CN114536592B

CN114536592B - Near-infrared waste plastic sorting equipment and sorting method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114536592B
Application number: CN202210167089.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪俊锋; 陈川; 张帅; 黄一彪
Original assignee: Anhui Huishi Jintong Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Huishi Jintong Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-23
Filing date: 2022-02-23
Publication date: 2023-06-20
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-23
Also published as: CN114536592A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of waste sorting, in particular to near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment and a sorting method thereof, which comprises a shell provided with a driving device, wherein a cavity is formed in the shell, a transferring device is rotated in the cavity and connected with the driving device, the transferring device comprises a roller, the roller is rotationally connected with the shell, a plurality of suction nozzles are arranged on the surface of the roller, the suction nozzles are communicated or blocked with the interior of the roller under a certain angle and are used for adsorbing or separating materials, a fan is connected with the shaft end of the roller, air in the roller is extracted to form negative pressure.

Description

Near-infrared waste plastic sorting equipment and sorting method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of waste sorting, in particular to near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment and a sorting method thereof.

Background

With the increasing importance of environmental protection, the treatment of waste products requires more precision, plastic products which are difficult to decompose in the waste are screened out and recycled, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced, the material is saved, but the screening work of waste plastics is more troublesome, the manual screening efficiency is extremely low, the light absorption spectrum which is different from other material molecules is generated by the absorption of the vibration of material molecules to a certain wave band through the near infrared technology, and then the material can be identified through the spectrum, so that the distinguishing efficiency of the waste plastics is greatly improved.

Traditional waste plastic sorting drops into conveyer's surface with the raw materials, through near infrared discernment, distinguishes waste plastic's position again, separates waste plastic through the jet-propelled mode and selects out, but the raw materials is superimposed easily on conveyer's surface, presses below other raw materials when the plastic sheet, appears discernment omission easily, and superimposed plastics produces each other collision easily when receiving the air current impact on the conveyer belt in addition, leads to selecting separately blanking appearance deviation, has reduced the separation precision.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the following problems in the prior art: raw materials are stacked easily on the surface of a conveying device, identification omission is easy to occur when plastic sheets are pressed below other raw materials, and in addition, stacked plastics are easy to collide with each other when falling down on a conveying belt and impacted by airflow, so that separation blanking is caused to deviate, and separation precision is reduced.

The invention provides near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment for solving the problems in the prior art, which comprises a shell, wherein a driving device is externally arranged on the shell, a cavity is formed in the shell, a transferring device is rotated in the cavity and connected with the driving device, the transferring device comprises a roller, the roller is rotationally connected with the shell, a plurality of suction nozzles are arranged on the surface of the roller and are communicated or blocked with the interior of the roller under a certain angle and used for adsorbing or separating materials, a fan is connected at the shaft end of the roller, and air in the roller is extracted to form negative pressure;

the two ends of the cavity of the shell are provided with an inlet and an outlet which penetrate through the cavity, a conveyor belt is arranged at the outlet part of the shell, the conveyor belt is positioned at the side edge of the roller, an infrared identification module is arranged above the conveyor belt, and an air jet sorting module is arranged below the conveyor belt at the outlet part;

the suction nozzle comprises a cylinder shell, wherein the cylinder shell penetrates through the surface of the roller, an inner cavity is formed in the cylinder shell, one end of the inner cavity is conical, a through hole communicated with the inside of the roller is formed in the conical end of the inner cavity, a one-way valve is arranged in the through hole, a steel ball is placed in the inner cavity, the steel ball is close to or far away from the through hole and used for plugging or opening the through hole, a suction port is formed in one end, far away from the through hole, of the cylinder shell, an outer cavity is formed in one end, close to the suction port, of the cylinder shell, and the outer cavity is communicated with the inner cavity through a through hole;

and a permanent magnet is fixed at one end of the inner wall of the inner cavity far away from the through hole.

Preferably, the driving device comprises a motor, the motor is connected with a conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt, the roller and the fan are connected through belt transmission.

Preferably, an air ejector tube is arranged at the top of the cavity of the shell and connected with the exhaust end of the fan, a nozzle is connected to the surface of the air ejector tube, and the nozzle is inclined downwards along the tangential direction of the roller.

