CN114455987A - Beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beef cattle manure and urine integrated biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, fermentation padding consisting of fallen sugarcane yellow leaves, sawdust and microorganisms A, beef cattle manure and microorganisms B, the microorganisms A are thiobacillus thiooxidans, nitrobacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans, the microorganisms B are lactobacillus fermentum, geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas, the preparation comprises the steps of preparing the fermentation padding into a culture bed, adding water into the microorganisms A, the rice bran and the wheat bran according to a proportion to prepare strain diluents, uniformly spraying the strain diluents onto the culture bed, placing the strain diluents into a beef cattle for culture, cleaning the mixture of the fermentation padding and the beef cattle manure after the fermentation padding is used for 6-9 months, keeping the proper temperature and humidity, and preparing bacterial liquid from the microorganisms B and fermenting the cleaned manure through high-position composting to prepare the organic fertilizer. The invention utilizes the microorganisms and degrades the beef cattle manure, improves the total nutrient and organic matter content in the organic fertilizer, promotes the growth of plants by utilizing the microbial activity in the organic fertilizer, and has the advantages of environmental protection, high efficiency and high economic benefit.
Description
[ technical field ] A
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a beef cattle manure and urine integrated biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
[ background ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The fertilizer is used in a large amount to cause the death of microorganisms in soil, the accumulation of salts and the hardening of soil, the fertilizer contains a large amount of heavy metals, acid radicals and other substances, the influence on the environment is deep and various, the organic fertilizer can improve the soil and improve the performance of the soil, the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer is stable and long in duration, most of nutrients in the organic fertilizer are in an organic state and can be absorbed and utilized by white crops after mineralization, the organic fertilizer can be continuously decomposed and release the nutrients, the fertilizer efficiency is maintained for a long time, and the requirement of the fields on the application of the organic fertilizer is more urgent. Beef manure is an important organic fertilizer source, contains trace elements besides nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, is a ruminant, and is fine in quality due to repeated chewing of feed, and in addition, the beef manure contains much drinking water and water in the manure, so that the beef manure is a cold fertilizer which is slow to decompose and has small heat productivity. Research shows that the water content of the beef cattle manure and the pig manure after being directly discharged is usually very high, generally more than 80%, so that the manure directly discharged by beef cattle cannot be directly used as a raw material for producing organic fertilizer, and the manure needs to be pretreated.
When organic fertilizers are prepared, beef cattle manure needs to be subjected to compost fermentation to kill harmful microorganisms in the organic fertilizers, increase beneficial microorganisms and decompose organic substances, so that plants can absorb the organic fertilizers more easily, and although the conventional compost can effectively utilize the beef cattle manure, water pollution is easily caused by reasons such as precipitation, surface runoff and the like in the open-air composting process; meanwhile, the stink generated by the composting site can cause serious pollution to the surrounding atmospheric environment and influence the surrounding environment and places where people live; moreover, the simple composting process is long in time consumption and low in treatment efficiency, is easily influenced by environmental factors such as seasons, weather, temperature and humidity, can improve the poor fertility of the organic fertilizer, and is not suitable for preparing efficient organic fertilizers. The microbial organic fertilizer is an organic waste fertilizer which is subjected to microbial activity and fermentation, aerobic microorganisms decompose and oxidize a part of organic matters into simple inorganic matters through own catabolism and anabolism processes under the aerobic condition, energy required by microbial metabolism is obtained from the inorganic matters, meanwhile, a part of organic matters are converted to become a propagation energy source of the microorganisms, and a process of generating more organisms is realized, and the final aim of fermentation is to convert the organic matters in the waste to humus with higher stabilization degree.
With the gradual development of the beef cattle breeding industry in the large-scale and industrialized direction, the problem of excrement pollution to the environment is increasingly prominent, the conventional method adopted by the beef cattle excrement is to separate excrement from urine in a dry and wet mode, dry excrement, urine and wastewater are treated respectively after separation, the dry excrement can be used for preparing organic fertilizer after being fermented by adding microorganisms, the urine and the wastewater enter a methane tank for fermentation and precipitation for harmless treatment, and are discharged into a fertilizer field after reaching the standard.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the existing beef cattle manure treatment process, beef cattle manure needs to be treated separately, dry-wet separation is firstly carried out, then the beef cattle manure is treated and dried, and then composting treatment is carried out, the treatment process is complex, the treatment effect is poor, and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts: 2-3 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 2-4 parts of nitrobacteria, 2-4 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans and microorganism B: 2-4 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 1-4 parts of geotrichum candidum, 3-5 parts of pseudomonas, 500-600 parts of sawdust, 400 parts of sugarcane leaves, 0-40 parts of rice bran and 0-40 parts of wheat bran.
