JP5241754B2 - Mixed waste plastic sorting equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for sorting pulverized mixed waste plastic into plastic and rubber.

  The Home Appliance Recycling Law was enacted in order to reduce the amount of waste and promote the effective use of resources by reusing useful resources contained in home appliance waste discharged from ordinary households and offices. In order to reuse waste as a resource, it is necessary to sort the collected waste by material.

  Plastic is one of the resources reused from household appliance waste. The collected home appliance waste is processed into a mixed waste plastic pulverized into flakes, mainly after manual dismantling. The mixed waste plastic becomes a reusable plastic resource by sorting out the foreign material such as rubber and hot melt and the plastic from the mixed waste plastic to obtain a high-purity plastic.

  Conventionally, an apparatus for sorting mixed waste plastic into plastic and rubber has been proposed. For example, a mixed waste plastic sorting device described in Patent Document 1 (paragraphs [0011]-[0012], FIG. 4) includes a rotating cylindrical or conical roller, and a partition plate parallel to the rotation axis of the roller. . When mixed waste plastic is dropped from above the roller and collides with the roller, the plastic has a smaller resilience and friction coefficient than rubber, so the plastic falls near the roller and the rubber is repelled far away from the roller. By providing a partition plate at an appropriate position according to the flight distance, the mixed waste plastic is sorted into plastic and rubber.

JP 2006-159048 A

  The higher the purity of the plastic selected from the mixed waste plastic, the higher the value of the selected plastic as a plastic resource. Therefore, it is desirable to have a technology that can select plastic and rubber from mixed waste plastic with high accuracy. However, in the conventional mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus, the plastic and rubber bounced by the roller collide with the mixed waste plastic falling from above, so that the rubber is not sufficiently bounced, resulting in poor sorting accuracy. There's a problem.

  In order to solve the above problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus capable of sorting plastic and rubber contained in mixed waste plastic with high accuracy.

The mixed waste plastic sorting device according to the present invention is a mixed waste plastic sorting device for sorting the pulverized mixed waste plastic into plastic and rubber, and has a surface with a different friction coefficient from each of plastic and rubber. A roller that rotates about a shaft, a tilting table that supplies the mixed waste plastic to the surface obliquely from above, a plastic recovery unit that is provided closer to the tilting table than a vertical plane that includes the shaft of the roller, A rubber recovery part provided on the opposite side of the tilt table via a vertical surface, an intermediate recovery part provided between the plastic recovery part and the rubber recovery part, and plastic and rubber struck on the surface A partition wall tip provided near the boundary of the flight distance, and a partition wall partitioning the intermediate recovery part and the rubber recovery part .

  The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to the present invention includes a roller having a surface having a different friction coefficient from each of plastic and rubber, and rotating about an axis. Rubber has a higher coefficient of friction and rebound than those of plastic. Therefore, the rubber that collides with the roller is not only repelled by the elasticity of the rubber, but is also repelled greatly in the parabolic direction toward the rotation direction of the roller due to the frictional force along the rotation direction of the roller. On the other hand, the plastic colliding with the roller has little frictional force with the roller, and therefore falls almost without being flipped or after being slightly flipped.

  As described above, since plastic and rubber behave differently after colliding with a roller, the plastic and rubber contained in the mixed waste plastic can be sorted into a rubber recovery part and a plastic recovery part, respectively.

  In addition, the mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to the present invention includes an inclined table for supplying the mixed waste plastic from diagonally above the roller. As a result, the rubber collides with the roller with a horizontal movement component, and the horizontal movement component is accelerated by a frictional force directed in the tangential direction of the roller at the collision position. Therefore, the rubber is blown off at high speed from the collision position with the roller, and the collision between the supplied mixed waste plastic and the rubber is reduced.

  Further, since the plastic falls without receiving much frictional force as described above, the direction in which the mixed waste plastic is supplied differs greatly from the direction in which the plastic moves after colliding with the roller. Therefore, the plastic after colliding with the roller hardly collides with the supplied mixed waste plastic. Even if the plastic after colliding with the roller collides with the supplied mixed waste plastic, most of the plastic after the collision naturally falls. Therefore, the impact of the collision between the plastic colliding with the roller and the mixed waste plastic supplied from the tilting table has a very limited influence on the behavior of the plastic supplied thereafter.

  Thus, the plastic and rubber after colliding with the roller are hardly affected by the supplied mixed waste plastic. Therefore, most of the rubber that collided with the roller is greatly bounced in the parabolic direction from the colliding portion with the roller in the direction of rotation of the roller, and most of the plastic that collided with the roller falls naturally from the colliding portion with the roller. As a result, it becomes possible to sort plastic and rubber with much higher accuracy than before.

