CN114457622A - 一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料及其制备方法,涉及纸板技术领域。本发明先进行电喷处理工艺,将碳纳米管和纤维素形成核壳结构纳米粒子,有效吸附酸性气体,防止档案盒材料酸氧化,然后进行化学改性处理,利用3‑叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚、乙醛酸和2‑溴‑4,6‑二叔丁基苯酚改性碳纳米管,提高自由基清除能力,增益档案盒材料抗氧化性;再利用微波辅助电流热压炭化进行梯度升温,使表面聚丙烯腈纤维膜致密炭化,并经表面处理,形成凹凸状粗糙结构,具有良好的防潮性能。本发明制备的档案盒材具有防潮、抗氧化的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纸板技术领域,具体为一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
档案盒是各个机关和单位档案管理部门整理和装订储存文件的装具,通常是由纸板和牛皮纸裱糊制作而成。目前,档案盒材料主要分为纸板和聚氯乙烯,纸板保存时间长,但易受潮湿空气的影响,容易出现发霉、生虫等问题,极易造成档案的损害,需要定期更换,从而造成不必要的浪费;而聚氯乙烯虽然耐磨、防潮,但长期使用后也会出现氧化老化的现象,不适合长期保存,且成本较高。基于此,如何发明一种防潮抗氧化的档案盒材料显得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料及其制备方法,以解决现有技术中存在的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料,从内至外依次为纸板基体,碳纤维膜;所述纸板基体由以下方法制得,先进行电喷处理工艺,将碳纳米管和纤维素形成核壳结构纳米粒子,然后进行化学改性处理,最后加入增强剂、增稠剂和塑化剂,混匀,涂膜,干燥。
进一步的,所述化学改性处理是先将雾化后的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚喷涂于纳米粒子表面,并利用等离子体引发其与碳纳米管接枝反应;再将与乙醛酸、与2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚反应。
进一步的,所述增强剂为阳离子淀粉、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、碳酸钙或壳聚糖的一种或多种混合;所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛或聚乙二醇的一种或多种混合;所述塑化剂为丙三醇、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯或水杨酸异丙酯的一种或多种混合。
进一步的,所述碳纤维膜由以下方法制得,对纸板基体依次进行加热处理和表面处理;所述加热处理是利用静电纺丝在纸板基体表面形成聚丙烯腈纤维膜,再通过微波辅助电流热压炭化进行梯度升温;所述表面处理为电化学氧化处理。
进一步的,一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)电喷处理:将纤维素、二甲基乙酰胺和丙酮按质量比1:3.5:1.8~1:4.1:2.5混合,100~200rpm下搅拌约4~6h,得内核液;将直径为10~20nm的碳纳米管和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比5:100~9:100混合,于60~70℃、200~300rpm下搅拌1~4h,得外壳液;将内核液和外壳液同轴静电喷涂20~35min后,60~70℃、0.01~0.03MPa下干燥3~6h得纳米粒子;
(2)化学改性处理:将纳米粒子置于功率为100~200W的等离子体炉中,经预处理后,超声雾化喷涂纳米粒子质量0.7~1.2倍的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚,按质量比1:2:0.001:4.3~1:2:0.003:4.9加入乙醛酸、去离子水、对甲基苯磺酸和二氯乙烷,乙醛酸和纳米粒子的质量比为0.5:1~0.9:1,50~100rpm下搅拌加热至70~85℃,反应3~5h后,于0.01~0.03MPa、80~85℃下加热3~5h,再按质量比1:1.6:23~1:2.1:24加入2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚、Fulcat 22B和二氯乙烷,2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚和纳米粒子的质量比为0.08:1~0.2:1,于60~70℃、50~100rpm下搅拌反应3~6h后,于0.01~0.03MPa、80~85℃下加热2~4h,过滤,用甲醇洗涤3~7次,于40~50℃烘干1~3h,得改性纳米粒子;