Further, one or more of the sawdust and the fallen sugarcane yellow leaves are mixed to prepare the fermentation padding.
Further, one or more of the rice bran and the wheat bran are mixed with the microorganism A to prepare a strain dilution.
Further, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts: 2 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 3 parts of nitrobacteria and a microorganism B: 3 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans, 3 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 2 parts of geotrichum candidum, 4 parts of pseudomonas, 600 parts of sawdust, 330 parts of sugarcane leaves and 40 parts of rice bran.
Further, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts: 2 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 3 parts of nitrobacteria and a microorganism B: 3 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans, 3 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 2 parts of geotrichum candidum, 4 parts of pseudomonas, 600 parts of sawdust, 330 parts of sugarcane leaves and 40 parts of wheat bran.
A beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing fermentation padding materials from sugarcane leaves and sawdust, uniformly paving the mixture in a hurdle to prepare a culture bed, weighing the rice bran, the wheat bran and microorganisms A, namely thiobacillus thiooxidans, nitrobacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans, proportionally adding 20-30 parts of water, mixing to prepare strain diluent, and uniformly paving the strain diluent on the culture bed;
s2: ensuring that the fermentation environment is in a proper humidity and temperature environment, then putting the beef cattle into a bed for breeding, and breeding the beef cattle in captivity by a beef cattle breeding method in a common breeding farm, wherein the beef cattle can be freely fed and drunk;
s3: mixing beef cattle manure and padding, managing at regular intervals, cleaning the mixture of the beef cattle manure and the padding at regular intervals, collecting the mixture to a workshop position for composting fermentation, weighing microorganisms B, namely lactobacillus fermentum, geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas according to a proportion, adding 20-30 parts of water to prepare bacterial liquid, uniformly spraying the bacterial liquid before normal-temperature composting fermentation, fully mixing the bacterial liquid with the beef cattle manure, keeping ventilation in a normal-temperature composting workshop, and maintaining the humidity and the temperature of a composting fermentation environment;
s4: after the compost fermentation is finished, the decomposition products can be further processed into organic fertilizers according to the needs and then put into an organic fertilizer warehouse.
Further, the thickness of the culture bed in the step S1 is 7-10 cm.
Further, the breeding density of the captive beef cattle in the step S2 is 5-10m2Head of the device. Further, the period of time for periodically cleaning the beef cattle manure mixture in step S3 is 6-9 months.
Further, the normal temperature composting time in step S4 is 10-15 days.
The integrated design idea of beef cattle manure and urine is different from the conventional method of performing dry-wet separation on the beef cattle manure and urine commonly adopted in the modern times, the operation of the integration of the beef cattle manure and urine is simpler and more convenient, the dry manure, urine and wastewater do not need to be further treated separately, microorganisms are uniformly used for two-step fermentation, through the decay capability and the fermentation capability of bacteria, harmful substances in the beef cattle manure are converted into nutrient substances beneficial to plant growth in a short time and are treated together with the beef cattle urine, the moisture in the urine provides a living environment for the survival of the microorganisms, and the beef cattle manure provides a large amount of nutrient substances for the propagation of the microorganisms and supports the nutrient substances.
Meanwhile, the fermentation environment of the beef cattle manure and the strain diluent is designed as a beef cattle manure and urine fermentation environment, enough environmental oxygen is provided in a well-ventilated environment, moisture also exists in manure and the strain diluent, microorganisms live and shuttle the beef cattle manure and the strain diluent in a water bubble environment, the sufficient fermentation is ensured, compared with the process of treating independent dry beef cattle manure, the beef cattle manure and urine integrated environment is more suitable for the survival of the microorganisms, meanwhile, the ground sugarcane yellow leaves with large volume are adopted as padding, the gap support of the internal space of the beef cattle manure is provided, enough gaps are provided, the gap support can accommodate more air to pass through, the air permeability is stronger, the integration of the beef cattle manure and the padding is combined, the growth environment of useful microorganisms is provided, and the growth of anaerobic microorganisms is inhibited, the generation of humic acid is slowed down.