It is a side view of the mixing waste plastics sorting device concerning Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the behavior before and behind rubber colliding with a roller. It is a figure for the behavior before and after a plastic collides with a roller. It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the tilting table which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the behavior of the plastics and rubber | gum after colliding with the roller at the time of arrange | positioning the supply end part of an inclination stand in a different position. It is the side view seen from the axial direction which shows the arrangement position of the supply end used for experiment. It is a figure which shows the collection | recovery rate of the rubber | gum in the rubber | gum collection | recovery part for every arrangement position of a supply end part. It is a figure which shows the collection | recovery rate of the plastic in the rubber | gum collection | recovery part for every arrangement position of a supply end part. It is the side view seen from the axial direction which shows the arrangement position of the partition front-end | tip part used for experiment. It is a figure which shows the collection | recovery rate of the rubber | gum in the rubber | gum collection | recovery part for every arrangement position of a partition front-end | tip part. It is a figure which shows the collection | recovery rate of the plastic in the rubber | gum collection | recovery part for every arrangement position of a partition front-end | tip part. It is a figure which shows the difference of a friction coefficient with each of a plastic and rubber | gum about the example of the material which can be applied to the surface member of a roller.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
The mixed waste plastic sorting device according to the present invention is a device for sorting mixed waste plastic as pulverized mixed waste into plastic and rubber contained therein.

  The mixed waste plastic is obtained by pulverizing a member containing plastic into, for example, flakes. The member is, for example, household electrical appliance waste discharged from a general household or the like, which is manually disassembled. Such mixed plastic waste includes plastic as a recycling resource and rubber as a foreign material. Plastic and rubber are sorted out by the mixed waste plastic sorting device, which makes it possible to reuse the plastic.

  In the embodiment, an example in which mixed waste plastic is sorted into plastic and rubber will be described. However, the present invention can be appropriately applied to an apparatus or method for sorting mixed waste into recycled resources and foreign substances contained therein. .

  FIG. 1 is a side view of a mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The up and down direction in FIG. 1 indicates the up and down direction of the apparatus, the left and right direction in FIG. 1 indicates the direction from the back to the front of the apparatus, and the vertical direction in FIG. 1 indicates the left and right direction of the apparatus.

  The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus 10 shown in the figure includes a cylindrical roller 16 that rotates about a horizontal fixed shaft 12 in the horizontal direction, and a mixed waste that is provided behind the shaft 12 and includes plastic 18 and rubber 20. And an inclined table 24a for supplying the plastic 22 to the roller 16.

  The roller 16 rotates at an appropriately set number of rotations in a direction 14 in which the upper surface located in the upper half faces from the rear to the front (clockwise in FIG. 1). The rotation of the roller 16 is realized, for example, by transmitting the power of an inverter-controlled motor (not shown).

The roller 16 has a coefficient of friction mu _r is different surfaces 26 of the friction coefficient mu _p and rubber 20 of the plastic 18. Towards the friction coefficient mu _r between the general surface 26 and the rubber 20 is greater than the friction coefficient mu _p between the surface 26 and the plastic 18. As the material of the roller 16, for example, a metal material, a resin material, or the like is used. Specifically, polyphenylene sulfide resin (PPS), nylon 6, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 6T, nylon 6I. , Nylon 9T, nylon M5T, nylon 612, polyacetal (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), polyethylene (PE), and polycarbonate (PC), or a combination thereof, or A material to which a binder, a regulator and the like are appropriately added as a main component is used.

  Next, the inclined base 24 a has an inclined surface 28 which is a plane through which the mixed waste plastic 22 flows, and a supply end portion 32 a provided in parallel with the shaft 12 near the roller 16. The supply end portion 32a supplies the mixed waste plastic 22 that has flowed to the roller 16 from the upper side (in the direction of the arrow 30a) to collide with the roller 16.

  The inclined base 24a supplies the mixed waste plastic 22 so that the collision part 34 forming a partial region of the surface 26 of the roller 16 with which the mixed waste plastic 22 collides becomes a part having a moving component directed upward and forward. . For this purpose, the supply end portion 32a is preferably disposed from the shaft 12 to the upper end of the roller 16 in the vertical direction and from the shaft 12 to the rear end of the roller 16 in the horizontal direction.

  Although details will be described later, by providing such a configuration, after the mixed waste plastic 22 collides with the roller 16, the plastic 18 slides down from the collision portion 34 of the roller 16, and the rubber 20 greatly increases forward at the collision portion 34. Be played. As a result, the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 contained in the mixed waste plastic 22 can be selected.

  The inclined surface 28 is preferably provided such that the inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal surface 36a is 30 ° to 60 °, thereby improving the accuracy of selection.