(3)纸板基体制备:将改性纳米粒子分散于改性纳米粒子质量58~65倍的无水乙醇中,按质量比加入1:0.6:0.2~1:0.8:0.4加入增强剂、增稠剂和塑化剂,增强剂和改性纳米粒子的质量比为1:95~1:97,300~400rpm下搅拌1~2h,涂膜,干燥,分离得纸板基体;
(4)加热处理:将聚丙烯腈和二甲基乙酰胺按质量比1:5~1:6混合,向纸板基体静电纺丝至膜层厚度为0.8~2mm,再置于功率为1~3kW微波炉中,在纸板基体上下放置电压为390~500V的加热电极板,施加20~30MPa的热压力,以5~7℃/min升温至100~110℃,保温40~50min,然后以3~5℃/min升温至200~220℃,保温50~60min,再以3~5℃/min升温至300~350℃,保温1~2h,得档案盒材料前体;
(5)表面处理:以档案盒材料前体为阳极,以碳酸氢铵溶液为电解质,碳酸氢铵溶液中碳酸氢铵和去离子水的质量比为1:12.3,于260~520C/g下氧化7~15min,得防潮抗氧化档案盒材料。
进一步的,步骤(1)所述同轴静电喷涂的工作参数:内核电喷前体的供液速度为0.2~0.4mL/h,外壳电喷前体的供液速度为0.4~0.6mL/h,接受距离为10~15cm,温度为30~40℃,相对湿度为35~45%。
进一步的,步骤(2)所述预处理为:将纳米粒子于氩等离子体气氛中预处理12~22min后,以20~30mL/h通入氧气,侵蚀4~9min。
进一步的,步骤(2)所述超声雾化喷涂:进液速率为10~15mL/h,超声波发生器频率为30~45kHz,功率为2~3W,采用高纯氩气为载气,流量为3~5L/min。
进一步的,步骤(3)所述涂膜:刮刀高度为1~3mm,前进速度为1~3m/min;所述干燥温度为80~100℃,干燥时间为40~55min。
进一步的,步骤(4)所述静电纺丝:注射器直径为0.5mm,直流电压为15~20kV,进料速率为0.5~1.5mL/h,接受距离为15~20cm,环境温度为20~40℃,相对湿度为25~30%。
与现有技术相比,本发明所达到的有益效果是:
本发明依次通过电纺丝处理工艺、改性处理、纸板基体制备、加热处理、表面处理等步骤制备纸板,具有防潮、抗氧化的效果,能够用于制作档案盒材料,有效存放纸类档案。
首先,本发明先进行电喷处理工艺,将碳纳米管包裹于纤维素表面,形成核壳结构纳米粒子,能够有效吸附纸类档案或外部环境中的酸性气体,防止纤维素降解,使档案盒材料具有抗氧化效果;然后进行改性处理,先将雾化后的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚喷涂于纳米粒子表面,并利用等离子体引发其与碳纳米管接枝反应;再将乙醛酸与3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚的苯酚基发生加成反应,形成苯并呋喃化合物;苯并呋喃化合物的羟基与2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚的溴离子反应,获得改性纳米粒子,能与碳自由基、氧自由基反应,形成稳定自由基,阻断了自由基自动氧化链反应,防止档案盒材料氧化降解,提高其抗氧化性能;接着进行纸板基体制备步骤,纤维素穿过碳纳米管孔隙,在助剂的催化交联作用下,各纤维素之间相互缠绕,形成纸板基体。
其次,本发明对纸板基体进行加热处理,先利用静电纺丝在纸板基体表面形成聚丙烯腈纤维膜,再通过微波辅助电流热压炭化进行梯度升温,使聚丙烯腈纤维膜变成碳纤维膜,热电压形成的特殊电场与微波效应共同作用,推动原子的扩散,加快炭化反应,使炭化过程在较低温度下进行,以免损伤纸板基体,同时,热压挤出碳纤维膜和纸板基体中残留的气体,使气孔与疏松等缺陷得到闭合,有效隔绝水汽进入,使档案材料具有防潮效果;然后进行表面处理,利用电化学氧化碳纤维膜表面,呈现出凹凸不平的颗粒状晶体表面,增大档案盒材料表面的粗糙度,提高档案盒材料的疏水性,增益档案盒材料的防潮性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了更清楚的说明本发明提供的方法通过以下实施例进行详细说明,在以下实施例中制作的档案盒材料的各指标测试方法如下:
