CN114532503B - Red apple and cherry plum composition and application thereof in reducing blood fat - Google Patents

Red apple and cherry plum composition and application thereof in reducing blood fat Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114532503B
CN114532503B CN202011347456.7A CN202011347456A CN114532503B CN 114532503 B CN114532503 B CN 114532503B CN 202011347456 A CN202011347456 A CN 202011347456A CN 114532503 B CN114532503 B CN 114532503B
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red
cherry
apple
pulp
extract
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CN114532503A (en
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沈妍
张正方
韩铨
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Zhejiang Yangshengtang Institute of Natural Medication Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Yangshengtang Institute of Natural Medication Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011347456.7A priority Critical patent/CN114532503B/en
Priority to TW110143890A priority patent/TWI801004B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/132961 priority patent/WO2022111551A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/01—Instant products; Powders; Flakes; Granules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
    • A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
    • A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
    • A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
    • A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G3/364—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
    • A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
    • A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G3/48—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A23L21/10—Marmalades; Jams; Jellies; Other similar fruit or vegetable compositions; Simulated fruit products
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    • A61K31/201—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having a carboxyl group bound to a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. stearic, palmitic, arachidic acids having one or two double bonds, e.g. oleic, linoleic acids
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of foods and medicines, in particular to a red-pulp apple and cherry plum composition with a blood fat reducing effect, wherein the weight ratio of the red-pulp apple to the cherry plum is 1:10-10:1. The zebra fish and mouse animal experiments show that the red-meat apple and cherry plum composition has a synergistic effect in the aspect of blood lipid reducing effect, and the blood lipid reducing effect of the composition is superior to that of the red-meat apple or cherry plum singly. The product forms of the red apple and cherry plum composition comprise fruit juice, jam, freeze-dried powder, oral liquid products, capsules, tablets and the like. The combination of the red apple and cherry plum composition and the medicine also has a certain synergistic effect.

Description

Red apple and cherry plum composition and application thereof in reducing blood fat
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of foods and medicines, in particular to a red-meat apple and cherry plum composition and application thereof in reducing blood fat.
Background
Blood lipid refers to lipids contained in plasma or serum, including cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids, and the like. Plasma is more than normal in one or more lipids due to abnormal fat metabolism or operation, and is called hyperlipidemia.
The main medicines for clinically reducing blood fat are statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid and the like. The statin drugs can obviously reduce the total cholesterol and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, also reduce the triglyceride level and slightly raise the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and are the most-used lipid-lowering drugs at present, but the most common adverse reaction of the statin drugs is damage to the liver and muscles. The most common adverse reaction of fibrates and nicotinic acids is the gastrointestinal reaction.
The incidence rate of dyslipidemia in China is high, and the tendency of gradual rise is also realized. The guidelines for prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia of chinese adults (revision of 2016) indicate that the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia of chinese adults is as high as 40.4%. Wherein the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia is 4.9%, the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia is 13.1%, and the prevalence of low density lipoprotein cholesterol elevation is 33.9%. The national cardiovascular disease center statistics show that the number of dyslipidemia in China is over 4 hundred million. In modern medicine, although there are various lipid-lowering drugs, many of them have side effects and have unstable curative effects, so it is necessary to find natural resources with good effects and no side effects for preventing and treating dyslipidemia diseases.
Red apple (Malus neidzwetzkyana Dieck) is a plant of the genus Malus (Malus Mill) of the family Rosaceae (Rosaceae), the flesh of which is red, the colour of the fruit being mainly caused by the accumulation of anthocyanins. There are numerous red apple varieties throughout the world, such as the Hong Xun series of Xinjiang, robert Crab in the United states, ruby sweet in Japan, red love (Redlove) in Switzerland, etc. The red-meat apples have different colors of flowers, branches and leaves, sizes of fruits, coloring degrees, mouthfeel, flavor and the like. Xinjiang red apples have an important role in the origin of red fruit malus plants.
Cherry plum (Prunus CERASIFERA EHRHART), commonly known as wild plum, genus Prunus of Rosaceae, is the original wild fruit of extremely precious, rare and endangered extinct in the world. According to the records of Chinese Tree Saint and the examination of national wild plant institute, the wild cherry plum is only found to survive in the western part of mountain in Tianshan mountain Xinjiang and Gaojia, small western Asia mountain, and the wild resources are very rare. Cherry plum fruits have a long eating history in Xinjiang areas of China, and Kazak and Mongolian herlands living in Tianshan Daxigou mainly eat beef and mutton, but few people suffering from hyperlipidemia and hypertension in the crowd are involved in the use habit of picking wild cherry plums for a long time to prepare jam or sun-drying fruits to make tea. Cherry plums comprise a plurality of varieties, and mainly comprise black fruits, red fruits, purple black fruits, yellow fruits and the like according to colors.
The red apples and cherries Li Fuhan have a plurality of amino acids, vitamins, minerals and functional components such as anthocyanin, polyphenol, flavonoid and the like, and have higher development value. However, the current research is still limited, mainly focused on chemical components and oxidation resistance, and is still in the preliminary research stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor of the application discovers that the combination of red-fleshed apples (or red-fleshed apple extracts) and cherry plums (or cherry plums extracts) has a synergistic effect in reducing blood fat after a great deal of experimental research.
To this end, in a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a composition comprising:
a first component which is red-fleshed apples or red-fleshed apple extract; and
And a second component, wherein the second component is cherry plum or cherry plum extract.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the first component to the second component is from 1:10 to 10:1 (e.g., 1:5-10:1,1:2-10:1,1:1-10:1,1:10-5:1,1:5-5:1,1:2-5:1,1:1-5:1,1:10-2:1,1:5-2:1,1:2-2:1,1:1-2:1,1:10-1:1,1:5-1:1,1:2-1:1,1:10-5:1,1:10-2:1,1:10-1:1,1:5-10:1,1:5-5:1,1:5-2:1,1:5-1:1,1:2-10:1,1:2-5:1,1:2-2:1,1:2-1:1,1:1-10:1,1:1-5:1,1:1-2:1,, specifically 1:5,1:2,1:1,2:1, 5:1).
In some embodiments, the red pulp apple extract is obtained by one of the following extraction modes: leaching extraction, enzymolysis ultrasonic extraction, ultra-high pressure extraction, subcritical extraction or other extraction modes.
In some embodiments, the cherry plum extract is obtained by one of the following extraction modes: leaching extraction, enzymolysis ultrasonic extraction, ultra-high pressure extraction, subcritical extraction or other extraction modes.