  The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus 10 further includes a plastic recovery unit 40 provided behind the vertical surface 38 including the shaft 12, and an intermediate recovery unit 46 and a rubber recovery unit 52 ahead of the vertical surface 38. The intermediate recovery unit 46 is provided between the rubber recovery unit 52 and the plastic recovery unit 40.

  The plastic recovery part 40 is a part mainly for recovering the plastic 18. The plastic recovery part 40 has a rear wall 42 that faces the roller 16, and is lower than the collision part 34 by the wall 42, the roller 16, and walls (not shown) provided at the left and right ends of the apparatus 10. In addition, a plastic recovery port 44 that opens upward is formed.

  The intermediate recovery part 46 is a part for recovering the mixed waste plastic 22 including the plastic 18 that has bounced from the collision part 34, the plastic 18 that has abnormal behavior such as the rubber 20 that has not played much at the collision part 34, and the rubber 20. is there.

  The intermediate recovery section 46 has a partition wall 48 that faces the roller 16, and the roller 16 rotates from the collision portion 34 by the partition wall 48, the roller 16, and walls (not shown) provided at the left and right ends of the apparatus 10. An intermediate recovery port 50 that opens toward a small parabolic direction toward the direction 14 is formed.

  The rubber recovery part 52 is a part mainly for recovering the rubber 20. The rubber recovery unit 52 has a partition wall 48 and a wall 54 in front of the partition wall 48, and the collision portion 34 is formed by the wall 54, the partition wall 48, and walls (not shown) provided at the left and right ends of the apparatus 10. A rubber recovery port 56 that opens toward a large parabolic direction toward the rotation direction 14 of the roller 16 is formed.

  Each of the plastic recovery unit 40, the intermediate recovery unit 46, and the rubber recovery unit 52 communicates with the recovery ports 44, 50, and 56, and recovers the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 that have passed through the recovery ports 44, 50, and 56. For this purpose, a plastic recovery path 58, an intermediate recovery path 60, and a rubber recovery path 62 are formed.

  As can be seen from FIG. 1 and the above description, the partition wall 48 is a member that partitions the intermediate recovery path 60 and the rubber recovery path 62. In the present embodiment, the partition 48 is shared by the intermediate recovery section 46 and the rubber recovery section 52. Provided. The partition wall 48 has a partition wall front end portion 64 disposed to face the roller 16. The partition wall tip 64 is preferably provided in the vicinity of the boundary of the flying distance between the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 struck by the collision part 34 in order to improve the accuracy of sorting the rubber 20 into the rubber recovery part 52. It has a shape that becomes thinner.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the front wall 54 of the rubber recovery part 52 is provided so as to cover the upper part of the intermediate recovery part 46 and the rubber recovery port 56. A scattering prevention unit 66 is provided to prevent the scattering port 56 from scattering forward. The scattering prevention unit 66 makes it possible to collect the rubber 20 that has been greatly bounced without missing it. Further, the scattering preventing part 66 is installed at a high position sufficiently away from the surface 26 of the roller 16 so that the rubber bounced at the collision part 34 does not collide with the scattering preventing part 66 and the traveling direction is changed. .

  The operation of the mixed waste plastic sorting device 10 having such a configuration and the principle of sorting the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 from the mixed waste plastic 22 by the device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. .

  The mixed waste plastic 22 flows on the inclined surface 28 of the inclined base 24a and is continuously supplied to the roller 16 from the supply end portion 32a. At this time, both the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 move toward the collision portion 34 in substantially the same direction and speed indicated by the arrow 30a in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the plastic 18 and the rubber contained in the mixed waste plastic 22. Each 20 collides with a collision portion 34.

  The plastic 18 and the rubber 20 that have collided with the collision portion 34 change the moving direction under the action of frictional force and elastic force with the roller 16. Here, both the coefficient of friction and the coefficient of restitution are larger between the value between the rubber 20 and the surface 26 of the roller 16 than between the plastic 18 and the surface 26 of the roller 16.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the rubber 20 that has collided with the roller 16 receives a large frictional force 70 a directed in the rotational direction 14 (tangential direction) of the position 68 a that actually collided in the collision portion 34. Therefore, the horizontal movement component of the rubber 20 supplied from the inclined base 24a is accelerated by the frictional force 70a. Further, since the rubber 20 has elasticity, it is repelled by the roller 16 in the direction of the arrow 72a. The rubber 20 that has collided with the roller 16 moves according to the action of gravity in accordance with a large parabolic trajectory from the colliding portion 34 in the rotation direction 14 of the roller 16 or a trajectory close thereto.

