CN114557163B - Ecological restoration method for slag slope - Google Patents

Ecological restoration method for slag slope Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114557163B
CN114557163B CN202210235493.1A CN202210235493A CN114557163B CN 114557163 B CN114557163 B CN 114557163B CN 202210235493 A CN202210235493 A CN 202210235493A CN 114557163 B CN114557163 B CN 114557163B
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China
Prior art keywords
slope
fixing
carrier
slag
transverse groove
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CN114557163A (en
Inventor
张麓尔
张波
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Jiangsu Lvyan Ecology Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Lvyan Ecology Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines

Abstract

The application relates to an ecological restoration method for a slag slope, which sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) Digging a transverse groove on the slope surface along the downward direction of the slope top or the upward direction of the slope bottom, wherein the transverse groove extends along the horizontal direction of the slope surface; (2) Paving a flexible carrier in the transverse groove, and fixing the carrier with the slag slope; (3) Spraying the matrix into the transverse groove to enable the matrix to be fully paved in the transverse groove; wherein the slag slope is formed by stacking metallurgical waste residues. According to the application, the transverse grooves are dug on the slope surface of the slag slope, and the matrixes for plant growth are sprayed in the transverse grooves, so that the risk of erosion and loss of the matrixes by rain water is reduced, a good growth environment is provided for plants, the growth of plant root systems is promoted, and the slope fixing of the root systems is realized; the method is environment-friendly, green, simple and strong in operability, and is suitable for slope fixing treatment of metallurgical waste slopes.

Description

Ecological restoration method for slag slope
Technical Field
The application relates to an ecological restoration method for a slag slope.
Background
Various metallurgical waste residues such as waste iron slag, waste steel slag and the like can be generated in the metallurgical industry production process. Metallurgical plants usually stack metallurgical waste residues, which for a long time form a slag slope. Slag slopes formed by metallurgical waste residues are loose, collapse and sliding are easy to occur, and potential safety hazards exist.
The existing slope fixing method mainly comprises the modes of hanging a net on a slope, building a cement lattice and the like, the burden of the slope is increased no matter whether the net is hung on the slope or the cement is built on the slope, the slope is loose for a slag slope formed by metallurgical waste residues, and the risk of slag collapse and sliding is certainly increased by the slope fixing mode. Currently, there is no method for slope fixing for such slag slopes.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an ecological restoration method for a slag slope.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological restoration method for a slag slope sequentially comprises the following steps: (1) Digging a transverse groove on the slope surface along the downward direction of the slope top or the upward direction of the slope bottom, wherein the transverse groove extends along the horizontal direction of the slope surface; (2) Paving a flexible carrier in the transverse groove, and fixing the carrier and the slag slope; (3) Spraying a matrix into the transverse groove to enable the matrix to be fully paved in the transverse groove; wherein the slag slope is formed by stacking metallurgical waste residues.
Preferably, the fixing mode of the carrier and the slag slope comprises the steps of enabling two ends of the carrier to be exposed out of the transverse groove, and pressing the carrier which is positioned above and/or below the transverse groove and exposed out of the slope surface by using a fixing sheet and inserting the carrier into the slag slope; fixing pieces are respectively inserted into the upper side and the lower side of the fixing piece, so that the fixing pieces penetrate through the carrier and are inserted into the slag slope to fix the fixing piece and the slag slope.
Further preferably, the fixing sheet comprises bamboo chips and/or wood chips.
Still more preferably, the length of the fixing piece is 20-50 cm.
Still more preferably, the width of the fixing piece is 4-10 cm.
Still more preferably, the thickness of the fixing piece is 1-2 cm.
Preferably, a plurality of fixing pieces are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the transverse groove, and the distance between every two adjacent fixing pieces is 2-5 cm.
Preferably, the fixing piece is higher than the slope by 2-4 cm.
Further preferably, the fixing piece is higher than the slope by 3-4 cm.
Preferably, the fixing member comprises a bamboo and/or wood strap.
Further preferably, the fixing pieces located on the upper side of the fixing piece and the lower side of the fixing piece are respectively multiple, and the interval between two adjacent fixing pieces located on the same side is 30-70 cm.
Still more preferably, the distance between two adjacent fixing members located on the same side is 40-60 cm.
Preferably, the fixing piece is abutted with the fixing piece.
