CN114568412B - Method for preventing and controlling storage pests like beetles - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling storage pests like beetles Download PDFInfo
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- CN114568412B CN114568412B CN202210303105.9A CN202210303105A CN114568412B CN 114568412 B CN114568412 B CN 114568412B CN 202210303105 A CN202210303105 A CN 202210303105A CN 114568412 B CN114568412 B CN 114568412B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
- A01M1/2022—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide
- A01M1/2027—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide without heating
- A01M1/2055—Holders or dispensers for solid, gelified or impregnated insecticide, e.g. volatile blocks or impregnated pads
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
- A01M1/2022—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling storage pests like beetles, which comprises the following steps: preparing carvacrol into outdoor solution with preset concentration, placing carvacrol solution in a fumigating device, and fumigating the fumigating device in the central position of a granary, wherein the outdoor preset concentration of carvacrol solution is LC obtained by an indoor test 50 1-5 times and taking an integer; the storage pests of the weevil are weevil of Coleoptera, weevil, largehead beetle or weevil of the Phlebidae; the invention has safe components and excellent activity, belongs to a novel environment-friendly plant source fumigant with stable sources, and realizes the effective treatment of stored pests by a fumigation mode; the test device is convenient to operate and easy to control, is convenient for placing pests and clamping filter paper, reduces the requirements on operators, improves the success rate of the test, and reduces the test requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of prevention and control of storage pests, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and controlling storage pests like beetles.
Background
Carvacrol is a main component of a plurality of natural plant volatile oils, mainly exists in oregano and thyme, has good growth inhibition effect on bacteria, saccharomycetes, fungi and mites, and is widely used in the research fields of antioxidants, food additives, feed additives, cosmetic fragrances, medicines and the like.
At present, chemical fumigants such as aluminum phosphide, sulfuryl fluoride and early bromomethane are mainly used for controlling stored pests, a series of problems such as drug resistance, environmental pollution, ecological system damage, residue, food safety threat and the like of the pests are exposed along with the massive use of the fumigants, and the use of the chemical fumigants is more and more strictly limited and even eliminated along with the popularization of concepts such as green foods, organic tobacco leaves and the like. Finding compounds with insecticidal activity from plants is one of the important ways to solve this problem and is also an important direction for the creation of new pesticides. The existing fumigation agent has the problems of easy drug resistance, environmental pollution and ecological system damage, and the problems of pollution and affected fumigation effect caused by the simple existing fumigation test device and easy touch of filter paper on the wall of a triangular bottle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling storage pests like beetles, which solves the problems of high toxicity, drug resistance of the pests, environmental pollution, threat to grain safety, simplicity of the existing fumigation device and difficult operation of the existing chemical fumigation device.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for controlling storage pests such as beetles comprises the following steps:
carvacrol is prepared into outdoor solution with preset concentration,
the carvacrol solution is placed in a fumigating device,
the fumigating device is arranged at the center of the granary to fumigate,
wherein the outdoor preset concentration of the carvacrol solution is LC obtained by indoor test 50 1-5 times and taking an integer; the storage insect is Coleoptera, paralidae, pogostemonaceae or Pogostemonaceae.
Further, in fumigation, the fumigation time is 48 hours, the continuous fumigation times are 2-4 times, and the interval time is 15 days.
Further, the coleopteran weevil pest is green weevil (Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus), the weevil pest is midge (Sitophilus oryzae Linne), the midge pest is tobacco beetle (Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius), and the pozia pest is red-anthropomorphic beetle (Tribulium castaneum Herbst).
Further, the indoor test consisted of the following steps:
selecting storage pests like beetles with basically consistent growth, placing the storage pests in a test device,
carvacrol is prepared into a series of solutions with gradient concentration,
cutting filter paper and dripping carvacrol solution on the filter paper,
the filter paper is clamped in the test device,
placing the test device in a total darkness incubator with the temperature of 25+/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity of 45% for fumigation;
wherein the storage insect of the weevil is weevil of Coleoptera, weevil or Amyda sinensis of Amyda.
