CN114560746A - Composite nano foliar fertilizer, preparation method thereof and method for improving tobacco quality - Google Patents
Composite nano foliar fertilizer, preparation method thereof and method for improving tobacco quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN114560746A CN114560746A CN202210384147.XA CN202210384147A CN114560746A CN 114560746 A CN114560746 A CN 114560746A CN 202210384147 A CN202210384147 A CN 202210384147A CN 114560746 A CN114560746 A CN 114560746A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a composite nano foliar fertilizer, a preparation method thereof and a method for improving tobacco quality, and belongs to the technical field of plant fertilizers. The nano foliar fertilizer takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.004-0.006% of nano carbon, 0.005-0.015% of nano calcium, 0.004-0.006% of nano magnesium, 0.002-0.003% of nano vanadium, 0.002-0.003% of nano hafnium, 0.018-0.021% of nitrogen, 0.022-0.024% of phosphorus and 0.080-0.082% of potassium. The foliar fertilizer can improve the proportion of first-class tobacco leaves and improve the quality of the tobacco leaves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant fertilizers, in particular to a composite nano foliar fertilizer, a preparation method thereof and a method for improving the quality of tobacco.
Background
Tobacco is a typical leaf-based commercial crop and has a high demand for nutrient elements. One of the key points for maintaining the health of tobacco is to pay attention to the nutrition balance, especially the coordination of chemical components of tobacco leaves, which not only influences the growth and physiology of the tobacco, but also influences the disease resistance and yield of the tobacco. At present, the main problems in tobacco production in China are that the total nitrogen content of tobacco leaves is low and the nicotine content is high, so that the smell of tobacco is influenced, and the high nicotine content also has adverse effects on human health. The ratio of total nitrogen to nicotine and the ratio of reducing sugar to nicotine in tobacco leaves are key indexes for measuring the quality of tobacco, and compared with high-quality tobacco leaves, the tobacco in China has the problem that the nitrogen-base ratio and the sugar-base ratio are both low.
The foliar fertilizer has become an indispensable technical measure in agricultural production due to the characteristics of fast nutrient absorption, good fertilizer efficiency, strong pertinence, high utilization rate, simple and convenient application method and the like, and the main effect of spraying the foliar fertilizer is to maintain the nutrient balance of crops through foliar nutrition, realize the purpose of increasing yield and guaranteeing quality, and avoid soil pollution caused by improper fertilization. At present, in tobacco planting, the nitrogen content of sprayed leaf fertilizers is very high, the utilization rate is very low, the tobacco leaf quality is not greatly improved, and the environment is also influenced by overuse of nitrogen fertilizers. Therefore, the prior art lacks a foliar fertilizer which has low nitrogen content, high utilization rate and certain improvement effect on the growth and development of tobacco and the quality thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite nano foliar fertilizer, a preparation method thereof and a method for improving the quality of tobacco.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a composite nano foliar fertilizer, which takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.004-0.006% of nano carbon, 0.005-0.015% of nano calcium, 0.004-0.006% of nano magnesium, 0.002-0.003% of nano vanadium, 0.002-0.003% of nano hafnium, 0.018-0.021% of nitrogen, 0.022-0.024% of phosphorus and 0.080-0.082% of potassium.
Preferably, water is used as a solvent, and the water-soluble organic solvent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.0045-0.0055% of nano carbon, 0.0075-0.0125% of nano calcium, 0.0045-0.0055% of nano magnesium, 0.0022-0.0028% of nano vanadium, 0.0022-0.0028% of nano hafnium, 0.019-0.020% of nitrogen, 0.0225-0.0235% of phosphorus and 0.0805-0.0815% of potassium.
Preferably, water is used as a solvent, and the water-soluble organic solvent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
0.005% of nano carbon, 0.01% of nano calcium, 0.005% of nano magnesium, 0.0025% of nano vanadium, 0.0025% of nano hafnium, 0.0195% of nitrogen, 0.023% of phosphorus and 0.081% of potassium.
Preferably, the pH value of the nano foliar fertilizer is 7.4-7.6.