Further preferably, the fixing member is inserted into the slag slope in a vertical direction.
Preferably, two ends of the carrier are exposed out of the transverse grooves by 10-30 cm respectively.
Preferably, the means for securing the carrier to the slag slope comprises first laying the carrier in the transverse slot and then inserting a securing pile through the carrier and into the slag slope at a location adjacent the upper side wall of the transverse slot.
Further preferably, the carrier between the upper side wall of the transverse groove and the fixing pile is respectively attached to the upper side wall of the transverse groove and the fixing pile.
Preferably, the means for fixing the carrier to the slag slope comprises adhering the upper portion of the fixing pile to the carrier, and then inserting the fixing pile into the slag slope at a position close to the upper side wall of the transverse groove and laying the carrier into the transverse groove.
Further preferably, a carrier bonded to the fixing piles is located between the upper side walls of the transverse grooves and the fixing piles.
Preferably, the bonding method includes punching holes in the carrier along the transverse direction of the carrier, controlling the diameter of the holes to be 2-5 cm, then enabling the fixing piles to be inserted into the holes along the vertical direction of the carrier, enabling the upper ends of the carrier to be level with the upper ends of the fixing piles, and enabling part of the fixing piles above the holes to be bonded with the carrier.
Further preferably, washers which are adhered to the carrier and used for reinforcing the holes are respectively arranged in the front-rear direction of the holes, the outer diameter of each washer is 8-10 cm, and the inner diameter of each washer is consistent with the diameter of each hole.
Still more preferably, the washer is a felt washer.
Preferably, the height of the upper end of the carrier from the hole is greater than the depth of the transverse slot.
Further preferably, the length of the fixing piles bonded to the carrier is not greater than the depth of the transverse grooves, and the carrier exposed to the transverse grooves is not bonded to the fixing piles.
Preferably, the fixing piles are inserted into the slag slope in a vertical direction.
Preferably, the fixing piles are exposed to the slope surface and the height of the exposed slope surface is not higher than 20cm.
It is further preferred that the depth of insertion of the fixing piles into the slag slope is at least 50cm deeper than the depth of the transverse trough.
Preferably, the fixing piles are one or more of wooden piles, bamboo poles and wooden sticks.
Further preferably, the length of the fixing pile is 70-110 cm.
Still more preferably, the diameter of the fixing pile is 2-5 cm.
Preferably, a plurality of fixing piles are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the transverse groove, and the distance between every two adjacent fixing piles is 80-120 cm.
Preferably, above the fixing piles, fixing members are inserted through the carrier exposing the transverse grooves and into the slag slope to fix the carrier to the slag slope. Preferably, the carrier comprises a nonwoven fabric.
Further preferably, the thickness of the nonwoven fabric is 0.5 to 1mm.
Preferably, the depth of the transverse groove is 18-23 cm.
Further preferably, the width of the transverse groove is 18-23 cm.
Further preferably, each transverse slot traverses the ramp.
Further preferably, the interval between two adjacent transverse grooves in the vertical direction is 50-150 cm.
Preferably, the substrate is sprayed to the slope surface at least twice, the thickness of the first spraying is controlled to be 15-18 cm, and the thickness of the second spraying is controlled to be 4-6 cm.
According to some preferred embodiments, the first sprayed matrix comprises, by mass, 95-97% of soil, 0.2-1% of a water-retaining agent, 2-4% of an organic fertilizer, 0.01-0.5% of a soil conditioner and 0.01-0.5% of a soil biological crust.
According to some preferred embodiments, the matrix for the second spray seeding comprises 93-96% of soil, 0.2-1% of water-retaining agent, 2-4% of organic fertilizer, 0.01-0.5% of soil conditioner, 0.01-0.5% of moss, 0.4-0.5% of biological crust of soil and 0.01-1% of seed according to mass percentage.