Further, the fumigating device includes:
the sphere is of a hollow spherical structure, the sphere consists of a left hemisphere and a right hemisphere which are detachably connected, carvacrol wrapped by gauze is placed in the sphere, and a connecting hole is formed in the sphere;
a connecting pipe, the inner end of which passes through the connecting hole and stretches into the sphere,
the connecting rod is located the connecting pipe, and the inner fixedly connected with fixture block of connecting rod is used for passing the connecting hole and stretches into in the spheroid and block in the spheroid, and the middle part of connecting rod passes through the middle part swing joint of dead lever and connecting pipe, and the connecting rod outer end is close to the outer end setting of connecting pipe, and the connecting rod can swing in the connecting pipe and make the fixture block or loosen the spheroid.
Further, the test device includes:
the shell is a hollow structure with an opening at the front side, the bottom of the shell is used for placing stored pests, positioning grooves are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the shell in a penetrating way, the positioning grooves are vertical and are arranged close to the front side,
the cover plate is vertically arranged, is adapted to the structure of the front opening of the shell, is positioned in two corresponding positioning grooves, is used for moving left and right and closing the front opening of the shell, is provided with an extending hole,
the imbedding plate is positioned at the position of the extending hole and seals the extending hole, the imbedding plate is provided with an imbedding hole,
the clamping piece consists of two clamping rods with middle sections hinged with each other, the rear half section of the clamping piece penetrates through the placing hole and stretches into the inner cavity of the shell, the middle section of the clamping piece is clamped on the placing hole and is used for clamping the filter paper sheet, and effective components on the filter paper sheet fumigate stored pests.
Further, the test device further includes:
the two clamping blocks are symmetrically arranged and located between the rear ends of the two clamping rods, the axes of the clamping blocks are arranged in a front-back trend and are cylindrical, the upper end of one clamping block is fixedly connected with one clamping rod, and the lower end of the other clamping block is fixedly connected with the other clamping rod and used for clamping filter paper.
Further, stretch into the downthehole, be provided with the step around its a week, the step is used for stopping to put into the board and falls into the casing inner chamber, and the front side of apron still rotates and is connected with the clamp plate, and the clamp plate is used for pressing to put into the board on the apron through rotating.
Further, the test device further includes:
the blocking plate is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, is arranged in the front and back, and the front side of the blocking plate is fixedly connected with the cover plate and is used for blocking the cover plate from moving continuously after the cover plate moves to a preset position and facilitating the pest to be put into the inner cavity of the shell;
the upper barrier strip and the lower barrier strip are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side gap of the shell and the cover plate, and the rear side of the upper barrier strip and the lower barrier strip are fixedly connected with the cover plate and are used for sealing the gap.
Further, a plurality of flow holes are arranged at the bottom of the shell,
further comprises: the covering plate is paved in the inner cavity of the shell and at the bottom of the shell, a plurality of blocking columns are fixedly connected to the lower side of the covering plate, each blocking column is used for blocking each flowing hole, the covering plate is used for blocking the flowing holes by the blocking columns when the test device is used independently, the covering plate is removed when a plurality of test devices are used in a superposition mode, the flowing holes are smooth, and then effective components in other test devices are subjected to fumigation tests on pests in the test device through the flowing holes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention has safe components and excellent activity, belongs to a novel environment-friendly plant source fumigant with stable sources, and realizes the effective treatment of stored pests by a fumigation mode; the test device is convenient to operate and easy to control, is convenient for placing pests and clamping filter paper, reduces the requirements on operators, improves the success rate of the test, and reduces the test requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a test device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the fumigating device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a housing; 2. a cover plate; 3. a positioning groove; 4. an extending hole; 5. an insertion plate; 6. placing into the hole; 7. a clamping member; 8. a clamping rod; 9. a clamping block; 10. a pressing plate; 11. a blocking plate; 12. an upper barrier strip; 13. a lower barrier strip; 14. a cover plate; 15. a sphere; 16. a connecting pipe; 17. a connecting rod; 18. a compression bar; 19. a clamping block; 20. an elastic member; 21. and a fixing rod.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The carvacrol has good volatility at normal temperature and normal pressure, can quickly fill the closed space in a gaseous form in a closed environment, and can enter the insect body from the air holes of the insect through the respiratory circulatory system along with the respiration of the insect to generate the killing effect.
