JP4009511B2 - Recycling and collecting system for label remover and waste plastic container - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a label remover that efficiently separates a mixture of waste plastic pieces and label pieces produced by crushing waste plastic containers such as used plastic bottles with labels, and collects the waste plastic pieces.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to collect used plastic bottles and other labeled plastic containers as recycled raw materials, the containers are first crushed into fine flakes with the labels attached, and then the waste plastic pieces, which are the raw materials for recycling, are efficiently used as the labeled pieces. Separation technology is required.
[0003]
As the prior art, a method using a wind separator (wind selector) is known. For example, Patent Document 1 describes that labels are removed by a foreign matter removing means (wind selecting means) after a predetermined cleaning / dehydrating step. Patent Document 2 describes in detail the structure of a wind power sorter and its operating principle.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-105032 (paragraphs 4 and 11)
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-54911 A (25th paragraph, FIG. 2)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional wind separator can obtain a label removal efficiency of only about 80% at the maximum. Therefore, a small amount of label pieces are always mixed in waste plastic pieces that should be separated and extracted. Further, since the conventional wind separator is a large machine having a height of 3 to 5 m, it is desired to reduce the size of the machine.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a small and highly efficient label remover and a recycling system for waste plastic containers using the same.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a label remover according to the present invention is a label remover for recovering waste plastic pieces by separating the label pieces from a mixture of waste plastic pieces and label pieces crushed into flakes. And an input port 9 for supplying the labeled raw material, a housing 3 for receiving the mixture from the input port, and a recovery container 10 for recovering the waste plastic piece, and having a substantially frustoconical horizontal shape inside the housing. A label separation mechanism comprising a rotating plate 2a having an inclination angle θ between the direction and a plurality of suction hoppers 2b for label suction that are open to the outer periphery of a housing wall surface around the rotating plate and connected to an intake system 2 is provided with at least one stage or a plurality of stages above and below.
[0008]
Further, the label remover , the first or second damper device 11, 21 or both connected to the suction hopper 2b for adjusting the suction amount of the intake system, and the suction branching the intake system into a plurality of An attachment 26, a suction blower 27 connected to an intake system for generating suction force, and a cyclone 32 for separating a label piece carried together with air through the intake system into air and a label piece A system for recycling and collecting waste plastic containers can be established.
[0009]
According to the label remover according to the present invention, a small and highly efficient label remover can be realized. In the present invention, the rotating plate is not a flat disk shape, but a substantially truncated cone shape having an inclination angle θ between the rotating plate and the horizontal direction.
[0010]
Further, according to the system of the present invention, it is possible to construct a recycling collection system that is very small and easy to use as a whole system and that is low in cost.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
【Example】
FIG. 4 is an overall view of a waste plastic container recycling and recovery system according to the present invention. This system comprises a label remover 1, a first damper device 11, a second damper device 21, a suction attachment 26, a suction blower 27, and a cyclone 32, each of which is an air duct 40a, 40b, 40c. Are connected.
[0011]
First, a mixture of waste plastic pieces and label pieces (labeled raw material) crushed to about 1 cm square is discharged from the cyclone through a pre-process (not shown) such as a predetermined cleaning / dehydration process, and this is the label removal. It is charged into the raw material inlet 9 of the machine 1. The label pieces are sucked and removed by the suction hopper 2b, and the waste plastic pieces are collected in the collection container 10.
[0012]
The sucked label piece is sucked by the blower 27. It passes through the first and second damper devices 11 and 21 and the suction attachment 26, is separated from the air by the cyclone 32, and finally is collected from the discharge port 35.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the label remover 1 shown in FIG. The housing 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape and includes a substantially frustoconical (or conical) rotating plate 2a. Eight suction hoppers 2b are provided on the wall surface of the housing 3 around the rotating plate 2a. Further, a rotation driving means including a motor 4 for driving the rotating plate 2a is provided, and the driving force is transmitted to the pulley 7 by a pulley and a power transmission means belt, and the rotating plate 2a is rotated by rotating the shaft rod 8. Rotate. The rotating plate 2a and the plurality of suction hoppers 2b installed around the rotating plate 2a are collectively referred to as a label separation mechanism 2 for convenience. In the label removing machine of the present invention, the label separating mechanism is provided in three stages in the vertical direction.
[0014]
There are few label pieces and waste plastic pieces of the raw material with labels attached to each other, and most of them are separated apart. Therefore, when a labeled raw material is introduced into the raw material inlet 9 of the label remover 1, the labeled raw material is received by the rotating plate 2a, the falling speed is lowered, and the labeled raw material jumps due to the rotational force of the rotating plate. As a result, the label pieces and the plastic pieces are drawn toward the suction hopper 2b. As a result, the waste plastic piece having a large mass is dropped without being sucked even if it is blown near the suction hopper, while the label piece having a light mass is sucked by the suction hopper 2b.