Further preferably, the spraying is performed in a direction perpendicular to the slope.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
according to the application, the transverse grooves are dug on the slope surface of the slag slope, and the matrixes for plant growth are sprayed in the transverse grooves, so that the risk of erosion and loss of the matrixes by rain water is reduced, a good growth environment is provided for plants, the growth of plant root systems is promoted, and the slope fixing of the root systems is realized;
the method is environment-friendly, green, simple and strong in operability, and is suitable for slope fixing treatment of metallurgical waste slopes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present application for repairing a slag slope using the ecological restoration method for a slag slope in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a slag slope restored by using the ecological restoration method of the slag slope in example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the portion A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the slag slope before the treatment in example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a picture of the slag slope treatment in example 1 of the present application after 1 year;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bonding of nonwoven fabric and stake according to example 2 of the present application;
wherein, 1, a transverse groove; 2. bamboo chips; 3. a wood pile; 4. bamboo sticks; 5. a slope; 6. a substrate; 7. a nonwoven fabric; 8. a hole; 9. felt washers; H. the distance between two adjacent transverse grooves in the vertical direction; h1, the depth of the transverse groove; h2, the difference between the depth of the wood piles inserted into the slag slope and the depth of the transverse grooves; h3, the bamboo chips are higher than the transverse grooves; h4, the height of the wood pile is higher than that of the transverse groove; x1, a first interval; x2, a second interval; x3, third interval; y, width of the transverse groove.
Detailed Description
The application is further described below with reference to examples. The present application is not limited to the following examples. The implementation conditions adopted in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to different requirements of specific use, and the implementation conditions which are not noted are conventional conditions in the industry. The technical features of the various embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The existing slope fixing modes such as net hanging on the slope and cement building on the slope increase the burden of the slope, and the slope fixing modes are loose for the slag slope formed by metallurgical waste residues, so that the risk of slag collapse and sliding is increased undoubtedly.
Based on the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventor obtains the scheme of the application through long-term experiments and a great deal of researches, and the scheme is further described below.
It should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in fig. 1, and are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
An ecological restoration method for a slag slope sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) Digging a transverse groove 1 on the slope surface 5 along the downward direction of the slope top or along the upward direction of the slope bottom, wherein the transverse groove 1 extends along the horizontal direction of the slope surface 5;
(2) A flexible carrier is paved in the transverse groove 1, and the carrier is fixed with the slag slope;
(3) Spraying the substrate 6 to the transverse groove 1, so that the substrate 6 is fully paved in the transverse groove 1;
wherein the slag slope is formed by stacking metallurgical waste residues.
According to the application, the slope 5 is transversely grooved, and the matrix 6 is sprayed in the transverse groove 1, so that the bearing of the slope 5 is reduced, and the risk of slag collapse and sliding is reduced; the matrix 6 sprayed by the application is rich in water and nutrition required by plant growth, can promote the rooting and sprouting of seeds, and can play a role in fixing the slope of root system after the plant root system grows.
According to the application, the depth of the transverse groove 1 is too deep, slag above the transverse groove can be extruded, and the groove is collapsed; the depth of the transverse groove 1 is too shallow, the volume of the transverse groove 1 is too small, and the matrix 6 in the transverse groove 1 is insufficient, so that the growth of plants is not facilitated. The depth of the horizontal groove 1 is preferably 18 to 23cm, and may be, for example, 18cm, 19cm, 20cm, 21cm, 22cm, 23cm, or the like. The width of the transverse groove 1 is 18 to 23cm, and may be, for example, 18cm, 19cm, 20cm, 21cm, 22cm, 23cm, or the like.
Further, each transverse groove 1 crosses the whole slope 5, and the interval between two adjacent transverse grooves 1 in the vertical direction is 50-150 cm, for example, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, 150cm, etc. Of course, a plurality of aligned transverse grooves 1 may be provided in order along the same horizontal direction.
According to the application, the carrier comprises a nonwoven 7. The non-woven fabric 7 is flexible and is attached to the slope 5, has the water absorption and ventilation performances, can separate the substrate 6 from slag, slows down the penetration of water and nutrient substances in the substrate 6 into the slag, thereby effectively reducing the loss of water and nutrient substances and providing a good environment for rooting and sprouting of plant seeds. According to the present application, the carrier is bonded to the wall of the horizontal groove 1 such that both ends of the carrier are exposed to the horizontal groove 1, and both ends of the carrier are exposed to the horizontal groove 1 by about 10 to 30cm, for example, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, or the like.
According to the present application, the manner of fixing the carrier to the slag slope includes pressing the carrier located above and/or below the lateral groove 1 with the fixing piece and exposing the lateral groove 1 and inserting into the slag slope, inserting fixing pieces respectively at the upper and lower sides of the fixing piece, passing the fixing pieces through the carrier and inserting into the slag slope to fix the fixing piece to the slag slope.
