CN109172628B - Cucumber extract and application thereof in preparation of anti-cardiovascular drugs - Google Patents
Cucumber extract and application thereof in preparation of anti-cardiovascular drugs Download PDFInfo
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- CN109172628B CN109172628B CN201811289554.2A CN201811289554A CN109172628B CN 109172628 B CN109172628 B CN 109172628B CN 201811289554 A CN201811289554 A CN 201811289554A CN 109172628 B CN109172628 B CN 109172628B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of natural extracts, and particularly relates to a cucumber extract and application thereof in preparation of anti-cardiovascular drugs. The cucumber serving as the star weight-reducing food is suitable for patients with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis to eat, but is bitter in taste and cold in nature and taste, and brings certain troubles to daily use. Aiming at the technical problem, the cucumber extract is provided, the extract furthest preserves nutrient components in the cucumber, eliminates bitter taste and cold and cool feeling, and cell model tests and animal model test results show that the extract can improve the activity of SREBP-2 factors in cells, improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the cells, reduce the comprehensive index of blood fat, is beneficial to daily eating of patients with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, can be added into special medical food, and is even expected to be developed into a blood fat reducing medicine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of natural extracts, and particularly relates to a cucumber extract and antioxidation and blood fat reduction effects thereof.
Background
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the diseases seriously threatening the life and health of human beings nowadays, and become the first and second death reasons in most countries of the world. According to the conclusion of 'Chinese cardiovascular disease report 2017' issued by the national cardiovascular disease center in the recent years, the number of people suffering from cardiovascular diseases in China reaches 2.9 million, wherein 1300 million of stroke, 1100 million of coronary heart disease, 500 million of pulmonary heart disease, 450 million of heart failure, 250 million of rheumatic heart disease, 200 million of congenital heart disease and 2.7 million of hypertension. Reports indicate that the prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases in China are still in an increasing stage overall, and that the number of patients with cardiovascular diseases will increase rapidly in the next 10 years. With the accelerated aging and urbanization of society and the popularity of unhealthy life style of residents, cardiovascular disease risk factors of residents in China are generally exposed and show the trends of rapid growth and individual gathering in low-age and low-income groups. The cardiovascular diseases bring great economic pressure to the medical industry of China, and have important significance for developing the prevention and treatment of the cardiovascular diseases. In the research on cholesterol level and the etiology of coronary heart disease, it was found that Sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP 2) plays a central role in cholesterol metabolism as a membrane-bound transcription factor. Liu Xiao Li et al, in the research on the association between SREBP-2 gene polymorphism and cholesterol level, in the journal of molecular cardiology 8.4(2008): 203-.
Cardiovascular diseases are frequently seen in middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old, the recovery period of the diseases is long, the prognosis is poor, and the avoidance of induction factors and exacerbation factors is very important from the viewpoint of preventing the diseases or treating and recovering the diseases except for the medication following the advice of the medicine. Therefore, for patients with cardiovascular diseases, daily maintenance is particularly critical. Cardiovascular disease patients need to quit smoking and drinking, and daily diet needs to be less in oil and salt, and more in green leaf vegetables, soybeans, fish meat and other foods, so that the effect of preventing cardiovascular disease is achieved. In daily life, the daily exercise is kept, which is beneficial to accelerating blood circulation, enhancing the elasticity of blood vessels, consuming redundant fat in the body and reducing the blood viscosity.
The cucumber used as star diet food has effects of clearing heat, quenching thirst, promoting urination, accelerating blood metabolism, and discharging excessive salt in vivo. A large amount of water-soluble vitamins in cucumber can play a role in maintaining beauty and keeping young, preventing pigmentation and reducing wrinkles. Therefore, the cucumber extract is added into the skin care product in a large amount, and has high cosmetic value. In fact, the cucumber has high medicinal value, and the patent CN1742777A discloses a cucumber extract with the effect of treating alcoholic liver and fatty liver.
