CN114514964A - Compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114514964A CN114514964A CN202210191744.0A CN202210191744A CN114514964A CN 114514964 A CN114514964 A CN 114514964A CN 202210191744 A CN202210191744 A CN 202210191744A CN 114514964 A CN114514964 A CN 114514964A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laying hen compound feed after forced moulting and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound feed comprises the following raw materials: cereals, bean pulp, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, vegetable cake, liquorice protein, red date powder, eucommia leaf powder, stone powder, grease, salt, amino acid, calcium hydrophosphate, compound vitamin, compound trace elements, a compound enzyme preparation, sodium bicarbonate, a Chinese herbal medicine compound bag and a probiotic preparation; the preparation method of the compound feed comprises the following steps: pulverizing grains, soybean meal, sesame meal and vegetable cake, and sieving to obtain powder; mixing probiotic preparation and Chinese herbal medicine, stirring with brown sugar water, mixing, and activating to obtain activating solution; mixing the powder with the rest raw materials to obtain a mixture, granulating after modulation, spraying grease and an activating solution, and cooling to obtain the feed; according to the invention, through scientific compounding of various raw materials and additives and improvement of a production process, the growth and disease resistance of the forced moulting laying hens are obviously improved, so that the production performance of the forced moulting laying hens is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal nutrition and feed science, in particular to a laying hen compound feed after forced moulting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The forced moulting of the laying hens is a management process of prompting the laying hens to stop producing, lose weight and resume producing after moulting in a short time by adopting methods such as biology, chemistry, physics (such as hunger) and the like; forced moulting is an artificial moulting mode which is carried out by utilizing the biological rule of chickens (after laying for one year, the chickens start to moult naturally, and at the moment, the reproductive system has poor function, low laying rate and poor eggshell quality); the method commonly used at present is the starvation method.
The reproductive system function of the laying hens can be recovered through forced moulting, for the laying hens, the forced moulting can prolong the economic life of the laying hens, reduce the breeding cost of chicks, adjust the production of commercial eggs according to market changes, improve the egg weight, effectively improve the eggshell quality and relieve the tendency of rapid decline of the laying hens due to the increase of the age in days.
However, forced moulting is realized by artificially applying some stress factors to the laying hens to cause strong stress, so that the organs and systems of the laying hens are caused to generate specific morphological and functional changes, the laying hens stop laying eggs in a short period, feathers fall off and renew, the physique of the laying hens and the laying eggs are recovered after the stress is stopped, and the whole process is generally 8-10 weeks. This causes greater stress on the layers, which reduces their egg-laying performance and egg quality. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a special compound feed suitable for improving the production performance of the laying hens after forced moulting, so as to improve the egg quality, prolong the egg laying performance of the laying hens and reduce the feeding cost.
The forced moulting laying hen feed is used as a special stage in the later period of laying hen breeding, and few researches can be searched, mainly comprising the following steps:
chinese invention patent CN110537629A discloses a special feed for improving recovery period of a laying hen yield moulting method, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of pine needle powder, 50-60 parts of bean cake, 20-30 parts of peanut cake, 20-25 parts of rice, 15-20 parts of buckwheat, 8-10 parts of black bean, 4-6 parts of sunflower seed, 1-2 parts of salt, 4-8 parts of bone meal, 3-5 parts of silkworm chrysalis, 3-5 parts of fish meal, 1-3 parts of fluorite, 1-2 parts of auxin, 1-3 parts of multivitamin, 2-3 parts of methionine and 1-3 parts of lysine. The invention is mainly used for feeding the laying hens with the weight gradually increased to grow new feathers after the weight loss of the laying hens is 25-30% after forced moulting and the laying rate reaches 5% again. The method mainly adopts crushing and mixing processes, granulation is not carried out, and when the chicken feed is used in the recovery period, the increase of the group weight of chickens is inconsistent, the uniformity is reduced, and the recovery of the laying rate in the later period is influenced.