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling storage pests like beetles, which comprises the following steps:
preparing carvacrol into an outdoor solution with preset concentration, wherein the outdoor preset concentration of the carvacrol solution is LC in an indoor test 50 1-5 times and integer.
The carvacrol solution is placed in a fumigating device,
the fumigating device is placed in the center of a granary for fumigating, the fumigating time is 48h, the number of times of continuous fumigating is 2-4, and the interval time is 15 days.
Wherein the storage insect of the weevil class is a Coleoptera weevilaceae, a weevilidae class, a beetle class or a Phleboideae class, the insect of the Coleoptera weevilidae class is a green bean class (Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus), the insect of the weevilidae class is a midge class (Sitophilus oryzae Linne), the insect of the Phleboideae class is a tobacco beetle class (Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius), and the insect of the Phleboideae class is a red Phlebopus class (Tribulium castaneum Herbst).
As shown in fig. 3, the fumigating device includes: the ball 15 is of a hollow spherical structure, the ball 15 consists of a left hemisphere and a right hemisphere which are detachably connected, carvacrol wrapped by gauze is placed in the ball 15, and a connecting hole is formed in the ball 15.
The inner of connecting pipe 16 passes the connecting hole stretches into spheroid 15, and connecting rod 17 is located connecting pipe 16 is interior, connecting rod 17 inner fixedly connected with fixture block 19, fixture block 19 are used for stretching into spheroid 15 and block in spheroid 15 through the connecting hole, and connecting rod 17 middle part is through dead lever 21 and connecting pipe 16's middle part swing joint, and connecting rod 17 outer end is close to the outer end setting of connecting pipe 16, connecting rod 17 rotates with dead lever 21, and connecting rod 17 can swing in connecting pipe 16 and make fixture block 19 block or loosen spheroid 15 promptly.
The depression bar 18 is L shape, and the middle part of depression bar 18 is articulated with the pipe wall of connecting pipe 16, and the vertical section of depression bar 18 is located connecting pipe 16, and the horizontal section of depression bar 18 is located outside the connecting pipe 16, and the free end of the vertical section of depression bar 18 is used for pushing down the outer end of connecting rod 17 for the inner of connecting rod 17 rotates around dead lever 21, makes fixture block 19 and spheroid 15 separate, and then after the central point that spheroid 15 got into the granary, with spheroid 15 and connecting pipe 16 separation, take out connecting pipe 16 and connecting rod 17 and fixture block 19.
The fumigating device further comprises an elastic piece 20, one end of the elastic piece 20 is fixedly connected with the middle of the connecting rod 17, the other end of the elastic piece 20 is fixedly connected with the inside of the connecting pipe 16 corresponding to the connecting rod 17, and the elastic piece 20 is used for automatically resetting the connecting rod 17 after the connecting rod 17 is loosened by the compression rod 18.
The indoor test of the invention comprises the following steps:
selecting storage pests like beetles with basically consistent growth, placing the storage pests in a test device,
carvacrol is prepared into a series of solutions with gradient concentration,
cutting filter paper and dripping carvacrol solution on the filter paper,
the filter paper is clamped in the test device,
placing the test device in a total darkness incubator with the temperature of 25+/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity of 45% for fumigation;
wherein the storage insect of the weevil is weevil of Coleoptera, weevil or Amyda sinensis of Amyda.
