CN114538995B - Nitrogenous fertilizer synergist, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Nitrogenous fertilizer synergist, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114538995B CN114538995B CN202210100644.2A CN202210100644A CN114538995B CN 114538995 B CN114538995 B CN 114538995B CN 202210100644 A CN202210100644 A CN 202210100644A CN 114538995 B CN114538995 B CN 114538995B
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- acrylamide
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- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 48
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 42
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 40
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 38
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000012747 synergistic agent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000014075 nitrogen utilization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003044 randomized block design Methods 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940090496 Urease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002601 urease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011981 development test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- MKGIQRNAGSSHRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium Chemical compound C1C[N+](C)(C)CCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 MKGIQRNAGSSHRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003275 alpha amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical group C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006860 carbon metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006897 homolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000022558 protein metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
- C05C9/005—Post-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/38—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with wax or resins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and discloses a nitrogen fertilizer synergist, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer synergist consists of, by weight, 15-20 parts of polyaspartic acid, 10-15 parts of 2-methylene succinic anhydride, 5-7.5 parts of acrylamide, 0.2-0.6 part of potassium persulfate and 800-1200 parts of distilled water; the preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist comprises the following steps: the components of the raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight, then dissolved in a reaction kettle, and the mixed solution is fully and uniformly mixed by a constant temperature vibrator to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist. The polyaspartic acid serving as an active ingredient of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist has good ion adsorptivity and biodegradability; after being copolymerized with 2-methylene succinic anhydride and acrylamide, the polymer is wrapped on the surface of fertilizer particles to form a protective film, so that volatilization of nitrogen fertilizer and leaching and runoff loss of the nitrogen fertilizer can be reduced, the effect of slow release of the fertilizer is achieved, growth and development of crops are promoted, and yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a nitrogenous fertilizer synergist, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Currently, nitrogen is an important component of biological macromolecules in plants, such as proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll and some hormones. The various physiological processes of reduction, transportation, metabolism and the like of nitrogen absorbed by crops are coordinated with protein metabolism and carbon metabolism, and the basic process of forming plant vital activities is to properly increase the nitrogen application amount within a certain range, so that the nitrogen utilization rate of the crops can be improved, the photosynthetic capacity of crop leaves can be regulated, the accumulation of photosynthetic substances on the overground parts can be promoted, and the yield and the dry matter accumulation of the crops can be further improved. Urea is the nitrogen fertilizer with the highest nitrogen content, and is suitable for various soils and plants. The method has the advantages that the damage to the soil is small, the method is a chemical nitrogen fertilizer with larger use amount at present, urea is quickly decomposed in the soil and is easy to run off in the soil, and other nitrogen fertilizers are run off in the form of NH 4 +、NO3 -、NH3、N2 O and the like except for being absorbed by crops and being fixed in the soil when the urea applied to the soil is put into the environment, so that the nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency is reduced.
In agricultural production, the blind increase of nitrogen fertilizer is pursued to achieve high yield, so that the nitrogen utilization rate of crops is reduced, resource waste and cost are increased, a series of environmental pollution problems such as soil pollution, exceeding of nitrate nitrogen content in underground water, increase of nitrous oxide emission in the atmosphere, eutrophication of water bodies in rivers and lakes and the like are led to be led, and sustainable development of agriculture and health of human beings are seriously threatened; therefore, measures are taken to improve the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer, and the method has important significance for environmental protection and efficient and safe production of crops.