Chinese invention patent CN110537636A discloses a special feed for improving laying hen yield and moulting method in the implementation period, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40-50 parts of corn, 10-16 parts of barley, 9-16 parts of soybean meal, 4-12 parts of fish meal, 6-13 parts of peanut bran, 2-9.5 parts of egg yolk, 1.1-1.7 parts of trace elements, 1-1.5 parts of probiotics, 1-3 parts of gardenia jasminoides, 3-6 parts of shell powder and 5-15 parts of green tea powder, wherein the probiotics are as follows: the lactobacillus, the actinomycetes and the bifidobacterium are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5:2 to obtain the dry bacterial powder. The description of the invention shows that the invention is mainly used for forcing the measures of molting to be implemented from the first day to the time when the weight of the chicken population is reduced to 25% -30%, and is also different from the use stage of the invention.
Chinese invention patent CN105192359A discloses a preparation method of a stone powder-containing granular material for laying hens in egg-laying peak season, the invention mainly mixes other raw materials except stone powder uniformly according to the provided raw material formula to obtain a mixture, the mixture is modulated, granulated and cooled by an air cooler to prepare a semi-finished product; the invention combines the granulating process and the secondary mixing process in the feed manufacturing process, solves the problem that the high stone powder content and the granulation are difficult, and improves the digestibility of the feed for the laying hens in the egg laying peak period. However, the invention does not consider the problem of the specific gravity of the coarse stone powder and other raw materials, and the stone powder and the semi-finished granular product are easily graded in the processes of packaging, loading, unloading and transporting after the coarse stone powder and the other raw materials are mixed for the second time, so that the laying hens are unevenly fed, partial chickens are undernourished due to long-term feeding, and the laying rate is reduced.
The feed for the forced moulting laying hens is different from the feed for other stages of the laying hens, the nutrition requirements of the feed for the forced moulting laying hens cannot only seek the nutrition concentration, and the growth recovery, the laying rate and the intestinal health of the moulting laying hens need to be considered, so that the inventor develops the granular compound feed capable of improving the growth and the production performance of the forced moulting laying hens through a large amount of research and experiments on the feed for the moulting laying hens.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laying hen compound feed after forced moulting and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the feed for laying hens after forced moulting is different from feeds for other stages of laying hens, the nutrition requirements cannot only seek the nutrition concentration, and the growth recovery, the laying rate and the intestinal health of the laying hens after moulting need to be considered.
The invention is realized in such a way that the compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-65 parts of grains, 5-25 parts of soybean meal, 1-6 parts of sesame meal, 1-7 parts of corn protein powder, 1-3 parts of vegetable cake, 1-6 parts of liquiritin, 2-7 parts of red date powder, 1-5 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 6-9 parts of stone powder, 0.3-1.0 part of grease, 0.1-0.3 part of salt, 0.2-0.9 part of amino acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.1-0.5 part of compound microelement, 0.05-0.1 part of preparation, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate complex enzyme, 1-5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine compound package and 0.2-0.5 part of probiotic preparation.
In a preferred embodiment, the cereal comprises one or a combination of corn, sorghum, barley, brown rice, wheat.
In a preferred embodiment, the cereal is one or a combination of two or more of corn, brown rice and wheat.
In a preferred embodiment, the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag is one or a combination of more of a schisandra chinensis aqueous extract, an eucommia ulmoides leaf aqueous extract, a prepared rehmannia root aqueous extract, an astragalus membranaceus aqueous extract, a honeysuckle aqueous extract and a motherwort aqueous extract.
In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the schisandra chinensis aqueous extract, the eucommia ulmoides leaf aqueous extract, the prepared rehmannia root aqueous extract, the astragalus mongholicus aqueous extract, the honeysuckle aqueous extract and the motherwort aqueous extract in the Chinese herbal medicine composite bag is 1: (0.2-1.0): (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.8): (1-4): (1-3).
In a preferred embodiment, the probiotic bacteria are one or more of bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and bacillus subtilis.
In a preferred embodiment, the amino acids include lysine sulfate, methionine, threonine, tryptophan.
In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan is 1 (0.3-1.0) to (0.2-0.8) to (0.1-0.5).