防潮:取质量相等的实施例与对比例进行防潮效果测试,于30℃、相对湿度为90%的环境下放置档案盒材料15d,计算吸潮率;吸潮率=(吸潮后的质量-吸潮前的质量)/吸潮前的质量×100%。
抗氧化:取质量相等的实施例与对比例进行防潮效果测试,将档案盒材料置于酸性气体环境中,室温下老化48h后,将老化前和老化后的档案盒材料放入研钵内,加入液氮后研磨成粉末;取0.1g粉末溶于2mL乙醇中,用磁力搅拌器高速搅拌3h,然后以5500r/min离心10min;取上清液500μL,加入2mL0.06mM DPPH乙醇溶液,将混合液置于室温下暗室中30min后,在517nm波长下测定其吸光度;空白对照以乙醇替代样品,计算DPPH自由基清除率;DPPH自由基清除率=(1-样品吸光度/空白对照吸光度)×100%。
实施例1
一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,所述防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法主要包括以下制备步骤:
(1)电喷处理:将纤维素、二甲基乙酰胺和丙酮按质量比1:3.5:1.8混合,100rpm下搅拌约6h,得内核液;将直径为10nm的碳纳米管和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比5:100混合,于60℃、200rpm下搅拌4h,得外壳液;将内核液和外壳液同轴静电喷涂20min后,60℃、0.01MPa下干燥3h得纳米粒子;所述同轴静电喷涂的工作参数:内核电喷前体的供液速度为0.4mL/h,外壳电喷前体的供液速度为0.6mL/h,接受距离为15cm,温度为40℃,相对湿度为45%;
(2)化学改性处理:将纳米粒子置于功率为100W的等离子体炉中,于氩等离子体气氛中预处理22min后,以20mL/h通入氧气,侵蚀9min后,超声雾化喷涂纳米粒子质量0.7倍的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚;所述超声雾化喷涂:进液速率为10mL/h,超声波发生器频率为30kHz,功率为2W,采用高纯氩气为载气,流量为3L/min,按质量比1:2:0.001:4.3加入乙醛酸、去离子水、对甲基苯磺酸和二氯乙烷,乙醛酸和纳米粒子的质量比为0.5:1,50rpm下搅拌加热至70℃,反应5h后,于0.01MPa、80℃下加热3h,再按质量比1:1.6:23加入2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚、Fulcat 22B和二氯乙烷,2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚和纳米粒子的质量比为0.08:1,于60℃、50rpm下搅拌反应6h后,于0.01MPa、80℃下加热2h,过滤,用甲醇洗涤3次,于40℃烘干1h,得改性纳米粒子;
(3)纸板基体制备:将改性纳米粒子分散于改性纳米粒子质量58倍的无水乙醇中,按质量比加入1:0.6:0.2加入碳酸钙、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和丙三醇,增强剂和改性纳米粒子的质量比为1:95,300rpm下搅拌2h,涂膜,于80℃干燥55min,分离得纸板基体;所述涂膜:刮刀高度为1mm,前进速度为1m/min;
(4)加热处理:将聚丙烯腈和二甲基乙酰胺按质量比1:5混合,向纸板基体静电纺丝至膜层厚度为0.8mm,再置于功率为1kW微波炉中,在纸板基体上下放置电压为390V的加热电极板,施加20MPa的热压力,以5℃/min升温至100℃,保温50min,然后以3℃/min升温至200℃,保温60min,再以3℃/min升温至300℃,保温2h,得档案盒材料前体;所述静电纺丝:注射器直径为0.5mm,直流电压为15kV,进料速率为0.5mL/h,接受距离为15cm,环境温度为20℃,相对湿度为25%;
(5)表面处理:以档案盒材料前体为阳极,以碳酸氢铵溶液为电解质,碳酸氢铵溶液中碳酸氢铵和去离子水的质量比为1:12.3,于260C/g下氧化15min,得防潮抗氧化档案盒材料。
实施例2