Preferably, the grain size of the nano carbon is 10-20 nm, the grain size of the nano calcium is 20-30 nm, the grain size of the nano magnesium is 20-30 nm, the grain size of the nano vanadium is 100-200 nm, and the grain size of the nano hafnium is 100-500 nm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nano foliar fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
mixing nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium, nano hafnium, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25-35 min to obtain the composite nano leaf fertilizer.
The invention also provides a method for improving the tobacco quality by utilizing the composite nano foliar fertilizer and the composite nano foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
the composite nano foliar fertilizer and the nano foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method are used for spraying tobacco.
Preferably, the spraying period is 25-30 days after transplanting, 58-62 days after transplanting and 88-92 days after transplanting.
Preferably, the spraying amount is 45-55L/mu each time.
The invention provides a composite nano foliar fertilizer, a preparation method thereof and a method for improving the quality of tobacco. The compound nano foliar fertilizer has the following advantages:
the nanometer material contained in the composite nanometer foliar fertilizer can enter the leaves through the leaf holes on the surfaces of the leaves due to small particle size, so as to regulate the growth and development and the quality of the tobacco, and the composite nanometer foliar fertilizer has high utilization rate and is easy to be absorbed by the tobacco.
After the composite nano foliar fertilizer prepared according to the raw materials of the invention is sprayed on tobacco, the proportion of superior tobacco leaves on the tobacco can be improved, the nitrogen/alkali and sugar/alkali values of the tobacco leaves are increased, and the upper tobacco leaves are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the influence of the foliar fertilizer of the present invention on the quality of the middle leaf of tobacco.
FIG. 2 is the effect of foliar fertilizer of the present invention on the quality of upper leaves of tobacco.
FIG. 3 shows the effect of the foliar fertilizer on the proportion of the first-class tobacco leaves in tobacco.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a composite nano foliar fertilizer, which takes water as a solvent and comprises the following components in percentage:
0.004-0.006% of nanocarbon, preferably 0.0045-0.0055%, and more preferably 0.005%;
0.005-0.015% of nano calcium, preferably 0.0075-0.0125%, and further preferably 0.01%;
0.004-0.006% of nano-magnesium, preferably 0.0045-0.0055%, and more preferably 0.005%;
0.002-0.003% of nano vanadium, preferably 0.0022-0.0028%, and further preferably 0.0025%;
0.002-0.003% of nano hafnium, preferably 0.0022-0.0028%, and further preferably 0.0025%;
0.018-0.021% of nitrogen, preferably 0.019-0.020%, and further preferably 0.0195%;
0.022 to 0.024% of phosphorus, preferably 0.0225 to 0.0235%, and more preferably 0.023%;
0.080 to 0.082% of potassium, preferably 0.0805 to 0.0815%, and more preferably 0.081%.
In the invention, the fertilizer for providing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements for the composite nano foliar fertilizer is Shoukang No. 2, and the fertilizer is purchased from Huzhou kang essence Biotechnology Co., Ltd; the total nitrogen content in the Shoukang No. 2 is 30-35 g/L, and the nitrogen is nitrate nitrogen or ammonium nitrogen; the phosphorus-providing substance in Shoukang No. 2 is P2O5In the above Shoukang No. 2, P2O5The content of (a) is 85-90 g/L; the potassium providing substance in SHOUKANG No. 2 is K2O, said shoukang No. 2 middle K2The content of O is 160-165 g/L. In the invention, the pH value of the nano foliar fertilizer is 7.4-7.6, and preferably 7.5. In the invention, the particle size of the nano carbon is 10-20 nm, preferably 15 nm; the particle size of the nano calcium is 20-30 nm, preferably 25 nm; the particle size of the nano magnesium is 20-30 nm, preferably 25 nm; the particle size of the nano vanadium is 100-200 nm, and preferably 150 nm; the particle size of the nano hafnium is 100-500 nm, preferably 300 nm.
The nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium and nano hafnium are purchased from Jiangsu Xiancheng nano material science and technology limited company.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound nano foliar fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
mixing nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium, nano hafnium, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25-35 min to obtain a composite nano leaf fertilizer; the time of the ultrasound is preferably 30 min.
The invention also provides a method for improving the tobacco quality by utilizing the composite nano foliar fertilizer and the composite nano foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
the composite nano foliar fertilizer and the composite nano foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method are used for spraying tobacco.