In a preferred embodiment, the complex enzyme preparation comprises 10000U/g of xylanase 5000-.
In a preferred embodiment, the vitamin complex comprises 8000KIU/Kg of vitamin A1000-.
In a preferred embodiment, the composite trace elements comprise 10000-50000mg/Kg of iron, 1000-5000mg/Kg of copper, 10000-50000mg/Kg of zinc, 10000-50000mg/Kg of manganese, 50-200mg/Kg of selenium and 50-200mg/Kg of iodine.
In a preferred embodiment, the stone dust is white stone dust with uniform particle size obtained by crushing and screening, and the particle size of the stone dust is 1-2 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the laying hen compound feed after forced moulting, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing amino acids, complex enzyme preparation, compound vitamins and compound trace elements respectively for later use;
s2, weighing grains, soybean meal, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, liquorice protein, red date powder, eucommia leaf powder, vegetable cake, salt, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, baking soda and the amino acid, complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamin and complex microelement prepared in the step S1 for later use;
S3, respectively crushing the grains, the bean pulp, the sesame pulp and the vegetable cake, and sieving the crushed materials by a sieve of 2.0mm-3.0mm for later use;
s4, weighing the probiotic preparation and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag according to the parts by weight respectively, stirring and mixing the probiotic preparation and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag by using brown sugar water (the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the water is 1: 30-80) at the temperature of 35-40 ℃, then placing the mixture into a heat-preservation stainless steel closed container at the temperature of 35-42 ℃ for activation for 5-10 hours, and keeping the stirring speed of 20 revolutions per second during the activation process, wherein the activation liquid is reserved.
S5, adding the powder prepared in the step S3 and the rest raw materials in the step S2 into a double-shaft horizontal mixer, uniformly mixing, and mixing for 50-200S to obtain a mixture.
S6, adding the mixture into a modulator at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ for modulation for 1 minute, and then using a compression ratio of 1: 9-11, and granulating by a granulator with the diameter of the circular mould of 3.0 mm.
And S7, uniformly spraying the grease weighed according to the weight parts and the activating solution prepared from S4 into the granulated material prepared from the S6 through post-spraying equipment, and cooling by using a cooler to obtain the molting-changed laying hen granulated compound feed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, various raw materials and functional additives are scientifically compounded, the production process is improved, and the growth and disease resistance of the forced moulting laying hens are obviously improved, so that the production performance of the forced moulting laying hens is improved;
(1) The prepared laying hen compound feed after moulting is reasonably matched, the laying hen feed prepared by combining the modern scientific technology has the characteristics of high energy, low protein, low fiber and the like, the feed intake of laying hens is low, excrement is dried and formed, the feed composition comprises the raw materials of red date powder, eucommia leaf powder and the like, wherein the red date powder contains protein, saccharides, multiple amino acids, carotene, vitamin A and trace elements, can supplement the blood source of the laying hens, promotes the formation of ova thin , can play an effective auxiliary role in enteritis, escherichia coli and egg laying fatigue, can prolong the egg laying period, and has a more obvious effect when being matched with other raw materials in the invention; the eucommia ulmoides leaf powder contains conventional nutritional ingredients such as fat, protein, vitamins and mineral elements and pharmacologically active ingredients such as chlorogenic acid, aucubin and pinoresinol diglucoside, and has the functions of protecting the liver and the kidney, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, preventing and treating metabolic diseases and the like, so that the production performance of animals is improved, the quality of livestock and poultry products is improved, and the effect of the eucommia ulmoides leaf powder is more obvious when the eucommia ulmoides leaf powder is matched with other raw materials in the invention;
(2) the licorice protein in the invention can improve the palatability of the feed, promote the growth of animals and improve the production efficiency, and improve the yield and quality of meat, eggs, milk and other products, and the glycyrrhizic acid and the licorice flavone contained in the licorice protein have higher functions of enhancing immunity, resisting bacteria and viruses, protecting the liver, preventing and treating respiratory tract and digestive tract diseases and the like; the glycyrrhizic acid can protect animal liver, enhance liver function, promote animal growth and improve the conversion rate of animal feed; enhancing the anti-stress capability of animals, and reducing the harm of feed and environmental source toxins to the animals; licoflavone has effects of relieving inflammation and itching, sterilizing intestinal tract, preventing and treating digestive tract ulcer, enhancing animal immunity, and improving animal disease resistance; the liquiritin can better play the role of the liquiritin when being used together with other raw materials in the invention;