In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a fresh fruit, juice, jam, fruit powder (e.g., lyophilized powder), candy (e.g., tabletted candy), oral liquid, capsule, tablet, dried fruit, preserved fruit, wine, or pastry, or the like. In other words, the composition may be in the form of a product such as fresh fruit, juice, jam, fruit powder (e.g., lyophilized powder), candy (e.g., tabletted candy), oral liquid, capsule, tablet, dried fruit, preserved fruit, fruit wine, or pastry. That is, the composition may be formulated into fresh fruit, fruit juice, jam, fruit powder (e.g., lyophilized powder), candy (e.g., tabletted candy), oral liquid, capsule, tablet, dried fruit, preserved fruit, fruit wine, cake, etc.
In some embodiments, the composition is in the form of a medicament (e.g., a traditional Chinese medicine, a Chinese patent medicine, etc.), a general food, or a health food. In other words, the composition can be made into medicines (such as traditional Chinese medicines, chinese patent medicines and the like), common foods or health foods.
In some embodiments, the red-fleshed apples refer to fruits of plants of the genus malus of the family rosaceae whose flesh is red.
In some embodiments, the red-fleshed apples are selected from: hong Xun 1 (Red medal No. 1), hong Xun (Red medal No. 3), hong Xun (Red medal No. 6), grass, dairy, red love, roberts Crab, red dream, ruby sweet, etc.
In some embodiments, the cherry Li Xuanzi cherry Li Gongguo, cherry Li Heiguo, cherry Li Ziguo, cherry Li Zihei fruit, cherry Li Huangguo, and the like.
In a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides a combination product comprising:
A first product which is the aforementioned composition;
And a second product, wherein the second product is a medicament for preventing and/or treating the blood lipid diseases.
In some embodiments, the lipid disorder is selected from the group consisting of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, mixed hyperlipidemia, low-high density lipoproteinemia.
In some embodiments, the agent for preventing and/or treating a lipid disorder is selected from atorvastatin, simvastatin, rosuvastatin, niacin, fenofibrate, linoleic acid, omega-fatty acids, ezetimibe, and the like.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the first product to the second product (e.g., rosuvastatin or fenofibrate) is 1000:0.025-1000:2 (e.g. 1000:0.025、1000:0.05、1000:0.06、1000:0.07、1000:0.08、1000:0.09、1000:0.1、1000:0.2、1000:0.25、1000:0.3、1000:0.4、1000:0.5、1000:0.6、1000:0.7、1000:0.8、1000:0.9、1000:1、1000:1.5、1000:2; or e.g. 1000:0.05-1000:1; or e.g. 1000:0.05-1000:0.1, in particular e.g. 1000:0.05, 1000:0.06, 1000:0.07, 1000:0.08, 1000:0.09, 1000:0.1; or e.g. 1000:0.5-1000:1, in particular e.g. 1000:0.5, 1000:0.6, 1000:0.7, 1000:0.8, 1000:0.9, 1000:1).
In some embodiments, when the second product is rosuvastatin, the weight ratio of the first product to the second product is 1000:0.025-1000:0.2 (e.g., 1000:0.025, 1000:0.05, 1000:0.06, 1000:0.07, 1000:0.08, 1000:0.09, 1000:0.1, 1000:0.2, or, e.g., 1000:0.05-1000:0.1, specifically, 1000:0.05, 1000:0.06, 1000:0.07, 1000:0.08, 1000:0.09, 1000:0.1).
In some embodiments, when the second product is fenofibrate, the weight ratio of the first product to the second product is 1000:0.25-1000:2 (e.g., 1000:0.25, 1000:0.3, 1000:0.4, 1000:0.5, 1000:0.6, 1000:0.7, 1000:0.8, 1000:0.9, 1000:1, 1000:1.5, 1000:2, or, e.g., 1000:0.5-1000:1, specifically, e.g., 1000:0.5, 1000:0.6, 1000:0.7, 1000:0.8, 1000:0.9, 1000:1).
In a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the use of the aforementioned composition or the aforementioned combination product in the preparation of a medicament (e.g. a traditional Chinese medicine, a Chinese patent medicine, etc.), a general food or a health food, for reducing blood lipid, or for preventing and/or treating a blood lipid disorder.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a composition as defined above or a combination as defined above for use in reducing blood lipid or for use in the prevention and/or treatment of a blood lipid disorder.
In a fifth aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a method for reducing blood lipid, or preventing and/or treating a blood lipid disorder, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof the aforementioned composition or combination of the aforementioned.
In some embodiments, the above-described lipid disorders are selected from the group consisting of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, mixed hyperlipidemia, low-high density lipoproteinemia.
In addition, the invention also discloses a red-meat apple and cherry plum combined product for reducing blood fat and a preparation method thereof, wherein the red-meat apple and cherry plum combined product comprises fresh fruits, fruit juice, jam, freeze-dried powder, tabletting candies, oral liquid, capsules and other product forms. Animal experiments show that the series of products have good synergistic blood lipid reducing effect. In some embodiments, the composition of the invention can also be used for preparing traditional Chinese medicines, chinese patent medicines and the like.
In addition, in one aspect, the application also provides a combination product comprising a first product and a second product, which are packaged separately, wherein the first product is a red apple and cherry plum combination product, and the second product is a hypolipidemic agent (e.g., statin, fibrate, niacin, etc.).
In the present invention, "individual" includes human or non-human animals. Exemplary human individuals include human individuals (referred to as patients) or normal individuals suffering from a disease (e.g., a disease described herein). "non-human animals" in the context of the present invention include all vertebrates, such as non-mammals (e.g., fish, birds, amphibians, reptiles) and mammals, such as non-human primates, domestic animals and/or domesticated animals (e.g., mice, sheep, dogs, cats, cows, pigs, etc.).
In the invention, the cherry plum extract or the red-pulp apple extract refers to a product formed by taking cherry plums or red-pulp apples as raw materials and obtaining and enriching one or more active ingredients in the cherry plums or the red-pulp apples through a physical and/or chemical extraction and separation process, and can be used as raw materials or auxiliary materials of foods (such as common foods or health-care foods) or medicines. Exemplary extraction means include, but are not limited to: leaching extraction, enzymolysis ultrasonic extraction, ultra-high pressure extraction and subcritical extraction.
Exemplary methods for preparing red apple and cherry plum extracts are provided below.
Extraction by leaching
In certain embodiments, the red-fleshed apples and cherry plums extract of the invention is obtained by leaching (e.g., water leaching or alcohol leaching).