At present, a plurality of methods for improving the nitrogen utilization rate, reducing the fertilizer loss and controlling the environmental pollution exist, including soil testing and formulated fertilization; reasonably dressing nitrogen fertilizer; organic fertilizer replaces part of chemical fertilizer; accurately fertilizing; the straws are returned to the field, the organic matter content of the soil is increased, the soil structure is changed, and the like, and although the nitrogen utilization rate and the yield can be effectively improved, the defects of urea caused by ammonia volatilization, runoff, leaching and the like are overcome, the labor cost is increased. In order to meet the requirements of low energy consumption, low cost, good effect and the like, the fertilizer value-added technology and the development of the value-added fertilizer are favored by research of novel fertilizers at home and abroad. Such as physically and chemically slowing or controlling the rate of urea dissolution, including resin coated urea, sulfur coated urea, urea formaldehyde fertilizers, etc. (patent 200510026172.7, 200510136749. X); or urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor, etc. are added to inhibit or regulate the urea converting rate chemically, biochemically, etc. The nutrient release speed of the coated fertilizer is easily influenced by external environmental factors, so that the coated fertilizer is difficult to control, the controlled release effect is poor, and the controlled release effect is mainly limited by the coated material; to date, hundreds of compounds have been found to show strong or weak inhibition effects, but the varieties which can be truly used for production practice and are popularized and applied on a large scale are not many, including inhibitors DCD, DMPP, NBPT which are dominant at home and abroad, and the inhibitors have a plurality of defects which are difficult to overcome, including short acting time, large influence by temperature, high pressure increase, easy volatilization, large consumption and high cost, and as patent 202011455959.6, crude procyanidine is taken as a raw material, and a nitrogen fertilizer synergist containing a plant source denitrification inhibitor is prepared by adding a urease inhibitor, a nitrification inhibitor, a nitrogen stabilizer, a carrier and a filler, wherein the adding of the urease inhibitor and the nitrification inhibitor needs complex procedures to ensure the stability of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist; the application cost is increased by adopting a combined synergistic mode, and the synergistic effect is not easy to control, as disclosed in patent 201710594389.0, the nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-fixing efficient biological fertilizer for improving crop yield by using itaconic acid comprises a nitrogen-fixing fertilizer, a phosphorus-fixing fertilizer and a synergistic agent, wherein itaconic acid, maleic anhydride and acetic anhydride are polymerized under the initiation conditions of potassium persulfate and tert-butyl hydroperoxide respectively, the obtained polymer is uniformly mixed with conventional nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, the effects of fixing nitrogen and phosphorus can be better, and meanwhile, the raw materials and the proportion of the synergistic agent are selected so as to complement each other with the nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-fixing fertilizer, and the synergistic agent is matched synergistically, and more nutrient elements such as phosphorus, nitrogen and the like required by crop growth absorption are provided, however, the synergistic agent consists of ferric sulfate, powdered rock phosphate, calcium lignosulfonate and potassium humate, and the nitrogen-fixing fertilizer, the phosphorus-fixing fertilizer and the synergistic agent are sequentially applied before and after fertilization, so that the preparation and the application are complex and the popularization are not easy.
Therefore, the screening and synergistic combination technology of the novel synergistic agent material with high efficiency, low toxicity and stable performance is still a focus of attention of domestic and foreign scientists, and has important agronomic and ecological significance.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows:
(1) By adopting the methods of soil measurement formula fertilization, reasonable nitrogen fertilizer dressing, accurate fertilization, straw returning and the like, the nitrogen utilization rate can be effectively improved, the nitrogen loss can be reduced, but the labor cost can be increased.
(2) The existing coated fertilizer is difficult to control due to the fact that the nutrient release speed is easily influenced by external environment factors, the controlled release effect is poor, and the sustained and controlled release effect is mainly limited by the coated material.
(3) The existing inhibitor has few varieties which can be truly used for production practice and are popularized and applied on a large scale, and has short acting time, large temperature influence, high air pressure increase, easy volatilization, large consumption and high cost, and can not be added into solid fertilizer.
The difficulty of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:
(1) Whether the selected potentiating agent is capable of functioning; whether the performance is stable, whether the effect is easily influenced by the external environment, and whether the effect can be continuously exerted in the growth period of crops; whether safe and environment-friendly.
(2) Whether the selected synergistic agent can be uniformly integrated into the fertilizer or sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer; whether its properties are susceptible to fertilizers.
(3) Whether the selected synergist raw materials are easily available; whether the manufacturing cost is controllable; whether the catalyst is easy to lose in the preparation process.
