CN114514958B - Preparation method and application method of complete feed for fattening cattle - Google Patents
Preparation method and application method of complete feed for fattening cattle Download PDFInfo
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a preparation method and a use method of a complete feed for fattening cattle, wherein the preparation method of the complete feed for fattening cattle comprises the steps of processing corn stalks into green feed with the length of 7-10cm and the stalk diameter of less than 0.04cm, then compounding the green feed with processed bean curd residues and cassava residues, adding premix, and finally briquetting. The briquetted complete feed obtained by the application can be used as complete daily ration, and can meet the total nutrition requirement of beef cattle without adding coarse feed. Is convenient for storage and transportation, and nutrients are not easy to lose, and can be rapidly dispersed when in use.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The application relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a preparation method and a use method of a complete feed for fattening cattle.
[ background Art ]
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people in China, the beef demand is more and more increased, so that the beef breeding technology is more and more concerned, especially the selection of the beef feed is more and more concerned about the growth quality and the beef quality of the cattle, and the fattening stage is an important growth stage of the cattle. The whole grain cattle feed is a mainstream processing direction in transportation and preservation, and the fibers of the traditional granular cattle feed are cut off or crushed in the processing process due to the processing technology, and the longest fibers only remain the fibers with the lengths of the granular feed, so that the existing granular cattle feed can only be used as one of the raw materials and cannot be used as the whole grain cattle feed, and the application of the granular feed in cattle is severely restricted. But also restricts the development of the cattle industry.
The prior briquetting feed is easy to transport and is limited by the volume, the growing requirement of fattening cattle cannot be met, particularly the ruminant requirement of fattening cattle cannot be directly used as complete ration, and the complete ration feed product which is easy to transport and can solve the problem of lack of long fiber and can be directly utilized is urgently needed in the market.
[ application ]
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a complete feed for fattening cattle, which is shelf stable, convenient to transport, and easy to use, and can meet the ruminant needs of fattening cattle.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
2. a preparation method of complete feed for fattening cattle comprises the following steps:
(1) Processing corn stalks into green materials with the length of 7-10cm and the stalk diameter of less than 0.04cm, processing sugarcane tail leaves and mugwort leaves into green materials with the length of 7-10cm, mixing the corn stalks, the sugarcane tail leaves and the mugwort leaves, and drying until the moisture content is 12-15%, thus obtaining mixed green materials for standby; wherein, the stalk diameter is the cross section diameter or width of the stalk;
(2) Mixing bean curd residue and cassava residue according to the mass ratio of 1:2-3, drying until the water content is 12-15%, then sending the mixture into a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a bulked concentrate, and adding steam tabletting corn accounting for 0.2-0.6 times of the bulked concentrate into the bulked concentrate to obtain a mixed concentrate for standby;
(3) Uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed green material obtained in the step (1), the mixed fine material obtained in the step (2) and the premix according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1-2:0.5 to obtain a mixed feed for standby;
(4) And briquetting the mixed feed to obtain a briquetted feed, namely the complete feed for fattening cattle.
Wherein, the stalk diameter is the cross section diameter or width of the stalk.
The premix is a premix of clenbar An Niuyang from clenbar agriculture technologies, inc. of Anhui province, with CAS number 182.25.
Furthermore, the corn stalks, the sugarcane tail leaves and the mugwort in the step (1) are freshly picked, wherein the mass ratio of the corn stalks to the sugarcane tail leaves to the mugwort is 2-3:1-2:1.
Furthermore, the lengths of the corn stalks, the sugarcane tail leaves and the mugwort are all 7cm after the corn stalks, the sugarcane tail leaves and the mugwort are processed in the step (1).
Further, the specific mode of the pressing block in the step (4) is as follows: putting the mixed feed into a briquetting machine, and briquetting under the condition of 20-25Mpa by adopting a layer-by-layer compression mode; and (4) carrying out one-time pressing operation on each mixed feed, and putting the mixed feed for 4-5 times to obtain a pressed feed.
The obtained briquetting feed has the following specification: each block has a mass of 7cm by 7cm and a density of about 0.27kg and about 0.8g/cm 3 。
The application also provides a use method of the complete feed for fattening cattle, which comprises the following steps: (1) taking water with the weight 0.3-0.4 times of the weight of the complete feed for fattening cattle, adding brown sugar and silage strains into the water, and stirring for dissolving to obtain additive liquid; (2) pouring the complete feed for fattening cattle into a stirrer, adding additive liquid while stirring, uniformly mixing the additive liquid with the feed, and standing for 5-10min to obtain the feed for fattening cattle.