In certain embodiments, the leaching extraction comprises the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or pit of red apples and cherry plums, pulping to directly obtain fruit pulp or separating fruit juice and fruit residues; in certain embodiments, the juice and marc are separated by filtration with a gauze (e.g., 100-300 mesh gauze, e.g., 200 mesh gauze);
Step 2: mixing pulp or pomace with extraction medium (such as water or ethanol), extracting at normal temperature or under heating (such as 10-100deg.C, such as 50deg.C) for 30-100min (such as 60 min), and filtering to obtain pulp or pomace extract; in certain embodiments, the pulp or pomace is mixed with the extraction medium at 1: (2-10) (e.g., 1:5) by weight; in certain embodiments, the ethanol is 50% -95% ethanol;
Step 3: concentrating the pulp extract or the combination of fruit juice and pomace extract to obtain extract of red pulp apples and cherry plums; in certain embodiments, the concentration is performed by rotary evaporation; in certain embodiments, the temperature of rotary evaporation is 30-60 ℃, such as 50 ℃;
Step 4: mixing the red apple and cherry plum extracts (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) according to different proportions (weight ratio) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step1, and extracting.
In certain embodiments, the red-fleshed apples and cherry plums extract of the invention is obtained by water extraction, which in certain embodiments comprises the steps of:
Step 1: removing seeds or pit of red apple and cherry plum, pulping to obtain pulp directly, or filtering juice with 100-300 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice, and separating juice and pomace; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is selected to be 200 mesh;
step 2: red apple and cherry plum pulp or pomace are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: (2-10) mixing with water, extracting at 10-100deg.C for 30-100min, and filtering to obtain pulp or residue extract; in certain embodiments, the feed to liquid ratio is selected to be 1:5; in certain embodiments, the extraction temperature of the leaching is selected to be 50 ℃; in certain embodiments, the extraction time is selected to be 60 minutes;
Step 3: mixing the pulp extract or juice and residue extract of red apple and cherry plum, and concentrating by rotary evaporation at 30-60deg.C to obtain red apple and cherry Li Shuijin extract; in certain embodiments, the rotary evaporation temperature is selected to be 50 ℃;
Step 4: mixing (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) extracts of red apples and cherries Li Shuijin obtained by extraction into a composition, or mixing red apples and cherry plums raw materials in the step 1 according to the different proportions, and extracting.
In certain embodiments, the red-fleshed apples and cherry plums extract of the invention is obtained by an alcohol extraction, which in certain embodiments comprises the steps of:
Step 1: removing seeds or pit of red apple and cherry plum, pulping to obtain pulp directly, or filtering juice with 100-300 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice, and separating juice and pomace; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is selected to be 200 mesh;
step 2: red apple and cherry plum pulp or pomace are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: (2-10) mixing with 50% -95% ethanol, extracting at 10-100deg.C for 30-100min, and filtering to obtain pulp or residue extract; in certain embodiments, the feed to liquid ratio is selected to be 1:5; in certain embodiments, the concentration of ethanol used is 50%; in certain embodiments, the extraction temperature of the leaching is selected to be 50 ℃; in certain embodiments, the extraction time is selected to be 60 minutes;
Step 3: mixing the pulp extractive solution of fructus Mali Pumilae and Prunus cerasifoliae or fruit juice and residue extractive solution, concentrating by rotary evaporation at 30-60deg.C, and directly concentrating the pulp extractive solution to obtain extract of fructus Mali Pumilae and Prunus cerasifoliae Li Chunjin; in certain embodiments, the rotary evaporation temperature is selected to be 50 ℃; optionally, subjecting the extract to a volatilizing treatment to remove residual ethanol therefrom;
Step 4: mixing (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) extracts of red apples and cherries Li Chunjin obtained by extraction into a composition, or mixing red apples and cherry plums raw materials in the step 1 according to the different proportions, and extracting.
Enzymatic ultrasonic extraction
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts of the invention are obtained by enzymatic ultrasonic extraction (e.g., enzymatic ultrasonic water extraction or enzymatic ultrasonic alcohol extraction).
In certain embodiments, the enzymatic ultrasonic extraction comprises the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or pit of red apples and cherry plums, pulping to directly obtain fruit pulp or separating fruit juice and fruit residues; in certain embodiments, the juice and marc are separated by filtration with a gauze (e.g., 100-300 mesh gauze, e.g., 200 mesh gauze);
Step 2: mixing pulp or pomace with extraction medium (such as water or ethanol) and cellulase, extracting under heating (such as 30-50deg.C, such as 45deg.C) for 30-100min (such as 60 min), and then ultrasonically (such as ultrasonic power of 100-500W) for 20-60min (such as ultrasonic 30 min), and filtering to obtain pulp or pomace extract; in certain embodiments, the cellulase is added in an amount of 0.2% to 1% (e.g., 0.5%) based on the weight of the marc or pulp; in certain embodiments, the pulp or pomace is mixed with the extraction medium at 1: (2-10) (e.g., 1:5) by weight; in certain embodiments, the ethanol is 50% -95% ethanol;
Step 3: concentrating the pulp extract or the mixed solution of fruit juice and pomace extract of red apples and cherry plums to obtain enzymolysis ultrasonic extracts of the red apples and cherry plums; in certain embodiments, the concentration is performed by rotary evaporation; in certain embodiments, the temperature of rotary evaporation is 30-60 ℃, such as 50 ℃;
Step 4: mixing the extracted red-pulp apples and cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic extracts according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red-pulp apples and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and extracting.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts of the present invention are obtained by enzymatic ultrasonic water extraction, which in certain embodiments comprises the steps of:
Step 1: removing seeds or pit of red apple and cherry plum, pulping to obtain pulp directly, or filtering juice with 100-300 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice, and separating juice and pomace; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is selected to be 200 mesh;
Step 2: red apple and cherry plum pulp or pomace are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: mixing (2-10) with water, adding cellulase 0.2-1% (based on fruit pulp or fruit pulp weight), extracting in water bath at 30-50deg.C for 30-100min, ultrasonic treating at 100-500W for 20-60min, and filtering to obtain fruit pulp or fruit pulp extract; in certain embodiments, the feed to liquid ratio is selected to be 1:5; in certain embodiments, the cellulase addition is 0.5%; in certain embodiments, the water bath temperature is 45 ℃; in certain embodiments, the extraction time is selected to be 60 minutes; in certain embodiments, the ultrasonic power is 500W; in certain embodiments, the sonication time is 30min;
Step 3: mixing the red apple and cherry plum pulp or juice and pomace extract, and concentrating by rotary evaporation at 30-60deg.C to obtain red apple and cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic extraction water extract; in certain embodiments, the rotary evaporation temperature is selected to be 50 ℃;
Step 4: mixing the extracted red-pulp apples and cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic water extracts according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red-pulp apples and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and extracting.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts of the present invention are obtained by enzymatic ultrasonic alcohol extraction, which in certain embodiments comprises the steps of:
Step 1: removing seeds or pit of red apple and cherry plum, pulping to obtain pulp directly, or filtering juice with 100-300 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice, and separating juice and pomace; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is selected to be 200 mesh;
Step 2: red apple and cherry plum pulp or pomace are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: mixing (2-10) with 50-95% ethanol, adding 0.2-1% (based on fruit pulp or fruit pulp weight) cellulase, extracting in water bath at 30-50deg.C for 30-100min, ultrasonic treating at 100-500W for 20-60min, and filtering to obtain fruit pulp or fruit pulp extract; in certain embodiments, the feed to liquid ratio is selected to be 1:5; in certain embodiments, the concentration of ethanol used is 50%; in certain embodiments, the cellulase addition is 0.5%; in certain embodiments, the water bath temperature is 45 ℃; in certain embodiments, the extraction time is selected to be 60 minutes; in certain embodiments, the ultrasonic power is 500W; in certain embodiments, the sonication time is 30min;
step 3: mixing pulp extract of red apple and cherry plum or juice and residue extract, rotary evaporating at 30-60deg.C, concentrating to obtain ultrasonic ethanol extract of red apple and cherry Li Meijie; in certain embodiments, the rotary evaporation temperature is selected to be 50 ℃; optionally, subjecting the extract to a volatilizing treatment to remove residual ethanol therefrom;
Step 4: mixing the extracted red-pulp apples and cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic alcohol extracts according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red-pulp apples and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and extracting.
