JP2004098404A - Label taking-off machine and recycling recovery treatment system for waste plastic container - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact label taking-off machine having high removing ratio, and a recycling recovery treatment system for a waste plastic container by utilizing the same. <P>SOLUTION: The label taking-off machine has a function for separating label pieces from a mixture of waste plastic pieces broken into a flaky state and label pieces to recover waste plastic pieces and is equipped with a charging port (9) for a label-containing raw material, a housing (3) for receiving the mixture from the charging port and a recovery container (10) for recovering waste plastic pieces. A label separation mechanism (2), which comprises rotary plates (2a) and a plurality of suction hoppers (2b) opened to the outer peripheries of the peripheral housing wall surfaces of the rotary plates, is provided in the housing over at least one stage or a plurality of up and down stages. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a label removing machine that efficiently separates a mixture of a waste plastic piece and a label piece generated by crushing a waste plastic container such as a used plastic bottle with a label and collects the waste plastic piece.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to collect labeled plastic containers such as used PET bottles as recycled materials, first crush the containers into fine flakes with the labels, and then efficiently convert the waste plastic pieces, which are the raw materials for recycling, into label pieces. Techniques for separation are required.
[0003]
As a conventional technique, a method using a wind separator (wind separator) is known. For example, Patent Literature 1 describes that after a predetermined washing / dehydrating step, labels are removed by a foreign matter removing means (air sorting means). Further, Patent Document 2 describes in detail the structure of a wind separator and the operation principle thereof.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-11-105032 (paragraphs 4 and 11)
[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-54911 (25th paragraph, FIG. 2)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional air sifter has a label removal efficiency of only about 80% at the maximum, and therefore, a small amount of label piece is always mixed in the waste plastic piece that should have been separated and extracted. Further, the conventional wind sifter is a large-sized machine having a height of 3 m to 5 m, so that a reduction in the size of the machine has been desired.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a small and high-efficiency labeling machine and a waste plastic container recycling collection system using the same.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a label remover according to the present invention is a label remover for separating a label piece from a mixture of a waste plastic piece and a label piece crushed into flakes and collecting the waste plastic piece. There is provided an input port 9 for inputting a raw material with a label, a housing 3 for receiving the mixture from the input port, and a recovery container 10 for recovering waste plastic pieces. A label separating mechanism 2 including a plurality of label suction suction hoppers 2b opened on the outer periphery of the casing wall around the rotating plate is provided at least one stage or a plurality of stages vertically.
[0008]
Further, by providing the above-described labeling machine, the first or second damper device 11, 21 or both, the suction attachment 26 for branching the suction system into a plurality, the suction blower 27, and the cyclone 32. It is possible to construct a system for recycling and processing waste plastic containers.
[0009]
According to the labeling machine of the present invention, a small and highly efficient labeling machine can be realized. Note that, in the present invention, the rotating plate is not a flat disk-shaped one but a substantially frusto-conical shaped one having an inclination angle θ between the horizontal direction.
[0010]
Further, according to the system of the present invention, a very small and easy-to-use and low-cost recycling and collection system can be constructed as a whole system.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, examples of embodiments of the present invention will be described.
【Example】
FIG. 4 is an overall view of a waste plastic container recycling and recovery processing system according to the present invention. This system comprises a labeling machine 1, a first damper device 11, a second damper device 21, a suction attachment 26, a suction blower 27, and a cyclone 32. Each device is an air duct 40a, 40b, 40c. Connected.
[0011]
First, a mixture (labeled raw material) of waste plastic pieces and label pieces crushed to about 1 cm square is discharged from the cyclone through a pre-process (not shown) such as a predetermined washing / dehydration process, and this is taken out of the cyclone. It is charged into the raw material input port 9 of the machine 1. The label pieces are suctioned and removed by the suction hopper 2b, and the waste plastic pieces are collected in the collection container 10.
[0012]
The sucked label piece is sucked by the blower 27. The air passes through the first and second damper devices 11 and 21 and the suction attachment 26, is separated from the air by the cyclone 32, and is finally collected from the outlet 35.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the label removing machine 1 shown in FIG. The casing 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a substantially frustoconical (or conical) rotary plate 2a therein, and eight suction hoppers 2b are provided on the wall surface of the case 3 around the rotary plate 2a. Further, a rotation driving means including a motor 4 for driving the rotation plate 2a is provided in parallel, and the driving force is transmitted to the pulley 7 by a pulley and a power transmission means belt. Rotate. The rotating plate 2a and the plurality of suction hoppers 2b provided around the rotating plate 2a are collectively referred to as a label separating mechanism 2 for convenience. In the labeling machine of the present invention, the label separating mechanism is provided in three stages vertically.