Further, the addition amount of the brown sugar is that 10kg of brown sugar is added into each ton of water; the addition amount of the silage strain is 2kg of silage strain added into each ton of water.
The application also provides a method for fattening cattle cultivation by adopting the complete feed for fattening cattle, which comprises the following steps: firstly pouring the complete feed for fattening cattle into a stirrer, adding additive liquid while stirring to ensure that the additive liquid is uniformly mixed with the feed, standing for 5-10min to prepare a feed, and then feeding the fattening cattle with the feed in a daily feeding amount which is 2.5-3.5% of the weight of each fattening cattle.
Further, the additive solution is obtained by the following method: taking water with the weight 0.3-0.4 times of the weight of the complete feed for fattening cattle, adding brown sugar and silage strains into the water, and stirring for dissolving to obtain additive liquid; wherein, the addition amount of the brown sugar is that 10kg of brown sugar is added into each ton of water; the addition amount of the silage strain is 2kg of silage strain added into each ton of water.
The application has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the briquetted complete feed obtained by the application can be directly used as complete daily ration, and can meet the total nutrition requirement of beef cattle without adding coarse feed. The corn straw is used as green fodder, the corn straw is firstly processed into the green fodder with the length of 7-10cm before use, the green fodder under the length can meet the ruminant requirement of fattening cattle, the cattle is ruminant animals, and the normal digestion effect and rumen health of the cattle can be guaranteed only by guaranteeing the normal ruminant behavior of the cattle; the ruminant mainly relies on the stimulation of fiber feed, but the applicant finds that the fiber length needed by different domestic animals and different growth periods of the same domestic animal is different, and further researches find that the fiber length is about 7cm which is the optimal fiber length for stimulating the ruminant of the fattening cattle, so that the maximum digestibility of the straw feed is ensured; in addition, the pretreated bean curd residue and cassava residue are used as concentrate, the puffed flavor is more fragrant, the taste is better, the palatability of the feed can be improved, and the pretreated concentrate is compounded in the fattening cattle feed, so that the feed is easy to absorb water and expand, and can be rapidly dispersed when meeting water, so that the moisture of the feed can be recovered; the organic combination of the raw materials can obtain the fattening cattle feed with good palatability, in addition, the feed is pressed in a layer-by-layer pressing mode, firstly, the length of the green feed can be maintained (after the feed is completely pressed in a conventional mode, the feed is cut according to the required size and cannot maintain the original green feed length), secondly, the feed blocks containing multiple layers are more convenient to rapidly scatter the feed by adding water before feeding.
2. The application also discloses a using method of the complete feed for fattening cattle, which comprises the steps of preparing an additive solution, stirring the additive solution, adding the additive solution into the feed, wherein the additive solution contains brown sugar and silage strains, and the silage strains can provide probiotics and simultaneously avoid feed spoilage; the combination of the two can effectively prevent putrefying bacteria from being rapidly increased, improve the preservation time, provide probiotic bacteria for the cattle, improve the growth and fattening speed of the cattle and promote the growth and development health of the cattle. The treated feed can be directly fed to fattening cattle, and the nutrient is exerted to the maximum value. The existing briquetting feed is generally directly fed, has hard and dry mouthfeel and poor palatability, or is prepared into pellet feed, so that the length of forage grass cannot be ensured, and the ruminant needs of fattening cattle cannot be met; in addition, the existing briquetting feed is directly added with microorganisms and then briquetted together, so that the pressure and temperature in the briquetting process can possibly reduce the activity of strains, more importantly, the production purpose of the briquetting feed is mainly preservation-resistant, and if the strains are added in the early stage, the strains are exposed for a long time in the preservation process, so that the activity of the microorganisms is reduced in the existing mode.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the briquetting machine of example 1;
in the figure, 1, a feed inlet; 2. a feed channel; 3. a baffle; 4. pressing a material block; 5. a connecting rod, 6, a briquetting channel; 7. a reciprocating compression mechanism; 8. a discharge port; 9. a pull rod; 10. a reciprocating motion device; 11. and (5) feeding.