Ultrahigh pressure extraction
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts of the invention are obtained by ultra-high pressure extraction (e.g., ultra-high pressure water extraction or ultra-high pressure alcohol extraction). As used herein, "ultra-high pressure" refers to pressures in excess of 100MPa (equivalent to 1000 atmospheres).
In certain embodiments, the ultra-high pressure extraction comprises the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or pit of red apples and cherry plums, pulping to directly obtain fruit pulp or separating fruit juice and fruit residues; in certain embodiments, the juice and marc are separated by filtration with a gauze (e.g., 100-300 mesh gauze, e.g., 200 mesh gauze);
Step 2: mixing pulp or pomace with extraction medium (such as water or ethanol), treating (such as for 3-10min, such as for 5 min) under ultrahigh pressure (such as 200-600MPa, such as 400 MPa), and filtering to obtain pulp or pomace extract; in certain embodiments, the pulp or pomace is mixed with the extraction medium at 1: (2-10) (e.g., 1:5) by weight; in certain embodiments, the ethanol is 50% -95% ethanol;
Step 3: concentrating the combined solution of the pulp or juice of the red apples and the cherry plums and the pomace extracting solution to obtain the ultrahigh pressure extract of the red apples and the cherry plums; in certain embodiments, the concentration is performed by rotary evaporation; in certain embodiments, the temperature of rotary evaporation is 30-60 ℃, such as 50 ℃;
step 4: mixing the red apple and cherry Li Chaogao pressure extracts (weight ratio) according to different proportions (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and extracting.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts of the present invention are obtained by ultra-high pressure water extraction, which in certain embodiments comprises the steps of:
Step 1: removing seeds or pit of red apple and cherry plum, pulping to obtain pulp directly, or filtering juice with 100-300 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice, and separating juice and pomace; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is selected to be 200 mesh;
step 2: red apple and cherry plum pulp or pomace are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: (2-10) mixing with water, treating under ultrahigh pressure of 200-600MPa for 3-10min, and filtering to obtain pulp or residue extract; in certain embodiments, the feed to liquid ratio is selected to be 1:5; in certain embodiments, the ultra-high pressure is 400MPa; in certain embodiments, the ultrahigh pressure treatment time is selected to be 5 minutes;
Step 3: mixing pulp extract or juice and residue extract of red apple and cherry plum, and concentrating by rotary evaporation at 30-60deg.C to obtain water extract of red apple and cherry Li Chaogao; in certain embodiments, the rotary evaporation temperature is selected to be 50 ℃;
Step 4: mixing the extracted red-pulp apples and cherry plums with ultrahigh-pressure water extracts according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1 and 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red-pulp apples and cherry plums in the step 1 according to the different proportions, and extracting.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts of the present invention are obtained by ultra-high pressure alcohol extraction, which in certain embodiments comprises the steps of:
Step 1: removing seeds or pit of red apple and cherry plum, pulping to obtain pulp directly, or filtering juice with 100-300 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice, and separating juice and pomace; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is selected to be 200 mesh;
Step 2: red apple and cherry plum pulp or pomace are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: (2-10) mixing with 50% -95% ethanol, treating under ultrahigh pressure of 200-600MPa for 3-10min, and filtering to obtain pulp or residue extract; in certain embodiments, the feed to liquid ratio is selected to be 1:5; in certain embodiments, the ultra-high pressure is 400MPa; in certain embodiments, the ultrahigh pressure treatment time is selected to be 5 minutes; in certain embodiments, the ethanol is 50% ethanol;
Step 3: mixing pulp extract of red apple and cherry plum or juice and residue extract, and concentrating by rotary evaporation at 30-60deg.C to obtain pressure-extracted alcohol extract of red apple and cherry Li Chaogao; in certain embodiments, the rotary evaporation temperature is selected to be 50 ℃; optionally, subjecting the extract to a volatilizing treatment to remove residual ethanol therefrom;
Step 4: mixing the red apple and cherry Li Chaogao alcohol extracts (weight ratio) according to different proportions (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and extracting.
Subcritical extraction (also known as "subcritical extraction")
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts are obtained by subcritical extraction (e.g., subcritical water extraction or subcritical alcohol extraction).