The meaning of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the labor cost can be saved by the synergistic agent and the fertilizer, but the existing synergistic agent has the problems of easy environmental influence, easy loss, short acting time and the like, so that the stable-performance synergistic agent can be researched and prepared to ensure the continuous acting of the synergistic agent in the growing period of crops; in the preparation process of the synergist, the raw materials of the synergist are prevented from being influenced by fertilizers and a preparation process, so that the preparation cost is effectively saved, and the synergist is easy to popularize and use; meanwhile, the raw materials of the synergist are safe and environment-friendly, so that the synergist is harmless to the environment; in a word, the efficient, safe and stable-performance synergist can effectively improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, reduce the loss of nitrogen, save the agricultural production cost and increase the agricultural production benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of low nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency in the related art, the embodiment of the invention discloses a nitrogen fertilizer synergist, a preparation method and application. The technical scheme is as follows:
The invention is realized in such a way that the nitrogen fertilizer synergist consists of, by weight, 15-20 parts of polyaspartic acid, 10-15 parts of 2-methylene succinic anhydride, 5-7.5 parts of acrylamide, 0.2-0.6 part of potassium persulfate and 800-1200 parts of distilled water.
In one embodiment, the active ingredient of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is polyaspartic acid; the film forming agent of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is 2-methylene succinic anhydride and acrylamide; the initiator of the nitrogenous fertilizer synergist is potassium persulfate.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist, which comprises the following steps of:
Weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts, carrying out dissolution reaction in a reaction kettle, and fully and uniformly mixing the mixed solution through a constant temperature vibrator to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.
Further, the preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist comprises the following steps:
Step one, adding acrylamide, 2-methylene succinic anhydride, distilled water and potassium persulfate into a reaction kettle, stirring for reaction, and preparing an acrylamide and 2-methylene succinic anhydride mixed aqueous solution;
step two, after cooling to room temperature, slowly adding polyaspartic acid into the mixed aqueous solution according to the weight part ratio, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
and thirdly, pouring the mixed solution into a constant temperature vibrator for fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.
In one embodiment, in the first step, acrylamide, 2-methylene succinic anhydride, distilled water and an initiator potassium persulfate are mixed according to a weight portion ratio of 1:2:80:0.1 is added into the reaction kettle.
In one embodiment, the reaction temperature in the first step is controlled to be 30-80 ℃, and the reaction time is 15-20 min.
In one embodiment, in the second step, the weight ratio of the acrylamide to the polyaspartic acid is 0.75:1, slowly adding polyaspartic acid, wherein the adding speed of the polyaspartic acid is 0.1-0.3L/s, the stirring time is 15-20 min, and the stirring temperature is 18-25 ℃.
In one embodiment, the vibration frequency of the constant temperature vibrator in the third step is 300rpm, and the vibration time is 10-20 min.
The invention also aims to provide an application of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist in fertilizer preparation.
In one embodiment, the fertilizer is a nitrogen fertilizer or a compound fertilizer.
In one embodiment, the application method of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist in fertilizer preparation comprises the following steps:
The nitrogen fertilizer synergist solution is added into a nitrogen fertilizer or a compound fertilizer by adopting a high-pressure spraying method during preparation;
Wherein the proportion of the synergist to the fertilizer is 1:30, wherein the spraying pressure is 50-75 MPa, the spraying time is 5-15 min, and the spraying temperature is 10-40 ℃.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the nitrogen fertilizer synergist provided by the invention has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, high cost performance of raw materials and easiness in large-area popularization and use. The active ingredient polyaspartic acid of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist has good ion adsorptivity and biodegradability and can be slowly degraded; after being copolymerized with 2-methylene succinic anhydride and acrylamide, the polymer is wrapped on the surface of fertilizer particles, so that a protective film can be formed, volatilization of nitrogen fertilizer and leaching and runoff loss of the nitrogen fertilizer are reduced, the effect of slow release of the fertilizer is achieved, and crops can fully absorb and utilize nitrogen nutrition in a growth period, so that the purposes of promoting the growth and development of the crops and improving the yield and the fertilizer utilization efficiency are achieved.
The nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the invention is used as a synergist for regulating and controlling the nitrogen conversion of soil, and has the following advantages compared with the prior slow-release fertilizer by being applied with fertilizer:
1. The application effect is good. The invention relates to a preparation method of a nitrogenous fertilizer synergist, which is developed aiming at the problem of low nitrogenous fertilizer utilization efficiency, and solves the problems of volatilization of nitrogenous fertilizer, leaching of nitrogenous fertilizer, runoff loss and the like. The polyaspartic acid serving as an effective component of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is an amino acid polymer, contains a large amount of carboxyl and amide groups, has positive and negative charges, can absorb and enrich elements in soil which are beneficial to plant growth, has a far higher exchange adsorption force on nutrient ions in soil than that of soil particles, can increase the duration of nitrogen in soil, strengthens the absorption of nitrogen by crops, reduces nitrogen loss and increases the fertility of soil. The molecular of the nitrogenous fertilizer synergist film forming agent 2-methylene succinic anhydride contains active functional groups such as carbon-carbon unsaturated double bonds, anhydride groups and the like, and is an important polymerization monomer for producing high polymer materials; the nitrogen fertilizer synergist initiator potassium persulfate is subjected to covalent bond homolysis under the action of heat or light to generate two free radicals, so that polymerization reaction can be initiated, and a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing film forming agents acrylamide and 2-methylene succinic anhydride serving as crosslinking monomers is mixed and crosslinked with polyaspartic acid to coat a fertilizer, so that a protective film is formed outside fertilizer particles, urea is gradually released through slow degradation, and the waste of urea is reduced. The nitrogen loss can be reduced by about 5% -7% in the growing period of field crops such as wheat, corn and the like.
2. The manufacturing process is simple and the use is convenient. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist is polymerized into a film by utilizing the property of the material, a special matched fertilizer processing technology is not needed, and the nitrogen fertilizer synergist solution is added into a nitrogen fertilizer or a compound fertilizer by adopting a high-pressure spraying method to be used for agricultural production. Compared with the method that the polyaspartic acid and the raw materials are mixed and then enter a production system for granulation, the contact area of the polyaspartic acid and the raw materials is reduced, and meanwhile, the influence of factors such as high temperature, damp heat, micro negative pressure and the like in the granulation process on the molecular structure of the polyaspartic acid is avoided.
3. Low cost and low consumption. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist provided by the invention can be used for agricultural production by spraying on the surface of the fertilizer, and the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is small in dosage, replaces other inhibitors, and reduces the cost of the fertilizer.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a preparation method of a nitrogen fertilizer synergist provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph comparing synergistic nitrogen fertilizer (urea) prepared by spraying the synergistic agent of nitrogen fertilizer prepared by the invention on the surface of urea and air drying with common urea.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a nitrogenous fertilizer synergist, a preparation method and application, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Aiming at the problems of low nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency and the like in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a nitrogen fertilizer synergist, which reduces volatilization of nitrogen fertilizer, leaching and runoff loss of the nitrogen fertilizer and plays a role in slow release of the fertilizer.
The nitrogenous fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment of the invention consists of, by weight, 15-20 parts of polyaspartic acid, 10-15 parts of 2-methylene succinic anhydride, 5-7.5 parts of acrylamide, 0.2-0.6 part of potassium persulfate and 800-1200 parts of distilled water.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
S101, adding acrylamide, 2-methylene succinic anhydride, distilled water and initiator potassium persulfate into a reaction kettle, stirring for reaction, and preparing an acrylamide and 2-methylene succinic anhydride mixed aqueous solution;
s102, after cooling to room temperature, slowly adding polyaspartic acid into the mixed aqueous solution according to the weight portion ratio, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
S103, pouring the mixed solution into a constant temperature vibrator for fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.
The nitrogenous fertilizer synergist prepared by the invention can be sprayed on the surface of urea and can be used for production after air drying. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of synergistic nitrogen fertilizer (urea) prepared by spraying the nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the invention on the surface of urea and air drying with ordinary urea. As shown in fig. 2, the synergist forms a protective film on the surface of the urea particles.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The nitrogenous fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
8-10 parts of polyaspartic acid, 12-15 parts of 2-methylene succinic anhydride, 6-7.5 parts of acrylamide, 0.2-0.6 part of potassium persulfate and 800-1200 parts of distilled water.