(3) After the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag is matched with probiotics for use, the propagation of the probiotics can be promoted, the micro-ecological balance of animal intestinal tracts can be adjusted, the intestinal health can be promoted, effective components contained in the Chinese herbal medicine can better play a role, and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag can better help the moulting laying hens to recover reproductive function, enhance immunity and reduce diseases;
(4) the moulting granulated compound feed for laying hens has the advantages of simple preparation process, wide raw material source and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following more detailed description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
The compound feed for forced moulting laying hens comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
50 parts of corn, 15 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of sesame meal, 3 parts of corn protein powder, 1 part of vegetable cake, 2 parts of liquiritin, 2 parts of red date powder, 1 part of eucommia leaf powder, 7 parts of stone powder, 0.5 part of grease, 0.2 part of salt, 0.6 part of amino acid, 0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2 part of vitamin complex, 0.1 part of compound trace element, 0.06 part of complex enzyme preparation, 0.1 part of baking soda, 2 parts of Chinese herbal medicine compound package and 0.2 part of probiotic preparation.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively preparing amino acids, a complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamins and complex trace elements for later use;
s2, weighing grains, soybean meal, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, liquorice protein, red date powder, eucommia leaf powder, vegetable cake, salt, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, baking soda and the amino acid, complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamin and complex microelement prepared in the step S1 for later use;
S3, respectively crushing the grains, the bean pulp, the sesame pulp and the vegetable cake, and sieving the crushed materials with a 2.0mm sieve for later use;
s4, weighing the probiotic preparation and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag according to the parts by weight respectively, stirring and mixing the probiotic preparation and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag by using brown sugar water with the temperature of 35 ℃ (the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the water is 1: 30), then placing the mixture into a heat-preservation stainless steel closed container with the temperature of 35 ℃ for activation for 5 hours, and keeping the stirring speed of 20 r/S in the activation process, wherein the activation liquid is reserved.
S5, adding the powder prepared in the step S3 and the rest raw materials in the step S2 into a double-shaft horizontal mixer, uniformly mixing, and mixing for 80S to obtain a mixture.
S6, adding the mixture to a 75 ℃ modulator, modulating for 1 minute, and then compressing the mixture with a compression ratio of 1: 9. granulating with a granulator with a ring die diameter of 3.0 mm.
And S7, uniformly spraying the grease weighed according to the weight parts and the activating solution prepared from S4 into the granulated material prepared from the S6 through post-spraying equipment, and cooling by using a cooler to obtain the molting-changed laying hen granulated compound feed.
Example 2
The compound feed for forced moulting laying hens comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
55 parts of corn, 18 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of sesame meal, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 2 parts of vegetable cake, 3 parts of liquiritin, 4 parts of red date powder, 3 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 8 parts of stone powder, 0.8 part of grease, 0.25 part of salt, 0.8 part of amino acid, 0.8 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.2 part of vitamin complex, 0.2 part of compound trace element, 0.08 part of complex enzyme preparation, 0.2 part of baking soda, 3 parts of Chinese herbal medicine compound package and 0.3 part of probiotic preparation are accurately weighed.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively preparing amino acids, a complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamins and complex trace elements for later use;
s2, weighing grains, soybean meal, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, liquorice protein, red date powder, eucommia leaf powder, vegetable cake, salt, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, baking soda and the amino acid, complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamin and complex microelement prepared in the step S1 for later use;
s3, respectively crushing the grains, the bean pulp, the sesame pulp and the vegetable cake, and sieving the crushed materials with a 2.5mm sieve for later use;
s4, weighing the probiotic preparation and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag according to the parts by weight respectively, stirring and mixing the probiotic preparation and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag by using brown sugar water at 38 ℃ (the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the water is 1: 50), then placing the mixture into a heat-preservation stainless steel closed container at 38 ℃ for activation for 8 hours, and keeping the stirring speed of 20 r/S in the activation process, wherein the activation liquid is reserved.
