CN107021800A - Compound fertilizer, preparation method and applications - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer, preparation method and applications Download PDFInfo
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- CN107021800A CN107021800A CN201710350019.2A CN201710350019A CN107021800A CN 107021800 A CN107021800 A CN 107021800A CN 201710350019 A CN201710350019 A CN 201710350019A CN 107021800 A CN107021800 A CN 107021800A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of compound fertilizer, preparation method and applications, it is related to technical field of fertilizers, the compound fertilizer is mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight:0~0.8 part of 80~500 parts of basic nutrition fertilizer, 0.05~0.5 part of γ polyglutamic acids, 0~1.5 part of biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial;Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 10~30:3~8.The present invention is alleviated largely causes the problem of utilization rate decline and environmental pollution using chemical fertilizer, compound fertilizer of the present invention passes through the mutual cooperation between nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, γ polyglutamic acids and optional biology enzyme, optional carbon nanomaterial, reach the purpose that quick-acting, long-acting, synergy, water conservation are combined, with promotion plant growth, increasing yield and improving quality, strengthens the effect of crop disease-resistant ability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a kind of compound fertilizer, preparation method and applications.
Background technology
Compound fertilizer refers to the chemical fertilizer containing two or more nutrient, compound fertilizer have nutrient content it is high,
Accessory ingredient is few and the advantages of good physical behavior, for balance fertilizing, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, promoting the stable high yield of crop has
Highly important effect.
China's chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is relatively low, when the utilization rate of quaternary nitrogen is only 30%-35%, the utilization rate 10%-25% of phosphorus, potassium
Utilization rate 35%-50%, therefore the comprehensive average low 15%-20% in more developed country, only nitrogenous fertilizer is just lost up to 9,000,000 tons every year
Left and right.Determined according to the national chemical fertilizer net of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, -2002 years nineteen fifty-twos, the chemical fertilizer return rate of China is dropped to by 1.33
1.1, also declined every year with 0.34% speed.
Common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, and nutrient formula is unreasonable, nutrient supply not science, more unbalanced, special nitrogenous fertilizer contradiction
More protrude.Current chemical fertilizer quickly dissolves the contradiction with crop slow-absorbing, causes substantial amounts of nutrient to be waved with water leaching loss, conversion
Hair and physics and chemistry are fixed, and are caused the waste of fertilizer, are limited the performance of fertilizer efficiency.Meanwhile, it is a large amount of also to be caused using chemical fertilizer under utilization rate
The problem of drop and environmental pollution.
Global dry farming ground area is larger, and dry farming is mainly manifested in natural precipitation and plant growth moisture by drought impact
Demand is not in tune, thus, how to promote soil to retain more rainwater for plant " i.e. need to i.e. with " is mainly asking for nonirrigated farmland water conservation
Topic, water-loss reducer is important water-absorbing-retaining chemicals, and existing for many years in agriculture and forestry application, still, water-loss reducer is difficult to fill with fertilizer
Tap is touched, and it receives moisture to receive limitation with fertilizer useful effect, and influence fertilizer efficiency is played.
In view of this, it is special to propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound fertilizer, by adding gamma-polyglutamic acid, can be increased with water conservation
Effect, increasing yield and improving quality, and cooperated with biology enzyme, carbon nanomaterial composition, beneficiating ingredient is fully sustained, improve fertilizer utilization
Rate, promotes crop yield to increase income, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the compound fertilizer, and method saves labor, it is easy to
Operation.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of described compound fertilizer in soil application.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy uses following technical scheme:
A kind of compound fertilizer, is mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight:80~500 parts of basic nutrition fertilizer, γ-poly-
0~0.8 part of 0.05~0.5 part of glutamic acid, 0~1.5 part of biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial;
Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 10~30:3~8.
Preferably, on the basis of the technical scheme that the present invention is provided, above-mentioned compound fertilizer is main by following parts by weight
Raw material is prepared:100~300 parts of basic nutrition fertilizer, 0.05~0.2 part of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.1~1.5 part of biology enzyme and carbon
0.2~0.8 part of nano material;
Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 18~22:4~6.
Preferably, on the basis of the technical scheme that the present invention is provided, above-mentioned compound fertilizer is main by following parts by weight
Raw material is prepared:100~200 parts of basic nutrition fertilizer, 0.05~0.1 part of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.1~0.6 part of biology enzyme and carbon
0.3~0.6 part of nano material;
Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 4:1.
Preferably, on the basis of the technical scheme that the present invention is provided, the gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid water
Gel.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme that the present invention is provided, the compound fertilizer also includes:Fertilizer synergist,
Fertilizer synergist is the 3~6% of the fertile weight of basic nutrition;
The fertilizer synergist includes urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor, wherein urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor
Weight ratio is 1:(1~3).