[0015]
Since a plurality of suction hoppers are provided on the wall surface of the casing 3 around the rotating plate and have an upward inclination corresponding to the cone angle θ of the rotating plate 2a, the label pieces are the most in any direction scattered. It is sucked from a suction hopper nearby. The prototype label remover was provided with eight suction hoppers 2b at equal intervals per one-stage label separating mechanism. When a plurality of such devices are provided, the removal efficiency is greatly improved.
[0016]
The rotating plate 2a is preferably substantially frustoconical and has an inclination angle θ between the rotating plate 2a and the horizontal direction. A flat disk-shaped rotating plate may be used, but if it is flat, the label piece and the plastic piece are not easily repelled radially outward toward the suction hopper 2b, and the removal efficiency is somewhat poor.
[0017]
Although it is conceivable to provide a fan for generating wind on the surface of the rotating plate, the structure in which the fan rotates at a high speed may cause injury during maintenance, and the cost for mounting the fan increases. Therefore, a rotating plate having an inclination angle θ, not a flat plate, is the cheapest, there is no risk of injury, and the removal efficiency is high. The rotating plate 2a of the prototype was made of stainless steel and the surface was microscopically flat, but sufficient removal efficiency was obtained.
[0018]
Any material other than stainless steel, such as iron or aluminum, may be used as long as it meets the above purpose. As a modification of the shape of the rotating plate, as shown by a broken line portion in FIG. 1, a structure in which a collar 6 is provided on a frustoconical rotating plate may be used. In this way, the time for staying on the rotating plate 2a is further increased, so that the probability that the label piece 26 is sucked into the suction hopper 2b is further increased.
[0019]
The first damper device 11 shown in FIG. 2 is a device for adjusting the amount of air for suction. The first damper device 11 has one type of exhaust port 12a and two types of intake ports 12b and 12c. The same number of suction ports 12c as the suction hoppers 2b are provided.
[0020]
The exhaust port 12a is connected to a suction attachment 26 described later via an air duct 40b. The first intake port 12b is a hole for adjusting the suction amount of the intake port 12c. When the handle 13 is rotated, the slide damper 14 moves to open and close the intake port 12b, thereby sucking the intake port 12b. The amount can be increased or decreased.
[0021]
When the handle 13 in FIG. 2 is rotated and the slide damper 14 is moved to the right to close all the intake ports 12b, the suction force of the intake port 12c is maximized. The suction force is minimal.
[0022]
The second air inlet 12c is connected to the tip (portion A in FIG. 1) of the suction hopper 2b of the label remover in FIG. 1 via the air duct 40a. The same number of first damper devices 11 as the number of stages of the label separating mechanism 2 (three in the prototype) are provided, and a total of three intake lines are provided.
[0023]
That is, in this system, three first ducts are installed, and the three air lines can independently adjust the amount of suction, so the amount of air sucked from the suction hopper of the label separation mechanism is determined by the number of stages of the label separation mechanism. It can be adjusted for each.
[0024]
Therefore, the suction amount of the air line of each system can be adjusted so that the label removal rate becomes high. However, if the suction force is increased too much, a part of the waste plastic piece to be separated / recovered is sucked and removed together with the label piece, so that the recovery rate is lowered.
[0025]
FIG. 3 shows a view of the second damper device 21, the suction attachment 26, and the suction blower 27 as seen from the front. As shown in FIG. 3, the suction attachment 26 has four intake ports (26a to 26d) on one surface and an exhaust port (not shown) on the opposite surface. The central intake port 26d has a larger diameter than the other three (26a to 26c), the intake port 26d is connected to the slide damper 24, and the exhaust port is directly connected to the suction port 30 of the suction blower 27. .
[0026]
When the handle 23 is rotated and the slide damper 24 is moved downward to close all the intake ports 26d, the suction force of the intake ports 26a to 26c is maximized. The suction force of 26c is minimized. In this way, the suction air amount of all the air systems can be adjusted with one second duct.
[0027]
The suction attachment 26 plays a role of branching one suction blower 27 into a plurality of intake systems. Thus, a plurality of intake lines can be constructed with one blower.
[0028]
Further, as described above, the prototype has three stages of label removing mechanisms, and the label pieces that are not sucked in the first stage are sucked in the second stage or the third stage. In this way, it has been confirmed by experiments that the removal rate of the label pieces can be further increased by using a multi-stage label separation mechanism. If there are three or more stages, the removal rate will be further increased.
[0029]
The rotating plate 2a does not generate wind like a fan, and is completely different in structure, application, and function from an upper fan or a lower fan such as a conventional wind selector (see Patent Document 2). is there.