Further, the fixing piece is used to press the carrier which is positioned below the transverse groove 1 and exposes the transverse groove 1 and insert into the slag slope.
According to the application, the stator comprises bamboo chips 2 and/or wood chips. The length of the fixing piece is 20 to 50cm, for example, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm, 35cm, 40cm, 45cm, 50cm, etc. The width of the fixing piece is 4 to 10cm, for example, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm, etc. The thickness of the fixing piece is 1 to 2cm, for example, 1cm, 1.5cm, 2cm, etc.
Preferably, the fixing piece is raised above the slope 5 by about 2 to 4cm. By arranging the fixing piece below the transverse groove 1 and enabling the fixing piece to be higher than the slope 5, the spray seeding substrate 6 in the transverse groove 1 can be effectively prevented from falling down.
According to some preferred embodiments, a plurality of fixing sheets are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the transverse groove 1, and the distance between two adjacent fixing sheets is 2-5 cm. The fixing piece comprises one or more of bamboo sticks 4 and wood sticks. The fixing piece is abutted with the fixing piece and used for fixing the carrier and the fixing piece.
Further, the fixing pieces are respectively arranged on the upper side of the fixing piece and the lower side of the fixing piece, and the interval between two adjacent fixing pieces which are arranged on the same side is 30-70 cm, for example, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm and the like.
According to the application, the means for fixing the carrier to the slag slope comprise first laying the carrier in the transverse trough 1 and then inserting the fixing piles through the carrier and into the slag slope at a position close to the upper side wall of the transverse trough 1. By making the fixing piles close to the transverse groove 1, the carrier between the upper side wall of the transverse groove 1 and the fixing piles can be respectively attached to the upper side wall of the transverse groove 1 and the fixing piles, so that the carrier is better fixed on one hand, and the landslide of the slag slope above the transverse groove 1 is prevented on the other hand.
According to the application, the manner in which the carrier is fixed to the slag slope comprises that the upper part of the fixing pile is first bonded to the carrier, and then the fixing pile is inserted into the slag slope at a position close to the upper side wall of the transverse groove 1 and the carrier is laid into the transverse groove 1, and the carrier bonded to the fixing pile is located between the upper side wall of the transverse groove 1 and the fixing pile.
The bonding mode comprises punching holes 8 on the carrier along the transverse direction of the carrier, controlling the diameter of the holes 8 to be 2-5 cm, then enabling the fixing piles to be inserted into the holes 8 along the vertical direction of the carrier, enabling the upper ends of the carrier to be level with the upper ends of the fixing piles, and enabling part of the fixing piles above the holes 8 to be bonded with the carrier. The height of the upper end of the carrier from the hole 8 is larger than the depth of the lateral groove 1, and preferably, the height of the upper end of the carrier from the hole 8=the depth of the lateral groove 1+the height of the carrier exposing the lateral groove 1 may be, for example, 30cm. The length of the fixing piles bonded with the carrier is not more than the depth of the transverse grooves 1, and can be 20cm for example. Preferably, the carrier attached to the upper side wall of the transverse groove 1 is bonded to the anchor pile, while the carrier exposed to the transverse groove 1 is not bonded to the anchor pile, and the height of the carrier exposed to the transverse groove 1 may be, for example, 10cm, so that the carrier exposed to the transverse groove 1 is easily fixed to the slag slope. Through bonding the fixed pile and the carrier in advance, the fixed pile is bundled and rolled up and placed when not needed, and is unfolded and laid when needed, so that a large amount of construction time is saved.
Further, in order to reinforce the hole 8, washers bonded to the carrier are provided in the front-rear direction of the hole 8, respectively, and the washers are preferably felt washers 9. The outer diameter of the gasket is 8-10 cm, and the inner diameter of the gasket is consistent with the diameter of the hole 8.
Preferably, the fixing piles are inserted into the slag slope in a vertical direction.
Further, the fixing piles are exposed to the slope surface 5 and the height of the exposed slope surface 5 is not higher than 20cm, and the depth of the fixing piles inserted into the slag slope is at least 50cm deeper than the depth of the transverse groove 1. When the difference between the insertion depth of the fixing pile and the depth of the lateral groove 1 is less than 50cm, the fixing pile is pressed by slag located at the upper side of the fixing pile to be inclined downward.