一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,所述防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法主要包括以下制备步骤:
(1)电喷处理:将纤维素、二甲基乙酰胺和丙酮按质量比1:4.1:2.5混合,200rpm下搅拌约4h,得内核液;将直径为20nm的碳纳米管和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比9:100混合,于70℃、300rpm下搅拌1h,得外壳液;将内核液和外壳液同轴静电喷涂35min后,70℃、0.03MPa下干燥6h得纳米粒子;所述同轴静电喷涂的工作参数:内核电喷前体的供液速度为0.2mL/h,外壳电喷前体的供液速度为0.4mL/h,接受距离为10cm,温度为30℃,相对湿度为35%;
(2)化学改性处理:将纳米粒子置于功率为200W的等离子体炉中,于氩等离子体气氛中预处理12min后,以30mL/h通入氧气,侵蚀4min后,超声雾化喷涂纳米粒子质量1.2倍的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚;所述超声雾化喷涂:进液速率为15mL/h,超声波发生器频率为45kHz,功率为3W,采用高纯氩气为载气,流量为5L/min,按质量比1:2:0.003:4.9加入乙醛酸、去离子水、对甲基苯磺酸和二氯乙烷,乙醛酸和纳米粒子的质量比为0.9:1,100rpm下搅拌加热至85℃,反应3h后,于0.03MPa、85℃下加热5h,再按质量比1:2.1:24加入2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚、Fulcat 22B和二氯乙烷,2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚和纳米粒子的质量比为0.2:1,于70℃、100rpm下搅拌反应3h后,于0.03MPa、85℃下加热4h,过滤,用甲醇洗涤7次,于50℃烘干1h,得改性纳米粒子;
(3)纸板基体制备:将改性纳米粒子分散于改性纳米粒子质量65倍的无水乙醇中,按质量比加入1:0.8:0.4加入碳酸钙、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和丙三醇,增强剂和改性纳米粒子的质量比为1:97,400rpm下搅拌1h,涂膜,于100℃干燥40min,分离得纸板基体;所述涂膜:刮刀高度为3mm,前进速度为3m/min;
(4)加热处理:将聚丙烯腈和二甲基乙酰胺按质量比1:6混合,向纸板基体静电纺丝至膜层厚度为2mm,再置于功率为3kW微波炉中,在纸板基体上下放置电压为500V的加热电极板,施加30MPa的热压力,以7℃/min升温至110℃,保温40min,然后以5℃/min升温至2000℃,保温50min,再以5℃/min升温至350℃,保温1h,得档案盒材料前体;所述静电纺丝:注射器直径为0.5mm,直流电压为20kV,进料速率为1.5mL/h,接受距离为20cm,环境温度为40℃,相对湿度为30%;
(5)表面处理:以档案盒材料前体为阳极,以碳酸氢铵溶液为电解质,碳酸氢铵溶液中碳酸氢铵和去离子水的质量比为1:12.3,于520C/g下氧化7min,得防潮抗氧化档案盒材料。
实施例3
一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,所述防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法主要包括以下制备步骤:
(1)电喷处理:将纤维素、二甲基乙酰胺和丙酮按质量比1:3.8:2.0混合,150rpm下搅拌约5h,得内核液;将直径为14nm的碳纳米管和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比7:100混合,于64℃、2500rpm下搅拌2.5h,得外壳液;将内核液和外壳液同轴静电喷涂31min后,64℃、0.02MPa下干燥4h得纳米粒子;所述同轴静电喷涂的工作参数:内核电喷前体的供液速度为0.3mL/h,外壳电喷前体的供液速度为0.5mL/h,接受距离为13cm,温度为36℃,相对湿度为40%;