The Coleoptera species of the family Phalaidaceae is Butyrospermum parkii (Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus), the like family Phalaidae is Miqua (Sitophilus oryzae Linne) and the like family Pogostemonaceae is Nicotiana tabacum (Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius), and the like family Pogostemonaceae is Phalaria rubra (Tribulium castaneum Herbst).
The test device, as shown in FIGS. 1-2, comprises: the device comprises a shell 1, a cover plate 2, an imbedding plate 5 and a clamping piece 7. The casing 1 is front side open-ended hollow structure, and casing 1's bottom is used for placing storage pest, runs through all to offer constant head tank 3 on casing 1's left side wall and right side wall, and constant head tank 3 is vertical, and is close to the front side setting, and apron 2 vertical setting, apron 2 and casing 1 front side open structure suits, and apron 2 is located two constant head tanks 3 that correspond, and apron 2 is used for controlling the removal and seals casing 1's front side opening, has offered on the apron 2 and has stretched into hole 4.
The placing plate 5 is located the place of the extending hole 4 and seals the extending hole 4, the placing hole 6 is formed in the placing plate 5, the clamping piece 7 is composed of two clamping rods 8 with middle sections hinged to each other, the latter half section of the clamping piece 7 penetrates through the placing hole 6 and extends into the inner cavity of the shell 1, the middle section of the clamping piece 7 is clamped on the placing hole 6, the clamping piece 7 is used for clamping filter paper sheets, and effective components on the filter paper sheets fumigate stored pests.
Through this device fumigation test, convenient operation, the requirement is simple, only needs to remove apron 2 along constant head tank 3 for conveniently put into in casing 1 the pest can, put into the pest back, pulling apron 2 rapidly, make apron 2 seal casing 1 inner chamber, then take off and put into board 5, will drip the filter paper centre gripping that has carvacrol on two clamping rods 8, then will put into board 5 card can on apron 2 rapidly, operating speed is fast, the requirement is low.
The test device further comprises: the two clamping blocks 9 are symmetrically arranged and located between the rear ends of the two clamping rods 8, the axes of the two clamping blocks 9 are arranged in a front-back trend, the two clamping blocks 9 are cylindrical, the upper end of one clamping block 9 is fixedly connected with one clamping rod 8, and the lower end of the other clamping block 9 is fixedly connected with the other clamping rod 8 and used for clamping filter paper. Can conveniently carry out the centre gripping to filter paper through setting up two clamp blocks 9, two clamp blocks 9 set up from top to bottom, can also set up two clamp blocks 9 to have elastic rubber to the lower extreme that is located clamp block 9 of upside and the upper end that is located clamp block 9 of downside contact each other, carry out the centre gripping with filter paper through the mutual contact of two clamp blocks 9 at this moment, guarantee the fixed of filter paper.
A step is arranged around the periphery of the insertion plate 5 in the insertion hole 4, the step is used for preventing the insertion plate 5 from falling into the inner cavity of the shell 1, the front side of the cover plate 2 is also rotationally connected with a pressing plate 10, and the pressing plate 10 is used for pressing the insertion plate 5 on the cover plate 2 through rotation. The imbedding plate 5 is fixed on the cover plate 2 through the step and the pressing plate 10, and a sealing ring is further arranged around the stretching-in hole 4 for sealing the imbedding plate, so that the volatilization of active ingredients on the filter paper through the stretching-in hole 4 is avoided.
The test device further comprises a blocking plate 11, the blocking plate 11 is located in the inner cavity of the shell 1, the blocking plate 11 is vertical and is arranged along the front-back trend, the front side of the blocking plate 11 is fixedly connected with the cover plate 2, the blocking plate 11 is used for blocking the cover plate 2 from continuously moving after the cover plate 2 moves to a preset position, and pests are conveniently placed into the inner cavity of the shell 1. Because the clamping piece 7 is arranged on the cover plate 2, the blocking plate 11 is required to block when the cover plate 2 is moved, so that the cover plate 2 is prevented from being separated from the positioning groove 3.