[ detailed description ] of the application
The following detailed description of the present application will provide further details in order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the application, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a briquetting machine, the structure diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, wherein the briquetting machine comprises a feed inlet 1, a feed channel 2, a briquetting channel 6, a baffle 3, a briquetting block 4, a connecting rod 5 and a reciprocating compression mechanism 7, the feed inlet 1 is communicated with the feed channel 2, the feed channel 2 is communicated with the briquetting channel 6, and the feed channel 2 and the briquetting channel 6 form a T shape together; a discharge hole 8 is formed in one end of the briquetting channel 6, a baffle plate 3 is arranged at the discharge hole 8, the baffle plate 3 is movable, and the briquetting channel 6 is opened and closed through movement of the baffle plate 3; the connecting rod 5 is connected with the pressing block 4, and both are positioned in the pressing block channel 6, and the pressing block 4 faces the baffle 3; the other end of the briquetting channel 6 is provided with a reciprocating compression mechanism 7, and the reciprocating compression mechanism 7 is connected with the connecting rod 5, so that the connecting rod 5 can drive the briquetting block 4 to reciprocate in the briquetting channel 6, and the fodder 11 is compressed;
the briquetting machine of the embodiment further comprises an automatic discharging system, wherein the automatic discharging system comprises a controller and a counter which are electrically connected, the baffle plate 3 is connected with a pull rod 9, the pull rod 9 is connected with a reciprocating device 10, a second rotating shaft is arranged on the reciprocating device 10, and a second rotating shaft is arranged on the reciprocating compression mechanism 7; the controller controls the operation/stop of the reciprocating compression mechanism 7 by controlling the first rotating shaft to rotate/stop; the controller controls the operation/stop of the reciprocating device 10 by controlling the rotation/rest of the second rotating shaft; the reciprocating device 10 can realize that the pull rod 9 pulls the baffle 3 to be far away from the briquetting channel 6, or drives the pull rod 9 to be connected with the briquetting channel 6, so that the structure is mature in the prior art, and the specific structure is not limited any more; the reciprocating compression mechanism 7 can realize that the connecting rod 5 drives the pressing block 4 to approach/depart from the baffle plate 3, so as to realize the briquetting of the feed 11, the structure which can be realized is the mature prior art, and the specific structure is not limited any more;
when the feed device is used, feed 11 is placed into a feed inlet 1, fed into a briquetting channel 6 through a feed channel 2, then a controller controls a reciprocating compression mechanism 7 to operate, so that a material pressing block 4 presses the fed feed 11 to a baffle plate 3, then the material pressing block 4 moves in the opposite direction of the baffle plate 3, moves to a position corresponding to the position away from the feed channel 2, and continuously feeds the feed 11, and the process is repeated; after 4-5 times of briquetting (the times can be set), the controller controls the reciprocating device 10 to drive the baffle plate 3 to move, so that the compression channel is opened, the feed 11 after briquetting is pushed out by the briquetting 4, then the controller controls the baffle plate 3 to put down, the operation is repeated, and the briquetting is continued.
Example 2:
the embodiment is a preparation method of complete feed for fattening cattle;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Processing freshly harvested corn stalks into green materials with the length of 8cm and the stalk diameter of less than 0.04cm, processing sugarcane tail leaves and mugwort leaves into green materials with the length of 8cm, mixing the corn stalks, the sugarcane tail leaves and the mugwort leaves, and drying until the moisture content is 12%, thereby obtaining mixed green materials for later use; the corn stalk, the sugarcane tail leaf and the mugwort are freshly picked, wherein the mass ratio of the corn stalk to the sugarcane tail leaf to the mugwort is 2:2:1; the stalk diameter is the cross section diameter or width of the stalk;
(2) Mixing bean curd residue and cassava residue according to the mass ratio of 1:2, drying until the water content is 12%, then sending the mixture into a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a bulked concentrate, and adding steam tabletting corn accounting for 0.2 times of the bulked concentrate into the bulked concentrate to obtain a mixed concentrate for standby;
(3) Uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed green material obtained in the step (1), the mixed fine material obtained in the step (2) and the premix according to the mass ratio of 2:1:0.5 to obtain a mixed feed for later use;
(4) Briquetting the mixed feed to obtain a briquetted feed, namely the complete feed for fattening cattle; the specific mode of the pressing block is as follows: the mixed feed is put into a briquetting machine for a small amount of times, and briquettes are carried out under the condition of 20Mpa by adopting a layer-by-layer compression mode; carrying out a pressing operation once every time mixed feed is put into the mixed feed, and obtaining a pressed feed after the mixed feed is put into the mixed feed for 4 times; the briquetting machine used in this example was the briquetting machine described in example 1.