In the invention, the spraying period is 25-30 days after transplanting, 58-62 days after transplanting and 88-92 days after transplanting; the spraying period in the invention is preferably 27.5 days after transplanting, 60 days after transplanting and 90 days after transplanting. In the invention, the spraying amount is 45-55L/mu each time, preferably 50L/mu.
The following examples are given to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The method for determining the total nitrogen content in the tobacco leaves in the embodiment of the invention refers to a YC/T161-2002 tobacco and tobacco product total nitrogen determination continuous flow method for determination;
the method for measuring the content of the reducing sugar in the tobacco leaves refers to a method for measuring the water-soluble sugar of YC/T159-;
the method for measuring the nicotine content in the tobacco leaves refers to a continuous flow method for measuring total plant alkaloid of YC/T160-2002 tobacco and tobacco products.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer for providing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements for tobacco is Shoukang No. 2, and the fertilizer is purchased from Huzhou kang biological science and technology limited company; the content of nitrogen in the longevity-2 fertilizer is 32.5g/L, P2O5The content of (A) is 87.2 g/L; said K2The O content was 161.8 g/L.
The tobacco planting field in the embodiment of the invention is a Yunnan Chengjiang tobacco area; the planted tobacco variety is K326.
Example 1
Mixing 0.4g of nanocarbon, 1.5g of nano calcium, 0.5g of nano magnesium, 0.2g of nano vanadium, 0.3g of nano hafnium and 0.6g of Shoukang No. 2 with 9996.5g of water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25min to obtain a mixed solution, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.4 to obtain the composite nano leaf fertilizer.
The grain size of the nano carbon is 10nm, the grain size of the nano calcium is 30nm, the grain size of the nano magnesium is 20nm, the grain size of the nano vanadium is 100nm, and the grain size of the nano hafnium is 500 nm.
Example 2
Mixing 0.6g of nanocarbon, 0.5g of nano calcium, 0.6g of nano magnesium, 0.3g of nano vanadium, 0.2g of nano hafnium and 0.6g of Shoukang No. 2 with 9997.2g of water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.5 to obtain the composite nano leaf fertilizer.
The grain size of the nano carbon is 20nm, the grain size of the nano calcium is 25nm, the grain size of the nano magnesium is 30nm, the grain size of the nano vanadium is 150nm, and the grain size of the nano hafnium is 100 nm.
Example 3
Mixing 0.5g of nanocarbon, 1.0g of nano calcium, 0.4g of nano magnesium, 0.2g of nano vanadium, 0.3g of nano hafnium and 0.6g of Shoukang No. 2 with 9997.0g of water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a mixed solution, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7.6 to obtain the composite nano leaf fertilizer.
The grain size of the nano carbon is 15nm, the grain size of the nano calcium is 20nm, the grain size of the nano magnesium is 25nm, the grain size of the nano vanadium is 200nm, and the grain size of the nano hafnium is 300 nm.
Application example 1
Tobacco was planted at a row spacing of 1.20X 0.5m, 40 square meters per experiment, 3 replicates. And spraying the compound nano foliar fertilizer of the embodiment 1 according to 50L/mu after 25 days of transplanting, 60 days of transplanting and 88 days of transplanting respectively. Meanwhile, clear water with the same spraying amount is set as a reference. The spraying is carried out at four noon. Otherwise, the management is performed according to a conventional method. After the flue-cured tobacco is harvested and baked, the three middle oranges (C3F) and the two upper oranges (B2F) are respectively selected to detect the contents of total nitrogen, nicotine, reducing sugar and total sugar in the middle tobacco leaves and the upper tobacco leaves. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIGS. 1 to 2.
TABLE 1 quality of tobacco middle and upper leaves after spraying with the foliar fertilizer of the present invention
Table 1 and fig. 1-2 show that, after the foliar fertilizer of the present invention is applied, the total nitrogen and nicotine contents of the middle tobacco leaves are both reduced compared with the control group, the total nitrogen content is reduced from 2.51% to 2.25%, and reduced by 10.36%, and the nicotine content is reduced from 1.72% to 1.04%, and reduced by 39.53%. The contents of total sugar and reducing sugar in the middle tobacco leaves are improved by 22.44% and 24.14% respectively. The ratio of total nitrogen and nicotine of the middle tobacco leaves and the ratio of reducing sugar and nicotine are remarkably improved by 48.25% and 105.32%, the chemical components of the tobacco leaves are more coordinated, and the quality is improved to some extent.