According to the application, the fixing piles are wood piles 3 and/or bamboo poles. The length of the fixing piles is 70-110 cm, for example, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm and the like. The diameter of the fixing pile is 2-5 cm, for example, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm and the like can be adopted.
According to some preferred embodiments, a plurality of fixing piles are sequentially arranged along the transverse direction of the transverse groove 1, and the distance between two adjacent fixing piles is 80-120 cm, for example, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm and the like.
According to the application, above the fixing piles, the above-mentioned fixing members are inserted through the carrier exposed to the transverse grooves 1 and into the slag slope to fix the carrier to the slag slope.
According to the application, the substrate 6 is sprayed to the slope 5 at least twice, the thickness of the first spraying is controlled to be 15-18 cm, and the thickness of the second spraying is controlled to be 4-6 cm.
Further, the matrix 6 for the first spraying comprises, by mass, 95-97% of soil, 0.2-1% of a water-retaining agent, 2-4% of an organic fertilizer, 0.01-0.5% of a soil conditioner and 0.01-0.5% of a soil biological crust. According to mass percentage, the matrix 6 for the second spraying comprises 93-96% of soil, 0.2-1% of water-retaining agent, 2-4% of organic fertilizer, 0.01-0.5% of soil conditioner, 0.01-0.5% of moss, 0.4-0.5% of soil biological crust and 0.01-1% of seed.
Preferably, the spraying is performed using a spraying arrangement in a direction perpendicular to the slope 5.
Example 1
Climbing steel vanadium slag yard side slope ecological re-greening project
The project area is located in a climbing steel vanadium factory, is close to a metal sand riverside, is a typical dry heat valley climate, and belongs to a waste slag slope 5 geological environment treatment project, and the project scale is about 2 ten thousand square meters. The original topography before treatment is the flood land of the Jinsha river, and is formed by stacking for many years, and the main slag is hot-melt slag, loose turning slag, slightly dense turning slag and the like. As shown in FIG. 4, the following method is adopted to comprehensively treat the environment in the treatment area.
(1) As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a slope 5 is dug with transverse grooves 1 from top to bottom, each transverse groove 1 extends along the horizontal direction and transversely crosses the slope 5, the width y of each transverse groove 1 is 18-23 cm, the depth H1 of each transverse groove 1 is 18-23 cm, and the distance H between two adjacent transverse grooves 1 in the vertical direction is 1m;
(2) Placing the non-woven fabric 7 into the transverse groove 1 against the side wall of the transverse groove 1, and exposing the two ends of the non-woven fabric 7 to the transverse groove 1 for about 20cm;
(3) A wooden pile 3 with the length of 90cm and the diameter of 3-4 cm is stuck to a non-woven fabric 7 on the upper side wall of a transverse groove 1, penetrates through the non-woven fabric 7 in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane and is inserted into a slag slope, the height h4 of the wooden pile 3, which is exposed out of the slope 5, is not higher than 20cm, and the difference h2 between the depth of the wooden pile 3 inserted into the slag slope and the depth of the transverse groove 1 is 50cm; the bamboo sticks 4 are inserted into the non-woven fabrics 7 exposed above the transverse grooves 1 in the direction perpendicular to the slope 5, so that the non-woven fabrics 7 exposed above the transverse grooves 1 are fixed with the slag slope;
(4) Inserting bamboo sticks 4 to fix non-woven fabrics 7 below the transverse groove 1 in parallel with the direction of the wooden piles 3, transversely inserting bamboo chips 2 with the width of 6cm, the length of 50cm and the thickness of 1.5cm into a slag slope against the bamboo sticks 4, and pressing the non-woven fabrics 7; the height h3 of the bamboo chips 2 higher than the transverse grooves 1 is about 3cm, and the bamboo chips 2 are inserted into the slag slope by sticking the other bamboo sticks 4 to the lower side walls of the bamboo chips 2, so that the bamboo chips 2 are erected between the bamboo sticks 4 at the two sides and do not fall down;
(5) The number of the wood piles 3 is 1 along the transverse direction of the groove at a second interval X2, and X2 is 100cm; 1 bamboo sticks 4 above the wooden piles 3 are arranged at a first interval X1, and X1 is 50cm; 1 bamboo sticks 4 on two sides of the bamboo chip 2 are respectively arranged at intervals of a third interval X3, and X3 is 50cm;
(6) Using spraying equipment to spray for two times in the direction perpendicular to the slope 5, wherein the matrix 6 sprayed for the first time is 96% of soil, 0.3% of water-retaining agent, 3.5% of organic fertilizer, 0.1% of soil modifier and 0.1% of soil biological crust, and the thickness of sprayed for the first time is 15-18 cm; the matrix 6 for the second spray seeding is 96% of soil, 0.3% of water-retaining agent, 3% of organic fertilizer, 0.1% of soil conditioner, 0.05% of moss, 0.45% of biological crust of soil and 0.1% of seeds; seed soaking in advance; the second spraying is performed to the top of the bamboo chips 2 with a thickness of about 4-6 cm.