  Thus, in the case of the rubber 20, most of the material supplied to the collision portion 34 moves at high speed due to friction and elasticity with the roller 16. Further, there is a large angle difference between the moving direction 72a of the rubber 20 colliding with the roller 16 and the feeding direction 30a of the mixed waste plastic 22. Therefore, the rubber 20 that collides with the roller 16 hardly collides with the mixed waste plastic 22 supplied. As a result, most of the rubber 20 that has collided with the roller 16 moves from the colliding portion 34 in accordance with the large parabolic locus or a locus close thereto.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the plastic 18 that has collided with the roller 16 hardly receives the frictional force 70b, and is hardly struck by the roller 16 or only slightly struck. Therefore, the plastic 18 that has collided with the roller 16 moves according to the action of gravity according to a locus that naturally falls in the direction indicated by the arrow 72b from the collision portion 34 or a locus close thereto.

  Thus, in the case of the plastic 18, most of the material supplied to the collision part 34 slides down from the collision part 34. The angle difference between the moving direction 72b of the plastic 18 that has collided with the roller 16 and the supply direction 30a of the mixed waste plastic 22 is large. Therefore, the mixed waste plastic 22 and the plastic 18 to be supplied hardly collide with each other. Further, even if the plastic 18 that collides with the roller 16 collides with the mixed waste plastic 22 supplied from the inclined base 24a, most of the plastic 18 after the collision naturally falls. For this reason, the influence of the collision between the plastic 18 colliding with the roller 16 and the mixed waste plastic 22 supplied from the inclined table 24a on the behavior of the plastic 18 thereafter is extremely limited. As a result, most of the plastic 18 that has collided with the roller 16 slides down from the colliding portion 34.

  Thus, since the rubber 20 bounced at the collision portion 34 is bounced in a large parabolic direction toward the rotation direction 14 of the roller 16, the rubber 20 passes through the rubber collection port 56 and is collected by the rubber collection unit 52. Further, since the plastic 18 that collides with the collision part 34 generally falls naturally, it passes through the plastic recovery port 44 provided below the collision part 34 and is recovered by the plastic recovery part 40.

  However, not all the rubber 20 receives a large frictional force or is greatly repelled by the roller 16. Some rubber 20 does not play or does not play very much. Similarly, some plastic 18 may be repelled.

  There are various causes for such an abnormal behavior of the plastic 18 or the rubber 20. For example, the state of the pulverized product at the time of supply such that the crushed plastic 18 and the rubber 20 become a lump when supplied from the inclined base 24a, the shape and size of the crushed individual plastic 18 and rubber 20, etc. Or, they interact with each other, and it is considered that the abnormal behavior of the plastic 18 or the rubber 20 occurs.

  The plastic 18 and the rubber 20 that have behaved abnormally are recovered by the intermediate recovery part 46 through the intermediate recovery port 50. In particular, the partition wall tip 64 of the partition wall 48 is provided in the vicinity of the boundary of the flying distance between the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 struck by the collision portion 34 and has a shape that becomes thinner toward the tip. Therefore, most of the plastic 18 that behaves abnormally is collected by the intermediate collection unit 46. As a result, the ratio of the rubber 20 to the total amount collected by the rubber collecting unit 52 increases, and the rubber 20 is sorted with high accuracy and collected by the rubber collecting unit 52.

  As described so far, according to the mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 contained in the mixed waste plastic 22 are respectively converted into the plastic recovery unit 40 and the rubber recovery unit 52. Can be sorted and collected. In the mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus 10, the behavior of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 after colliding with the roller 16 is hardly affected by the supplied mixed waste plastic 22. Therefore, the mixed waste plastic sorting device 10 can sort the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 with much higher accuracy than before.

  As mentioned above, although Embodiment 1 of this invention was demonstrated, this Embodiment is not limited to this.

  For example, on the inclined surface 28 of the inclined base 24a, as shown in FIG. 4, there is preferably provided a rectifying plate 76 for stably supplying the flake-shaped mixed waste plastic 22 to the roller 16 in the same direction. It is done. The rectifying plate 76 is, for example, a flat plate that is erected so that its length direction is along the inclination direction of the inclined surface 28. The rectifying plate 76 can reduce the abnormal behavior of the plastic 18 or the rubber 20 and can improve the accuracy of sorting.

  Further, for example, in the present embodiment, the shaft 12 is provided horizontally, but the shaft 12 is not limited to horizontal, and may be appropriately inclined so as to improve the accuracy of sorting. In addition, although the supply end portion 32a is provided in parallel with the shaft 12, the supply end portion 32a may be appropriately inclined in a direction different from the shaft 12 so as to improve the selection accuracy.