In certain embodiments, the subcritical extraction comprises the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or pit of red apples and cherry plums, pulping to directly obtain fruit pulp or separating fruit juice and fruit residues; in certain embodiments, the juice and marc are separated by filtration with a gauze (e.g., 100-300 mesh gauze, e.g., 200 mesh gauze);
step 2: mixing pulp or pomace with extraction medium (such as water or ethanol), performing subcritical extraction (such as treatment for 10-50min such as 30 min), and filtering to obtain pulp or pomace extract; in certain embodiments, the pulp or pomace is mixed with the extraction medium at 1: (2-10) (e.g., 1:5) by weight; in certain embodiments, the ethanol is 50% -95% ethanol; in certain embodiments, the subcritical extraction is conducted at a treatment temperature of from 100 to 150 ℃ (e.g., 110 ℃);
step 3: concentrating the fruit pulp or the mixed solution of fruit juice and fruit residue extract to obtain subcritical extracts of red-pulp apples and cherry plums; in certain embodiments, the concentration is performed by rotary evaporation; in certain embodiments, the temperature of rotary evaporation is 30-60 ℃, such as 50 ℃;
Step 4: mixing (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) the red apple and cherry Li Ya critical extracts obtained by extraction according to different proportions (weight ratio) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and extracting.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts of the invention are obtained by subcritical water extraction, which in certain embodiments comprises the steps of:
Step 1: removing seeds or pit of red apple and cherry plum, pulping to obtain pulp directly, or filtering juice with 100-300 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice, and separating juice and pomace; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is 200 mesh;
Step 2: red apple and cherry plum pulp or pomace are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: (2-10) mixing with water, extracting for 10-50min under subcritical condition at 100-150deg.C, and filtering to obtain pulp or residue extract; in certain embodiments, the feed to liquid ratio is selected to be 1:5; in certain embodiments, the treatment temperature is 110 ℃; in certain embodiments, the treatment time is 30 minutes;
Step 3: mixing the pulp extract or juice and residue extract of red apple and cherry plum, and concentrating by rotary evaporation at 30-60deg.C to obtain critical extract of red apple and cherry Li Ya; in certain embodiments, the rotary evaporation temperature is selected to be 50 ℃;
Step 4: mixing (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) the red apple and cherry Li Ya critical water extracts obtained by extraction according to different proportions (weight ratio) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and extracting.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry plum extracts of the invention are obtained by subcritical alcohol extraction, which in certain embodiments comprises the steps of:
Step 1: removing seeds or pit of red apple and cherry plum, pulping to obtain pulp directly, or filtering juice with 100-300 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice, and separating juice and pomace; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is 200 mesh;
Step 2: red apple and cherry plum pulp or pomace are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: (2-10) mixing with 50% -95% ethanol, subcritical extracting for 10-50min at 100-150deg.C, and filtering to obtain pulp or residue extract; in certain embodiments, the feed to liquid ratio is selected to be 1:5; in certain embodiments, the treatment temperature is 110 ℃; in certain embodiments, the treatment time is 30 minutes;
Step 3: mixing pulp extract or juice and residue extract of red pulp apple and cherry plum, and rotary evaporating and concentrating at 30-60deg.C to obtain critical ethanol extract of red pulp apple and cherry Li Ya; in certain embodiments, the rotary evaporation temperature is selected to be 50 ℃; optionally, subjecting the extract to a volatilizing treatment to remove residual ethanol therefrom;
Step 4: mixing (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) the extracted red apple and cherry Li Ya critical alcohol extracts according to different proportions (weight ratio) to prepare a composition, or mixing the red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and extracting.
As previously mentioned, the compositions of the present invention may be in the form of a product such as fresh fruit, juice, jam, fruit powder (e.g., lyophilized powder), confectionary (e.g., pressed confectionary), oral liquid, capsule, tablet, dried fruit, preserved fruit, wine or pastry. In addition, the product form of the composition of the present invention may be a pharmaceutical product, a general food product or a health food product. In some embodiments, the compositions of the present invention may be used as a primary ingredient in the form of a fruit juice, jam, fruit powder (e.g., lyophilized powder), candy (e.g., tabletted candy), oral liquid, capsule, tablet, dried fruit, preserved fruit, fruit wine, or pastry, e.g., 30wt% or more, 40wt% or more, 50wt% or more, 60wt% or more, 70wt% or more, 80wt% or more, 90wt% or more, or 100wt% of the total ingredient; optionally, the product may also contain other ingredients such as water, sweet substances, or other kinds of fruits or extracts thereof.
Exemplary methods of preparing red-fleshed apples and cherry plum products (e.g., fresh fruit, juice, jam, lyophilized powder, pressed candy, oral liquid, capsules) are provided below.
Fresh fruit
In certain embodiments, the red apples and cherries Li Xianguo can be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: harvesting red apples and cherry plums 1 month before maturity to full maturity, and picking fruits on a sunny day preferentially;
step 2: selecting and removing rotten fruits or fruits with poor color;
Step 3: refrigerating and storing after picking;
Step 4: red apples and cherries Li Xianguo were combined in different proportions (weight ratio) 1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1.
The obtained red apple and cherry Li Xianguo can be directly eaten.
Fruit juice
In certain embodiments, the red-pulp apple and cherry plum juice can be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, and pulping;
Step 2: filtering the slurry (for example, 100-300 mesh gauze) to obtain red pulp apple and cherry plum juice; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is 200 mesh;
Step 3: mixing red apple and cherry Li Zhuo juice according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare the fruit juice.
In certain embodiments, the red-fleshed apple and cherry plum juice can also be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, and pulping;
Step 2: filtering the slurry (such as 100-300 mesh gauze), and adding pectase for enzymolysis and filtering; preparing clear juice of red-pulp apples and cherry plums; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is 200 mesh;
Step 3: mixing red pulp apples and cherry plum clear juice according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red pulp apples and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare the juice.
Jam
In certain embodiments, the red apples and cherries Li Guojiang can be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, and pulping;
Step 2: boiling pulp, heating, concentrating to obtain red apple and cherry Li Guojiang;
Step 3: mixing red apples and cherries Li Guojiang according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apples and cherry plums according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare jam.
Freeze-dried powder
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry Li Dong dry powders can be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or cores of red apples and cherry plums, pulping,
Step 2: freeze-drying the fruit pulp to prepare fruit pulp freeze-dried powder;
Step 3: mixing red apple and cherry Li Dong dry powder according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare freeze-dried powder.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry Li Dong dry powders may also be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, and pulping;
step 2: filtering the slurry (such as 100-300 mesh gauze) to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is 200 mesh;
step 3: freeze-drying the fruit juice to obtain fruit juice freeze-dried powder;
Step 4: mixing red apple and cherry Li Dong dry powder according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare freeze-dried powder.