Example 3:
the embodiment is a preparation method of complete feed for fattening cattle;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Processing freshly harvested corn stalks into green materials with the length of 7cm and the stalk diameter of less than 0.04cm, processing sugarcane tail leaves and mugwort leaves into green materials with the length of 7cm, mixing the corn stalks, the sugarcane tail leaves and the mugwort leaves, and drying until the moisture content is 14%, thereby obtaining mixed green materials for later use; the corn stalk, the sugarcane tail leaf and the mugwort are freshly picked, wherein the mass ratio of the corn stalk to the sugarcane tail leaf to the mugwort is 3:1:1; the stalk diameter is the cross section diameter or width of the stalk;
(2) Mixing bean curd residue and cassava residue according to the mass ratio of 1:3, drying until the water content is 14%, then sending the mixture into a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a bulked concentrate, and adding steam tabletting corn accounting for 0.5 times of the bulked concentrate into the bulked concentrate to obtain a mixed concentrate for standby;
(3) Uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed green material obtained in the step (1), the mixed fine material obtained in the step (2) and the premix according to the mass ratio of 3:1:0.5 to obtain a mixed feed for later use;
(4) Briquetting the mixed feed to obtain a briquetted feed, namely the complete feed for fattening cattle; the specific mode of the pressing block is as follows: the mixed feed is put into a briquetting machine for a small amount of times, and briquettes are carried out under the condition of the pressure of 22Mpa in a layer-by-layer compression mode; carrying out a pressing operation once every time mixed feed is put into the mixed feed, and putting the mixed feed into the mixed feed for 5 times to obtain a pressed feed; the briquetting machine used in this example was the briquetting machine described in example 1.
Example 4:
the embodiment is a preparation method of complete feed for fattening cattle;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Processing freshly harvested corn stalks into green materials with the length of 10cm and the stalk diameter of less than 0.04cm, processing sugarcane tail leaves and mugwort leaves into green materials with the length of 10cm, mixing the corn stalks, the sugarcane tail leaves and the mugwort leaves, and drying until the moisture content is 15%, thereby obtaining mixed green materials for later use; the corn stalk, the sugarcane tail leaf and the mugwort are freshly picked, wherein the mass ratio of the corn stalk to the sugarcane tail leaf to the mugwort is 3:2:1; the stalk diameter is the cross section diameter or width of the stalk;
(2) Mixing bean curd residue and cassava residue according to the mass ratio of 1:3, drying until the water content is 15%, then sending the mixture into a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a bulked concentrate, and adding steam tabletting corn accounting for 0.6 times of the bulked concentrate into the bulked concentrate to obtain a mixed concentrate for standby;
(3) Uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed green material obtained in the step (1), the mixed fine material obtained in the step (2) and the premix according to the mass ratio of 2:1:0.5 to obtain a mixed feed for later use;
(4) Briquetting the mixed feed to obtain a briquetted feed, namely the complete feed for fattening cattle; the specific mode of the pressing block is as follows: the mixed feed is put into a briquetting machine for a small amount of times, and briquettes are carried out under the condition of 25Mpa by adopting a layer-by-layer compression mode; carrying out a pressing operation once every time mixed feed is put into the mixed feed, and putting the mixed feed into the mixed feed for 5 times to obtain a pressed feed; the briquetting machine used in this example was the briquetting machine described in example 1.
In order to illustrate the practical value of the feed preparation method of the present application, the applicant compared the effect of using the feed obtained by the following group of processing means;
the following groups are included:
a first group: the complete feed for fattening cattle described in example 3;
second group: removing the puffing treatment of the cassava residues and the bean curd residues, and the other modes are the same as the first group;
third group: adding an additive liquid into the step (3) and uniformly mixing, wherein the additive liquid is obtained by adding 10 kg/ton of brown sugar and 2 kg/ton of silage strain of water into water (the water is 0.3 times of the mass of other materials), stirring and dissolving; otherwise the same as in the first group;
fourth group: the mode of briquetting is: the feed is put into a compression box of a commercial hydraulic forage bundling machine, and conventional briquetting is carried out through mechanical movement, and other modes are the same as those of the first group;
first, the average break-up time after washing the feed water obtained in the above group was compared and recorded as in table 1:
table 1 average spread time after water absorption for each group of feeds
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the feed obtained by the preparation method of the application has short water absorption and dispersion time, can be quickly recovered to a state of being capable of being used as a feed, and has strong water absorption and better palatability.
