile Leu Asn
245 250 255Ala Leu Val Gln Met Met Gln Gln Gly Gly Leu Gly Gly Gly Asn Gln
260 265 270Ala Gln Gly Gly Ser Lys Gly Ala Gly Asn Ala Ser Pro Ala Ser Gly
275 280 285Ala Asn Pro Gly Ala Asn Gln Pro Gly Ser Ala Asp Asp Gln Ser Ser
290 295 300Gly Gln Asn Asn Leu Gln Ser Gln Ile Met Asp Val Val Lys Glu Val305 310 315 320Val Gln Ile Leu Gln Gln Met Leu Ala Ala Gln Asn Gly Gly Ser Gln
325 330 335Gln Ser Thr Ser Thr Gln Pro Met
340
(2)序列8资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:1035个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:DNA(基因组)
(xi)序列描述:序列8:ATGTCAGTCG GAAACATCCA GAGCCCGTCG AACCTCCCGG GTCTGCAGAA CCTGAACCTC 60AACACCAACA CCAACAGCCA GCAATCGGGC CAGTCCGTGC AAGACCTGAT CAAGCAGGTC 120GAGAAGGACA TCCTCAACAT CATCGCAGCC CTCGTGCAGA AGGCCGCACA GTCGGCGGGC 180GGCAACACCG GTAACACCGG CAACGCGCCG GCGAAGGACG GCAATGCCAA CGCGGGCGCC 240AACGACCCGA GCAAGAACGA CCCGAGCAAG AGCCAGGCTC CGCAGTCGGC CAACAAGACC 300GGCAACGTCG ACGACGCCAA CAACCAGGAT CCGATGCAAG CGCTGATGCA GCTGCTGGAA 360GACCTGGTGA AGCTGCTGAA GGCGGCCCTG CACATGCAGC AGCCCGGCGG CAATGACAAG 420GGCAACGGCG TGGGCGGTGC CAACGGCGCC AAGGGTGCCG GCGGCCAGGG CGGCCTGGCC 480GAAGCGCTGC AGGAGATCGA GCAGATCCTC GCCCAGCTCG GCGGCGGCGG TGCTGGCGCC 540GGCGGCGCGG GTGGCGGTGT CGGCGGTGCT GGTGGCGCGG ATGGCGGCTC CGGTGCGGGT 600GGCGCAGGCG GTGCGAACGG CGCCGACGGC GGCAATGGCG TGAACGGCAA CCAGGCGAAC 660GGCCCGCAGA ACGCAGGCGA TGTCAACGGT GCCAACGGCG CGGATGACGG CAGCGAAGAC 720CAGGGCGGCC TCACCGGCGT GCTGCAAAAG CTGATGAAGA TCCTGAACGC GCTGGTGCAG 780ATGATGCAGC AAGGCGGCCT CGGCGGCGGC AACCAGGCGC AGGGCGGCTC GAAGGGTGCC 840GGCAACGCCT CGCCGGCTTC CGGCGCGAAC CCGGGCGCGA ACCAGCCCGG TTCGGCGGAT 900GATCAATCGT CCGGCCAGAA CAATCTGCAA TCCCAGATCA TGGATGTGGT GAAGGAGGTC 960GTCCAGATCC TGCAGCAGAT GCTGGCGGCG CAGAACGGCG GCAGCCAGCA GTCCACCTCG 1020ACGCAGCCGA TGTAA 1035
(2)序列9资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:26氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(C)链型:
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:肽
(xi)序列描述:序列9:Thr Leu Ile Glu Leu Met Ile Val Val Ala Ile Ile Ala Ile Leu Ala1 5 10 15Ala Ile Ala Leu Pro Ala Tyr Gln Asp Tyr
20 25
(2)序列10资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:20氨基酸
(B)类型:氨基酸
(C)链型:
(D)拓扑结构:线形
(ii)分子类型:蛋白
(xi)序列描述:序列10:Ser Ser Gln Gln Ser Pro Ser Ala Gly Ser Glu Gln Gln Leu Asp Gln1 5 10 15Leu Leu Ala Met
20
Claims (24)
1.一种生产植物种子的方法,该方法能赋予由所述种子生长出的植物对病原体的抗性,该方法包括:
将一种过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白以非感染形式施加于植物种子,处理条件为能有效赋予由该种子所生长出的植物对病原体的抗性。
2.如权利要求1的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是分离形式的。
3.如权利要求2的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白相当于源于选自下列一组的病原体的多肽或蛋白:欧文氏菌属、假单胞菌属、黄单胞菌属、疫霉属、及其混合物。
4.如权利要求3的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白相当于源于菊欧文氏菌的多肽或蛋白。
5.如权利要求3的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白相当于源于解淀粉欧文氏菌的多肽或蛋白。
6.如权利要求3的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白相当于源于丁香假单胞菌的多肽或蛋白。
7.如权利要求3的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白相当于源于青枯假单胞菌的多肽或蛋白。
8.如权利要求3的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白相当于源于野油菜黄单胞菌的多肽或蛋白。
9.如权利要求3的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白相当于一种疫霉菌的多肽或蛋白。
10.如权利要求2的方法,其中,所述植物选自双子叶和单子叶植物。
11.如权利要求10的方法,其中,所述植物选自下列一组:稻、小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、棉、向日葵、油菜、花生、玉米、马铃薯、甘薯、菜豆、豌豆、菊苣、莴苣、苦苣、甘蓝、花椰菜、花茎甘蓝、芜菁、萝卜、菠菜、洋葱、大蒜、茄子、胡椒、芹菜、胡萝卜、南瓜、西葫芦、小西葫芦、黄瓜、苹果、梨、瓜、草莓、葡萄、树莓、菠萝、大豆、烟草、番茄、高粱和甘蔗。
12.如权利要求10的方法,其中,所述植物选自下列一组:蔷薇、非洲紫苣苔属、矮牵牛、天竺葵属、一品红、菊、香石竹和百日草。
13.如权利要求2的方法,其中,所述植物对其有抗性的病原体选自下列一组:病毒、细菌、真菌、及其组合。
14.如权利要求2的方法,其中,所述施加是通过喷雾、注射、包衣、喷粉或浸泡实现的。
15.如权利要求2的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是以还含有一种载体的组合物形式施加到植物种子上。
16.如权利要求15的方法,其中,所述载体选自下列一组:水、水溶液、糊剂和粉末。
17.如权利要求15的方法,其中,所述组合物含有大于0.5nM的所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白。
18.如权利要求15的方法,其中,所述组合物还含有选自下列一组的添加剂:肥料、杀昆虫剂、杀线虫剂、杀真菌剂、除草剂、及其混合物。
19.如权利要求1的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是以细菌形式使用的,该细菌不会导致发病,而且是用编码所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的基因转化过的。