The preparation method of the nitrogenous fertilizer synergist provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
Acrylamide, 2-methylene succinic anhydride, distilled water and initiator potassium persulfate are mixed according to the weight portion ratio of 1:2:80:0.1 is added into a reaction kettle to be stirred, the temperature is controlled at 30-80 ℃ and the reaction is carried out for 15-20 minutes, thus preparing the acrylamide and 2-methylene succinic anhydride mixed aqueous solution. Cooling to room temperature, and then mixing the acrylamide and the polyaspartic acid according to the weight part ratio of 0.75:1 slowly adding polyaspartic acid, and stirring at normal temperature. Pouring the mixed solution into a constant temperature vibrator for fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the nitrogenous fertilizer synergist solution.
The nitrogen fertilizer synergist prepared according to the raw materials of example 1 is sprayed on the surface of urea to obtain synergistic urea, and the obtained synergistic urea is used for a wheat growth and development test. Setting 3 treatments in the test, namely, controlling the treatments, namely, 50kg/667m 2 of urea without adding a synergistic agent; treatment 1: synergistic urea 50kg/667m 2, adding synergistic agent; treatment 2: the synergistic urea is 37.5kg/667m 2, the synergistic agent is added, wheat is sown in the period of 10 months and 23 days, and the sowing amount of each 667m 2 is 12kg. The trial used an incomplete randomized block design with 10 x 30 = 300m 2 per treatment area and 3 replicates per treatment. In addition, all fertilizers are used as base fertilizers for one-time fertilization, irrigation measures are not adopted in the growing period, and natural precipitation is only relied on. Sampling at intervals of 7d from 0 to 35d after flowering of the wheat, and measuring corresponding indexes.
TABLE 1 morphological indicators of wheat under different treatments
As shown in Table 1, under the condition of using the same amount of urea, the synergist is added to prepare the synergistic urea, so that the morphological index of the wheat is more advantageous, and under the treatment of 75% of urea reduction and the addition of the synergist, the morphological index of the wheat is better than that of the single Shi Niaosu treatment, which indicates that the synergist has a benefit of supplementing nitrogen nutrition in the urea for wheat absorption and utilization.
TABLE 2 accumulation of dry matter on the aerial parts of wheat (g/strain) under different treatments
| Treatment of | Flowering period | Post-flowers 7d | Post-flowers 14d | 21D after flowers | Post-flowers 28d | Post-flowers 35d |
| Control | 24.60 | 29.90 | 33.77 | 36.76 | 43.44 | 48.00 |
| Process 1 | 33.35 | 38.39 | 41.88 | 50.78 | 53.69 | 56.99 |
| Process 2 | 27.17 | 34.23 | 37.54 | 43.45 | 51.22 | 53.33 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the dry matter accumulation amount of the overground parts of the wheat in the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 is greater than that in the control treatment, which shows that the effect of applying the nitrogen fertilizer after adding the synergistic agent is better than that of applying the nitrogen fertilizer singly, and the wheat can still keep higher dry matter accumulation amount under the condition of reducing the nitrogen fertilizer.
TABLE 3 chlorophyll content of wheat flag leaves under different treatments
| Treatment of | Flowering period | Post-flowers 7d | Post-flowers 14d | 21D after flowers | Post-flowers 28d | Post-flowers 35d |
| Control | 58.94 | 57.66 | 55.07 | 48.61 | 33.36 | 48.00 |
| Process 1 | 66.33 | 65.35 | 59.88 | 51.77 | 35.94 | 56.99 |
| Process 2 | 62.47 | 60.89 | 57.70 | 50.22 | 34.23 | 53.33 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the chlorophyll content of the treated wheat flag leaves is greater than that of the single-application nitrogenous fertilizer, which indicates that the synergistic agent can keep the higher chlorophyll content of the wheat and is beneficial to the growth of the wheat.