(2)化学改性处理:将纳米粒子置于功率为120W的等离子体炉中,于氩等离子体气氛中预处理19min后,以27mL/h通入氧气,侵蚀6min后,超声雾化喷涂纳米粒子质量1.1倍的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚;所述超声雾化喷涂:进液速率为12mL/h,超声波发生器频率为33kHz,功率为3W,采用高纯氩气为载气,流量为4L/min,按质量比1:2:0.002:4.6加入乙醛酸、去离子水、对甲基苯磺酸和二氯乙烷,乙醛酸和纳米粒子的质量比为0.8:1,70rpm下搅拌加热至81℃,反应4h后,于0.02MPa、81℃下加热4h,再按质量比1:1.9:23.3加入2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚、Fulcat 22B和二氯乙烷,2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚和纳米粒子的质量比为0.1:1,于67℃、70rpm下搅拌反应5h后,于0.02MPa、82℃下加热3h,过滤,用甲醇洗涤5次,于48℃烘干2h,得改性纳米粒子;
(3)纸板基体制备:将改性纳米粒子分散于改性纳米粒子质量60倍的无水乙醇中,按质量比加入1:0.7:0.3加入碳酸钙、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和丙三醇,增强剂和改性纳米粒子的质量比为1:96,330rpm下搅拌1.5h,涂膜,于91℃干燥49min,分离得纸板基体;所述涂膜:刮刀高度为2mm,前进速度为2m/min;
(4)加热处理:将聚丙烯腈和二甲基乙酰胺按质量比1:5.6混合,向纸板基体静电纺丝至膜层厚度为1.2mm,再置于功率为2kW微波炉中,在纸板基体上下放置电压为490V的加热电极板,施加23MPa的热压力,以6℃/min升温至106℃,保温47min,然后以4℃/min升温至211℃,保温52min,再以4℃/min升温至334℃,保温1.5h,得档案盒材料前体;所述静电纺丝:注射器直径为0.5mm,直流电压为18kV,进料速率为1.0mL/h,接受距离为18m,环境温度为30℃,相对湿度为28%;
(5)表面处理:以档案盒材料前体为阳极,以碳酸氢铵溶液为电解质,碳酸氢铵溶液中碳酸氢铵和去离子水的质量比为1:12.3,于490C/g下氧化10min,得防潮抗氧化档案盒材料。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例3的区别仅在于无步骤(1),其余步骤同实施例3。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例3的区别仅在于步骤(2)的不同,将步骤(2)改为:将纳米粒子置于容器中,按质量比1:2:0.002:4.6加入乙醛酸、去离子水、对甲基苯磺酸和二氯乙烷,乙醛酸和纳米粒子的质量比为0.8:1,70rpm下搅拌加热至81℃,反应4h后,于0.02MPa、81℃下加热4h,再按质量比1:1.9:23.3加入2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚、Fulcat 22B和二氯乙烷,2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚和纳米粒子的质量比为0.1:1,于67℃、70rpm下搅拌反应5h后,于0.02MPa、82℃下加热3h,过滤,用甲醇洗涤5次,于48℃烘干2h,得改性纳米粒。其余步骤同实施例3。
对比例3
对比例3与实施例3的区别仅在于步骤(2)的不同,将步骤(2)改为:将纳米粒子置于功率为120W的等离子体炉中,于氩等离子体气氛中预处理19min后,以27mL/h通入氧气,侵蚀6min后,超声雾化喷涂纳米粒子质量1.1倍的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚;所述超声雾化喷涂:进液速率为12mL/h,超声波发生器频率为33kHz,功率为3W,采用高纯氩气为载气,流量为4L/min,按质量比1:1.9:23.3加入2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚、Fulcat 22B和二氯乙烷,2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚和纳米粒子的质量比为0.1:1,于67℃、70rpm下搅拌反应5h后,于0.02MPa、82℃下加热3h,过滤,用甲醇洗涤5次,于48℃烘干2h,得改性纳米粒子。其余步骤同实施例3。
对比例4