Preferably, a blanking plate is fixed in the shell, the blanking plate is obliquely arranged along the tangential direction of the roller, the bottom end of the blanking plate is positioned above the conveyor belt, and the upper end of the blanking plate is toothed staggered with the suction nozzle.

Preferably, the bottom plate at the inlet part of the shell is in a shape of a downward concave arc, and the roller is positioned at the bottom of the arc part.

The sorting method based on the near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment comprises the following specific steps:

A. adding crushed waste into the shell through an inlet;

B. the roller, the conveyor belt and the fan are driven to synchronously work by the driving device, the fan pumps air in the roller to form negative pressure, the suction nozzle at the lower part of the roller adsorbs the material sheet and rotates to the end part of the conveyor belt to release the material sheet, so that the material sheet is flatly paved on the surface of the conveyor belt;

C. the conveyer belt conveys the material piece that the individual layer was discharged to the exit direction, and through infrared identification module emission infrared light scanning analysis material, the separation work is realized to the target material blowout through the gas jet separation module.

Compared with the related art, the near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment and the sorting method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the suction nozzles are uniformly arranged on the surface of the roller with negative pressure inside, so that the suction nozzles fix the tablets in an adsorption manner, the tablets are placed on the surface of the conveyor belt through the rotation of the roller, the tablets are effectively prevented from being overlapped on the surface of the conveyor belt, the identification precision of the near infrared device on all the tablets is improved, and the target tablets are separated by air blowing in the falling process and cannot collide with the rest tablets, so that a high-precision sorting track is maintained;

2. according to the invention, under the action of gravity, the steel ball at the lower part of the roller opens the through hole to adsorb materials, and the through hole at the upper part of the roller is closed by the steel ball to separate the materials from adsorption, so that the materials are stably put on the surface of the conveyor belt under the rotation of the roller;

3. according to the invention, the air ejector pipe is arranged to blow up the ascending suction nozzle, so that the material which is not adsorbed and entrained is blown down, and further, the material is prevented from being overlapped on the surface of the conveyor belt.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the location structure of the sorting unit according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the rollers and conveyor belt of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the gas lance of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a distribution structure of a suction nozzle according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the steel ball state structure of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a suction nozzle structure according to the present invention.

Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a housing; 2. an infrared identification module; 3. a suction nozzle; 31. a cartridge housing; 32. an inner cavity; 33. an outer cavity; 34. a suction port; 35. a through hole; 36. a steel ball; 37. a one-way valve; 38. a permanent magnet; 4. a blower; 5. a conveyor belt; 6. an air-jet sorting module; 7. a blanking plate; 8. a roller; 9. and (3) an air ejector tube.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-5, a near infrared waste plastic sorting device is provided, the interior of a machine shell 1 is a cavity, two ends of the machine shell are provided with a through inlet and a through outlet, a conveyor belt 5 is arranged at the outlet position, an air jet sorting module 6 is arranged at the bottom of the outlet position and is inclined upwards, an infrared identification module 2 is arranged on the surface of the machine shell 1 above the conveyor belt 5, a transfer device is arranged at the inlet position, the transfer device comprises a roller 8, the roller 8 is rotationally connected with the machine shell 1, the roller 8 is positioned at the end part of the conveyor belt 5, a plurality of suction nozzles 3 are uniformly arranged on the surface of the roller 8, the suction nozzles 3 are distributed at equal angles along the circumference of the roller 8 and are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the roller 8, a fan 4 is arranged at the top of the machine shell 1, the air inlet end of the fan 4 is communicated with the interior of the roller 8 from the shaft end of the roller 8, and the fan 4, the roller 8 and the conveyor belt 5 are jointly connected with a driving device;