TABLE 4 influence of different treatments on wheat yield
| Treatment of | Spike number (10 4/667m2) | Spike number (number/spike) | Thousand grain weight (g) | Yield (kg/667 m 2) |
| Control | 39.54 | 33.55 | 38.29 | 507.94 |
| Process 1 | 40.76 | 34.19 | 40.03 | 557.85 |
| Process 2 | 40.11 | 33.69 | 39.75 | 537.14 |
As can be seen from Table 4, the use of the synergistic urea with the addition of the synergistic agent can keep the acre spike number, the spike grain number and the thousand grain weight of the wheat population at higher levels, and the final yield is superior to that of the single-application urea treatment.
In summary, the addition of the synergist is more beneficial to the growth and development of wheat when urea is applied, and can still keep higher yield of wheat under a certain urea decrement condition, so that the synergist can promote the wheat to fully absorb and utilize nitrogen nutrition, reduce nitrogen loss, and has the characteristics of synergism, long-acting property and stability.
Example 2
The nitrogenous fertilizer synergist prepared according to the raw materials of the example 1 is sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer to obtain the synergistic compound fertilizer, and the synergistic compound fertilizer is used for a corn growth and development test, and the test variety is autumn 218. The test was set up with 2 treatments, control (CK) respectively: 50kg/667m 2 of compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=20:15:10), without adding synergist; treatment (T1): 50kg/667m 2 of synergistic compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=20:15:10). The corn is sown in the middle and late ten days of 6 months, 4800 plants are sown per mu, the large row spacing is 80cm, the small row spacing is 50cm, and the plant spacing is 18cm. The trial used an incomplete randomized block design with 0.8 x 130 = 114m 2 per treatment area and 3 replicates per treatment. In addition, all fertilizers are used as base fertilizers for one-time fertilization, no additional fertilization operation is performed in the later period, irrigation measures are not adopted in the corn growth period, and natural precipitation is only relied on.
TABLE 5 effects of different treatments on corn yield
| Treatment of | Spike number (spike/667 m 2) | Spike number (grain/spike) | Hundred weight (g) | Yield (kg/667 m 2) |
| CK | 4759 | 309 | 40.17 | 590.71 |
| T1 | 4775 | 325 | 41.32 | 641.23 |
T1 is higher than CK in terms of spike number, spike number and thousand grain weight. T1 is increased by 8.55% compared with CK.
The technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific experiments.
Test 1
1. Test design
The test set up 3 treatments, control treatments: urea 50kg/667m 2, no synergist; treatment 1: synergistic urea 50kg/667m 2, adding synergistic agent; treatment 2: synergistic urea 37.5kg/667m 2, adding synergistic agent. The trial used an incomplete randomized block design with 10 x30 = 300m 2 per treatment area and 3 replicates per treatment.
Wheat is sown in the period of 10 months and 23 days, and the sowing amount of each 667m 2 is 12kg. All fertilizers are used as base fertilizers for one-time fertilization, irrigation measures are not adopted during the growth period, and natural precipitation is only relied on.
2. Measurement item and method
1. Morphology index of wheat: taking 10 x 3 wheat fresh samples after flowering, and measuring the plant height and the number of main stem leaves after flowering; samples of 10×3 wheat plants were taken after maturation and the ear length and the subnatal internode length were determined.
2. Overground dry matter accumulation amount: taking fresh samples of the upper part of the wheat at intervals of 7d within 0-35 d after flowering, deactivating enzyme, drying and weighing the fresh samples.
3. Chlorophyll content of wheat leaf: and (3) during 9 to 11 am of sunny and windy days, randomly selecting wheat main stem functional leaf flag leaves at intervals of 7d after flowering of the field wheat to measure chlorophyll content, and measuring for multiple times by using a SPAD-502 (produced in Japan) portable chlorophyll meter to obtain an average value.