对比例4与实施例3的区别仅在于步骤(2)的不同,将步骤(2)改为:将纳米粒子置于功率为120W的等离子体炉中,于氩等离子体气氛中预处理19min后,以27mL/h通入氧气,侵蚀6min后,超声雾化喷涂纳米粒子质量1.1倍的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚;所述超声雾化喷涂:进液速率为12mL/h,超声波发生器频率为33kHz,功率为3W,采用高纯氩气为载气,流量为4L/min,按质量比1:2:0.002:4.6加入乙醛酸、去离子水、对甲基苯磺酸和二氯乙烷,乙醛酸和纳米粒子的质量比为0.8:1,70rpm下搅拌加热至81℃,反应4h后,于0.02MPa、81℃下加热4h,,过滤,用甲醇洗涤5次,于48℃烘干2h,得改性纳米粒子。其余步骤同实施例3。
对比例5
对比例5与实施例3的区别仅在于步骤(4)的不同,将步骤(4)改为:将聚丙烯腈和二甲基乙酰胺按质量比1:5.6混合,向纸板基体静电纺丝至膜层厚度为1.2mm,再置于功率为2kW微波炉中,以6℃/min升温至106℃,保温47min,然后以4℃/min升温至211℃,保温52min,再以4℃/min升温至334℃,保温1.5h,得档案盒材料前体;所述静电纺丝:注射器直径为0.5mm,直流电压为18kV,进料速率为1.0mL/h,接受距离为18m,环境温度为30℃,相对湿度为28%。其余步骤同实施例3。
对比例6
对比例6与实施例3的区别仅在于无步骤(5),其余步骤同实施例3。
效果例
下表1给出了采用本发明实施例1至3与对比例1至6的档案盒材料的性能分析结果。
表1
从实施例1-3与对比例1-6的吸湿率数据情况可发现,利用微波辅助电流热压炭化进行梯度升温,挤出碳纤维膜和纸板基体中残留的气体,闭合微孔与疏松等缺陷处,提高档案盒材料的致密程度,有效隔绝水汽进入,使档案材料具有防潮效果;利用电化学氧化碳纤维膜表面,呈现出凹凸不平的颗粒状晶体表面,增大档案盒材料表面的粗糙度,提高档案盒材料的疏水性,增益档案盒材料的防潮性;从实施例1-3与对比例1-6的自由基清除率数据情况可发现,将碳纳米管包裹于纤维素表面,能够将周围酸性气体吸附于碳纳米管层间,防止纤维素降解,使档案盒材料具有抗氧化效果;利用等离子体引发3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚与碳纳米管接枝反应,再与乙醛酸、2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚反应,在碳纳米管表面形成抗氧化膜,能与自由基反应,形成较为稳定的自由基,同时阻断自由基自动氧化链反应的进行,防止档案盒材料氧化降解,有利于提高档案盒材料的抗氧化性能。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
Claims (10)
1.一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料,其特征在于,从内至外依次为纸板基体,碳纤维膜;所述纸板基体由以下方法制得,先进行电喷处理工艺,将碳纳米管和纤维素形成核壳结构纳米粒子,然后进行化学改性处理,最后加入增强剂、增稠剂和塑化剂,混匀,涂膜,干燥。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料,其特征在于,所述化学改性处理是先将雾化后的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚喷涂于纳米粒子表面,并利用等离子体引发其与碳纳米管接枝反应;再与乙醛酸、与2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚反应。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料,其特征在于,所述增强剂为阳离子淀粉、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、碳酸钙或壳聚糖的一种或多种混合;所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛或聚乙二醇的一种或多种混合;所述塑化剂为丙三醇、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯或水杨酸异丙酯的一种或多种混合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料,其特征在于,所述碳纤维膜由以下方法制得,对纸板基体依次进行加热处理和表面处理;所述加热处理是利用静电纺丝在纸板基体表面形成聚丙烯腈纤维膜,再通过微波辅助电流热压炭化进行梯度升温;所述表面处理为电化学氧化处理。