The cucumber contains a large amount of cellulose, and can promote intestinal tract movement, remove food residue in vivo, and reduce cholesterol absorption. In addition, the cucumber is rich in tartronic acid, can prevent sugar from being converted into fat, and has the effects of reducing blood pressure and blood fat. Patent CN 105815785 a discloses a method for preparing fat-reducing powder by extracting tartronic acid from cucumber, which combines tartronic acid in cucumber with white gourd, bitter gourd, green vegetables and other foods to prepare fat-reducing powder with weight-reducing effect. In addition, the cucumber also contains abundant proteins, minerals and unsaturated fatty acids, and has certain effects of promoting blood metabolism, softening blood vessels and promoting the growth and development of muscle tissues. Patent CN 105061189 a discloses a method for extracting linoleic acid from cucumber seeds, which comprises adding lipase and protease into cucumber seeds to obtain linoleic acid component. The research on the nutrient components of the watercucumber, namely the research on the nutrient components of the cucumber in the Anshan academy of teachers and universities 8.2(2006) 28-30, wherein fatty acid in the watercucumber is extracted by a Soxhlet extraction method and subjected to methyl esterification treatment; extracting volatile substances from the water cucumbers by a simultaneous distillation-extraction method, measuring the content of the volatile substances in the water cucumbers to be 1.0%, separating the volatile substances from the water cucumbers by a GC/MS method to determine 5 kinds of fatty acids, which mainly comprise: hexadecanoic acid 10.17%, 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid 15.41%, 9,12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid 24.24%; 32 compounds were identified in the volatile oil, representing 93.02% of the total detected amount.
The diet of patients with atherosclerosis, hyperlipemia, diabetes and the like has strict limitations, and certain protein, calcium, vegetables and fruits need to be eaten every day. Fruits tend to eat only very low calorie foods such as cucumbers and tomatoes. Because the patients are mostly old people, and fruits belong to cold and cool foods, the gastrointestinal intolerance can occur to many patients after long-term eating. In addition, the cucumber stem part of the cucumber has the highest nutritional value, is rich in cucurbitacin C, has good effects of expelling toxin and beautifying, and also has the anti-tumor effect. However, the melon stem has obvious bitter taste, is usually discarded in the daily use process, causes waste, and has important significance in providing a special medical food suitable for middle-aged and old patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the cucumber extract is obtained through research, various water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble unsaturated fatty acids, cellulose and the like in the cucumber are kept as far as possible in the preparation process of the extract, the extract can improve the activity of SREBP-2 in a HepG2 cell model, has good effects of resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat and improving lipid deposition of blood vessel walls, can effectively reduce the comprehensive blood fat index (LCI) in blood of a model group, is suitable for patients with cardiovascular diseases to take daily, and is expected to reduce the atherosclerosis degree.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a cucumber extract is provided, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) adding appropriate amount of clear water into cucumber, pulping, crushing cucumber to obtain cucumber juice, filtering, and keeping liquid part A;
(2) wrapping the filtered cucumber residue in a filter paper cylinder, adding a petroleum ether solution, extracting at a low temperature for a period of time, and volatilizing most of the solvent to obtain a liquid part B;
(3) recovering the cucumber residue after the reflux in the step (2), adding a low-concentration sodium hydroxide solution, boiling for a period of time, adding a small amount of distilled water to wash the residue to be neutral when the temperature of the solution is slightly reduced, combining the filtrate and the washing liquid to obtain a liquid part C, and adding a small amount of acetic acid to adjust the pH value to be neutral;
(4) combining the liquid fractions A, B and C, and evaporating the solvent at low temperature to obtain dry extract.
Preferably, the fresh cucumbers selected in the step (1) are put into enough clear water, the pesticide remover is added, and then the surfaces of the cucumbers are repeatedly kneaded until the thorns are completely removed, and the cucumbers are cleaned for later use.
And (3) cutting the cleaned cucumbers into blocks, putting the cut cucumbers into a stirrer, adding clear water, and beating into slurry, wherein the ratio of the cucumbers to the clear water is 1-2 kg: 1-1.5L. Because the cucumber peel and the cucumber stem are tough, the addition of a proper amount of clear water is beneficial to more uniform pulping of the cucumbers. In the pulping process, a small amount of clear water is added into the container for a plurality of times, so that the cucumber pulp is ground more uniformly.
Further preferably, the ratio of cucumber to clear water is 1.5 kg: 1L of the compound. Under this proportion, under the prerequisite of the extract concentration is guaranteed to the as few clear water as possible again, can fully homogenate the cucumber.
