CN114478033A - 一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料 - Google Patents
一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料 Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料，所述铁水罐永久衬浇注料为焦宝石纯体系材料，按重量份数计所述浇注料中水泥加入量不大于2份。本发明为铁水罐永久衬浇注料设计了一种纯体系材料，降低水泥加入量至2％，利用纯体系材料的稳定性，提高铁水罐永久衬浇注料在1000℃左右反复使用的强度的同时，改善永久衬材料的保温性能，并可有效提高铁水罐永久衬使用罐役的次数。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及钢铁冶炼用高温容器中所用的不定形耐火材料，尤其涉及一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料。
背景技术
在钢铁冶炼工艺中，炼钢厂用铁水罐是炼铁与炼钢衔接的主要冶金设备，其主要工艺特点是盛放鱼雷罐铁水，并进行铁水脱硫后折入转炉，主要使用条件是铁水冲击的机械损毁、脱硫造成的铁水冲刷、接/出铁水及维护时造成的急冷急热。
铁水罐内主要耐火材料包括工作衬用铝碳化硅碳砖、永久衬及罐口用高铝质浇注料等，并有砌筑用胶泥、保温板、高铝砖等辅助材料。目前铁水罐大部分的永久衬均采用浇注成型，整体性好，不易脱落，通常使用寿命大于1个罐役。
目前铁水罐永久衬用高铝质浇注料通常采用普通浇注料，以矾土、刚玉等为主要原料，采用铝酸盐水泥结合，并加入氧化铝、二氧化硅等超微粉提高产品性能，一般铝酸盐水泥加入量在5％以上。耐火材料用铝酸盐水泥根据其中的氧化铝含量不同，可化分多个品种，通常使用较多的是氧化铝含量达到70％以上的铝酸盐水泥。铝酸盐水泥在耐火材料中的作用通常是使耐火材料在中低温产生强度。由于水泥使耐火材料中引入了相对的杂质CaO，浇注料中的CaO含量低，可减少材料中低共熔相的生成，从而提高了耐火度、高温强度和抗渣性，因此耐火材料的方案设计中尽量在满足使用要求的前提下降低水泥加入量。
经过对铁水罐使用条件的分析，以及参考铝碳化硅碳砖的导热系数，我们认为，铁水罐永久衬基本长期在1000℃左右情况下使用。而现有技术中使用的低水泥浇注料通常中温1000℃烧后强度基本低于常温干燥强度，因此在铁水罐使用过程中，第一罐役用后的永久衬强度较低，个别部位呈现疏松无强度状态，用于第二次罐役存在一定风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料，本发明为铁水罐永久衬浇注料设计了一种纯体系材料，降低水泥加入量至2％，利用纯体系材料的稳定性，提高铁水罐永久衬浇注料在1000℃左右反复使用的强度的同时，改善永久衬材料的保温性能，并可有效提高铁水罐永久衬使用罐役的次数。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案实现：
一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料，所述铁水罐永久衬浇注料为焦宝石纯体系材料，按重量份数计所述浇注料中水泥加入量不大于2份。
所述铁水罐永久衬浇注料包括如下重量份数的原料：焦宝石加入量79份～99份、铝酸盐水泥加入量1份～2份、氧化铝微粉3份～5份、二氧化硅超细粉4份～6份、减水剂 0.1份～0.2份。
所述焦宝石原料成分包括：Al2O3≥45wt％、Fe2O3≤1.2wt％、R2O≤1.0wt％，所述焦宝石体积密度≥2.5g/cm3。
所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠。
所述焦宝石各粒度重量份数占比为：8～5mm的骨料为12份～16份、5～3mm的骨料为15份～20份、3～1mm的骨料为18份～22份、1～0mm的骨料为12份～15份、325目焦宝石粉22～26份。
本发明的铁水罐永久衬浇注料打破传统用于铁水罐永久衬的低水泥浇注料特点，采用纯体系耐火原料，减少铝酸盐水泥的加入量。采用纯焦宝石体系，由于焦宝石材料的稳定性优于矾土质材料，不易产生二次莫来石化反应，同时降低了产品由于多品种加入而可能产生的微观变化，从而保证了浇注料的热需稳定性，而将常规使用的结合剂——铝酸盐水泥的加入量降低至2％，减少了水泥对耐火材料性能的影响。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1)由于纯焦宝石体系的采用，降低了材料中的杂质成分，提高了耐火浇注料产品的稳定性，减少了铁水罐永久衬材料的体积变化，提高了铁水罐永久衬的使用安全性；
2)降低了铝酸盐水泥对耐火材料中高温使用性能的影响；
3)由于纯焦宝石体系的采用，提高了耐火浇注料的导热均匀性，使铁水罐永久衬材料的保温性得到了改善；
4)低水泥浇注料的凝结硬化机理与普通铝酸钙水泥不同，水泥主要依靠水化结合，而低水泥浇注料是水化结合与凝聚结合共存。氧化物超微粉在水中形成胶体粒子，根据疏水型胶体稳定性理论，胶体质点间存在着范德华力，当胶粒表面与其它离子的吸附达到“等电点”，即发生凝聚，从而产生结合作用，再通过干燥作用便发生硬化。低水泥浇注料成型养护后生成的水泥水化物少，加热烘烤时不存在大量水合键破坏而使中温强度下降，随着热处理温度的提高而逐渐烧结，强度也逐渐提高。