The test device further comprises: the upper barrier strip 12 and the lower barrier strip 13 are respectively positioned at the gaps of the upper side and the lower side of the shell 1 and the cover plate 2, the rear sides of the upper barrier strip 12 and the lower barrier strip 13 are fixedly connected with the cover plate 2, and the upper barrier strip 12 and the lower barrier strip 13 are used for sealing the gaps.
A plurality of flow holes have been seted up to casing 1 bottom, and test device still includes: the cover plate 14, the cover plate 14 is laid in the inner chamber of casing 1 and casing 1 bottom, and the downside fixedly connected with of cover plate 14 is a plurality of vertical setting's plug posts, and each plug post is used for plugging up each circulation hole, and the cover plate 14 is used for plugging up the circulation hole and uses when test device alone, and the cover plate 14 is torn down when a plurality of test device stack use for the circulation hole is unblocked, and then makes the effective component in other test device carry out fumigation test to the pest in this test device through the circulation hole. Because a plurality of comparison tests are needed in normal tests, and different pests are required to be tested by each concentration, a plurality of test devices are needed to operate, the test devices can be mutually circulated by removing the cover plate 14, gaps among the test devices are sealed, at the moment, filter paper sheets with one concentration can be placed, and tests are carried out corresponding to a plurality of pests, so that the test cost is reduced, and the test speed is also improved.
Example 1
(1) Experimental materials
The rice weevil, the green bean weevil and the red-like orychophragmus are agricultural pesticides of Yunnan agricultural university and are preserved by chemical ecological experiments, and are artificially fed into an insect-raising room. Tobacco beetles are provided by red river cigarette factories of red river groups and are artificially fed in insect feeding chambers of agricultural pesticides and chemical ecological laboratories of Yunnan universities. Carvacrol (carvacrol, CAS 499-75-2): 99% Aladin-Ala Ding Shiji (Shanghai).
(2) Specific procedures and examples
Cutting filter paper into (1 cm multiplied by 5 cm) filter paper strips, folding one long end by 0.2-0.3 cm, inoculating the test device with green bean image adults with basically consistent growth, taking carvacrol with different doses by a micropipette, injecting the carvacrol on the filter paper strips, and then rapidly sealing a cover plate 2 carrying the filter paper strips on a shell 1 to prevent the carvacrol from volatilizing. Placing in a total darkness incubator with a temperature of 25+ -1deg.C and a relative humidity of 45% for fumigation. On the basis of the pre-experiments, 5 different concentrations and 1 blank were set, each treatment was repeated 5 times,and after a certain time, checking fumigation conditions and recording the number of dead insects after each pest 50 is repeatedly tested. Death criteria death was determined by gently shaking the test device, testing the tentacles and foot immobilization of the green bean image, and correcting mortality by SPSS software statistical analysis as shown in Table 1, half-lethal concentration LC for 48h 50 2.40mg/L.
TABLE 1 fumigating Activity of carvacrol on Lvy
Example 2
Referring to example 1, the corrected mortality of carvacrol fumigated rice weevils is shown in Table 2, and carvacrol fumigated rice weevils of different concentrations all have remarkable killing effect, and half lethal concentration LC of 48 hours 50 2.29mg/L.
TABLE 2 fumigating Activity of carvacrol versus Mi Xiang
Example 3
Referring to example 1, the corrected mortality of carvacrol fumigated tobacco beetles is shown in Table 3, half-lethal concentration LC after 48h of fumigation 50 8.28mg/L.
TABLE 3 fumigating Activity of carvacrol on tobacco beetles
Example 4
Referring to example 1, the corrected mortality of carvacrol fumigated red-mimetic coryza is shown in Table 4, the vitality of red-mimetic coryza is stubborn, the natural mortality after 72 hours is 0.00, and the half-lethal concentration LC after 48 hours of fumigating 50 20.96mg/L.