Pressed candy
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry Li Yapian candy can be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, and pulping;
step 2: freeze-drying the fruit pulp to prepare fruit pulp freeze-dried powder;
Step 3: tabletting the pulp freeze-dried powder and auxiliary materials to prepare tabletting candy;
Step 4: mixing red apples and cherry Li Yapian candies according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5,1:2,1:1,2:1,5:1 and 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apples and cherry plums according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare the pressed candies.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry Li Yapian candy may also be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, and pulping;
Step 2: filtering the slurry (such as 100-300 mesh gauze) to obtain red pulp and apple juice; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is 200 mesh;
step 3: freeze-drying the fruit juice to obtain fruit juice freeze-dried powder;
step 4: tabletting the fruit juice lyophilized powder and adjuvants to obtain tabletted candy.
Step 5: mixing red apples and cherry Li Yapian candies according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1 and 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apples and cherry plums according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare the pressed candies.
Oral liquid
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry Li Koufu liquids can be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: red apple and cherry plum extracts (e.g., by leaching extraction, enzymatic ultrasonic extraction, ultra-high pressure extraction, or subcritical extraction) in different proportions (weight ratios) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) were prepared, as described above;
step 2: sterilizing the red apple and cherry plum extracts to obtain the red apple oral liquid.
In certain embodiments, the red apple and cherry Li Koufu liquids may also be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: red apple and cherry plum extracts (e.g., by leaching extraction, enzymatic ultrasonic extraction, ultra-high pressure extraction, or subcritical extraction) in different proportions (weight ratios) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) were prepared, as described above;
step 2: adding pectase for enzymolysis and filtering to prepare a clear juice extract composition;
step3: sterilizing the clear juice extracts of the red apples and the cherry plums to obtain the red apple oral liquid.
Capsule
In certain embodiments, the red apples and cherries Li Jiaonang can be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, and pulping;
step 2: freeze-drying the fruit pulp to prepare fruit pulp freeze-dried powder;
Step 3: mixing red-meat apples and cherry Li Dong dry powder according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red-meat apples and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare freeze-dried powder;
step 4: and (5) filling the freeze-dried powder of the fruit pulp into a capsule shell to prepare the capsule.
In certain embodiments, the red apples and cherries Li Jiaonang can also be obtained by a process comprising the steps of:
Step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, and pulping;
step 2: filtering the slurry (such as 100-300 mesh gauze) to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice; in certain embodiments, the mesh number of the gauze is 200 mesh;
step 3: freeze-drying the fruit juice to obtain fruit juice freeze-dried powder;
Step 4: mixing red-meat apples and cherry Li Dong dry powder according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red-meat apples and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions in the step 1, and pulping to prepare freeze-dried powder;
Step 5: and (5) filling the freeze-dried fruit juice powder into a capsule shell, and preparing the capsule.
Advantageous effects
The invention selects the natural red apples and cherry plums, the prepared red apples and cherry plums have good blood lipid reducing effect, and the two compound effects are better than those of the red apples or cherry plums which are singly used, and have synergistic effect. In addition, the effect of the composition further combined with the medicine is better than that of the composition or the medicine used alone, and the composition has a synergistic effect.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the red-fleshed apples and cherries Li Chanpin described in this example refer to red-fleshed apples and cherries Li Xianguo.
Red apples (Hong Xun # 1) and cherry plums (black fruits) are harvested 1 month before maturity to completely ripe, the fruits are preferably harvested on a sunny day during harvesting, rotten fruits or fruits with poor color are selected and removed, and the fruits are refrigerated and stored after harvesting. The obtained red apples and cherries Li Anzhao are combined in different proportions (weight ratio) of (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1), and fresh fruits can be directly eaten.
Example 2:
the red apple and cherry Li Chanpin described in this example refers to a cloudy juice of red apple and cherry plum juice.
Picking red apple (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plum (black fruit), removing seeds or pit, pulping, and filtering with 200 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice. Mixing red apple and cherry Li Zhuo juice according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apple and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions, and pulping to prepare the juice.
Example 3:
the red apple and cherry Li Chanpin described in this example refers to red apple and cherry plum juice.
Picking red apple (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plum (black fruit), removing seeds or pit, pulping, and filtering with 200 mesh gauze to obtain red apple and cherry plum juice. Adding pectase for enzymolysis and filtering to obtain clear juice. Mixing red pulp apples and cherry plum clear juice according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1 and 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red pulp apples and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions, and pulping to prepare the juice.
Example 4:
The red-fleshed apples and cherries Li Chanpin described in this example refer to red-fleshed apples and cherries Li Guojiang.
The red apples (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plums (black fruits) are pulped after seed or pit removal, boiled in water and heated to prepare thicker jam. Mixing red apples and cherries Li Guojiang according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apples and cherry plums according to the different proportions, and pulping to prepare jam.
Example 5:
The red apple and cherry Li Chanpin described in this example refers to red apple and cherry Li Dong dry powder.
Removing seeds or cores of red apple (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plum (black fruit), pulping, and freeze drying to obtain lyophilized powder. Mixing red-meat apples and cherry Li Dong dry powder according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1 and 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red-meat apples and cherry plum raw materials according to the different proportions, and pulping to prepare freeze-dried powder.
Example 6:
the red apple and cherry Li Chanpin described in this example refers to red apple and cherry Li Yapian candy.
Removing seeds or cores of red apple (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plum (black fruit), pulping, freeze drying to obtain lyophilized powder, and tabletting with adjuvants to obtain tabletted candy. Mixing red apples and cherry Li Yapian candies according to different proportions (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1 and 10:1) to prepare a composition, or mixing red apples and cherry plums according to the different proportions, and pulping to prepare the pressed candies.
Example 7:
The red apple and cherry Li Chanpin in this embodiment refers to an oral liquid extracted from red apple and cherry Li Shuijin.
(1) The red apple (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plum (black fruit) are removed from seeds or pit and pulped to obtain red apple and cherry Li Guojiang.
(2) Red apple and cherry Li Guojiang according to a feed liquid ratio of 1:5 adding water, leaching at 50deg.C for 60min, and filtering to obtain pulp extract.
(3) Concentrating the extractive solution by rotary evaporation at 50deg.C to obtain extracts of red apple and cherry Li Shuijin.
(4) Mixing the red apple and cherry plum extracts at different ratios (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to obtain the final product.
(5) Sterilizing the combined extract of red apples and cherry plums to obtain the oral liquid.
Example 8:
the red apples and cherries Li Chanpin in this example refer to red apples (red love) and cherry plums (red fruits) which are extracted by water extraction. The procedure was as in example 7.