the driving device drives the fan 4, the roller 8 and the conveyor belt 5 to synchronously work, materials enter the shell 1 from the inlet, air in the roller 8 is discharged by the fan 4 to form negative pressure, the suction nozzle 3 at the lower part of the roller 8 adsorbs single-piece materials and rotates along with the roller 8 until the materials are placed on the surface of the conveyor belt 5, waste materials placed by the transferring device are transmitted to the outlet through the conveyor belt 5, infrared light is emitted by the infrared identification module 2 to irradiate the materials, the properties of the materials are judged through spectral analysis, and the falling target materials are separated through the infrared identification module 2 by blowing.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the suction nozzle 3 comprises a cylinder shell 31, wherein an inner cavity 32 and an outer cavity 33 are respectively arranged at two ends of the inside of the cylinder shell 31, the middle part of the outer cavity 33 is wrapped outside the middle part of the inner cavity 32, the outer cavity 33 is communicated with the wrapping part of the inner cavity 32 through a plurality of groups of through holes 35, one end of the inner cavity 32 is conical, a through hole is arranged at the conical end part, a one-way valve 37 is arranged in the through hole, a suction port 34 is arranged at the end part of the outer cavity 33, and a steel ball 36 is placed in the inner cavity 32;

the suction nozzle 3 positioned at the lower part of the roller 8 is provided with an upper through hole, the suction port 34 is positioned below, the suction port 34 is in contact with materials, the steel ball 36 is far away from the through hole under the action of gravity, negative pressure in the roller 8 acts in the inner cavity 32, the suction port 34 is used for adsorbing the materials through the communication of the through hole 35, when the suction nozzle 3 with the materials rotates to the top along with the roller 8, the through hole is positioned below, the suction port 34 is positioned above, the steel ball 36 is used for blocking the through hole under the action of gravity, the negative pressure in the outer cavity 33 is lost, the materials are separated from the suction port 34, and fall on the surface of the conveyor belt 5 under the action of inertia.

As shown in fig. 7, a permanent magnet 38 is fixed at one end of the inner cavity 32 far away from the conical part, the surface of the permanent magnet 38 is in a concave spherical shape, the structure is matched with the steel ball 36, the steel ball 36 is made of magnetic metal, when the suction nozzle 3 drives the waste sheet to rotate upwards to pass through the horizontal position, the permanent magnet 38 generates adsorption force on the steel ball 36, the falling effect of gravity on the steel ball 36 is reduced, the blocking of the through hole by the steel ball 36 is delayed, and the material is prevented from being separated from the suction nozzle 3 too early, so that conduction failure is caused.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the driving device comprises a motor, the motor is connected with one end of the conveyor belt 5, and the conveyor belt 5, the roller 8 and the shaft end of the fan 4 are in transmission connection by using a belt at the other end, and the conveyor belt 5, the roller 8 and the fan 4 are driven to work only by the motor, so that the cost investment of equipment is reduced, and synchronous and coordinated work of the equipment is ensured.

As shown in fig. 4, the air ejector 9 is mounted on the inner top wall of the casing 1, the air ejector 9 is close to the inlet, the air ejector 9 is connected with the exhaust end of the fan 4, the surface of the air ejector 9 is connected with a plurality of nozzles, the nozzles incline downwards along the tangential direction of the roller 8, the air extracted by the fan 4 is guided into the air ejector 9, and is tangentially ejected to the suction nozzle 3 with the material through the nozzles, so that the material which is not adsorbed and entrained is blown off, and the superposition of the material on the surface of the conveyor belt 5 is avoided.

As shown in fig. 3, the blanking plate 7 is placed above the gap between the roller 8 and the conveyor belt 5 and is fixed with the inner wall of the casing 1, the blanking plate 7 is obliquely arranged along the tangent line square of the roller 8, the bottom end of the blanking plate 7 is positioned above the conveyor belt 5, the upper end of the blanking plate 7 is in a tooth shape staggered with the position of the suction nozzle 3, the tooth-shaped structure is inserted between the suction nozzles 3, the blanking plate 7 is used for shoveling the tablet separated from the suction nozzle 3, and the tablet slides down to the surface of the conveyor belt 5 along the blanking plate 7, so that the superposition of materials on the surface of the conveyor belt 5 is effectively avoided.

As shown in fig. 3, the bottom plate at the inlet of the casing 1 is in a shape of a downward concave arc, and the roller 8 is positioned at the bottom of the arc, so that the input materials are gathered in the direction of the roller 8, the suction nozzle 3 is convenient to fully adsorb the materials, and the transfer efficiency of the materials is improved.