Further, for example, the friction coefficient μ _p between the surface 26 of the roller 16 and the plastic and the friction coefficient μ _r between the rubber are preferably the difference μ _r −μ _p , preferably the friction coefficients μ _p , μ between the stainless steel and the surface 26. larger than the difference mu _r - [mu] _p of _r (see FIG. 12), and more preferably as long as 0.3 or more. Thereby, the accuracy of sorting can be improved. The material described in the first embodiment is a specific example in which the friction coefficient difference μ _r −μ _p is 0.3 or more.

  Further, for example, the rollers 16 may be provided in multiple stages so that each of the mixture of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 collected in the collection units 40, 46, and 52 is sorted again. Thereby, the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 that behave abnormally can be accurately selected, and the reuse rate of the plastic 18 can be improved.

  Providing the rollers 16 in multiple stages is effective, for example, when the ratio of the amount of the plastic 18 to the total amount collected in the plastic collection unit 40 is equal to or less than a target value. The amount here is weight, volume, etc., and may be appropriately selected.

  The re-selection is also effective, for example, when there is a large amount of plastic 18 that is bounced by the roller 16 and collected in the intermediate collection unit 46. In this case, the mixed waste plastic recovered in the intermediate recovery unit 46 may be sorted again, or may be sorted again together with the plastics collected in the plastic recovery unit 40. This makes it possible to improve the plastic reuse rate.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the apparatus having the same configuration as the mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment, the position of the supply end 32a of the inclined base 24a, the position of the partition wall tip 64 of the partition wall 48, and the material of the roller 16 are appropriately selected. As a result, the sorting accuracy can be further improved. In the present embodiment, these desirable modes will be described.

(Position of the supply end portion 32a of the inclined base 24a)
As described in the first embodiment, the supply end portion 32a is disposed from the shaft 12 to the upper end of the roller 16 in the vertical direction and from the shaft 12 to the rear end of the roller 16 in the horizontal direction. By appropriately arranging the supply end portion 32a, the accuracy of sorting can be improved. The reason will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 schematically shows the behavior of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 when the supply end portions 32b and 32c of the inclined bases 24b and 24c are disposed below and rearward within the above-mentioned range and when they are disposed above and forward. FIG.

  When the supply end 32b of the inclined base 24b is arranged downward and rearward, that is, close to the shaft 12 of the roller 16 in the vertical direction and close to the rear end of the roller 16 in the horizontal direction, the plastic 18 It falls in the direction of arrow 78. However, the direction of the frictional force acting on the rubber 20 has a larger vertical upward component and a smaller horizontal rear component. Therefore, the rubber 20 that has collided with the roller 16 is greatly bounced vertically upward, and is not repelled so much forward in the horizontal direction, and moves in the direction of the arrow 80 in FIG.

  In this case, when viewed from the axial direction, as indicated by arrows 30 b and 80 in FIG. 5, a direction 30 b in which the mixed waste plastic 22 is supplied from the inclined base 24 b and a moving direction 80 of the rubber 20 that has collided with the roller 16. The angle difference becomes smaller. Therefore, the collision between the mixed waste plastic 22 supplied from the inclined base 24b and the rubber 20 after colliding with the roller 16 increases.

  In this way, when the supply end portion 32b is disposed downward and rearward, the impacted rubber 20 is not repelled so much forward, or the movement is hindered by the supplied mixed waste plastic 22, and the plastic recovery portion. Things that fall to 40 will increase. As a result, the rubber 20 collected in the plastic collection unit 40 increases, and the accuracy of selecting the plastic 18 is deteriorated.

  On the other hand, when the supply end portion 32c of the inclined base 24c is arranged upward and forward, that is, close to the upper end of the roller 16 in the vertical direction and close to the shaft 12 of the roller 16 in the horizontal direction. As shown by the arrow 82 in FIG. 5, the rubber 20 that has collided with the roller 16 can be flipped forward. However, the plastic 18 moves more forward (in the direction of the arrow 84) due to the frictional force with the roller 16 or the collision with the supplied mixed waste plastic 22. Therefore, the plastic 18 collected in the rubber collection unit 52 is increased, and the accuracy of sorting the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 is deteriorated.

  As can be seen from the two examples described so far, in order to improve the accuracy of sorting, it is necessary to arrange the supply end portions 32b and 32c of the inclined bases 24b and 24c below, behind and above the roller 16 and forward. This is not preferable, and an appropriate arrangement position of the supply end portion 32a is between the two.

  Based on such an idea, the arrangement position of the supply end portion 32a capable of high-precision sorting was verified by experiments.