Example 9:
The red apples and cherries Li Chanpin described in this example refer to red apples (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plums (black fruits) extracted by alcohol extraction.
Reference to steps (1) - (5) of example 7, wherein the pulp was processed in a feed to liquid ratio of 1:5 adding 50% ethanol. The ethanol extract is subjected to volatilizing ethanol treatment.
Example 10:
The red-meat apples and cherries Li Chanpin in the embodiment refer to red-meat apples and cherries Li Meijie ultrasonic water extraction oral liquid.
(1) The red apple (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plum (black fruit) are removed from seeds or pit and pulped to obtain red apple and cherry Li Guojiang.
(2) Red apple and cherry Li Guojiang according to a feed liquid ratio of 1:5 adding water, adding 0.5% (based on the weight of the pulp) of cellulase, extracting in water bath at 45deg.C for 60min, ultrasonically treating with 500W for 30min, and filtering to obtain pulp extract.
(3) Concentrating the extractive solution by rotary evaporation at 50deg.C to obtain ultrasonic water extract of red meat fructus Mali Pumilae and fructus Pruni Pseudocerasi Li Meijie.
(4) Mixing the red apple and cherry plum extracts at different ratios (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to obtain the final product.
(5) Sterilizing the combined extract of red apples and cherry plums to obtain the oral liquid.
Example 11:
the red-meat apples and cherries Li Chanpin in the embodiment refer to red-meat apples (Hong Xun No. 3) and cherry plums (red fruits) which are subjected to enzymolysis ultrasonic water extraction oral liquid. The procedure was as in example 10.
Example 12:
The red-meat apples and cherries Li Chanpin in the embodiment refer to red-meat apples (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plums (black fruits) subjected to enzymolysis ultrasonic alcohol extraction oral liquid.
Reference to steps (1) - (5) of example 10, wherein the pulp was processed in a feed to liquid ratio of 1:5 plus 50%. The ethanol extract is subjected to volatilizing ethanol treatment.
Example 13:
the red apple and cherry Li Chanpin in this embodiment refers to a red apple and cherry Li Chaogao oral liquid extracted by pressurized water.
(1) The red apple (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plum (black fruit) are removed from seeds or pit and pulped to obtain red apple and cherry Li Guojiang.
(2) Red apple and cherry Li Guojiang according to a feed liquid ratio of 1:5 adding water, treating under ultrahigh pressure of 400Mpa for 5min, and filtering to obtain pulp extract.
(3) Concentrating the extractive solution by rotary evaporation at 50deg.C to obtain ultrahigh pressure water extract of red meat fructus Mali Pumilae and Prunus cerasifera.
(4) Mixing the red apple and cherry plum extracts at different ratios (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to obtain the final product.
(5) Sterilizing the combined extract of red apples and cherry plums to obtain the oral liquid.
Example 14:
The red apples and cherries Li Chanpin in this example refer to red apples (Hong Xun No. 6) and cherry plums (red fruits) extracted by ultra-high pressure water. The procedure was as in example 13.
Example 15:
The red apples and cherries Li Chanpin in this example refer to red apples (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plums (black fruits) extracted with ultra-high pressure alcohol.
Reference to steps (1) - (5) of example 13, wherein the pulp was processed in a feed to liquid ratio of 1:5 plus 50%. The ethanol extract is subjected to volatilizing ethanol treatment.
Example 16:
The red apple and cherry Li Chanpin in this embodiment refers to a red apple and cherry Li Ya oral liquid extracted by critical water.
(1) The red apple (Hong Xun No. 1) and cherry plum (black fruit) are removed from seeds or pit and pulped to obtain red apple and cherry Li Guojiang.
(2) Red apple and cherry Li Guojiang according to a feed liquid ratio of 1:5 adding water, subcritical extracting for 30min at 110deg.C, and filtering to obtain pulp extract.
(3) Concentrating the extractive solution by rotary evaporation at 50deg.C to obtain critical water extract of red meat fructus Mali Pumilae and fructus Pruni Pseudocerasi Li Ya.
(4) Mixing the red apple and cherry plum extracts at different ratios (weight ratio) (1:10, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1) to obtain the final product.
(5) Sterilizing the combined extract of red apples and cherry plums to obtain the oral liquid.
Evaluation of hypolipidemic effect of the product of the example:
In the following experimental examples, if the product form of the composition is fresh fruit, the composition is beaten, diluted and centrifuged and then administered; if the product form of the composition is freeze-dried powder, the composition is dispersed, diluted and centrifuged by water and then is administrated; if the composition is in the form of a tabletted candy, it is crushed and diluted with water and centrifuged for administration.
Experimental example 1: blood lipid reducing effect evaluation method for zebra fish
(1) Test method
The method comprises the steps of selecting young zebra fish with embryo development time phase of 4.5dpf, feeding the young zebra fish with yolk feed for 48 hours daily to form a high-fat model, and dividing the high-fat model into a model group, a positive medicine group (atorvastatin) and a sample group. A blank group (young zebra fish with embryo development time phase of 4.5dpf and fed with normal feed) is also provided. The blank group and the model group are not given with any sample to be tested or positive control drug. Atorvastatin was administered to the positive drug group (atorvastatin), the sample group was administered to the test sample, and yolk high fat feeding was performed for 3 days at the same time as the administration. And then detecting the TC (total cholesterol) and TG (total triglyceride) contents of each group by using a total cholesterol and total triglyceride kit (built by Nanjing), and reading and recording an OD value by using an enzyme-labeled instrument.
(2) Test results
The test results are shown in table 1 below. In Table 1 below, the samples of the red-pulp apples alone and cherry plums alone are the red-pulp apples enzymatic ultrasonic water extract and cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic water extract, respectively, prepared in step (3) of example 10. Samples of the red apple and cherry plum composition set were the compositions prepared in step (4) of example 10 at each weight ratio. In addition, the corresponding administered concentrations for each group are shown with single underlines, wherein: 90. Mu.g/mL or 45. Mu.g/mL indicates the concentration of the positive drug dispersed in water; 0.005% represents the concentration of red apple enzymatic ultrasonic water extract, or cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic water extract, or different weight ratios of the composition consisting of red apple enzymatic ultrasonic water extract and cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic water extract dispersed in water.