S5, adding the powder prepared in the step S3 and the rest raw materials in the step S2 into a double-shaft horizontal mixer, uniformly mixing, and mixing for 120S to obtain a mixture.
S6, adding the mixture to a 80 ℃ modulator, modulating for 1 minute, and then compressing the mixture with a compression ratio of 1: 10. granulating with a granulator with a ring die diameter of 3.0 mm.
And S7, uniformly spraying the grease weighed according to the parts by weight and the activation solution prepared by the S4 into the granulated material prepared by the granulating step S6 through post-spraying equipment, and cooling by using a cooler to obtain the molting-changed granulated compound feed for the laying hens.
Example 3
A forced moulting laying hen compound feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of accurately weighing 60 parts of corn, 25 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of sesame meal, 3 parts of corn protein powder, 3 parts of vegetable cake, 5 parts of liquiritin, 6 parts of red date powder, 5 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 9 parts of mountain flour, 1.0 part of grease, 0.3 part of salt, 0.9 part of amino acid, 1.2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3 part of vitamin complex, 0.3 part of compound trace element, 0.1 part of complex enzyme preparation, 0.3 part of baking soda, 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine compound bag and 0.5 part of probiotic preparation.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively preparing amino acids, a complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamins and complex trace elements for later use;
s2, weighing grains, soybean meal, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, liquorice protein, red date powder, eucommia leaf powder, vegetable cake, salt, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, baking soda and the amino acid, complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamin and complex microelement prepared in the step S1 for later use;
S3, respectively crushing the grains, the bean pulp, the sesame seed pulp and the vegetable cake, and sieving the crushed grains, the bean pulp, the sesame seed pulp and the vegetable cake by a 3.0mm sieve for later use;
s4, weighing the probiotic preparation and the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag according to the parts by weight respectively, stirring and mixing with brown sugar water (the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the water is 1: 80) at 40 ℃, then placing the mixture in a heat-preservation stainless steel closed container at 42 ℃ for activation for 10 hours, and keeping the stirring speed of 20 r/S in the activation process, and keeping the activation liquid for later use.
S5, adding the powder prepared in the step S3 and the rest raw materials in the step S2 into a double-shaft horizontal mixer, uniformly mixing for 150S to obtain a mixture.
S6, the mixture was put into a 85 ℃ conditioner and conditioned for 1 minute, and then the mixture was mixed with a mixer at a compression ratio of 1: 11. granulating by a granulator with a ring die diameter of 3.0 mm.
And S7, uniformly spraying the grease weighed according to the weight parts and the activating solution prepared from S4 into the granulated material prepared from the S6 through post-spraying equipment, and cooling by using a cooler to obtain the molting-changed laying hen granulated compound feed.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method comprises the following steps of accurately weighing 60 parts of corn, 25 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of sesame meal, 3 parts of corn protein powder, 3 parts of vegetable cake, 5 parts of liquiritin, 6 parts of red date powder, 5 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 9 parts of mountain flour, 1.0 part of grease, 0.3 part of salt, 0.9 part of amino acid, 1.2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3 part of compound vitamin, 0.3 part of compound trace element, 0.1 part of compound enzyme preparation, 0.3 part of baking soda and 5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine compound bag.
The preparation steps of the feed are as follows:
s1, preparing amino acids, complex enzyme preparation, compound vitamins and compound trace elements respectively for later use;
s2, weighing grains, soybean meal, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, liquiritin, red date powder, eucommia leaf powder, vegetable cake, salt, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, baking soda and the amino acid, complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamin and complex microelement prepared in the step S1 for later use;
s3, respectively crushing the grains, the bean pulp, the sesame seed pulp and the vegetable cake, and sieving the crushed grains, the bean pulp, the sesame seed pulp and the vegetable cake by a 3.0mm sieve for later use;
s4, weighing the Chinese herbal medicine compound bags according to the parts by weight respectively;
s5, adding the powder prepared in the step S3 and the rest raw materials in the step S2 into a double-shaft horizontal mixer, uniformly mixing, and mixing for 150S to obtain a mixture.