5.一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)电喷处理:将纤维素、二甲基乙酰胺和丙酮按质量比1:3.5:1.8~1:4.1:2.5混合,100~200rpm下搅拌约4~6h,得内核液;将直径为10~20nm的碳纳米管和二甲基甲酰胺按质量比5:100~9:100混合,于60~70℃、200~300rpm下搅拌1~4h,得外壳液;将内核液和外壳液同轴静电喷涂20~35min后,60~70℃、0.01~0.03MPa下干燥3~6h得纳米粒子;
(2)化学改性处理:将纳米粒子置于功率为100~200W的等离子体炉中,经预处理后,超声雾化喷涂纳米粒子质量0.7~1.2倍的3-叔丁基氨基羟基甲基苯酚,按质量比1:2:0.001:4.3~1:2:0.003:4.9加入乙醛酸、去离子水、对甲基苯磺酸和二氯乙烷,乙醛酸和纳米粒子的质量比为0.5:1~0.9:1,50~100rpm下搅拌加热至70~85℃,反应3~5h后,于0.01~0.03MPa、80~85℃下加热3~5h,再按质量比1:1.6:23~1:2.1:24加入2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚、Fulcat 22B和二氯乙烷,2-溴-4,6-二叔丁基苯酚和纳米粒子的质量比为0.08:1~0.2:1,于60~70℃、50~100rpm下搅拌反应3~6h后,于0.01~0.03MPa、80~85℃下加热2~4h,过滤,用甲醇洗涤3~7次,于40~50℃烘干1~3h,得改性纳米粒子;
(3)纸板基体制备:将改性纳米粒子分散于改性纳米粒子质量58~65倍的无水乙醇中,按质量比加入1:0.6:0.2~1:0.8:0.4加入增强剂、增稠剂和塑化剂,增强剂和改性纳米粒子的质量比为1:95~1:97,300~400rpm下搅拌1~2h,涂膜,干燥,分离得纸板基体;
(4)加热处理:将聚丙烯腈和二甲基乙酰胺按质量比1:5~1:6混合,向纸板基体静电纺丝至膜层厚度为0.8~2mm,再置于功率为1~3kW微波炉中,在纸板基体上下放置电压为390~500V的加热电极板,施加20~30MPa的热压力,以5~7℃/min升温至100~110℃,保温40~50min,然后以3~5℃/min升温至200~220℃,保温50~60min,再以3~5℃/min升温至300~350℃,保温1~2h,得档案盒材料前体;
(5)表面处理:以档案盒材料前体为阳极,以碳酸氢铵溶液为电解质,碳酸氢铵溶液中碳酸氢铵和去离子水的质量比为1:12.3,于260~520C/g下氧化7~15min,得防潮抗氧化档案盒材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述同轴静电喷涂的工作参数:内核电喷前体的供液速度为0.2~0.4mL/h,外壳电喷前体的供液速度为0.4~0.6mL/h,接受距离为10~15cm,温度为30~40℃,相对湿度为35~45%。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述预处理为:将纳米粒子于氩等离子体气氛中预处理12~22min后,以20~30mL/h通入氧气,侵蚀4~9min。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述超声雾化喷涂:进液速率为10~15mL/h,超声波发生器频率为30~45kHz,功率为2~3W,采用高纯氩气为载气,流量为3~5L/min。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述涂膜:刮刀高度为1~3mm,前进速度为1~3m/min;所述干燥温度为80~100℃,干燥时间为40~55min。
10.根据权利要求5所述的一种防潮抗氧化档案盒材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述静电纺丝:注射器直径为0.5mm,直流电压为15~20kV,进料速率为0.5~1.5mL/h,接受距离为15~20cm,环境温度为20~40℃,相对湿度为25~30%。
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