TABLE 4 fumigating Activity of carvacrol on Setaria erythropolis
The result of the invention shows that the death rate of carvacrol fumigating green bean weevil, rice weevil, tobacco beetle and red-hogwash for 48 hours reaches more than 90 percent, and fumigating toxicity LC 50 2.40mg/L, 2.29mg/L, 8.28mg/L and 20.96mg/L, respectively.
Example 5
The method comprises the steps of randomly sampling 1kg of rice to survey and count the number of sampled rice, averaging 5 times, sealing the warehouse, pulling a warning line at the position of 3 meters at the periphery of the warehouse to prohibit non-laboratory personnel from entering, calculating the area of the warehouse, putting a fumigating device containing carvacrol with the concentration of 10mg/L at normal temperature and normal pressure at a reasonable position of the warehouse by professional fumigating staff with safety protection measures, surveying and counting the death number of the rice by the same method after 48 hours, and continuously fumigating for 2 times per half month for effectively controlling the occurrence of the rice to be harmful, properly disposing the fumigating device and ventilating and dispersing the rice warehouse.
Example 6
The green bean image hazard occurs in a certain granary, and 10mg/L carvacrol is used for fumigating the green bean warehouse at normal temperature and normal pressure in reference to the embodiment 5, and the green bean image hazard can be effectively controlled by continuously fumigating for 2 times every 48 hours 1 time in each half month.
Example 7
The red-simulated theft of certain flour in a warehouse is harmful, 20mg/L carvacrol is adopted for fumigating the warehouse at normal temperature and normal pressure in reference example 5, and the continuous fumigating is carried out for 4 times every 48 hours for 1 time every half month, so that the harmful red-simulated theft can be effectively controlled.
The invention carries out solid bin fumigation in a grain warehouse, which shows that the effect of 10-20 mg/L carvacrol solid bin fumigation for more than 2 days is optimal.
The carvacrol is the main component of natural plant volatile oil such as oregano, thyme and the like, is a food additive which is allowed to be used in the regulations of GB 2760-2014 and GB 31627-2014, can be directly extracted, can be artificially synthesized, can directly purchase commercial finished products, and has the advantages of low toxicity, environmental protection, economy, safety, high efficiency, excellent fumigating activity on stored pests, difficult drug resistance of the pests, wide and stable sources and the like compared with the existing high-toxicity chemical fumigant.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for controlling storage pests such as beetles, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carvacrol is prepared into outdoor solution with preset concentration,
the carvacrol solution is placed in a fumigating device,
the fumigating device is arranged at the center of the granary to fumigate,
wherein the outdoor preset concentration of the carvacrol solution is LC obtained by indoor test 50 1-5 times and taking an integer; the storage pests of the weevil are weevil of Coleoptera, weevil, largehead beetle or weevil of the Phlebidae;
the fumigating device comprises:
the ball body (15) is of a hollow spherical structure, the ball body (15) consists of a left hemisphere and a right hemisphere which are detachably connected, carvacrol wrapped by gauze is placed in the ball body (15), and a connecting hole is formed in the ball body (15);
a connecting tube (16) whose inner end extends into the sphere (15) through the connecting hole,
connecting rod (17), be located connecting pipe (16), connecting rod (17) inner fixedly connected with fixture block (19), fixture block (19) are used for penetrating in connecting hole stretches into spheroid (15) and block in spheroid (15), connecting rod (17) middle part is through middle part swing joint of dead lever (21) and connecting pipe (16), connecting rod (17) outer end is close to the outer end setting of connecting pipe (16), connecting rod (17) can swing in connecting pipe (16) and make fixture block (19) block or loosen spheroid (15).
2. The method for controlling storage pests such as beetles according to claim 1, wherein the fumigation time is 48 hours, the number of consecutive fumigation times is 2-4, and the interval time is 15 days.