S6, adding the mixture to a 85 ℃ modulator, modulating for 1 minute, and then compressing the mixture with a compression ratio of 1: 11. granulating with a granulator with a ring die diameter of 3.0 mm.
S7, enabling the granules granulated in the step S6 to pass through post-spraying equipment, uniformly spraying the grease weighed according to the parts by weight and cooling by using a cooler to obtain the comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method comprises the following steps of accurately weighing 60 parts of corn, 25 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of sesame meal, 3 parts of corn protein powder, 3 parts of vegetable cake, 5 parts of liquiritin, 6 parts of red date powder, 5 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 9 parts of stone powder, 1.0 part of grease, 0.3 part of salt, 0.9 part of amino acid, 1.2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.3 part of vitamin complex, 0.3 part of compound trace element, 0.1 part of complex enzyme preparation, 0.3 part of baking soda and 0.5 part of probiotic preparation.
The preparation steps of the feed are as follows:
s1, respectively preparing a probiotic preparation, amino acids, a complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamins and complex trace elements for later use;
s2, weighing grains, soybean meal, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, liquorice protein, red date powder, eucommia leaf powder, vegetable cake, salt, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, baking soda and the amino acid, complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamin and complex microelement prepared in the step S1 for later use;
s3, respectively crushing the grains, the bean pulp, the sesame pulp and the vegetable cake, and sieving the crushed materials by a 3.0mm sieve for later use;
s4, adding the powder prepared in the step S3 and the rest raw materials in the step S2 into a double-shaft horizontal mixer, uniformly mixing, and mixing for 150S to obtain a mixture.
S5, adding the mixture to a 85 ℃ modulator, modulating for 1 minute, and then compressing the mixture with a compression ratio of 1: 11. granulating with a granulator with a ring die diameter of 3.0 mm.
S6, enabling the granules granulated in the step S6 to pass through post-spraying equipment, uniformly spraying the grease weighed according to the parts by weight, and cooling by using a cooler to obtain the comparative example 2.
Comparative example 3
The formula of the compound feed for the common laying hens is as follows: 58 parts of corn, 12 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of bran, 0.8 part of soybean oil, 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate, 8 parts of stone powder, 0.3 part of salt, 0.2 part of compound vitamin, 0.5 part of compound trace element, 0.15 part of methionine, 0.4 part of 70% lysine, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.01 part of phytase and 0.02 part of compound enzyme.
The formula feeds of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are used for feeding post-moulting laying hens, and the experiment is carried out:
selecting 3600 feathers of experimental feathered laying hens as experimental objects, dividing the experimental objects into 6 groups, randomly selecting 3 groups of the experimental objects to feed by using the feathered laying hen pellet feed prepared by the method of the embodiment 1-3, and feeding the rest 3 groups of experimental objects by using the laying hen feed prepared by the comparative example 1, the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 3 respectively, wherein each group is repeated by 3 times, and each group is repeated by 200 times.
The production site comprises: the feeds of examples 1 to 3 and the layer feeds prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 were produced by Shaanxi river sheep feed Co.
A breeding mode: adopting artificial illumination, illuminating for 16 hours every day, mechanically ventilating, manually feeding, freely drinking water and feeding, and regularly feeding three times a day;
test time: the test period was 80 days, with a pre-feeding period of 3 days.
Test site: shanxi province Jingyang county Haoyian farm.