A. adding crushed waste into the shell 1 through an inlet;

B. the roller 8, the conveyor belt 5 and the fan 4 are driven to synchronously work by the driving device, the fan 4 pumps out air in the roller 8 to form negative pressure, the suction nozzle 3 at the lower part of the roller 8 adsorbs the material sheet and rotates to the end part of the conveyor belt 5 to release the material sheet, so that the material sheet is flatly paved on the surface of the conveyor belt 5;

C. the conveyer belt 5 conveys the single-layer discharged material sheet to the outlet direction, the infrared recognition module 2 emits infrared light to scan and analyze materials, and the air-jet sorting module 6 blows out target materials to realize sorting work.

Claims

1. The near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment comprises a shell (1) with a driving device arranged outside, wherein a cavity is formed in the shell (1), a transferring device is rotated in the cavity and connected with the driving device, the transferring device comprises a roller (8), the roller (8) is rotationally connected with the shell (1), a plurality of suction nozzles (3) are arranged on the surface of the roller (8), the suction nozzles (3) are communicated or blocked with the interior of the roller (8) under a certain angle and are used for adsorbing or separating materials, a fan (4) is connected with the shaft end of the roller (8), and air in the roller (8) is extracted to form negative pressure;

the two ends of the cavity of the shell (1) are provided with an inlet and an outlet which penetrate through the cavity, a conveyor belt (5) is arranged at the outlet part of the shell (1), the conveyor belt (5) is positioned at the side edge of the roller (8), an infrared identification module (2) is arranged above the conveyor belt (5), and an air jet separation module (6) is arranged at the outlet position below the conveyor belt (5);

the suction nozzle (3) comprises a cylinder shell (31), the cylinder shell (31) penetrates through the surface of the roller (8), an inner cavity (32) is formed in the cylinder shell (31), one end of the inner cavity (32) is in a conical shape, a through hole communicated with the inside of the roller (8) is formed in the conical end of the inner cavity (32), a one-way valve (37) is arranged in the through hole, a steel ball (36) is placed in the inner cavity (32), the steel ball (36) is close to or far away from the through hole and is used for blocking or opening the through hole, a suction port (34) is formed in one end, far away from the through hole, of the cylinder shell (31), an outer cavity (33) is formed in one end, close to the suction port (34), of the cylinder shell (31), and the outer cavity (33) is communicated with the inner cavity (32) through a through hole (35);

a permanent magnet (38) is fixed at one end of the inner wall of the inner cavity (32) far away from the through hole.

2. The near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment according to claim 1, wherein the driving device comprises a motor, the motor is connected with a conveyor belt (5), and the conveyor belt (5), the roller (8) and the fan (4) are connected through a belt transmission.

3. The near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the cavity of the casing (1) is provided with a gas jet pipe (9), the gas jet pipe (9) is connected with the exhaust end of the fan (4), the surface of the gas jet pipe (9) is connected with a nozzle, and the nozzle is inclined downwards along the tangential direction of the roller (8).

4. The near infrared waste plastic sorting equipment according to claim 1, wherein a blanking plate (7) is fixed in the machine shell (1), the blanking plate (7) is obliquely arranged along the tangential direction of the roller (8), the bottom end of the blanking plate (7) is positioned above the conveyor belt (5), and the upper end of the blanking plate (7) is in a tooth shape staggered with the suction nozzle (3).

5. The near infrared waste plastic sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bottom plate of the inlet portion of the housing (1) is in a downwardly concave arc shape, and the roller (8) is located at the bottom of the arc portion.

6. A sorting method based on the near infrared waste plastic sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the specific steps of:

A. adding crushed waste into the shell (1) through an inlet;

B. the roller (8), the conveyor belt (5) and the fan (4) are driven by the driving device to synchronously work, the fan (4) pumps out air in the roller (8) to form negative pressure, the suction nozzle (3) at the lower part of the roller (8) adsorbs the material sheet and rotates to the end part of the conveyor belt (5) to release the material sheet, so that the material sheet is flatly paved on the surface of the conveyor belt (5);

C. the conveyor belt (5) conveys the single-layer discharged material sheet to the outlet direction, infrared light is emitted by the infrared identification module (2) to scan and analyze materials, and the air-jet sorting module (6) blows out target materials to realize sorting work.