20.如权利要求1的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是以细菌形式使用的,该细菌会导致某些植物种发病,但不会使以下植物发病:这些植物的种子用所述施加的方法作过处理,并含有编码所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的基因。
21.如权利要求2的方法,其中,所述施加会导致所述多肽或蛋白浸入所述植物种子。
22.如权利要求2的方法,还包括:
将施加了所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白的种子播种到土壤中,和
由播种的种子繁殖植株。
23.如权利要求22的方法,还包括:
将所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白施加到所述繁殖的植株上,以增强该植株对病原体的抗性。
24.如权利要求2的方法,其中,所述过敏反应诱导多肽或蛋白是真菌过敏反应诱导物。
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US3323096P | 1996-12-05 | 1996-12-05 | |
US60/033,230 | 1996-12-05 |
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CN1245393A CN1245393A (zh) | 2000-02-23 |
CN1145692C true CN1145692C (zh) | 2004-04-14 |
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US (3) | US6235974B1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP0957672A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2001506491A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20000057395A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1145692C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU744776B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9713861A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2274307C (zh) |
FI (1) | FI991277A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ336041A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL334126A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1998024297A1 (zh) |
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-
1997
- 1997-12-03 US US08/984,207 patent/US6235974B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-04 KR KR1019990704951A patent/KR20000057395A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-12-04 CN CNB971816697A patent/CN1145692C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-04 PL PL97334126A patent/PL334126A1/xx unknown
- 1997-12-04 BR BR9713861-4A patent/BR9713861A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-04 AU AU56935/98A patent/AU744776B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-12-04 EP EP97953129A patent/EP0957672A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-12-04 EP EP10179977A patent/EP2272321A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-12-04 JP JP52588898A patent/JP2001506491A/ja active Pending
- 1997-12-04 NZ NZ336041A patent/NZ336041A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-04 CA CA002274307A patent/CA2274307C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-04 WO PCT/US1997/022629 patent/WO1998024297A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1999
- 1999-06-04 FI FI991277A patent/FI991277A/fi unknown
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2001
- 2001-01-19 US US09/766,348 patent/US20020116733A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-10-05 US US12/573,869 patent/US20100242358A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
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FI991277A (fi) | 1999-07-27 |
JP2001506491A (ja) | 2001-05-22 |
CN1245393A (zh) | 2000-02-23 |
AU5693598A (en) | 1998-06-29 |
EP0957672A4 (en) | 2005-01-26 |
US20100242358A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
NZ336041A (en) | 2000-06-23 |
FI991277A0 (fi) | 1999-06-04 |
CA2274307A1 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
WO1998024297A1 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
KR20000057395A (ko) | 2000-09-15 |
EP2272321A2 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
US6235974B1 (en) | 2001-05-22 |
CA2274307C (en) | 2006-10-10 |
BR9713861A (pt) | 2000-03-14 |
US20020116733A1 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
AU744776B2 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
EP0957672A1 (en) | 1999-11-24 |
EP2272321A3 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
PL334126A1 (en) | 2000-02-14 |
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