Example 5:
the embodiment is a use method of a complete feed for fattening cattle;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water with the weight 0.3 times of that of the fattening cattle complete feed obtained in the example 3, adding brown sugar and silage strains into the water, and stirring for dissolution to obtain an additive solution; (2) the complete feed for fattening cattle obtained in the example 3 is poured into a stirrer, and the additive liquid is added while stirring, so that the additive liquid and the feed are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is kept stand for 5 minutes, so that the obtained material can be used for feeding the fattening cattle.
The addition amount of the brown sugar is that 10kg of brown sugar is added into each ton of water; the addition amount of the silage strain is 2kg of silage strain added into each ton of water.
Example 6:
the embodiment is a use method of a complete feed for fattening cattle;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) taking water with the weight 0.4 times of that of the fattening cattle complete feed obtained in the example 3, adding brown sugar and silage strains into the water, and stirring for dissolution to obtain an additive solution; (2) the complete feed for fattening cattle obtained in example 3 is poured into a stirrer, and an additive solution is added while stirring, so that the additive solution and the feed are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is kept stand for 10 minutes, so that the obtained material can be used for feeding the fattening cattle.
The addition amount of the brown sugar is that 10kg of brown sugar is added into each ton of water; the addition amount of the silage strain is 2kg of silage strain added into each ton of water.
In order to illustrate the practical value of the feed preparation method of the application combined with the use method, the applicant compares the use effects of feeds of the following groups;
the following groups are included:
fifth group: the material described in example 6;
sixth group: adding additive liquid into the feed obtained in the third group in the feed precursor, wherein the additive liquid is obtained by adding 10 kg/ton of brown sugar and 2 kg/ton of silage strain in water (accounting for 0.3 times of the mass of other materials) and stirring and dissolving; the same procedure was followed except that the same amount of water was used to mix the mixture prior to use;
seventh group: the feed obtained in the example 3 is directly used, and brown sugar, water and silage strains are not added;
eighth group: removing brown sugar, and other modes are the same as the fifth group;
ninth group: removing the silage strain which is the raw material, and the other modes are the same as the fifth group;
tenth group: the silage strain is replaced by EM strain, and other modes are the same as those of the fifth group;
comparing the effect of the above group of feeds, comparing the feeding of the same amount (daily feeding amount is 2.5% of the weight of each fattening cattle fed with the briquetted feed), the trough residence time, and the ammonia concentration of the cowshed, as shown in table 2:
table 2 comparison table of the effect of use of several groups of feeds
The trough residence time refers to the time that feed can be stored in the trough in summer when the temperature is greater than 30 degrees celsius.
As is clear from the results in Table 2, the additive solution obtained by mixing silage strain, brown sugar and water is added before feeding, so that the preservation time of the feed in a trough can be prolonged conveniently, namely the feed obtained by adopting the method of the application is not easy to spoil, and the ammonia concentration of a cowshed can be reduced.
Example 7:
the embodiment provides a method for fattening cattle cultivation, which comprises the following steps: firstly, pouring the complete feed for fattening cattle obtained in the embodiment 3 into a stirrer, adding an additive liquid while stirring to ensure that the additive liquid is uniformly mixed with the feed, standing for 5min to prepare a feed, and then feeding the cattle in a fattening period with the feed, wherein the daily feeding amount is 2.5% of the weight of each fattening cattle.
The additive solution is obtained by the following method: taking water with the weight 0.3 times of the weight of the complete feed for fattening cattle, adding brown sugar and silage strains into the water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an additive solution; wherein, the addition amount of the brown sugar is that 10kg of brown sugar is added into each ton of water; the addition amount of the silage strain is 2kg of silage strain added into each ton of water.
Example 8:
the embodiment provides a method for fattening cattle cultivation, which comprises the following steps: firstly, pouring the complete feed for fattening cattle obtained in the embodiment 3 into a stirrer, adding an additive liquid while stirring to ensure that the additive liquid is uniformly mixed with the feed, standing for 10min to prepare a feed, and then feeding the cattle in a fattening period with the feed, wherein the daily feeding amount is 3.5% of the weight of each fattening cattle.
The additive solution is obtained by the following method: taking water with the weight 0.4 times of the weight of the complete feed for fattening cattle, adding brown sugar and silage strains into the water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an additive solution; wherein, the addition amount of the brown sugar is that 10kg of brown sugar is added into each ton of water; the addition amount of the silage strain is 2kg of silage strain added into each ton of water.