Preferably, on the basis of the technical scheme that the present invention is provided, the fertilizer synergist also includes:Complex rare-earth and
Zeolite powder;
Urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor, the weight ratio of complex rare-earth and zeolite powder are 1:2:0.2:80.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme that the present invention is provided, the basic nutrition fertilizer also includes middle trace element;
Middle trace element is the 0.5~2% of the fertile weight of basic nutrition.
Preferably, on the basis of the technical scheme that the present invention is provided, above-mentioned compound fertilizer is main by following parts by weight
Raw material is prepared:30 parts of urea, 60 parts of ammonium chloride, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 1 part of zinc chloride, 0.1 part of gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel,
0.2 part of cellulase, 0.4 part of amylase, 0.4 part of dextranase, 0.5 part of carbon nanomaterial, 0.06 part of urease inhibitor, nitrification
4.8 parts of 0.12 part of inhibitor, 0.012 part of complex rare-earth and zeolite powder.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned compound fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
Each raw material weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight is well mixed, compound fertilizer is obtained.
A kind of above-mentioned compound fertilizer is in the plantation of paddy rice, corn, myotonin, eucalyptus, mulberry tree, rape or sugarcane crop
Using.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
(1) contain gamma-polyglutamic acid in compound fertilizer of the present invention, there is absorption to chelate and inhale to nutrient and store function, make fertilizer
It is sustained, gamma-polyglutamic acid has a large amount of hydrophilic radicals in addition, its water conservation water storage function is assigned, while adsorption moisture
The part Nutrient absorption that can also fertilizer be discharged, is discharged again until crop needs, reach nutrient it is secondary sustained release,
The effect steadily discharged, improves the utilization rate of nutrient and moisture;
(2) compound fertilizer of the present invention is by the mutual cooperation between nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid, according to crop demand
Balance fertilizing, reaches the purpose that quick-acting, long-acting, synergy, water conservation are combined, and improves utilization rate of fertilizer, solves a large amount of useizations
Fertilizer causes the problem of utilization rate decline and environmental pollution, and with plant growth is promoted, increasing yield and improving quality strengthens crop disease-resistant ability
Effect;
(3) total nutrient content >=27% of compound fertilizer of the present invention, fertilizer efficiency period is up to more than 120 days, plant recovery of nutrient ratio
Common fertilizer improves 40% or so, and field crop of all growth periods at 120 days or so can make administration of disposably topdressing, exempt from secondary
Topdress.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.It is unreceipted specific in embodiment
Condition person, the condition advised according to normal condition or manufacturer is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
According to the first aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of compound fertilizer, mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight
Obtain:80~500 parts of basic nutrition fertilizer, 0.05~0.5 part of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0~1.5 part of biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial 0~
0.8 part;Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 10~30:3~8.
Basic nutrition fertilizer refers to basic in the fertilizer containing two or more N, P, K main nutrient elements, the present invention
Nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, N:K2O weight ratio is 10~30:3~8.
Nitrogenous fertilizer can derive from any one or a few in urea, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride, but be not limited to
Above-mentioned nitrogenous fertilizer, preferably urea.Potash fertilizer can derive from any one or a few in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate, but not office
It is limited to above-mentioned potash fertilizer, preferably potassium chloride or potassium sulfate.
The typical but non-limiting content of basic nutrition fertilizer is, for example, 80 parts by weight, 90 parts by weight, 100 parts by weight, 110 weights
Measure part, 120 parts by weight, 130 parts by weight, 140 parts by weight, 150 parts by weight, 160 parts by weight, 170 parts by weight, 180 parts by weight,
190 parts by weight, 200 parts by weight, 210 parts by weight, 220 parts by weight, 230 parts by weight, 240 parts by weight, 250 parts by weight, 260 weight
Part, 270 parts by weight, 280 parts by weight, 290 parts by weight, 300 parts by weight, 310 parts by weight, 320 parts by weight, 330 parts by weight, 340
Parts by weight, 350 parts by weight, 360 parts by weight, 370 parts by weight, 380 parts by weight, 390 parts by weight, 400 parts by weight, 410 parts by weight,
420 parts by weight, 420 parts by weight, 430 parts by weight, 440 parts by weight, 450 parts by weight, 460 parts by weight, 470 parts by weight, 480 weight
Part, 490 parts by weight or 500 parts by weight.
N:K2The typical but non-limiting weight ratios of O are 5:4、2:1、3:1、4:1、5:1、6:1、7:1、8:1、9:1 or 10:
1。
Nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer provide necessary nutrient for plant growth.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid (English poly- γ-glutamic acid, abbreviation PGA) is by D types glutamic acid (D-Glu) and L-type
The high molecular polymer that glutamic acid (L-Glu) is formed by alpha-amido and γ-carboxyl in peptide bond form, is microorganism in nature
Ferment the water-soluble polyamino acid produced, and mean molecule quantity is between 100kDa to 10000kDa.