Preferably, in the step (2), the solid part after filtration is wrapped in a filter paper cylinder, the filter paper cylinder is placed into a Soxhlet extractor, petroleum ether is added, and reflux extraction is carried out on the solid part and the petroleum ether in a water bath at 65-78 ℃ for 10-14 h, wherein the volume ratio of the residue to the petroleum ether is 100-200 g/L.
After cooling, the petroleum ether extract obtained by reflux is put in a fume hood, so that most of the solvent is naturally volatilized.
Further preferably, the reflux extraction is carried out in a water bath at 70 ℃ for 12 hours, and the volume ratio of the cucumber residue to the petroleum ether is 170 g/L.
Preferably, the residue after the Soxhlet extraction in the step (3) is added with a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 5%, the adding proportion is 180-220 g/L, and the temperature is raised to 100 ℃ for reflux extraction for 1-2 h. After the reflux was completed, the solution was brought to room temperature, and an acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.1M was added to the extract to adjust the pH of the solution to neutral. Because the cellulose in the plant is macromolecular polysaccharide consisting of glucose, the plant is insoluble in water and common organic solvents, and the adoption of low-concentration alkali liquor is favorable for destroying the composition of cell walls, so that the cellulose components are fully dissolved out.
Preferably, the liquid part B obtained in the extraction process is poured into a rotary evaporation instrument, a small amount of pure ethanol is added after the solvent is completely volatilized, the mixture is evaporated to dryness again, and the operation is repeated for 3-5 times. And transferring the solid after evaporation to a vacuum oven, and drying for 6-9 h at 37-40 ℃ to obtain a sample B. As is known in the art, petroleum ether belongs to a volatile reagent, can be rapidly volatilized in a fume hood, and in order to avoid the residue of the reagent, in the preparation process of the application, liquid B is added into a rotary evaporation instrument to remove a solvent, and a fat-soluble volatile solvent is additionally added, and the rotary evaporation is carried out for multiple times, so that the organic solvent in a sample is completely removed.
Further preferably, the extract solutions a, C and the sample B are mixed in a mixing ratio of 1:1:1, volatilizing the solvent to obtain the cucumber extract.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a cucumber extract obtained by the above preparation method is provided.
In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the cucumber extract in preparing a medicine for resisting cardiovascular diseases is provided.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating atherosclerosis or hyperlipidemia, which comprises the above cucumber extract as an active ingredient.
In a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a special medical food suitable for patients with vascular diseases or atherosclerosis or hyperlipidemia, which comprises the above cucumber extract.
The invention has the advantages of
1. The cucumber extract eliminates the bitter taste of the cucumber without adding a flavoring agent, does not have cold and cool properties, and can replace daily fruits and be used as a component of special medical food.
2. It is known in the art that cucumber contains substances beneficial for weight loss, such as vitamins, cellulose, unsaturated fatty acids, and the like. The research process of the invention firstly confirms that the cucumber extract has the effects of resisting oxidation and repairing heart damage. In addition, water-soluble vitamins, fatty acids and cellulose components in the cucumbers are respectively extracted in different extraction modes in the research process, and animal model test results show that the blood fat reducing effect of the three substances in compounding exceeds that of a single component under the same dosage, so that the research conclusion is not disclosed in the previous research process, and a new direction is provided for the research of blood fat reducing medical food.
3. The cucumber extract provided by the application is safe to eat, has no side effect, can reduce the body weight to a certain extent by being eaten every day, effectively reduces the comprehensive index of blood fat, relieves the symptom of hyperlipidemia, and is expected to be developed into a blood fat reducing medicine.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of cucumber extracts prepared in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a bar graph of the relative change in SREBP-2 content in the HepG2 cell model;
FIG. 3 is a line graph showing the weight change of a hyperlipidemic mouse model test;
FIG. 4 is a histogram of the change of the comprehensive index of blood lipids in the hyperlipidemic mouse.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As introduced in the background art, the cucumber has the effects of clearing heat, promoting urination and losing weight as a fruit which can be used by a small number of patients with hyperlipidemia, but the cucumber is cold and cool and is not suitable for being eaten by old patients every day, and the cucumber has bitter taste and affects the using mouthfeel. In order to solve the problems, the application provides a cucumber extract, and researches on the antioxidant and blood fat reducing effects of the extract.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
Weighing 1.5kg of fresh cucumber, repeatedly kneading the cucumber in saline water, washing off thorns on the surface of the cucumber, cleaning the cucumber, cutting into small pieces, putting the small pieces into a juice extractor, adding 1L of clear water into a container for a few times in the process of juice extraction, and completely pulping the cucumber into light green pulp.