Then, referring to CN100571709C, which is a pharmaceutical composition with anti-tumor synergy, the CDI value of the interaction coefficient is calculated, CDI value=ab/(a×b), AB is the ratio of the two-drug combination group to the model group, and a and B are the ratio of the two-drug combination group to the model group when the two-drug combination group is used alone. A synergistic effect is indicated when CDI < 1. The calculation results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 blood lipid reducing effects of Red apple and cherry plum compositions (example 10) zebra fish
The significance was compared to the model set; * p < 0.05, < p < 0.01, < p < 0.001
As can be seen from Table 1 above, the TC and TG absorbance values of the red apple and cherry plum compositions (10:1-1:10) were lower than those of each alone, and the calculated CDI values were less than 1, with a synergistic effect.
In addition, the red apple and cherry plum composition has a synergistic effect when being compounded with a positive medicine. The positive drug alone (at half dose) had poor and insignificant effects on TC and TG reduction compared to the model group, while the combination with red apple and cherry plum had better effects on TC and TG reduction.
Experimental example 2: evaluation of rat hypolipidemic Effect
(1) Test method
Healthy SD rats were selected, molded with high fat diet, and the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the method comprises the steps of carrying out gastric lavage on the sample group and the positive drug group for 4 weeks while continuing to feed the high-fat feed after molding for 4 weeks, wherein the administration amount of each group is 2 ml/each group, the model group does not administer any positive drug or sample to be tested, the positive drug group is administered rosuvastatin or fenofibrate, and the sample group is administered to the sample to be tested. In addition, a normal group (20 healthy SD rats, fed with normal feed, were not given any positive drug or sample to be tested) was also provided. Blood was collected after completion of administration, and related inflammatory indexes TNF- α (tumor necrosis factor- α), MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1) and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) were measured using a fully automatic biochemical analyzer for TC (total cholesterol), TG (total triglyceride), LDL (low density lipoprotein) and a microplate reader.
(2) Test results
The test results are shown in tables 2 and 3 below. In tables 2 and 3 below, the samples of the red-pulp apples alone and cherry plums alone were respectively the red-pulp apples enzymatic ultrasonic water extract and cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic water extract prepared in step (3) of example 10. Samples of the red apple and cherry plum composition set were the compositions prepared in step (4) of example 10 at each weight ratio. In addition, the corresponding administered doses for each group are shown in single underline.
Then, the CDI value of the interaction coefficient was calculated, CDI value=ab/(a×b), AB being the ratio of the two-drug combination group to the model group, and a and B being the ratio of the two-drug combination group to the model group when the two drugs were used alone. A synergistic effect is indicated when CDI <1. The calculation results are shown in tables 2 and 3 below.
Table 2 lipid lowering effects of red apple and cherry plum compositions (example 10) in rats
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The significance was compared to the model set; * p < 0.05, < p < 0.01, < p < 0.001
As is clear from Table 2 above, the compositions of red apple and cherry plum have a synergistic effect in lowering TC, TG and LDL, which is superior to the effect of the compositions used alone. The red apples and cherry plums have a certain synergistic effect in the range of 10:1 to 1:10, and the CDI value is less than 1. In addition, the red apple and cherry plum composition has a certain synergistic effect when being compounded with a positive medicine.
There is growing evidence that the inflammatory response extends almost throughout the entire process of dyslipidemia. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can be secreted by adipose tissue and is involved in catabolism of fat, and dyslipidemia can result in increased secretion of TNF-alpha, a marker of adipose-derived inflammation. In hyperlipidemia, LDL binds to glomerular cells and stimulates them to produce monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), which is locally infiltrated.
Hyperlipidemia causes lipid deposition in hepatocytes, which first causes hepatic cell steatosis, and the steatosis hepatocytes activate inflammatory activating factors, thereby inducing high expression of MCP-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).
TABLE 3 Effect of Red apple and cherry plum compositions (example 10) on rat inflammation index
The significance was compared to the model set; * p < 0.05, < p < 0.01, < p < 0.001
As is clear from Table 3 above, the red apple and cherry plum compositions alone have no significant effect on the inflammatory indexes TNF- α, MCP-1 and ICAM-1, and the combination has significant effect on inflammatory factors.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting, and the technical solution of the present invention is modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. Use of a composition in the manufacture of a medicament or a health food for reducing blood lipid or for preventing and/or treating a blood lipid disorder, the health food helping to maintain a healthy level of blood lipid; wherein the composition comprises the following first component and second component as effective components:
The first component is red-meat apple extract, and the variety of the red-meat apples is Hong Xun # 1; and
A second component, the second component being cherry Li Heiguo extract;
The weight ratio of the first component to the second component is 1:10-10:1;
The red meat apple extract and the cherry plum extract are obtained through enzymolysis ultrasonic water extraction, and the enzymolysis ultrasonic water extraction comprises the following steps:
step 1: respectively removing seeds or kernels of red apples and cherry plums, pulping to directly obtain fruit pulp;
step 2: red apple and cherry Li Guojiang are mixed according to a feed liquid ratio of 1: (2-10) mixing with water, adding cellulase 0.2% -1% based on the weight of the pulp, extracting in water bath at 30-50deg.C for 30-100min, ultrasonic treating at 100-500W for 20-60min, and filtering to obtain pulp extract;
Step 3: the red apple and cherry plum pulp extract is concentrated by rotary evaporation at 30-60 ℃ to obtain the red apple and cherry Li Meijie ultrasonic extraction water extract.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the composition is in the form of fruit powder, candy, oral liquid, capsule, tablet or fruit wine.
3. The use of claim 2, wherein the fruit powder is a lyophilized powder.
4. The use of claim 2, wherein the candy is a tabletted candy.
5. The use according to claim 1, wherein the medicament is a traditional Chinese medicine or a Chinese patent medicine.
6. A combination product, comprising:
A first product which is a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5;
And a second product, wherein the second product is a medicament for preventing and/or treating the blood lipid diseases.
7. The combination of claim 6, wherein the dyslipidemia is selected from the group consisting of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, mixed hyperlipidemia, low-high density lipoproteinemia.
8. The combination product according to claim 6, wherein the agent for preventing and/or treating a blood lipid disorder is selected from the group consisting of atorvastatin, simvastatin, rosuvastatin, niacin, fenofibrate, linoleic acid, omega-3 fatty acids, ezetimibe.
9. The combination of claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of the first product to the second product is from 1000:0.025 to 1000:2.
10. Use of a combination product according to any one of claims 6-9 for the manufacture of a medicament for reducing blood lipids or for preventing and/or treating a blood lipid disorder.
11. The use of claim 10, wherein the medicament is a Chinese patent medicament.
12. The use according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the lipid disorders are selected from the group consisting of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, mixed hyperlipidemia, low-high density lipoproteinemia.
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