3. The method for controlling storage insects of the order phagostomidae as claimed in claim 1, wherein said coleoptera phagostimulaceae insect is a green bean image (Callosobruchus chinensis Linnaeus), said phagostimulaceae insect is a rice image (Sitophilus oryzae Linne), said cyrtophaceae insect is a tobacco beetle (Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius), and said phagostimulaceae phagostimula is a red-anthropomorphic beetle (Tribuliumcastaneum Herbst).
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the laboratory test consists of the steps of:
selecting storage pests like beetles with basically consistent growth, placing the storage pests in a test device,
carvacrol is prepared into a series of solutions with gradient concentration,
cutting filter paper and dripping carvacrol solution on the filter paper,
the filter paper is clamped in the test device,
placing the test device in a total darkness incubator with the temperature of 25+/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity of 45% for fumigation;
wherein the storage insect of the weevil is weevil of Coleoptera, weevil or Amyda sinensis of Amyda.
5. A method for controlling stored-product pests such as nail according to claim 4, wherein said test device comprises:
the shell (1) is a hollow structure with an opening at the front side, the bottom of the shell is used for placing stored pests, positioning grooves (3) are arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the shell in a penetrating way, the positioning grooves (3) are vertical and are arranged close to the front side,
the cover plate (2) is vertically arranged, is matched with the structure of the front opening of the shell (1), is positioned in the two corresponding positioning grooves (3), is used for moving left and right and closing the front opening of the shell (1), is provided with an extending hole (4) on the cover plate (2),
an imbedding plate (5) which is positioned at the position of the extending hole (4) and seals the extending hole (4), an imbedding hole (6) is arranged on the imbedding plate,
the clamping piece (7) consists of two clamping rods (8) with middle sections hinged with each other, the rear half section of the clamping piece penetrates through the placing hole (6) and stretches into the inner cavity of the shell (1), the middle section of the clamping piece is clamped on the placing hole (6) and is used for clamping the filter paper sheet, and effective components on the filter paper sheet fumigate stored pests.
6. The method of controlling stored-product pests such as beetles as described in claim 5, wherein said test unit further comprises:
the two clamping blocks (9) are symmetrically arranged and located between the rear ends of the two clamping rods (8), the axes of the clamping blocks are arranged in a front-back trend and are cylindrical, the upper end of one clamping block (9) is fixedly connected with one clamping rod (8), and the lower end of the other clamping block (9) is fixedly connected with the other clamping rod (8) and used for clamping filter paper.
7. A method for controlling stored-pest insects like beetles according to claim 6, characterized in that the said protruding hole (4) is provided with a step around its circumference for blocking the drop-in of the putting plate (5) into the inner cavity of the housing (1), the front side of the cover plate (2) is also rotatably connected with a pressing plate (10), the pressing plate (10) is used for pressing the putting plate (5) onto the cover plate (2) by rotation.
8. The method of controlling stored-product pests such as beetles as described in claim 7, wherein said test unit further comprises:
the blocking plate (11) is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell (1) and is arranged in front and back, the front side of the blocking plate is fixedly connected with the cover plate (2) and is used for blocking the cover plate (2) from moving continuously after the cover plate (2) moves to a preset position and facilitating the pest to be put into the inner cavity of the shell (1);
the upper barrier strip (12) and the lower barrier strip (13) are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side gaps of the shell (1) and the cover plate (2), and the rear side of the upper barrier strip is fixedly connected with the cover plate (2) and is used for sealing the gaps.
9. The method for controlling stored-pest insects like beetles according to claim 8, wherein the bottom of the housing (1) is provided with a plurality of flow holes,
further comprises: the cover plate (14) is paved in the inner cavity of the shell (1) and at the bottom of the shell (1), a plurality of blocking columns are fixedly connected to the lower side of the shell, each blocking column is used for blocking each circulation hole, the cover plate (14) is used for blocking the circulation holes by the blocking columns when the test device is used alone, the cover plate (14) is removed when the test devices are used in a superposition mode, the circulation holes are smooth, and then active ingredients in other test devices are subjected to fumigation tests on pests in the test device through the circulation holes.
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