Vacuum filtering the cucumber juice, and keeping a clear liquid part A. Wrapping the residual cucumber residue in a filter paper cylinder, placing in a Soxhlet extractor, adding 1.2L petroleum ether, reflux-extracting in 70 deg.C water bath for 12 hr, placing the liquid part in a fume hood after reflux-extracting, and naturally volatilizing most solvent to obtain liquid part B.
Placing the cucumber residue in the filter paper in a fume hood, airing for 2h, transferring the aired cucumber residue to an in-situ flask, adding 1L of a 5% sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 100 ℃, performing reflux extraction for 75min, performing vacuum filtration on a reaction solution after the reflux is finished, adding an acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1M into an extracting solution, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to be neutral to obtain a liquid part C.
And (3) putting the liquid part B in a rotary evaporator, removing the solvent, adding a small amount of pure ethanol after evaporation to dryness, continuing to evaporate to dryness, and repeating the operation until the sample B does not contain alcohol smell. And transferring the solid after evaporation to a vacuum oven, and drying for 8 hours at 37 ℃ to obtain a sample B.
And adding the liquid parts A and C into the dried sample B, fully mixing, and volatilizing the solvent to obtain the cucumber extract.
Example 2
Weighing 1.5kg of fresh cucumber, repeatedly kneading the cucumber in saline water, washing off thorns on the surface of the cucumber, cleaning the cucumber, cutting into small pieces, putting the small pieces into a juice extractor, adding 1L of clear water into a container for a few times in the process of juice extraction, and completely pulping the cucumber into light green pulp. And (3) carrying out vacuum filtration on the cucumber juice, reserving a clear liquid part A, and volatilizing the solvent to obtain a sample A.
Example 3
Weighing 1.5kg of fresh cucumber, repeatedly kneading the cucumber in saline water, washing off thorns on the surface of the cucumber, cleaning the cucumber, cutting into small pieces, putting the small pieces into a juice extractor, adding 1L of clear water into a container for a few times in the process of juice extraction, and completely pulping the cucumber into light green pulp.
Vacuum filtering the cucumber juice, and keeping a clear liquid part A. Wrapping the residual cucumber residue in a filter paper cylinder, placing in a Soxhlet extractor, adding 1.2L petroleum ether, reflux-extracting in 70 deg.C water bath for 12 hr, placing the liquid part in a fume hood after reflux-extracting, and naturally volatilizing most solvent to obtain liquid part B.
Placing the cucumber residue in the filter paper in a fume hood, airing for 2h, transferring the aired cucumber residue into an in-situ flask, adding 1L of a 5% sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 100 ℃, performing reflux extraction for 75min, performing vacuum filtration on a reaction solution after the reflux is finished, adding an acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1M into an extracting solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be neutral to obtain a liquid part C, and volatilizing the solvent in the liquid part C to obtain a sample part C.
Example 4 cell model and SREBP-2 Activity assay
The counted HepG2 cells were added to DMEM medium (10% FBS,100U/ml penicillin, 100. mu.g/ml streptomycin), cultured at 37 ℃ and 5% CO2And (3) performing conventional culture in an incubator to a logarithmic growth phase, adding samples A, B and C obtained in the example 1-3 and cucumber extract samples with the same concentration into a cell culture solution, culturing for 24h, then treating the cells, and detecting the SREBP-2 activity in the cells. The detection result is shown in fig. 2, the three components A, B and C in the cucumber have insignificant improvement effect compared with the model group, and after the three components are compounded, the SREBP-2 activity in the cell is obviously improved, which indicates that the cucumber extract can activate the cholesterol metabolism related pathway in the cell, and is beneficial to relieving the hyperlipoidemia condition.
Example 5 anti-oxidant effect experiment of cucumber extract of the present invention on mouse heart
In order to verify the repair effect of the cucumber extract on heart antioxidation, the repair effect of the nutritional granules on heart damage of mice is investigated by preparing a mouse heart damage model and selecting total SOD, MDA and GSH-Px as evaluation indexes.