Preferably, the gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid sterling, gamma-polyglutamic acid salt sterling, includes γ-poly- paddy
Fermentation culture medium, gamma-polyglutamic acid solution or the wettable powder containing gamma-polyglutamic acid of propylhomoserin.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid salt sterling, the fermentation culture medium comprising gamma-polyglutamic acid, gamma-polyglutamic acid solution contain
The consumption of the wettable powder of gamma-polyglutamic acid is in terms of gamma-polyglutamic acid contained therein.
Poly-gamma-glutamic acid salt is sodium salt, sylvite, ammonium salt or its salt-mixture of poly-gamma-glutamic acid;Can also be poly- γ-
Calcium salt, the magnesium salts of the alkali salt of glutamic acid, such as poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
It is further preferred that the gamma-polyglutamic acid is the wettable powder containing gamma-polyglutamic acid.
The typical but non-limiting content of gamma-polyglutamic acid be, for example, 0.05 parts by weight, 0.1 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight,
0.3 parts by weight, 0.4 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.7 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 0.9 parts by weight, 1 weight
Part, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight or 5 parts by weight.
By adding ingredient gamma-polyglutamic acid, it has slow releasing function to nutrient, during stop during extension fertilizer application
Between, it also has water conservation water storage function, can increase absorption of the crops to nutrition, the fertile synergy of section, increasing yield and improving quality, hence it is evident that raisingization
Fertile utilization rate, itself is biodegradable, environmentally safe.
Biology enzyme is the organic matter with catalytic action produced by living cells, and most of is protein, the kind of biology enzyme
Class has protease, cellulase or amylase etc., and biology enzyme can be selected from one or more therein.
The typical but non-limiting content of biology enzyme is, for example, 0 parts by weight, 0.1 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight, 0.3 weight
Part, 0.4 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.7 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 0.9 parts by weight, 1 parts by weight, 1.1 weights
Measure part, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight or 1.5 parts by weight.
Biology enzyme belongs to biological products, by using biology enzyme, can further improve utilization rate of fertilizer, and produce are made in raising
Amount, reduces pest and disease damage.
Carbon nanomaterial refers to the dispersed phase yardstick at least one-dimensional carbon material less than 100nm, and dispersed phase both can be former by carbon
Son composition, can also be made up of, it might even be possible to be nano-pore xenogenesis atom (non-carbon).Nano-carbon material mainly includes three kinds
Type:CNT, carbon nano-fiber, nano carbon microsphere.
Preferably, the granularity of carbon nanomaterial is in the range of 5~100nm.
The typical but non-limiting content of carbon nanomaterial is, for example, 0 parts by weight, 0.1 parts by weight, 0.2 parts by weight, 0.3 weight
Measure part, 0.4 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.7 parts by weight or 0.8 parts by weight.
Carbon nanomaterial by using small yardstick, high surface energy activity can strengthen absorption of the crop to fertilizer, improve fertilizer
Expect utilization rate, reduce nutrient loss;Meanwhile, biology enzyme coordinates nano material to use, and can both ensure enzyme molecule and nano material
Absorption, action time of the biology enzyme in soil is added again, the utilization rate of fertilizer is further increased.
Compound fertilizer of the present invention passes through nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid and optional biology enzyme, optional carbon nanometer
Mutual cooperation between material, reaches the purpose that quick-acting, long-acting, synergy, water conservation are combined, and compound fertilizer of the invention can expire
Sufficient plant growth needs, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, and solving a large amount of causes that utilization rate declines and environmental pollution is asked using chemical fertilizer
Topic, with plant growth is promoted, increasing yield and improving quality strengthens the effect of crop disease-resistant ability.
" mainly by " of the present invention, it is intended that it can also include other components, these other groups in addition to the component
Part assigns the compound fertilizer different characteristics.In addition, " mainly by " of the present invention, may be replaced by closed
" being " or " by ... constitute ".
In a preferred embodiment, compound fertilizer is mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight:Basic battalion
Fat up 100~300 parts, 0.05~0.2 part of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.2~0.8 part of 0.1~1.5 part of biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial;
Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 18~22:4~6.
In a preferred embodiment, compound fertilizer is mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight:Basic battalion
Fat up 100~200 parts, 0.05~0.1 part of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.3~0.6 part of 0.1~0.6 part of biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial;
Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 4:1.
By further optimizing the proportion relation of each component, while biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial, which are added, can enter one
Step improves utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces nutrient loss, further improves the effect of compound fertilizer.
In a preferred embodiment, gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel.
Gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel is to utilize gamma-polyglutamic acid to be primary raw material, is cross-linked to form in the presence of crosslinking agent
The gel with tridimensional network.Up to the present, mainly there are two kinds of methods for preparing crosslinking gamma-polyglutamic acid, first
Plant using glycidol ether as crosslinking agent, gamma-polyglutamic acid can form stable, with tridimensional network gel, the
Two kinds of methods can be cross-linked to form stable water using water-soluble carbodiimide as crosslinking agent, gamma-polyglutamic acid and gelatin
Gel.
Gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel can use commercially available prod or voluntarily prepare.
Preferably, gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel is prepared according to patent CN104109375B method.
Specific method is:Existed by the mixture and activated silica diatomaceous earth of gamma-polyglutamic acid or gamma-polyglutamic acid sodium or both
It is crosslinked in the presence of crosslinking agent and the crosslinking gamma-polyglutamic acid with tridimensional network is made:
The wherein preparation method of activated silica diatomaceous earth:
(1) take 10-20g diatomite to be placed in beaker, add 50-200mL 0.1-1mol/L NaOH solution, be placed in magnetic
Power agitator stirs 2-4h, centrifuges 5min in centrifuge with rotating speed 5000rpm afterwards, collects lower floor's diatomite;
(2) 100-500mL distilled water immersion 10-30min are added in the lower floor's diatomite being collected into, for removing residual
NaOH, again 5000rpm rotating speed centrifugation 5min, lower floor diatomite is collected again;
(3) 100-200mL methanol, magnetic agitation 10-30min, 5000rpm are added in the lower floor's diatomite collected again
Centrifuge 5min and collect lower floor's diatomite;
(4) APTES that 100-200mL volume ratios are 10% is added in the diatomite of gained
Solution, in magnetic stirring apparatus, at 40 DEG C of temperature, magnetic agitation 20min, then 5min is centrifuged with rotating speed 5000rpm, collect lower floor
Activated silica diatomaceous earth;
(5) the addition 100-200mL methanol in the lower floor's activated silica diatomaceous earth being collected into, magnetic agitation 10-30min,
5000rpm centrifugations 5min collects lower floor's activated silica diatomaceous earth, 50 DEG C of dry 30-90min again.
In order to further enhance gamma-polyglutamic acid effect, by the way that gamma-polyglutamic acid is prepared into crosslinking gamma-polyglutamic acid,
The hydrogel with fine and close tridimensional network is formed, with extremely strong water imbibition and water-retaining property, moisture can be effectively prevented
It is lost in, and crop yield can be significantly improved.
In a preferred embodiment, compound fertilizer also includes:Fertilizer synergist, fertilizer synergist is basic nutrition
The 3~6% of fertile weight;Fertilizer synergist includes urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor, and wherein urease inhibitor and nitrification suppresses
The weight ratio of agent is 1:(1~3).
Fertilizer synergist is that the typical but non-limiting percentage by weight of basic nutrition fertilizer is 3%, 4%, 5% or 6%;Urea
Enzyme inhibitor and the typical but non-limiting weight ratio of nitrification inhibitor are 1:1、1:2 or 1:3.
Fertilizer synergist is exactly the class product for improving chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, refers to improve fertilizer efficiency, reduces fixed, volatilization, drenches
Mistake, runoff, improve fertilizer efficiency effect and nutrient contribution rate, and beneficial to sorption enhanced, extension fertilizer efficiency period, improvement or rehabilitating soil are adjusted
Fertilizer provision from soil fertilizer-preserving ability, improves the class fertilizer auxiliary product of crop quality.
Fertilizer synergist includes urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor.Urease inhibitor is that have suppression to soil urease liveness
The compound of effect or the general name of element, the main major class of organic/inorganic substance and organic matter two, organic compound include p-aminophenyl sulphur
Acid amides, phenols, quinone and substitution quinones, amides compound and its conversion product etc., by suppressing the activity of soil urease, urea point
What is solved slows, so as to reduce the invalid degraded of urea.
Urease inhibitor typical case but without limitation selected from ring ethylphosphoric acid triamide, thiophosphoryl triamide, phosphoric triamide,
One or more in benzoquinones, quinhydrones, catechol or humic acid.
Nitrification inhibitor is also known as nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, is the class organic compound poisonous to nitrobacteria, adds ammonium nitrogen
To suppress the nitrification of nitrite bacteria in soil to ammonium nitrogen in fertilizer, so as to reduce ammonium nitrogen to be converted into nitrate nitrogen and be lost in used
Additive.
Nitrification inhibitor typical case but without limitation selected from dicyandiamide, bicyclohexylamine, 2-diethylaminoethanol, benzene acetonitrile,
Glycerol triacetate, nitroaniline, 2- chloropyridines, 3- acetyl replace one in chloroaniline, N-Nitrosodimethylamine or sulphathiazole
Plant or several.
By applying urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor simultaneously, it is controlled in the early stage application urease inhibitor of fertilising
Release, thus solve the high nitrogen burn seedlings of single fertilization early stage and lose it is big the problem of, using nitrification inhibitor control nitrification with
Denitrification is so as to control the loss of middle and later periods nitrogen, and the release and plant growth for making nitrogen in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer have reached harmonious, extension
Fertilizer efficiency period, further improves utilization rate of fertilizer.