  FIG. 6 is a side view showing the position where the supply end portion 32a of the tilt base 24a is arranged in the experiment, as viewed from the axial direction. FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams showing the results of measuring the recovery rate of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 in the rubber recovery unit 52 when the supply end portion 32a is arranged at each arrangement position shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 6, the supply end in the coordinate system in which the axis 12 of the roller 16 is the origin, the distance H in the upward direction and the distance L in the backward direction are made dimensionless by the radius R of the roller 16 are the vertical axis and the horizontal axis, respectively. The arrangement position of the part 32a is shown. Each square shown in FIG. 6 indicates an arrangement position. For example, in the arrangement position 86, the supply end portion 32a is arranged at (L / R, H / R) = (0.95, 0.85). Indicates.

  In the experiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the supply end portion 32 a is arranged from the shaft 12 to the upper end of the roller 16 in the vertical direction and from the shaft 12 to the vicinity of the rear end of the roller 16 in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the arrangement position of the supply end portion 32a is expressed by 0.55 ≦ L / R ≦ 1.05 and 0.45 ≦ H / R ≦ 0.95 excluding the portion occupied by the roller 16. The area was set at intervals of L / R = 0.1 and H / R = 0.1. In the experiment, the recovery rate of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 in the rubber recovery unit 52 when the mixed waste plastic 22 is supplied from the inclined base 24a in which the supply end portion 32a is disposed at each position is measured (see FIG. 7 and FIG. 7). (See FIG. 8).

  The recovery rate of the plastic 18 in the rubber recovery unit 52 (hereinafter also referred to as the recovery rate of the plastic 18) is the weight of the plastic 18 recovered in the rubber recovery unit 52 with respect to the weight of the plastic 18 included in the mixed waste plastic 22. It was measured by the ratio. Further, the recovery rate of the rubber 20 in the rubber recovery unit 52 (hereinafter also referred to as the recovery rate of the rubber 20) is the rubber 20 recovered by the rubber recovery unit 52 with respect to the weight of the rubber 20 included in the mixed waste plastic 22. It was measured by the weight ratio.

  As can be seen from FIG. 7, the recovery rate of the rubber 20 tends to increase as the supply end portion 32 a moves upward and forward of the roller 16. Further, as can be seen from FIG. 8, the recovery rate of the plastic 18 tends to increase as the supply end portion 32 a moves upward and forward of the roller 16, similarly to the recovery rate of the rubber 20.

  This is because the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 are repelled forward by the frictional force with the roller 16 and the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 colliding with the roller 16 are supplied as the supply end portion 32a moves upward and forward of the roller 16. This is probably because the collision with the mixed waste plastic 22 decreases, and the more they go downward and backward, the more reverse.

  From the experimental results shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, it has been confirmed that the supply end portion 32a of the inclined base 24a is preferably disposed below and behind the roller 16 and not too close to the front, in the middle of both. . Further, the optimum position of the supply end portion 32a that can be selected with high accuracy is a position where the recovery rate of the rubber 20 is large and the recovery rate of the plastic 18 is small. It can be seen that the position satisfies 55 ≦ H / R ≦ 0.85, 0.85 ≦ L / R ≦ 0.95.

  By disposing the supply end portion 32a of the inclined base 24a at such a position, the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 after colliding with the roller 16 can move without being obstructed by the mixed waste plastic 22, and are sorted. Accuracy can be improved.

(Position of partition wall tip 64 of partition wall 48)
As described in the first embodiment, the partition wall tip 64 of the partition wall 48 is provided in the vicinity of the boundary of the flight distance between the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 struck by the collision portion 34. By appropriately disposing the partition wall tip 64 of the partition wall 48, the plastic 18 recovered in the rubber recovery part 52 is reduced, and the accuracy of selecting the rubber 20 can be improved. The arrangement position of the partition wall tip 64 capable of high-precision sorting was verified by experiments.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view in the axial direction showing the position where the partition wall tip 64 of the partition wall 48 is arranged in the experiment. 10 and 11 are diagrams showing the results of measuring the recovery rate of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 in the rubber recovery part 52 when the partition wall tip 64 is arranged at each arrangement position shown in FIG.

  FIG. 9 is a coordinate system in which the direction of the horizontal axis is different from that in FIG. 6, and the axis 12 of the roller 16 is the origin, the distance H in the upward direction, and the distance L in the forward direction are made dimensionless by the radius R of the roller 16. The arrangement position of the partition wall tip 64 in the coordinate system with the vertical axis and the horizontal axis respectively. Each square shown in FIG. 9 indicates the arrangement position of the partition wall tip 64. For example, the layout position 88 is (L / R, H / R) = (0.85, 0.95). 64 is arranged.