In the embodiment, the mice are purchased from Jinanpunyue laboratory animal breeding Limited company, Kunming mice with the age of 6-8 weeks are randomly selected and divided into 6 groups, each group is 12, the groups are respectively a model control group, examples 1-3 groups and comparative examples 1-2 groups, and two groups of old age groups with the age of 12 months are additionally arranged.
Intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg-kg D-galactose-1·d-1Continuous administration for 6 weeks, examples 1-3, comparative example and agedThe group feeding dose is 5g each, the feeding is carried out once a day, the model control group is fed with the mouse feed with the same dose, the old experimental group is fed with the nutritional powder in the example 1, and water with the same amount is added during the feeding to enable the nutritional powder to be pasty. After the experiment is finished, the cervical vertebra is removed, the mouse is killed, the heart tissue is taken out, washed clean and weighed, physiological saline is added, the mixture is ground into homogenate, and the homogenate is obtained through centrifugation.
Measuring the activity of the GSHpx by a DTNB direct method; measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by pyrogallol autoxidation method; the content of lipid peroxidation products (MDA) is determined by a TBA colorimetric method, and the detection result is shown in a table 1:
TABLE 1 mouse Heart SOD, MDA, GSH-Px test results
Note: p < 0.05; p < 0.01.
In the experiment, the abnormal death of the mouse does not occur, which shows that the extract of the invention is safe to eat and has no toxicity.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the antioxidant enzyme index in the heart of the mice taking the sample group is improved to a certain extent compared with that of the model group, and the improvement effect has statistical significance. The three groups of extracts have certain effects of resisting oxidation and repairing myocardial cells, wherein the repair effect of the product compounded by the sample A, B, C on the heart is more obvious, and the three extracts are proved to have certain synergistic effects.
The antioxidant enzyme indexes of the old group of the experimental group are remarkably improved compared with those of the blank group, and the cucumber extract can be used for the old and has a heart repairing effect practically.
Example 6 Effect of cucumber extracts on the comprehensive index of blood lipid in a model of high lipid mice
Taking female Kunming mice, adaptively feeding the female Kunming mice with a basal feed for one week, changing the basal feed into a high-fat feed (78.8% of the basal feed, 1% of cholesterol, 0.2% of bile salt, 10% of lard and 10% of egg yolk powder), and feeding the female Kunming mice for four weeks to prepare a high-fat model. During the molding period, the body weight was measured every week, and the weight growth of the mice was recorded.
After rejecting mice with abnormally increased body weight, the remaining mice were randomly divided into 6 groups of 12 mice each, which were a model group, a sample group a, a sample group B, a sample group C, an extract group, and a positive control group. Wherein the model group is continuously fed with common feed, the sample group A is fed with 75% of common feed and 15% of sample A, the sample group B is fed with 75% of common feed and 15% of sample B, the sample group C is fed with 75% of common feed and 15% of sample C, and the extract group is fed with 75% of common feed and 15% of cucumber extract, namely the dosage of the sample A/sample B/sample C/extract is 15g/kg, the dosage of the positive control group is lovastatin + common feed, and the dosage of the administration is 100 mg/kg. The animals were fed for a period of nine weeks and weighed once a week. The body weight changes of the mice in each group are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 mouse weight changes
Note: p < 0.05; p < 0.01.
As is clear from fig. 3, the body weight of the mice in the model group continuously increased during the nine-week experiment, and the body weight change tendency of the mice in the sample group a was substantially the same as that of the mice in the model group. The body weight of mice in sample B and C groups increased slightly more slowly than in the model group. The weight of the mice in the compound extract group is obviously reduced at the beginning of the fifth week of feeding, which indicates that the body fat reducing effect may not be achieved by taking a single component, while the cucumber extract has the weight reducing effect to a certain extent, and the samples A, B and C have synergistic effect.
After nine weeks, all mice fed the night, all mice fasted for 12h, weighed, then whole blood was taken from the heart, anticoagulant was added, the blood plasma was separated by standing, total cholesterol content (TC), Triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood plasma was measured by a full-automatic biochemical analyzer, and a blood Lipid Complex Index (LCI) and an Atherosclerosis Index (AI) were calculated as follows:
according to statistics, the blood lipid indexes of the mice in each group are shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3 mouse blood lipid index
Note: p < 0.05; p < 0.01.