As a further preferred embodiment, fertilizer synergist also includes:Complex rare-earth and zeolite powder;Urease inhibitor, nitrification
The weight ratio of inhibitor, complex rare-earth and zeolite powder is 1:2:0.2:80.
Using zeolite as stabilizer, the features such as zeolite powder has big, lightweight porous, surface area, high adsorption capacity passes through
The fertilizer synergist of several specific proportionings is used cooperatively, and can greatly be played fertilizer synergist extension fertilizer efficiency period, be improved fertilizer
The effect of utilization rate.
In a preferred embodiment, basic nutrition fertilizer also includes middle trace element;Middle trace element is basic battalion
Fat up the 0.5~2% of weight.
Middle trace element be the typical but non-limiting percentage by weight of basic nutrition fertilizer be 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% or
2%.
Moderate-element refers to the elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, sulphur.
Moderate-element is typical but is selected from sodium metasilicate, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid without limitation
One or more in potassium.
Trace element refers to the elements such as copper, iron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, boron, chlorine, nickel.
Micro- typical case but without limitation selected from ferrous sulfate, iron ammonium sulfate, ferrous ammonium phosphate, chelated ferrous iron,
Zinc sulfate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, Chelating state zinc, manganese sulfate, Chelating state manganese, copper sulphate, copper chloride, Chelating state copper, borax, boron
One or more in acid, sodium tetraborate, ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate.
Middle micro- addition can contain a variety of middle micro- middle trace mineral supplements using commercially available, also may be used
Voluntarily to be prepared containing middle micro- compound using above-mentioned.
Growth, development and breeding of the middle trace element to plant play an important roll, and trace element in lacking in soil is mended
Crop nutrition can not only be adjusted by filling appropriate middle trace element, while the resistance against diseases of crop can be further enhanced.
In a preferred embodiment, a kind of typical compound fertilizer, is mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight
Obtain:30 parts of urea, 60 parts of ammonium chloride, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 1 part of zinc chloride, 0.1 part of gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel, cellulase
0.2 part, 0.4 part of amylase, 0.4 part of dextranase, 0.5 part of carbon nanomaterial, 0.06 part of urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor
4.8 parts of 0.12 part, 0.012 part of complex rare-earth and zeolite powder.
According to the second aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned compound fertilizer, comprise the following steps:
Each raw material weighed by above-mentioned parts by weight is well mixed, compound fertilizer is obtained.
Specifically, by the basic nutrition fertilizer of formula ratio, gamma-polyglutamic acid, optional biology enzyme, optional carbon nanometer material
Expect, optional fertilizer synergist and optional middle trace element are mixed, through extruder grain, screening and packaging, produce compound
Fertilizer.
Solid or liquid dosage form can be made in compound fertilizer as needed.
The preparation technology of the compound fertilizer is simple, method saves labor, it is easy to operate.
According to the third aspect of the present invention there is provided a kind of above-mentioned compound fertilizer in paddy rice, corn, myotonin, eucalyptus
Application in tree, mulberry tree, rape or sugarcane crop plantation.
In order to further appreciate that the present invention, with reference to specific embodiment to the present invention component, method and effect do into
One step is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
By the basic nutrition fertilizer of 100 parts by weight, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.5 parts by weight, the cellulase of 0.1 parts by weight and
The carbon nanomaterial of 0.8 parts by weight is mixed, and through extruder grain, screening, obtains compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:30 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea), chlorine
Change 60 parts of ammonium (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 10 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 2
By the basic nutrition fertilizer of 500 parts by weight, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.05 parts by weight, the amylase of 1.5 parts by weight and
The carbon nanomaterial of 0.1 parts by weight is mixed, and through extruder grain, screening, obtains compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:200 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea),
200 parts of ammonium chloride (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 100 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 3
By basic nutrition fertilizer, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.3 parts by weight, the dextranase of 1 parts by weight and 0.5 of 200 parts by weight
The carbon nanomaterial of parts by weight is mixed, and through extruder grain, screening, obtains compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:80 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea), chlorine
Change 70 parts of ammonium (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 50 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 4
By the basic nutrition fertilizer of 300 parts by weight, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.1 parts by weight, the cellulase of 0.6 parts by weight,
The amylase of 0.6 parts by weight and the carbon nanomaterial of 0.4 parts by weight are mixed, and through extruder grain, screening, obtain composite fertilizer
Material.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:100 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea),
150 parts of ammonium chloride (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 50 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 5
By the basic nutrition fertilizer of 400 parts by weight, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.2 parts by weight, the cellulase of 0.2 parts by weight,
The carbon nanomaterial of the amylase of 0.3 parts by weight, the dextranase of 0.1 parts by weight and 0.2 parts by weight is mixed, and is made through extruding
Grain, screening, obtain compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:200 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea),
100 parts of ammonium chloride (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 100 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 6
The cellulase of the basic nutrition fertilizer, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.5 parts by weight and 0.1 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight is mixed
Stirring is closed, through extruder grain, screening, compound fertilizer is obtained.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:30 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea), chlorine
Change 60 parts of ammonium (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 10 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 7
By the carbon nanomaterial of the basic nutrition fertilizer, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.5 parts by weight and 0.8 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight
Mix, through extruder grain, screening, obtain compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:30 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea), chlorine
Change 60 parts of ammonium (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 10 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 8
The gamma-polyglutamic acid of the basic nutrition fertilizer of 100 parts by weight and 0.5 parts by weight is mixed, through extruder grain, sieve
Point, obtain compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:30 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea), chlorine
Change 60 parts of ammonium (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 10 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 9
By the basic nutrition fertilizer of 500 parts by weight, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.05 parts by weight, the amylase of 1.5 parts by weight and
The carbon nanomaterial of 0.1 parts by weight is mixed, and through extruder grain, screening, obtains compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:200 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea),
200 parts of ammonium chloride (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 100 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel, is prepared according to patent CN104109375B method.