As shown in figure 5, the plants naturally grow after the treatment, the coverage of the slope surface 5 is more than 90%, the safety and stability of the slag slope are improved, the water and soil conservation is promoted, no landslide and collapse occur about two years after the treatment.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the nonwoven 7 is glued to the stake 3 before being laid into the transverse groove 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing that a part of the non-woven fabric 7 is bonded to the stake 3, and a hole 8 is bored at a distance of about 30cm from the upper end of the non-woven fabric 7 in the lateral direction of the non-woven fabric 7, and the diameter of the hole 8 is 4cm. Felt washers 9 are respectively arranged in the front-rear direction of the hole 8, so that the felt washers 9 are bonded with the non-woven fabrics 7, the outer diameter of the felt washers 9 is 8-10 cm, and the inner diameter of the felt washers 9 is consistent with the diameter of the hole 8. The stake 3 is inserted into the felt washer 9 and the hole 8 in the vertical direction of the non-woven fabric 7, and the upper end of the stake 3 is flush with the upper end of the non-woven fabric 7, so that the stake 3 located above the hole 8 and having a height h1 from the hole 8 is bonded to the non-woven fabric 7.
The non-woven fabrics 7 and the wooden piles 3 are arranged on the slag slope in the following manner:
the wooden piles 3 are vertically inserted into the slag slope at a position close to the upper side wall of the transverse groove 1, the non-woven fabrics 7 bonded with the wooden piles 3 are positioned between the upper side wall of the transverse groove 1 and the wooden piles 3 and respectively bonded with the upper side wall of the transverse groove 1 and the wooden piles 3, the non-woven fabrics 7 are paved into the transverse groove 1, and then the non-woven fabrics 7 exposed out of the transverse groove 1 are fixed with the slag slope in the manner of the embodiment 1.
The present application has been described in detail with the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present application and to implement the same, but not to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The ecological restoration method for the slag slope is characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:
(1) Digging a transverse groove on the slope surface along the downward direction of the slope top or the upward direction of the slope bottom, wherein the transverse groove extends along the horizontal direction of the slope surface;
(2) Paving a flexible carrier in the transverse groove, and fixing the carrier and the slag slope;
(3) Spraying a matrix into the transverse groove to enable the matrix to be fully paved in the transverse groove;
wherein the slag slope is formed by stacking metallurgical waste residues,
the manner of fixing the carrier to the slag slope includes adhering the upper part of the fixing pile to the carrier before inserting the fixing pile into the slag slope at a position near the upper side wall of the transverse groove and spreading the carrier into the transverse groove, or the manner of fixing the carrier to the slag slope includes spreading the carrier into the transverse groove before inserting the fixing pile through the carrier at a position near the upper side wall of the transverse groove and into the slag slope,
the bonding mode comprises the steps of punching holes in the carrier along the transverse direction of the carrier, controlling the diameter of the holes to be 2-5 cm, then enabling the fixing piles to be inserted into the holes along the vertical direction of the carrier, enabling the upper ends of the carrier to be level with the upper ends of the fixing piles, and enabling part of the fixing piles above the holes to be bonded with the carrier.
2. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the manner in which the carrier is fixed to the slag slope includes exposing both ends of the carrier to the lateral groove, pressing the carrier located above and/or below the lateral groove and exposing the lateral groove with a fixing piece and inserting into the slag slope;
fixing pieces are respectively inserted into the upper side and the lower side of the fixing piece, so that the fixing pieces penetrate through the carrier and are inserted into the slag slope to fix the fixing piece and the slag slope.