The daily record is recorded, the laying rate, the egg weight, the feed intake and the body weight after the beginning of each group of experiments are counted, and the body weight, the uniformity and the feed-egg ratio are calculated, and the results are shown in tables 1-3:
TABLE 1 Effect of the feed groups on the recovery of the body weight of hens after moulting after 40 days
As can be seen from Table 1, the average body weight of the modified-feather laying hens of examples 1-3 was significantly higher than that of the laying hens of comparative examples 1-3 after being continuously fed for 40 days with the modified-feather laying hen feed of the present invention, wherein the body weight of example 3 was increased by 7.4% compared to that of comparative example 3. The average levels of examples 1-3 were higher than the average levels of comparative examples 1-3 with respect to uniformity of body weight, wherein the uniformity of example 3 was 11.1% higher than the uniformity of body weight of comparative example 3. Of comparative examples 1-3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 gave slightly higher body weights and body weight uniformity than comparative example 3.
TABLE 2 influence of the feed groups on the recovery of the laying performance of the post-moulting laying hens after 40 days
| Group of | Laying rate% | Egg weight g/piece | Feed intake g/d | Material to egg ratio |
| Example 1 | 80 | 63.2 | 117 | 2.275 |
| Example 2 | 83 | 63.5 | 116 | 2.201 |
| Example 3 | 85 | 63.8 | 116 | 2.121 |
| Comparative example 1 | 77 | 62.3 | 117 | 2.439 |
| Comparative example 2 | 75 | 61.7 | 118 | 2.550 |
| Comparative example 3 | 74 | 61.3 | 118 | 2.601 |
As can be seen from Table 2, after the feed for the moulting laying hens in the invention is continuously fed for 40 days, the average laying rate of the moulting laying hens in the groups of examples 1-3 is obviously higher than that of the laying hens in the comparative examples 1-3, wherein the laying rate of the example 3 is improved by 14.8 percent compared with that of the comparative example 3; the average egg weight levels of examples 1-3 were slightly higher than those of comparative examples 1-3, with example 3 having an egg weight 4.0% higher than that of comparative example 3; in terms of feed intake, the average feed intake of examples 1 to 3 was not significantly different from that of comparative examples 1 to 3; the average level of the feed-egg ratio of the groups of examples 1-3 is obviously lower than that of the comparative examples 1-3, wherein the feed-egg ratio of example 3 is 22.6 percent lower than that of the comparative example 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of 80 days post-feeding on the recovery of post-moulting laying hen performance
| Group of | Laying rate% | Egg weight g/piece | Feed intake g/d | Material to egg ratio |
| Example 1 | 84 | 64.1 | 118 | 2.192 |
| Example 2 | 88 | 64.3 | 120 | 2.121 |
| Example 3 | 91 | 65 | 119 | 2.012 |
| Comparative example 1 | 85 | 63.5 | 120 | 2.223 |
| Comparative example 2 | 84 | 62.9 | 121 | 2.290 |
| Comparative example 3 | 82 | 62.5 | 120 | 2.341 |
As can be seen from Table 3, after the feed for the haired laying hens in the invention is continuously fed for 80 days, the average laying rate of the haired laying hens in the groups of the examples 1-3 is obviously higher than that of the laying hens in the comparative examples 1-3, wherein the laying rate of the example 3 is improved by 10.9 percent compared with that of the comparative example 3; the average egg weight levels of examples 1-3 were slightly higher than the average egg weight levels of comparative examples 1-3, with example 3 having an egg weight 4.0% higher than that of comparative example 3; in terms of feed intake, the average feed intake of examples 1 to 3 was not significantly different from that of comparative examples 1 to 3; in the feed-to-egg ratio, the average level of the feed-to-egg ratio of the groups of the examples 1 to 3 is obviously lower than that of the comparative examples 1 to 3, wherein the feed-to-egg ratio of the example 3 is 16.3 percent lower than that of the comparative example 3.
The invention shows that the treated Chinese herbal medicine compound bag and the probiotics are added into the feed simultaneously, so that the weight recovery speed and the weight uniformity of the moulting laying hens can be obviously improved, and the laying rate and the egg weight level of the moulting laying hens can be obviously improved. After the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag or the probiotics are independently added, although the weight, the uniformity, the laying rate and the egg weight can be improved, the increase range is not obvious enough.