Embodiment 10
By the basic nutrition fertilizer of 200 parts by weight, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.3 parts by weight, the dextranase of 1 parts by weight, 0.5
The nitrification inhibitor of the carbon nanomaterial of parts by weight, the urease inhibitor of 2 parts by weight and 4 parts by weight is mixed, and is made through extruding
Grain, screening, obtain compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:80 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea), chlorine
Change 70 parts of ammonium (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 50 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Urease inhibitor is catechol;Nitrification inhibitor is glycerol triacetate.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 11
By the basic nutrition fertilizer of 300 parts by weight, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.1 parts by weight, the cellulase of 0.6 parts by weight,
The amylase of 0.6 parts by weight, the carbon nanomaterial of 0.4 parts by weight, the urease inhibitor of 0.2 parts by weight, the nitrification of 0.4 parts by weight
The zeolite powder of inhibitor, the complex rare-earth of 0.04 parts by weight and 16 parts by weight is mixed, and through extruder grain, screening, is answered
Expect in Hefei.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:100 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea),
150 parts of ammonium chloride (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 50 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Urease inhibitor is benzoquinones;Nitrification inhibitor is dicyandiamide.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Embodiment 12
By the basic nutrition fertilizer of 400 parts by weight, the gamma-polyglutamic acid of 0.2 parts by weight, the cellulase of 0.2 parts by weight,
The carbon nanomaterial of the amylase of 0.3 parts by weight, the dextranase of 0.1 parts by weight and 0.2 parts by weight is mixed, and is made through extruding
Grain, screening, obtain compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:200 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea),
100 parts of ammonium chloride (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 100 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%), zinc chloride 5
Part (Zn-ef ficiency content 46% in zinc chloride).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Comparative example 1
By the ammonium chloride of the urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea) of 30 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, (nitrogen is first in ammonium chloride
Cellulose content 26%) and 10 parts by weight potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%) mix, through extruder grain, screening, obtain
To compound fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
The gamma-polyglutamic acid of the basic nutrition fertilizer of 50 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight is mixed, through extruder grain, screening,
Obtain compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:15 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea), chlorine
Change 30 parts of ammonium (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 5 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Comparative example 3
The gamma-polyglutamic acid of the basic nutritions of 600 parts by weight fertilizer and 0.01 parts by weight is mixed, through extruder grain,
Screening, obtains compound fertilizer.
Wherein, basic nutrition fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight:180 parts of urea (nitrogen element content 45% in urea),
360 parts of ammonium chloride (nitrogen element content 26% in ammonium chloride), 60 parts of potassium chloride (K in potassium chloride2O content 60%).
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is gamma-polyglutamic acid wettable powder.
Effect example rice field trial
1st, test material
Experiment is carried out in Hubei Province Jingzhou District Ji Nan towns Ji Cheng villages crop field.The testing site is located in Jianghan Plain, belongs to subtropical zone
Monsoon moist climate region.For examination rice varieties:(hybrid rice) preferably perfume 1979, rice at whole growth periods 150d.
2nd, experimental design
Experiment uses single factor test RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 17 processing, 3 repetitions, plot area 20m2(5m × 4m), cell
Between with low bank of earth between fields coating isolate, repeat between with gutter (or inlet channel) isolate, the ditch both sides low bank of earth between fields agricultural film bag ridge, cell use
Random alignment.Total dose of each processing is 40kg/667m2。
Processing 1:Without fertile area (CK);
Processing 2:Using common urea (nitrogen element content 46% in urea);
Processing 3:Comparative example 1;
Processing 4:Comparative example 2;
Processing 5:Comparative example 3;
Processing 6:Embodiment 1;
Processing 7:Embodiment 2;
Processing 8:Embodiment 3;
Processing 9:Embodiment 4;
Processing 10:Embodiment 5;
Processing 11:Embodiment 6;
Processing 12:Embodiment 7;
Processing 13:Embodiment 8;
Processing 14:Embodiment 9;
Processing 15:Embodiment 10;
Processing 16:Embodiment 11;
Processing 17:Embodiment 12.