[0014]
The label piece of the labeled raw material and the waste plastic piece are rarely adhered to each other, and are mostly separated from each other. Therefore, when the labeled raw material is introduced into the raw material input port 9 of the label removing machine 1, the labeled raw material is received by the rotating plate 2a, the falling speed is reduced, and the labeled raw material is rebounded by the rotating force of the rotating plate. The label pieces and the plastic pieces are scattered in a plane and are drawn toward the suction hopper 2b. As a result, the heavy plastic waste pieces fall without being sucked even if they are blown near the suction hopper, while the light weight label pieces are sucked by the suction hopper 2b.
[0015]
Since a plurality of suction hoppers are provided on the wall surface of the casing 3 around the rotary plate and are provided with a plurality of upward slopes corresponding to the cone angle θ of the rotary plate 2a, even if the label pieces are scattered in any direction, It is sucked from a nearby suction hopper. The prototype label removing machine was provided with eight suction hoppers 2b at equal intervals for a single-stage label separating mechanism. Providing a plurality of such components greatly enhances the removal efficiency.
[0016]
It is preferable that the rotating plate 2a has a substantially frustoconical shape and has an inclination angle θ between itself and the horizontal direction. A flat disk-shaped rotating plate may be used, but if it is flat, the label piece and the plastic piece are less likely to be repelled outwardly toward the suction hopper 2b, and the removal efficiency is somewhat poor.
[0017]
Although it is conceivable to provide a fan for generating wind on the surface of the rotating plate, a structure in which the fan rotates at a high speed may cause injury during maintenance, and the cost for mounting the fan increases. Therefore, a rotating plate having an inclination angle θ, instead of a flat plate, is the cheapest, has no risk of injury, and has high removal efficiency. The rotary plate 2a of the prototype was made of stainless steel and the surface was microscopically flat, but sufficient removal efficiency was obtained.
[0018]
Any material other than stainless steel, such as iron or aluminum, may be used as long as the above purpose is satisfied. In addition, as a modified example of the shape of the rotating plate, as shown in a broken line portion in FIG. In this way, the time of staying on the rotating plate 2a is further increased, so that the probability that the label piece 26 is sucked by the suction hopper 2b is further increased.
[0019]
The first damper device 11 shown in FIG. 2 is a device for adjusting the amount of suction air. The first damper device 11 has one type of exhaust port 12a and two types of intake ports 12b and 12c. The same number of suction ports 12c as the number of suction hoppers 2b are provided.
[0020]
The exhaust port 12a is connected to a later-described suction attachment 26 via an air duct 40b. The first intake port 12b is a hole for adjusting the suction amount of the intake port 12c. When the handle 13 is rotated, the slide damper 14 moves and opens and closes the intake port 12b, thereby sucking the intake port 12b. The amount can be increased or decreased.
[0021]
When the handle 13 shown in FIG. 2 is rotated to move the slide damper 14 to the right to close all the intake ports 12b, the suction force of the intake port 12c is maximized, and to the left to open all the intake ports 12b, the intake port 12c is opened. Attraction force is minimized.
[0022]
The second air inlet 12c is connected to the tip of the suction hopper 2b (A in FIG. 1) of the labeling machine in FIG. 1 via the air duct 40a. The first damper device 11 is provided in the same number as the number of stages of the label separation mechanism 2 (three in the prototype), and has a total of three intake lines.
[0023]
That is, in the present system, three first ducts are installed, and the amount of air sucked from the suction hopper of the label separation mechanism is determined by the number of stages of the label separation mechanism because the three systems of air lines can independently adjust the suction amount. Each can be adjusted.
[0024]
Therefore, the suction amount of the air line of each system can be adjusted so as to increase the label removal rate. However, if the suction force is excessively increased, a part of the waste plastic piece to be separated and collected together with the label piece is removed by suction, so that the recovery rate decreases.
[0025]
FIG. 3 is a front view of the second damper device 21, the suction attachment 26, and the suction blower 27. As shown in FIG. 3, the suction attachment 26 has four intake ports (26a to 26d) on one surface and an exhaust port (not shown) on the opposite surface. The central intake port 26d is larger in diameter than the other three (26a to 26c), the intake port 26d is connected to the slide damper 24, and the exhaust port is directly connected to the suction port 30 of the suction blower 27. .
[0026]
When the handle 23 is rotated and the slide damper 24 is moved downward to close all the air inlets 26d, the suction force of the air inlets 26a to 26c is maximized. The suction force of 26c is minimal. In this way, the suction air amount of all air systems can be adjusted by one second duct.
[0027]
The suction attachment 26 plays a role of branching one suction blower 27 into a plurality of intake systems. Thus, a plurality of intake lines can be constructed with one blower.
[0028]
Further, as described above, the prototype machine is provided with three stages of label removing mechanisms, and the label pieces not sucked in the first stage are sucked in the second stage or the third stage. It has been confirmed by experiments that the removal rate of label pieces can be further increased by using a multi-stage label separation mechanism. More than three stages would further increase the removal rate.