本发明铁水罐永久衬浇注料理化性能指标见表1：
表1一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料理化性能指标
| 项目 | 温度 | 指标 |
| 常温耐压强度，MP'a | 110℃，24h | ≥35.6 |
| 常温抗折强度，MPa | 110℃,24h | ≥7.12 |
| 烧后耐压强度，MPa | 1000℃,3h | ≥69.9 |
| 烧后抗折强度，MPa | 1000℃3h | ≥11.1 |
| 烧后线变化率，％ | 1000℃,3h | ±0.1 |
| 导热系数，W/(m.℃) | 1000℃ | ≤1.05 |
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明：
本发明实施例铁水罐永久衬浇注料配料见表2；对比文例铁水罐永久衬浇注料配料见表3。本发明实施例焦宝石原料主要成分见表4；本发明实施例与对比例理化性能指标对比见表5。实施例容积为200吨的铁水罐。
表2本发明实施例1-4铁水罐永久衬浇注料配料
| 原料名称 | 原料规格 | 实施例1(份) | 实施例2(份) | 实施例3(份) | 实施例4(份) |
| 焦宝石骨料 | 8～5mm | 13 | 15 | 14 | 16 |
| 焦宝石骨料 | 5～3mm | 16 | 19 | 17 | 18 |
| 焦宝石骨料 | 3～1mm | 20 | 19 | 21 | 22 |
| 焦宝石骨料 | 1～0mm | 13 | 15 | 14 | 12 |
| 焦宝石粉 | 325目 | 25 | 25 | 23 | 24 |
| 烧结水泥 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| SiO<sub>2</sub>超细粉 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 5 | |
| 氧化铝微粉 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | |
| 三聚磷酸钠 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
表3对比例铁水罐永久衬浇注料配料
| 原料名称 | 原料规格 | 配比(份) |
| 80矾土 | 8～15mm | 10 |
| 80矾土 | 8～5mm | 15 |
| 85矾土 | 5～3mm | 15 |
| 85矾土 | 3～1mm | 14 |
| 85矾土 | 1～0mm | 12 |
| 88矾土粉 | 325目 | 18 |
| 叶蜡石 | 325目 | 5 |
| 烧结水泥 | 7 | |
| SiO<sub>2</sub>超细粉 | 4 | |
| 氧化铝微粉 | 4 | |
| 三聚磷酸钠 | 0.2 |
表4本发明实施例焦宝石原料主要成分
| 成分 | Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> | Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> | R<sub>2</sub>O | 体积密度 |
| 指标 | 45.62％ | 1.05％ | 0.96％ | 2.55g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
表5本发明实施例与对比例理化性能指标对比
从表5的对比数据可看出：本发明采用纯焦宝石体系方案，1000℃左右的烧后强度明显高于现有技术，同时线变化率得到了明显提高。铁水罐永久衬使用寿命由原来的平均2个罐役提高到3.5～4个罐役。
Claims (5)
1.一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料，其特征在于，所述铁水罐永久衬浇注料为焦宝石纯体系材料，按重量份数计所述浇注料中水泥加入量不大于2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料，其特征在于，所述铁水罐永久衬浇注料包括如下重量份数的原料：焦宝石79份～99份、铝酸盐水泥1份～2份、氧化铝微粉3份～5份、二氧化硅超细粉4份～6份、减水剂0.1份～0.2份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料，其特征在于，所述焦宝石原料成分包括：Al2O3≥45wt％、Fe2O3≤1.2wt％、R2O≤1.0wt％，所述焦宝石体积密度≥2.5g/cm3。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料，其特征在于，所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种高寿命的铁水罐永久衬浇注料，其特征在于，所述焦宝石各粒度重量份数占比为：8～5mm的骨料为12份～16份、5～3mm的骨料为15份～20份、3～1mm的骨料为18份～22份、1～0mm的骨料为12份～15份、325目焦宝石粉22～26份。
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