After the foliar fertilizer is applied, the total nitrogen content of upper tobacco leaves is increased by 14.88 percent compared with the contrast, and the nicotine content is reduced by 37.24 percent compared with the contrast. The total sugar and reducing sugar contents of the upper tobacco leaves are increased by 22.57 percent and 38.13 percent respectively. The ratio of the total nitrogen to the nicotine of the upper tobacco leaves and the ratio of the reducing sugar to the nicotine are obviously improved, and are respectively improved by 83.18% and 119.83%, and the effect is more obvious than that of the middle tobacco leaves.
The proportion of the first-class tobacco leaves obtained after the foliar fertilizer is sprayed is compared with the proportion of the first-class tobacco leaves in comparison. The results are shown in FIG. 3.
Fig. 3 shows that the proportion of the first-class tobacco leaves obtained after the foliar fertilizer of the invention is sprayed is 46.93%, the proportion of the first-class tobacco leaves in a control group is only 38%, and the proportion of the first-class tobacco leaves after the foliar fertilizer of the invention is applied is increased by 23.5%.
The embodiment can show that the invention provides a composite nano foliar fertilizer, a preparation method thereof and a method for improving the tobacco quality. The nanometer material contained in the composite nanometer foliar fertilizer can enter the leaves through the leaf holes on the surfaces of the leaves due to the small diameter of the nanometer material, so that the growth and development and the quality of the tobacco can be regulated, the utilization rate is high, and the nanometer foliar fertilizer is easy to absorb by the tobacco. After the nano foliar fertilizer prepared according to the raw materials of the invention is sprayed on tobacco, the proportion of the upper tobacco leaves on the tobacco can be improved, the nitrogen/alkali and sugar/alkali values of the tobacco leaves are increased, and the upper tobacco leaves are improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The compound nano foliar fertilizer is characterized by taking water as a solvent and comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
0.004-0.006% of nano carbon, 0.005-0.015% of nano calcium, 0.004-0.006% of nano magnesium, 0.002-0.003% of nano vanadium, 0.002-0.003% of nano hafnium, 0.018-0.021% of nitrogen, 0.022-0.024% of phosphorus and 0.080-0.082% of potassium.
2. The compound nano foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water is used as a solvent, and the compound nano foliar fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.0045-0.0055% of nano carbon, 0.0075-0.0125% of nano calcium, 0.0045-0.0055% of nano magnesium, 0.0022-0.0028% of nano vanadium, 0.0022-0.0028% of nano hafnium, 0.019-0.020% of nitrogen, 0.0225-0.0235% of phosphorus and 0.0805-0.0815% of potassium.
3. The compound nano foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the water is used as a solvent, and the compound nano foliar fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.005% of nano carbon, 0.01% of nano calcium, 0.005% of nano magnesium, 0.0025% of nano vanadium, 0.0025% of nano hafnium, 0.0195% of nitrogen, 0.023% of phosphorus and 0.081% of potassium.
4. The compound nano foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pH of the nano foliar fertilizer is 7.4 to 7.6.
5. The compound nano foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein,
the grain size of the nano carbon is 10-20 nm, the grain size of the nano calcium is 20-30 nm, the grain size of the nano magnesium is 20-30 nm, the grain size of the nano vanadium is 100-200 nm, and the grain size of the nano hafnium is 100-500 nm.
6. The preparation method of the compound nano foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing nano carbon, nano calcium, nano magnesium, nano vanadium, nano hafnium, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25-35 min to obtain the composite nano leaf fertilizer.
7. A method for improving the tobacco quality by using the compound nano foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 or the compound nano foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the compound nano foliar fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 or the compound nano foliar fertilizer prepared by the preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is used for spraying tobacco.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the spraying period is 25-30 d after transplanting, 58-62 d after transplanting and 88-92 d after transplanting.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the amount of spraying is 45-55L/mu each time.
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2022
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