The lactobacillus fermentum is used as one of lactobacillus, can be used in the traditional food fermentation, and can generate organic matters such as lactic acid and the like in the fermentation process, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the organic matters in the organic fertilizer; the geotrichum candidum can be used as one of fungi to grade organic matters to generate nucleotide, and the geotrichum candidum can be used as a nutrient substance to be cultivated, so that great help is required for plant growth; after the pseudomonas lives in most soils, the pseudomonas is connected with roots of plants, so that the health of the plants is often improved, the pseudomonas can produce molecules, can separate iron around the plants, is supplied to the plants for absorption, can protect the plants from being infected by other microorganisms, and can degrade various organic pollutants, the pseudomonas has very wide metabolic capability, and a series of toxic chemical substances can be degraded;
animal wastes usually generate pungent odor when being re-fermented, the odor is mostly from sulfide, ammonia gas and the like, the microbial oxidation and consumption are the most thorough method, the microbial oxidation and consumption are carried out twice, two solidification fermentation steps are adopted, the pungent odor generated in the fermentation process can be eliminated, the fermentation is usually carried out by adopting a one-step deodorization method, namely, the microbes for deodorization are used in hurdles, and the method is usually not considered for preparing organic fertilizers subsequently and is not suitable for the method.
The invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the beef cattle manure and the beef cattle urine are integrally treated, mutually supported and mutually supported, the treatment is simple and quick, dry manure and urine do not need to be further separately treated, useless moisture is evaporated at normal temperature generated in the manure stacking process, all nutrient substances can be used after the manure stacking is finished, and compared with the traditional beef cattle urine methane tank, the beef cattle manure methane tank has the advantages that the nutrient substances are sunk, and a large amount of water is contained in the manure water, the beef cattle manure and the beef cattle urine are finally used as dry type fertilizers, so that the transportation is simpler and more convenient;
(2) the invention uses the design of integration of the beef cattle manure and the beef cattle urine, combines the nutrient substances in the beef cattle manure and the beef cattle urine, has very high organic matter content, not only contains nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like which are beneficial to plant growth, but also contains zinc, copper, calcium and the like, meanwhile, the fertilizer also contains nutrient substances such as crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen-free extract, crude fat and the like, and can be retained in the prepared fertilizer together with natural ammonia rich in beef urine, can not settle to the bottom under the action of gravity, reduces the solid-liquid screening technology and equipment, the biogas production technology and equipment, equivalently reduces the equipment, materials, time and labor cost, meanwhile, ecological cycle is ensured, the excrement and urine are treated by a correct method and finally returned to the field, the production period is short, the used raw materials are relatively cheap, the implementation cost is low, the benefit is higher, and the large-scale production is favorably realized.
(3) The invention also uses the lactobacillus fermentum, the geotrichum candidum and the pseudomonas to prepare a microorganism solution in the composting stage, the microorganism solution is sprayed in the cleaned beef cattle manure mixture, the lactobacillus fermentum and the geotrichum candidum can generate decomposition and protein, and simultaneously can generate amino acid, the microorganism solution is not only converted into organic matters useful for plants, but also nutrient substances for the survival and propagation of the pseudomonas, so that the pseudomonas can proliferate in a short time, the pseudomonas can kill harmful microorganisms, the living environments of the lactobacillus fermentum and the geotrichum candidum are protected, the three microorganisms can promote the growth of the plants in the organic fertilizer, and degrade a series of toxic chemical substances, improve the nutrient composition of the land, the three microorganisms generate a synergistic effect, the fertility of the prepared organic fertilizer is synergistically improved, and the organic matter content in the organic fertilizer is improved, the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged;
(4) the process for preparing the beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer uses twice microorganisms, namely the microorganism A and the microorganism B, and fully releases organic matters in fallen sugarcane yellow leaves and the like and the beef cattle manure through two-step solid fermentation, so that the odor emitted by fermentation of the beef cattle manure and urine in a culture bed is absorbed and converted in the first step, more nitrogen elements are reserved, and the nitrogen content in the final organic fertilizer is improved; the second step of decomposition is to fully ferment the cow dung-urine mixture to generate organic matters, proteins, nutrients beneficial to plant growth and the like, the content of the organic matters in the organic fertilizer is improved, the advantage of cow dung-urine integrated fermentation is fully exerted, the two-step solid fermentation generates a synergistic effect, and the fertility of the organic fertilizer is greatly improved compared with that of the organic fertilizer integrated by only using one-step fermentation cow dung-urine.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a flow schematic diagram of a beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
For a better understanding of the present invention, the invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments, it should be emphasized that the following is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention and its applications, and any equivalent changes or substitutions made on this basis fall within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by parts, 2 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 2 parts of nitrobacteria, 2 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans, 4 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 4 parts of geotrichum candidum, 3 parts of pseudomonas, 500 parts of sawdust, 300 parts of sugarcane leaves falling to the ground and 40 parts of rice bran.