3rd, cultivation management
Experiment uses dry rice seedling pattern nursery, and in sowing on March 27th, 2016, by circulating, rich and influential family voluntarily manages seedbed.
The selection of experiment plot is carried out on May 8th, 2016, while collection and censorship to testing plot topsoil foundation soil sample.May 26
Experiment plot cell, gutter division and ridge building is carried out day to isolate (with the plastic sheeting bag ridge).May 31 is according to total dose
60% does base fertilizer administration, transplants on the same day, 40% once topdressing administration according to total dose after turning green.Planting density (line-spacing
40cm, nest is away from 20.8cm) 10 rows, the often nest of row 24, plot area 20m are planted per cell2(5m × 4m), Transplanting Density be 8000 nests/
667m2.Fertilization time, fertilizing method, field management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are consistent, and October 11, harvest, single per cell singles
Receive, indoor species test is carried out with the sampling of time-division cell, mass of 1000 kernel, conversion Drying rate are weighed after drying.
4th, result and analysis
Influence result of the test of 4.1 different disposals to Economic Character of Rice is as shown in table 1.
The Economic Character of Rice result of the test of table 1
Note:Theoretical yield=effective fringe X10000X fringe bear fruit grains X mass of 1000 kernel/1000/1000.
As can be seen from Table 1, each processing economic characters and theoretical yield have different, and processing 6~17 1 mu of processing has
Imitate fringe, fringe bear fruit grains, spike length, setting percentage, theoretical yield higher, synthesis sees one mu of effective fringe between 11.5 ten thousand~12.4 ten thousand fringes
Change, plant height changes between 119.7~123.2cm, and spike length changes between 26.5~27.1cm, and fringe bear fruit grains are 169.5
Change between~171.9, setting percentage changes between 98.9%~99.54%.
Processing 1 is blank test, and processing 2 uses Conventional urea soil fertility qualities, one mu of effective fringe of paddy rice, fringe bear fruit grains,
Spike length, setting percentage and theoretical yield are significantly lower than the paddy rice economy for using the compound fertilizer of 6~processing of present invention processing 17 to handle
Character;Processing 3~processing 5 uses comparative example compound fertilizer, and processing 3 uses nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, potassium in processing 4 and processing 5
Not within the scope of the present invention, the economic characters of paddy rice are also not as handling the compound of 6~processing 17 for the consumption of fertilizer and gamma-polyglutamic acid
The Economic Character of Rice of soil fertility quality is good.
Processing 11 lacks carbon nanomaterial compared with processing 6, and processing 12 lacks biology enzyme, processing 13 compared with processing 6
Compared with processing 6, lack biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial, one mu of effective fringe, fringe bear fruit grains, spike length, setting percentage and the reason of paddy rice
By yield be not as good as the effect of processing 6.It can be seen that, by adding biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial, to the globality of compound fertilizer
Castering action can be served with effect, the growth of rice crop can be advantageously promoted.
Processing 14 is compared with processing 7, and gamma-polyglutamic acid uses gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel, the sustained release water conservation of compound fertilizer
More preferably, further facilitation is played in the growth to paddy rice to effect.
Processing 15, processing 16 compared with processing 8, processing 9, with the addition of fertilizer synergist respectively, at processing 15, processing 16
The effective fringe of such as one mu of the economic characters for the paddy rice managed, fringe bear fruit grains, spike length, setting percentage and theoretical yield etc. relatively handle 8 and place
Manage 9 good, it is seen that by adding fertilizer synergist, further synergistic effect is played to compound fertilizer.
Processing 17 with the addition of trace element, compound fertilizer nutrition is more comprehensive, and fertilizer efficiency is obtained further compared with processing 10
Lifting.
Influence result of the test of 4.2 different disposals to rice yield is as shown in table 2.
The rice yield result of the test of table 2
Field yield is gone out according to each processing cell of table 2 and obtains Drying rate according to sampling drying, is given money as a gift and is rolled over according to Drying rate
Dry cell production.
Rice yield through processing 6~processing of processing 17 is higher, in 565~708kg/667m2, handle 11 and 6 phases of processing
Than, lack carbon nanomaterial, processing 12 lacks biology enzyme compared with processing 6, processing 13 compared with processing 6, lack biology enzyme and
Carbon nanomaterial, rice yield decreases;Processing 14 is compared with processing 7, and gamma-polyglutamic acid uses gamma-polyglutamic acid water-setting
Glue, rice yield is further lifted;Processing 15, processing 16 compared with processing 8, processing 9, with the addition of fertilizer synergist respectively, locate
Reason 17 with the addition of trace element, rice yield increased compared with processing 10, it is seen that by adding fertilizer synergist, micro
Element, the fertilizer efficiency for making compound fertilizer more preferably, further facilitation is played to paddy growth.