As can be clearly seen from fig. 4, the analysis result of the blood lipid index is more consistent with the above experimental trend: in the experimental process of nine weeks, the comprehensive index of blood fat of the model group is increased, various cholesterol indexes in blood are increased to a certain degree, the cholesterol content in the plasma of the samples A, B and C is not obviously changed, but the comprehensive index of blood fat of the cucumber extract group is obviously reduced.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A preparation method of cucumber extract is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding appropriate amount of clear water into cucumber, pulping, crushing cucumber to obtain cucumber juice, filtering, and keeping liquid part A;
(2) wrapping the filtered cucumber residue in a filter paper cylinder, adding a petroleum ether solution, extracting at a low temperature for a period of time, and volatilizing most of the solvent to obtain a liquid part B;
(3) recovering the cucumber residue after the reflux in the step (2), adding a low-concentration sodium hydroxide solution, boiling for a period of time, adding a small amount of distilled water to wash the residue to be neutral when the temperature of the solution is slightly reduced, combining the filtrate and the washing liquid to obtain a liquid part C, and adding a small amount of acetic acid to adjust the pH value to be neutral;
(4) combining the liquid fractions A, B and C, and evaporating the solvent at low temperature to obtain dry extract.
2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the cucumber is selected and fresh in step (1), the cucumber is placed in sufficient clear water, the pesticide remover is added, and then the surface of the cucumber is repeatedly kneaded until the small thorns are washed away, and the cucumber is cleaned for later use; and (3) cutting the cleaned cucumbers into blocks, putting the cut cucumbers into a stirrer, adding clear water, and beating into slurry, wherein the ratio of the cucumbers to the clear water is 1-2 kg: 1-1.5L.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ratio of cucumber to clear water is 1.5 kg: 1L of the compound.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the filtered solid part is wrapped in a filter paper cylinder, put into a Soxhlet extractor, added with petroleum ether, and extracted in a water bath at 65-78 ℃ for 10-14 h under reflux, wherein the volume ratio of the residue to the petroleum ether is 100-200 g/L; and placing the petroleum ether extracting solution obtained after the reflux is finished in a fume hood, and naturally volatilizing most of the solvent.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the Soxhlet extractor is used for reflux extraction in a water bath at 70 ℃ for 12h, and the volume ratio of the cucumber residue to the petroleum ether is 170 g/L.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (2) further comprises the steps of: pouring the liquid part B with most of the solvent volatilized into a rotary evaporator, completely evaporating the solvent to dryness, adding a small amount of pure ethanol, evaporating to dryness again, repeatedly adding ethanol, evaporating to dryness for 3-5 times, transferring the solid after evaporation to a vacuum oven, and drying for 6-9 hours at 37-40 ℃ to obtain a sample B.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the residue after the Soxhlet extraction in step (3) is added with a 5% sodium hydroxide solution at a ratio of 180-220 g/L, heated to 100 ℃ and extracted under reflux for 1-2 h; after the reflux is completed, when the temperature of the solution is reduced to room temperature, adding an acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1M into the extracting solution, and adjusting the pH of the solution to be neutral.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid fractions A, B and C are combined in step (4) at a mixing ratio of 1:1: 1.
9. Cucumber extract obtainable by the preparation process according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of a cucumber extract as claimed in claim 9 for the preparation of a medicament against cardiovascular diseases.
11. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating atherosclerosis or hyperlipidemia, which comprises the cucumber extract as claimed in claim 9 as an active ingredient.
12. A special medical food suitable for patients with vascular diseases or atherosclerosis or hyperlipidemia, which comprises the cucumber extract of claim 9.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105061189A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏振宇环保科技有限公司 | Method for extracting linoleic acid from cucumber seeds |
| CN105503966A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-20 | 黄涌芮 | Method for extracting vitamin from cucumber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105061189A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏振宇环保科技有限公司 | Method for extracting linoleic acid from cucumber seeds |
| CN105503966A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-20 | 黄涌芮 | Method for extracting vitamin from cucumber |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 几种黄瓜食品的加工技术;周翠英等;《农村百事通》;20110710(第14期);第26-27页 * |
| 水黄瓜营养成分的研究;侯冬岩;《鞍山师范学院》;20060228;第8卷(第2期);第28页倒数第2段最后1句、第29页第1句 * |
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