  In the experiment, as shown in FIG. 9, a partition wall tip 64 is disposed from the shaft 12 to the vicinity of the upper end of the roller 16 in the vertical direction and from the shaft 12 to the front end of the roller 16 in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the arrangement position of the partition wall tip 64 is expressed by 0.35 ≦ L / R ≦ 0.85 and 0.65 ≦ H / R ≦ 1.05 excluding the portion occupied by the roller 16. The area was set at intervals of L / R = 0.1 and H / R = 0.1. In the experiment, the recovery rate of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 in the rubber recovery unit 52 when the partition wall tip 64 was disposed at each position was measured (see FIGS. 10 and 11).

  The recovery rates of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 are the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively, and are recovered in the rubber recovery unit 52 with respect to the weight of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 included in the mixed waste plastic 22. It is the ratio of the weight of the plastic 18 and rubber 20 to be made.

  The arrangement position of the partition wall tip 64 capable of high-precision sorting is in the vicinity of the boundary between the distances of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 struck by the collision portion 34, that is, the recovery rate of the rubber 20 is large, and the plastic. This is the position where the recovery rate of 18 becomes small. It can be seen from FIGS. 10 and 11 that the position of the partition wall tip 64 is a position satisfying 0.75 ≦ H / R ≦ 0.85, 0.65 ≦ L / R ≦ 0.75.

  By disposing the partition wall tip 64 at such a position, even if the plastic 18 that has collided with the roller 16 bounces forward of the roller 16, most of such plastic 18 is in the intermediate recovery portion. Therefore, the rubber 20 can be accurately sorted and collected in the rubber collecting unit 52.

(Material of roller 16)
As described in the first embodiment, the material of the roller 16 is a metal, a resin material, or the like. For example, metal is desirable from the viewpoint that even if the mixed waste plastic 22 supplied from the inclined base 24a collides continuously, it is difficult to cause significant wear and deformation.

Further, as the friction coefficient mu _p of the roller 16 and the plastic 18 is small, while the proportion of plastic 18 increases slip off without being repelled after having collided with the roller 16, a large friction coefficient mu _r between the roller 16 and the rubber 20 As a result, the proportion of rubber that is greatly repelled by the frictional force with the roller 16 increases. Therefore, the friction coefficient mu _p between each and the roller of the plastic 18 and the rubber _20, as the difference mu _r - [mu] _p of mu _r is large, the accuracy of the sorting can be enhanced. From this point of view, the roller 16, the friction coefficient mu _p, mu difference mu _r - [mu] _p is greater material _r and each of the plastic 18 and rubber 20, for example, a resin material is preferable.

As shown in FIG. 6, the roller 16 of the present embodiment includes a columnar member 90 made of a metal material, and a surface member 92 that covers the columnar member 90 and forms the surface 26 of the roller 16. Surface member 92 is made of a friction coefficient mu _p, mu difference mu _r - [mu] _p is greater material _r and each of the plastic 18 and rubber 20, of the curved surface of the cylindrical member 90, mixed waste plastic 22 collides collide Cover at least the portion 34. The surface member 92 is provided by, for example, laminating or coating the cylindrical member 90.

Here, FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the difference μ _r −μ _p between the friction coefficients μ _p and μ _r with respect to the plastic 18 and the rubber 20, with respect to examples of materials applicable to the surface member 92 of the roller 16. The vertical axis in FIG. 12 indicates the difference between the friction coefficients μ _p and μ _r of the plastic 18 and the rubber 20 and the surface member 92 μ _r −μ _p , and the horizontal axis indicates the type of material applicable to the surface member 92. Show.

As can be seen from FIG. 12, each of polyphenylene sulfide resin (PPS), nylon 11, polyacetal (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), polyethylene (PE), and polycarbonate (PC), and surface member 92 friction coefficient mu _p, towards the difference mu _r - [mu] _p of mu _r is the friction coefficient between stainless steel and the surface member 92 mu _p, greater than the difference mu _r - [mu] _p of mu _r.

  Therefore, by using any one of PPS, nylon 11, POM, ABS, PE, and PC as the material of the surface member 92, the plastic after colliding with the roller 16 is better than the case of using stainless steel as the material of the surface member 92. A large difference occurs between the behaviors of the rubber 18 and the rubber 20, and the accuracy of sorting can be improved.

The material applicable to the surface member 92 listed here is only a specific example, and the difference μ _r −μ _p between the friction coefficient μ _p and μ _r with the surface member 92 is different between the stainless steel and the surface member 92. friction coefficient mu _p, may be larger than the difference mu _r - [mu] _p of mu _r, preferably may be at least 0.3. As a result, the accuracy of sorting can be improved as described above. Examples of such materials include nylon 6, nylon 12, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 6T, nylon 6I, nylon 9T, nylon M5T, nylon 612, and the like in addition to the materials shown in FIG. In addition, the material of the surface member 92 may be a mixture of any of the listed materials. The material of the surface member 92 or the roller 16 may include an improvement in sorting accuracy and the length of the surface member 92. For the purpose of extending the service life, a material obtained by combining one or more of the above-listed materials or other materials as a main component and appropriately added with a binder, a regulator or the like may be used.