[0030]
The suction blower 27 is a device for generating a suction force, and includes a blower driving motor 28, a fan 29, an intake port 30, and an exhaust port 31 (see FIG. 3). When the motor 28 rotates the fan 29, air flows in the direction of the arrow indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4, and a suction force is generated in the suction hopper 2b. The exhaust port 31 and the suction port 33 of the cyclone 32 are connected by an air duct 40c. In the prototype, a motor 28 with a rated output of 5.5 kW, 4 poles and a rotation speed of 3600 revolutions per minute was used.
[0031]
The cyclone 32 is a device for separating the label pieces carried by a large amount of air from the air, and includes an intake port 33, an exhaust port 34, and an exhaust port 35. A swirling flow is generated inside the cyclone by the air containing the label pieces blown from the intake port 33, and the air becomes an ascending current and is discharged from the exhaust port 34 and the label pieces are discharged from the discharge port 35.
[0032]
According to experiments, the most important points for increasing the removal rate were the angle of the rotating plate and the rotating speed of the rotating plate. As described above, the rotating plate 2b has a substantially conical shape or a substantially frustoconical shape. However, according to experiments, it is preferable that the inclination angle θ between the horizontal line and the inclined line of the truncated cone is 30 ° to 40 °.
[0033]
The rotation speed of the rotating plate was the best when it was about 2000 revolutions per minute. In the prototype, the rated output of the motor for driving the rotating plate is 0.75 kW, the gear ratio (diameter ratio of the pulley on the motor side and the pulley on the shaft rod side) is 3: 1 to 5: 1, and the rotation speed is 3 to 5 times. In the prototype, the rotation speed of the rotating plate reached 2000 revolutions per minute.
[0034]
However, the numerical values of 30 ° and 40 ° themselves have no maritime significance, and generally only indicate that this range was empirically good. The same applies to the rotation speed of 2000 revolutions per minute. This is because they depend to some extent on the device, the type of the labeled raw material (size of flakes, etc.) and the like.
[0035]
In addition, the distance between the rotating plate 2a and the suction hopper 2b is also important so that the label pieces dispersed by the rotating plate are efficiently sucked from the suction hopper 2b. This may be optimized for each apparatus by appropriately adjusting the size and position of the rotating plate.
[0036]
When the first and second damper devices 11 and 21 are adjusted and the suction amount is maximized, flakes (raw materials) are recovered in the collection container by 90% to 95% with respect to the input amount, and labels and flakes are 10% to 5% was removed, and the label removal rate was 95% or more.
[0037]
When the first and second damper devices 11 and 21 are adjusted to minimize the suction amount, 95% to 98% of flakes (raw materials) are recovered in the recovery container, and 2% to 5% of the labels and flakes are removed. The label removal rate was 80% or more.
[0038]
In the recycling collection system of the present invention, various adjustments are possible using the two damper devices (11, 21), which is very convenient to use. However, if only the system is operated, there is at least one damper device. That's fine.
【The invention's effect】
The size of the label separation mechanism (L in Fig. 1) of the waste plastic piece recovery device of the prototype is 897mm, and the housing width (D) is 245mm, which is very compact compared to the conventional wind separator. Nevertheless, it was confirmed that the label removal rate achieved a recovery rate of 90% or more, and the label removal rate was significantly higher than before.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a waste plastic piece collecting device.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a first damper device;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a second damper device and an intake attachment.
FIG. 4 is an overall view of a waste plastic container recycling and recovery system according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating plate 2a Rotating plate 2b Suction hopper 2 Label separation mechanism 3 Case 9 Raw material input port 10 Collection container 11 First damper device 21 Second damper device 26 Suction attachment 27 Suction blower 32 Cyclone

Claims (2)

A label removing machine for separating the label pieces from the mixture of the waste plastic pieces and the label pieces crushed into flakes and recovering the waste plastic pieces, and an input port (9) for charging the labeled raw material; A housing (3) for receiving the mixture from the inlet and a collection container (10) for collecting waste plastic pieces are provided, and the housing is provided with an inclined angle θ between the housing and the horizontal direction in a substantially truncated cone shape. At least one label separating mechanism (2) comprising a rotating plate (2a) and a plurality of suction hoppers (2b) for label suction which are opened on the outer periphery of the casing wall surface around the rotating plate and connected to the intake system. A label remover comprising a plurality of stages or upper and lower stages. And according to claim 1, wherein the label-up machine, the first or second damper device (11, 21) or both for adjusting the amount of suction connected to the intake system to the suction hopper (2b), wherein A suction attachment (26) for branching the intake system into a plurality, a suction blower (27) connected to the intake system for generating a suction force, and a label piece carried together with air through the intake system is labeled as air A recycling and processing system for waste plastic containers, comprising a cyclone (32) for separation into pieces .

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