3. The ecological restoration method of a slag slope according to claim 2, wherein the fixing piece comprises bamboo chips and/or wood chips, the fixing piece is 20-50 cm long, 4-10 cm wide and 1-2 cm thick;
and/or, sequentially arranging a plurality of fixing sheets along the transverse direction of the transverse groove, wherein the distance between two adjacent fixing sheets is 2-5 cm;
and/or, enabling the fixing piece to be 2-4 cm higher than the slope;
and/or the fixing pieces comprise bamboo sticks and/or wood sticks, a plurality of fixing pieces are arranged on the upper side of the fixing piece and the lower side of the fixing piece respectively, and the interval between two adjacent fixing pieces which are arranged on the same side is 30-70 cm;
and/or the fixing piece is abutted with the fixing piece, and the fixing piece is inserted into the slag slope along the vertical direction.
4. The ecological restoration method for a slag slope according to claim 1, wherein washers which are adhered to the carrier and used for reinforcing the hole are respectively arranged in the front-rear direction of the hole, the outer diameter of the washers is 8-10 cm, and the inner diameter of the washers is consistent with the diameter of the hole;
and/or the height of the upper end of the carrier from the hole is greater than the depth of the transverse groove;
and/or the length of the fixing pile which is bonded with the carrier is not higher than the depth of the transverse groove, and the carrier exposed out of the transverse groove is not bonded with the fixing pile.
5. The method of ecological restoration of a slag slope according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the fixing piles are inserted into the slag slope in a vertical direction;
and/or exposing the fixing piles to the slope surface and the height of the exposed slope surface is not higher than 20cm;
and/or inserting the fixing piles into the slag slope to a depth at least 50cm deeper than the depth of the transverse grooves;
and/or the fixing piles are wood piles and/or bamboo poles, the length of each fixing pile is 70-110 cm, and the diameter of each fixing pile is 2-5 cm;
and/or, sequentially arranging a plurality of fixing piles along the transverse direction of the transverse groove, wherein the distance between two adjacent fixing piles is 80-120 cm;
and/or, above the fixing pile, a fixing piece is used to penetrate through the carrier exposing the transverse groove and is inserted into the slag slope so as to fix the carrier and the slag slope.
6. The ecological restoration method for a slag slope according to claim 1, wherein the carrier comprises a non-woven fabric, and the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 0.5-1 mm.
7. The ecological restoration method of the slag slope according to claim 1, wherein the transverse groove is 18-23 cm deep and 18-23 cm wide;
and/or each transverse slot traversing the ramp;
and/or the interval between two adjacent transverse grooves in the vertical direction is 50-150 cm.
8. The ecological restoration method of a slag slope according to claim 1, wherein the number of times of spraying the substrate onto the slope surface is at least two, the thickness of the first spraying is controlled to be 15-18 cm, and the thickness of the second spraying is controlled to be 4-6 cm.
9. The ecological restoration method of the slag slope according to claim 8, wherein the first sprayed matrix comprises, by mass, 95-97% of soil, 0.2-1% of a water-retaining agent, 2-4% of an organic fertilizer, 0.01-0.5% of a soil conditioner and 0.01-0.5% of a soil biological crust;
and/or, according to mass percentage, the matrix for the second spraying comprises 93-96% of soil, 0.2-1% of water-retaining agent, 2-4% of organic fertilizer, 0.01-0.5% of soil conditioner, 0.01-0.5% of moss, 0.4-0.5% of soil biological crust and 0.01-1% of seed.
10. The method for ecologically restoring slag slopes according to claim 8, wherein the spraying is performed in a direction perpendicular to the slopes.
CN202210235493.1A 2022-03-11 2022-03-11 Ecological restoration method for slag slope Active CN114557163B (en)

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JP2001003370A (en) * 1999-06-18 2001-01-09 Shunichi Ueno Spraying slope-frame excavating construction method for slope
KR20090068692A (en) * 2007-12-24 2009-06-29 (주)남영산업 Construction method of vegetation protection structure
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CN113668573A (en) * 2021-08-16 2021-11-19 四川大学 Water and soil co-storage and ecological slope protection method for karst sloping field and stony desertification side slope

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