[0029]
The rotating plate 2a does not generate wind like a fan, but has a completely different structure, application, and function from an upper fan or a lower fan such as a conventional wind separator (see Patent Document 2). is there.
[0030]
The suction blower 27 is a device for generating a suction force, and includes a blower driving motor 28, a fan 29, an intake port 30, and an exhaust port 31 (see FIG. 3). When the motor 28 rotates the fan 29, air flows in the direction of the arrow indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 4, and a suction force is generated in the suction hopper 2b. The exhaust port 31 and the intake port 33 of the cyclone 32 are connected by an air duct 40c. In the prototype, a motor having a rated output of 5.5 kW, 4 poles and a rotation speed of 3600 rpm was used.
[0031]
The cyclone 32 is a device for separating a label piece carried by a large amount of air from air, and has an inlet 33, an outlet 34, and an outlet 35. A swirling flow is generated inside the cyclone by the air containing the label pieces blown vigorously from the intake port 33, and the air becomes ascending airflow and is discharged from the exhaust port 34 and the label pieces from the discharge port 35, respectively.
[0032]
According to experiments, the most important points in increasing the removal rate were the angle of the rotating plate and the rotating speed of the rotating plate. As described above, the rotating plate 2b has a substantially conical or substantially truncated cone shape. According to experiments, it is preferable that the inclination angle θ between the horizontal line and the inclined line of the truncated cone is 30 ° to 40 °.
[0033]
The best rotation speed of the rotating plate was about 2000 revolutions per minute. In the prototype, the rated output of the motor for driving the rotating plate is 0.75 kW, the gear ratio (diameter ratio of the pulley on the motor side to the pulley on the shaft) is 3: 1 to 5: 1, and the rotation speed is 3 to 5 times. The rotational speed of the rotary plate was set to reach 2000 revolutions per minute in the prototype.
[0034]
However, the numerical values of 30 ° and 40 ° themselves have no critical meaning, and generally indicate that this range was empirically good. The same applies to a rotation speed of 2000 revolutions per minute. This is because they depend to some extent on the device, the type of label-containing raw material (such as the size of flakes), and the like.
[0035]
Further, the distance between the rotating plate 2a and the suction hopper 2b is also important so that the label pieces dispersed by the rotating plate are efficiently sucked from the suction hopper 2b. This can be optimized for each device by appropriately adjusting the size and position of the rotating plate.
[0036]
When the first and second damper devices 11 and 21 were adjusted and the suction amount was maximized, flakes (raw materials) were collected in the collection container at 90% to 95% of the input amount, and labels and flakes were collected at 10% to 95%. 5% was removed, and the label removal rate was 95% or more.
[0037]
By adjusting the first and second damper devices 11 and 21 to minimize the suction amount, 95% to 98% of flakes (raw material) are collected in the collection container, and 2% to 5% of labels and flakes are removed. The label removal rate was 80% or more.
[0038]
In the recycling and recovery system of the present invention, various adjustments are made possible by using two damper devices (11, 21), so that it is very easy to use. However, if only the system is to be operated, there is at least one damper device. Just fine.
【The invention's effect】
The size (L in FIG. 1) of the three stages of the label separation mechanism of the waste plastic piece collection device of the prototype is 897 mm, and the width (D) of the housing is 245 mm, which is very compact compared to the conventional wind separator. However, the label removal rate achieved a recovery rate of 90% or more, and it was confirmed that the label removal rate was significantly higher than in the past.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a waste plastic piece collecting device.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a first damper device.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a second damper device and an intake attachment.
FIG. 4 is an overall view of a waste plastic container recycling and recovery processing system according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating plate 2a Rotating plate 2b Suction hopper 2 Label separation mechanism 3 Case 9 Raw material input port 10 Collection container 11 First damper device 21 Second damper device 26 Attachment for suction 27 Suction blower 32 Cyclone

Claims (2)

An input port (9) for separating a label piece from a mixture of a waste plastic piece and a label piece crushed into flakes and collecting the waste plastic piece, wherein an input port (9) for charging a labeled raw material; A housing (3) for receiving the mixture from the inlet, and a collection container (10) for collecting waste plastic pieces, wherein a rotating plate (2a) and a housing wall around the rotating plate are provided inside the housing. A label separation machine (2) comprising at least one or a plurality of upper and lower label separation mechanisms (2) each comprising a plurality of suction hoppers (2b) for suctioning labels which are opened on the outer periphery of the label. 2. The labeling machine according to claim 1, the first or second damper device (11, 21) or both, a suction attachment (26) for branching an intake system into a plurality, and a suction blower (27). And a cyclone (32).

Images