  As described above, the roller 16 includes the metal cylindrical member 90 and the surface member 92 made of resin such as PPS, so that it is possible to reduce wear and deformation of the roller 16 and to improve the accuracy of sorting. become.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to each embodiment, For example, the form with which the element of each embodiment was combined in the range which does not contradict is included.

10 Mixed Waste Plastic Sorting Device, 12 Axis, 14 Rotation Direction, 16 Roller, 18 Plastic, 20 Rubber, 22 Mixed Waste Plastic, 24a, 24b, 24c Tilting Table, 26 Surface, 28 Tilted Surface, 32a, 32b, 32c Supply End 34, collision part, 38 vertical surface, 40 plastic recovery part, 44 plastic recovery port, 46 intermediate recovery part, 48 partition, 50 intermediate recovery port, 52 rubber recovery part, 56 rubber recovery port, 64 partition tip, 66 scattering Prevention part, 76 Current plate, 90 Cylinder member, 92 Surface member

Claims (12)

A mixed waste plastic sorting device for sorting pulverized mixed waste plastic into plastic and rubber,
A roller having a surface with a different coefficient of friction with each of plastic and rubber and rotating about an axis;
An inclined table for supplying the mixed waste plastic to the surface obliquely from above;
A plastic recovery part provided on the inclined base side with respect to a vertical plane including the axis of the roller;
A rubber recovery unit provided on the opposite side of the tilt table via the vertical surface ;
An intermediate recovery unit provided between the plastic recovery unit and the rubber recovery unit;
A partition wall tip provided near the boundary of the plastic and rubber flight distance bounced on the surface;
A mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus comprising a partition wall that partitions the intermediate recovery unit and the rubber recovery unit . The tilting table supplies the mixed waste plastic to a part of the surface having an upward moving component,
The plastic recovery part has a plastic recovery port provided below a collision part where the mixed waste plastic of the roller collides,
The rubber recovery unit, mixing waste plastic sorting apparatus according to 請 Motomeko 1 that have a rubber recovery port provided from the collision portion parabola direction toward the rotation direction of the roller. Axis of the roller, mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to 請 Motomeko 1 or claim 2 Ru horizontal der. The ramp has a supply end located near the roller;
The feed end is at a position between the vertical direction from the axis of the roller of the upper end of the roller, 請 Motomeko in the horizontal direction that will be placed at a position between the rear end of the roller from the axis of the roller The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. In the vertical plane, the supply end portion has a vertical distance H1 between the roller shaft and the supply end portion, and a horizontal distance between the roller shaft and the supply end portion L1. If the radius is R,
0.55 ≦ H1 / R ≦ 0.85,0.85 mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to ≦ L1 / R ≦ 0.95 請 Motomeko 4 that will be placed in a position that satisfies. The partition tip has a vertical distance H2 between the roller shaft and the partition tip on the vertical plane, a horizontal distance L2 between the roller shaft and the partition tip, and a radius of the roller. Is R,
  The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 1, which is disposed at a position satisfying 0.75 ≦ H2 / R ≦ 0.85, 0.65 ≦ L2 / R ≦ 0.75. The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a material of the roller is a material having a friction coefficient difference of 0.3 or more with respect to each of plastic and rubber. The rollers are made of polyphenylene sulfide resin (PPS), nylon 6, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 6T, nylon 6I, nylon 9T, nylon M5T, nylon 612, polyacetal (POM), acrylonitrile butadiene. The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein one or a combination of styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), polyethylene (PE), and polycarbonate (PC) is combined. The roller has a metal column member and a surface member covering the curved surface of the column member,
The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the material of the surface member is a material having a difference in friction coefficient between plastic and rubber of 0.3 or more. The roller has a metal column member and a surface member covering the curved surface of the column member,
The material of the surface member is polyphenylene sulfide resin (PPS), nylon 6, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 6T, nylon 6I, nylon 9T, nylon M5T, nylon 612, polyacetal (POM), acrylonitrile. It contains a butadiene styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), polyethylene (PE), and polycarbonate (PC) as a main component, and further includes a binder, a regulator, or a binder and a regulator. The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to claim 9, comprising: The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising a scattering prevention unit that covers an upper portion of the rubber recovery unit. The mixed waste plastic sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a baffle plate standing on the inclined surface of the inclined table along the inclination direction of the inclined surface.

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