In order to illustrate the practical value of the above-mentioned method for raising fattening cattle, the applicant conducted the following comparative experiments:
through years of cow breeding experience, the applicant finds that only the normal ruminant behavior of the cow can be ensured in the feeding process of the cow, so that the normal digestion effect and the rumen health of the cow can be ensured. In addition, the fiber length required for the ruminant varies with the growth period of the cattle, the effect of the different grass cutting lengths on the residual feed is shown in Table 3, and the effect of the different grass cutting lengths on the average time of the ruminant at 12-18 points of the cattle is shown in Table 4;
the following are provided:
TABLE 3 influence of different cut lengths on feed on residual feed (%)
TABLE 4 Effect of different grass cutting lengths on average time of cow 12-18 rumination
The grass cutting length is the processing length of the green material in the step (1).
According to the tables 3-4, the calf grass cutting length can obtain better palatability at 2cm, the residual feed is less, and the feed can better stimulate ruminant; the shelf cattle (weaned to 12 months old) can obtain better palatability at 4cm in length of grass cutting, the residual feed is less, and the ruminant can be stimulated better; the fattening cattle (13 months old to slaughter) stage can obtain better palatability when the grass cutting length is 7cm, the residual feed is less, and the ruminant can be stimulated better. Obviously, the proper grass cutting lengths of the cattle in different growth periods are different. The feed of the application is used for cattle in fattening period, and the length of grass cutting is preferably 7cm.
The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of the application should be assessed as that of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The application method of the complete feed for fattening cattle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) taking water with the weight 0.3-0.4 times of the weight of the complete feed for fattening cattle, adding brown sugar and silage strains into the water, and stirring for dissolving to obtain additive liquid; (2) pouring the complete feed for fattening cattle into a stirrer, adding additive liquid while stirring to ensure that the additive liquid is uniformly mixed with the feed, and standing for 5-10min to obtain the material for feeding the fattening cattle;
the preparation method of the complete feed for fattening cattle comprises the following steps:
(1) Processing corn straw into green materials with the length of 7cm and the straw diameter of less than 0.04cm, processing sugarcane tail leaves and mugwort leaves into green materials with the length of 7-10cm, mixing the corn straw, the sugarcane tail leaves and the mugwort leaves, and drying until the moisture content is 12-15%, thus obtaining mixed green materials for standby;
(2) Mixing bean curd residue and cassava residue according to a mass ratio of 1:2-3, drying until the water content is 12-15%, then conveying the mixture into a bulking machine for bulking treatment to obtain a bulked concentrate, and adding steam tabletting corn accounting for 0.2-0.6 times of the bulked concentrate into the bulked concentrate to obtain a mixed concentrate for standby;
(3) Uniformly mixing and stirring the mixed green material obtained in the step (1), the mixed fine material obtained in the step (2) and the premix according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1-2:0.5 to obtain a mixed feed for standby;
(4) Briquetting the mixed feed to obtain a briquetted feed, namely the complete feed for fattening cattle;
the specific mode of the pressing block in the step (4) is as follows: putting the mixed feed into a briquetting machine, and briquetting under the condition of 20-25Mpa by adopting a layer-by-layer compression mode; and (4) carrying out one-time pressing operation on each mixed feed, and putting the mixed feed for 4-5 times to obtain a pressed feed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the corn stover, the sugarcane tail and the mugwort in step (1) are freshly picked, and wherein the mass ratio of the corn stover, the sugarcane tail and the mugwort is 2-3:1-2:1.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the brown sugar is added in an amount of 10kg of brown sugar per ton of water; the addition amount of the silage strain is 2kg of silage strain added into each ton of water.
4. A method for fattening cattle farming using the complete feed for fattening cattle of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly pouring the complete feed for fattening cattle into a stirrer, adding additive liquid while stirring to ensure that the additive liquid is uniformly mixed with the feed, standing for 5-10min to prepare a feed, and then feeding the fattening cattle with the feed in a daily feeding amount which is 2.5-3.5% of the weight of each fattening cattle.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the additive is obtained by: taking water with the weight 0.3-0.4 times of the weight of the complete feed for fattening cattle, adding brown sugar and silage strains into the water, and stirring for dissolving to obtain additive liquid; wherein, the addition amount of the brown sugar is that 10kg of brown sugar is added into each ton of water; the addition amount of the silage strain is 2kg of silage strain added into each ton of water.
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