4. Wheat yield: the whole wheat plants of 1m 2 selected in each treatment subarea are respectively repeated for 3 times, the spike forming number is checked, and the hectare spike number is calculated. Threshing after natural air drying, checking seed to determine the number of spike grains and thousand grain weight, and calculating yield
3. Results and analysis
TABLE 6 morphological indicators of wheat under different treatments
TABLE 7 accumulation of dry matter on the aerial parts of wheat (g/strain) under different treatments
TABLE 8 chlorophyll content of wheat flag leaves under different treatments
TABLE 9 influence of different treatments on wheat yield
The test results are shown in tables 6-9, and the wheat morphological indexes are shown as treatment 1 and treatment 2 being superior to the control; the above ground dry matter accumulation, leaf chlorophyll content and yield were expressed as treatment 1> treatment 2> control. Namely, under the condition of using the same amount of urea, the synergistic agent is added to prepare synergistic urea for application, the growth vigor of wheat is more advantageous, and under the treatment of 75% of urea reduction and the addition of the synergistic agent, each index performance of the wheat is better than that of single-application urea treatment.
4. Conclusion(s)
From the analysis, urea is matched with the synergist to facilitate the absorption of nitrogen by wheat, so that the growth of the wheat is promoted and the yield is increased; and under the condition of urea decrement, the growth vigor and the final yield of the wheat can still be maintained at a higher level.
Test 2
1. Test design
The corn variety tested was qiu le 218. The test was set up with 2 treatments, control (CK) respectively: 50kg/667m 2 of compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=20:15:10), without adding synergist; treatment (T1): 50kg/667m 2 of synergistic compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=20:15:10).
The corn is sown in the middle and late ten days of 6 months, 4800 plants are sown per mu, the large row spacing is 80cm, the small row spacing is 50cm, and the plant spacing is 18cm. The trial used an incomplete randomized block design with 0.8 x 130 = 114m 2 per treatment area and 3 replicates per treatment. In addition, all fertilizers are used as base fertilizers for one-time fertilization, no additional fertilization operation is performed in the later period, irrigation measures are not adopted in the corn growth period, and natural precipitation is only relied on.
2. Measurement item and method
The whole plants of 3m 2 selected in each treatment sub-district are respectively repeated for 3 times, the spike forming number is checked, and the hectare spike number is calculated. Threshing after natural air drying, checking seed to determine the number of spike grains and thousand grain weight, and calculating the yield.
3. Results and analysis
TABLE 10 effects of different treatments on corn yield
The test results are shown in Table 10, T1 is higher than CK in the aspects of spike number, spike number and thousand grain weight, and the yield of T1 is increased by 8.55% compared with CK.
4. Conclusion(s)
The synergist is matched with urea, so that the corn is favorable for absorbing and utilizing nitrogen, the growth and development of the corn are promoted, and the corn yield is increased.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step one, adding acrylamide, 2-methylene succinic anhydride, distilled water and potassium persulfate into a reaction kettle, stirring for reaction, and preparing an acrylamide and 2-methylene succinic anhydride mixed aqueous solution;
step two, after cooling to room temperature, slowly adding polyaspartic acid into the mixed aqueous solution according to the weight part ratio, and stirring at normal temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
pouring the mixed solution into a constant temperature vibrator for fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a nitrogenous fertilizer synergist;
The reaction temperature in the first step is controlled to be 30-80 ℃ and the reaction time is 15-20 min;
In the first step, acrylamide, 2-methylene succinic anhydride, distilled water and potassium persulfate are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:2:80:0.1, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle;
In the second step, the weight part ratio of the acrylamide to the polyaspartic acid is 0.75:1 slowly adding polyaspartic acid, wherein the adding speed of the polyaspartic acid is 0.1-0.3L/s, the stirring time is 15-20 min, and the stirring temperature is 18-25 ℃;
the vibration frequency of the constant temperature vibrator in the step three is 300rpm, and the vibration time is 10-20 min;
the effective component of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is polyaspartic acid;
The film forming agent of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is 2-methylene succinic anhydride and acrylamide;
The initiator of the nitrogenous fertilizer synergist is potassium persulfate.
2. The use of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist prepared by the preparation method according to claim 1 in preparation of a fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer is a nitrogen fertilizer or a compound fertilizer, and the use is to add a nitrogen fertilizer synergist solution into the nitrogen fertilizer or the compound fertilizer by adopting a spraying method during preparation; wherein, the proportion of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist to the nitrogen fertilizer or the compound fertilizer is 1:30, the spraying pressure is 50-75 MPa, the spraying time is 5-15 min, and the spraying temperature is 10-40 ℃.
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