In conclusion, the granulated feed prepared by scientifically compounding various raw materials, Chinese herbal medicines and probiotics has the characteristics of high utilization rate, feed saving and the like, so that the weight and the production performance of the laying hens after moulting are improved.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to these embodiments. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
40-65 parts of grains, 5-25 parts of soybean meal, 1-6 parts of sesame meal, 1-7 parts of corn protein powder, 1-3 parts of vegetable cake, 1-6 parts of liquiritin, 2-7 parts of red date powder, 1-5 parts of eucommia leaf powder, 6-9 parts of stone powder, 0.3-1.0 part of grease, 0.1-0.3 part of salt, 0.2-0.9 part of amino acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.1-0.5 part of compound microelement, 0.05-0.1 part of preparation, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium bicarbonate complex enzyme, 1-5 parts of Chinese herbal medicine compound package and 0.2-0.5 part of probiotic preparation.
2. The compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag is at least one of a schisandra chinensis aqueous extract, an eucommia ulmoides leaf aqueous extract, a prepared rehmannia root aqueous extract, an astragalus mongholicus aqueous extract, a honeysuckle aqueous extract and a motherwort aqueous extract.
3. The compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting as claimed in claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the schisandra chinensis aqueous extract, the eucommia ulmoides leaf aqueous extract, the prepared rehmannia root aqueous extract, the astragalus mongholicus aqueous extract, the honeysuckle aqueous extract and the motherwort aqueous extract in the Chinese herbal medicine compound bag is 1: (0.2-1.0): (0.5-1.5): (0.2-0.8): (1-4): (1-3).
4. The compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the probiotics is at least one of bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and bacillus subtilis.
5. The compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amino acids comprise lysine sulfate, methionine, threonine and tryptophan, and the weight ratio of the lysine to the methionine to the threonine to the tryptophan is 1 (0.3-1.0) to (0.2-0.8) to (0.1-0.5).
6. The compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound enzyme preparation comprises 5000-10000U/g xylanase, 800-800U/g beta-glucanase, 50-150U/g beta-mannase, 50-150U/g cellulase and 3000U/g protease.
7. The compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vitamin complex comprises 8000KIU/Kg of vitamin A1000-.
8. The compound feed for laying hens after forced moulting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound trace elements comprise 10000-50000mg/Kg of iron, 1000-5000mg/Kg of copper, 10000-50000mg/Kg of zinc, 10000-50000mg/Kg of manganese, 50-200mg/Kg of selenium and 50-200mg/Kg of iodine.
9. The preparation method of the laying hen compound feed after forced moulting according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing amino acids, complex enzyme preparation, compound vitamins and compound trace elements respectively for later use;
s2, weighing grains, soybean meal, sesame meal, corn gluten meal, liquiritin, red date powder, eucommia leaf powder, vegetable cake, salt, stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, baking soda and the amino acid, complex enzyme preparation, complex vitamin and complex microelement prepared in the step S1 for later use;
s3, respectively crushing the grains, the bean pulp, the sesame pulp and the vegetable cake, and sieving the crushed grains, the bean pulp, the sesame pulp and the vegetable cake by a sieve of 2.0mm to 3.0mm for later use;
s4, weighing probiotic preparation and Chinese herbal medicine compound bag according to weight parts respectively, stirring and mixing with brown sugar water at 35-40 ℃, activating for 5-10 hours in a closed container at 35-42 ℃, and keeping stirring speed of 20 r/S in the activation process to obtain activation liquid for later use;
S5, mixing the powder prepared in the step S3 with the rest raw materials in the step S2 for 50-200S to obtain a mixture;
s6, preparing the mixture for 1 minute at the temperature of 75-85 ℃, and then granulating;
and S7, spraying the granular material granulated in the step S6, uniformly spraying the grease weighed according to the weight parts and the activating solution prepared in the step S4, and cooling to obtain the feed.
10. The method for preparing the laying hen compound feed after forced moulting according to claim 9, wherein the granulation is carried out by adopting a compression ratio of 1: 9-11, and granulating by using a granulator with a circular die diameter of 3.0 mm.
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