And use the per unit area yield of the paddy rice of Conventional urea fertilizer (processing 2) and comparative example 1~3 (processing 3~5) soil fertility quality bright
Aobvious lower than other processing, this explanation can be effectively facilitated using nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer and the gamma-polyglutamic acid of specific proportioning of the invention
Paddy growth, improves rice yield.
4.3 utilization rate of fertilizer comparative results are as shown in table 3.
The utilization rate of fertilizer result of table 3
Note:Utilization rate of fertilizer %=(fertilization area crop absorbs amount of nutrients-clear area crop and absorbs amount of nutrients)/fertilizer application
Measure nutrient content (%) X100 in X fertilizer.
As can be seen from Table 3, it is only 2.61% as the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of fertilizer using common urea, and applies the present invention
Compound fertilizer (processing 6, processing 11~13) utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer 35.27~38.65%, phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency 10.48~
14.38%, and the compound fertilizer utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of processing 3 is only 12.56%, phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is only 5.37%, it can be seen that,
The utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer can be significantly improved by using the compound fertilizer of inventive formulation, nutrient loss is reduced, mitigated
Environmental pollution.
Processing 4 and processing 5 with handle 6 compared with, the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer is relatively low, it is seen then that each group distribution ratio for
Played an important role on fertilizer performance and raising utilization rate of fertilizer.
Processing 11 lacks carbon nanomaterial compared with processing 6, and processing 12 lacks biology enzyme, processing 13 compared with processing 6
Compared with processing 6, the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency lacked in biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial, composite fertilizer has different journeys
The decline of degree, it can be seen that, biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial serve positive role for improving utilization rate of fertilizer.
Compound fertilizer of the present invention is flat according to crop demand by the mutual cooperation between nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid
Weighing apparatus fertilising, reaches the purpose that quick-acting, long-acting, synergy, water conservation are combined, and improves utilization rate of fertilizer, promotes plant growth, and volume increase is carried
Matter.
Further, since the addition of gamma-polyglutamic acid, can make irrigation water capacity save 10%, reduce cost.
Although being illustrated with specific embodiment and describing the present invention, but it will be appreciated that in the essence without departing substantially from the present invention
Many other changes and modification can be made in the case of god and scope.It is, therefore, intended that wrapping in the following claims
Include all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of compound fertilizer, it is characterised in that mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight:Basic nutrition fertilizer 80~
0~0.8 part of 500 parts, 0.05~0.5 part of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0~1.5 part of biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial;
Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 10~30:3~8.
2. according to the compound fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight:
100~300 parts of basic nutrition fertilizer, 0.05~0.2 part of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.1~1.5 part of biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial 0.2~
0.8 part;
Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 18~22:4~6.
3. according to the compound fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight:
100~200 parts of basic nutrition fertilizer, 0.05~0.1 part of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.1~0.6 part of biology enzyme and carbon nanomaterial 0.3~
0.6 part;
Basic nutrition fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein N:K2O weight ratio is 4:1.
4. according to the compound fertilizer described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the gamma-polyglutamic acid is γ-poly- paddy
Propylhomoserin hydrogel.
5. according to the compound fertilizer described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the compound fertilizer also includes:Fertilizer
Synergist, fertilizer synergist is the 3~6% of the fertile weight of basic nutrition;
The fertilizer synergist includes the weight of urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor, wherein urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor
Than for 1:(1~3).
6. according to the compound fertilizer described in claim 5, it is characterised in that the fertilizer synergist also includes:Complex rare-earth and
Zeolite powder;
Urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor, the weight ratio of complex rare-earth and zeolite powder are 1:2:0.2:80.
7. according to the compound fertilizer described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the basic nutrition fertilizer is micro- in also including
Secondary element;
Middle trace element is the 0.5~2% of the fertile weight of basic nutrition.
8. according to the compound fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that mainly prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight:
30 parts of urea, 60 parts of ammonium chloride, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 1 part of zinc chloride, 0.1 part of gamma-polyglutamic-acid hydrogel, cellulase
0.2 part, 0.4 part of amylase, 0.4 part of dextranase, 0.5 part of carbon nanomaterial, 0.06 part of urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor
4.8 parts of 0.12 part, 0.012 part of complex rare-earth and zeolite powder.
9. the preparation method of a kind of compound fertilizer according to described in claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly:
Each raw material that parts by weight as described in claim any one of 1-8 are weighed is well mixed, and obtains compound fertilizer.
10. a kind of compound fertilizer according to described in claim any one of 1-8 is in paddy rice, corn, myotonin, eucalyptus, mulberry tree, oil
Application in dish or sugarcane crop plantation.
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CN107473896A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-15 | 安徽瑞虎肥业有限公司 | A kind of wheat compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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CN110922254A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-27 | 付洪斌 | Agricultural rare earth containing precipitation inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof |
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