As shown in fig. 1, a preparation method of a beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly paving fermentation padding materials of sugarcane yellow leaves and sawdust in a hurdle in sequence to prepare a culture bed, wherein the uniform paving thickness of the culture bed is 7cm, weighing rice bran, wheat bran and microorganisms A, namely thiobacillus thiooxidans, nitrobacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans, adding 20 parts of water to prepare a strain diluent in proportion, and uniformly paving the strain diluent on the culture bed;
s2: keeping the culture environment in continuous ventilation state, ensuring fermentation environment at proper humidity and temperature, and feeding beef cattle in culture bed with culture density of 5m2Head, free of itFeeding and drinking water;
s3: mixing beef cattle manure and padding, managing periodically, cleaning the beef cattle manure mixture for 6 months, collecting the mixture to a workshop position for composting and fermenting, weighing microorganisms B, namely lactobacillus fermentum, geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas according to a proportion, adding 30 parts of water to prepare bacterial liquid, uniformly spraying the bacterial liquid before normal-temperature composting and fermenting, fully mixing the bacterial liquid with the beef cattle manure, keeping ventilation in a normal-temperature composting workshop, and maintaining the humidity and the temperature of a composting and fermenting environment;
s4: obtaining decomposition products after 10 days of compost fermentation, further processing the decomposition products into organic fertilizers according to needs, and putting the organic fertilizers into an organic fertilizer warehouse.
Example 2
The beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by parts, 3 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 2 parts of nitrobacteria, 4 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans, 4 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 1 part of geotrichum candidum, 5 parts of pseudomonas, 550 parts of sawdust, 350 parts of sugarcane leaves falling to the ground and 40 parts of wheat bran.
As shown in fig. 1, a preparation method of a beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly paving fermentation padding materials of sugarcane yellow leaves and sawdust in a hurdle in sequence to prepare a culture bed, wherein the uniform paving thickness of the culture bed is 10cm, weighing rice bran, wheat bran and microorganisms A, namely thiobacillus thiooxidans, nitrobacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans, adding 30 parts of water to prepare a strain diluent in proportion, and uniformly paving the strain diluent on the culture bed;
s2: keeping the culture environment in continuous ventilation state, ensuring fermentation environment at proper humidity and temperature, and feeding beef cattle in culture bed with culture density of 7m2Head, to allow free ingestion and drinking;
s3: mixing beef cattle manure and padding, managing at regular intervals, cleaning the beef cattle manure mixture for 9 months, collecting the beef cattle manure mixture to a workshop position for composting fermentation, weighing microorganisms B, namely lactobacillus fermentum, geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas according to a proportion, adding 2 parts of water to prepare a bacterial solution, uniformly spraying the bacterial solution before normal-temperature composting fermentation, fully mixing the bacterial solution with the beef cattle manure, keeping ventilation in a normal-temperature composting workshop, and maintaining the humidity and the temperature of a composting fermentation environment;
s4: and obtaining a decomposition product after 15 days of compost fermentation, further processing the decomposition product into an organic fertilizer according to the requirement, and putting the organic fertilizer into an organic fertilizer warehouse.
Example 3
The beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by parts, 2 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 3 parts of nitrobacteria, 3 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans, 3 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 2 parts of geotrichum candidum, 4 parts of pseudomonas, 600 parts of sawdust, 330 parts of fallen sugarcane yellow leaves, 40 parts of rice bran and 40 parts of wheat bran.
As shown in fig. 1, a preparation method of a beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly paving fermentation padding materials of sugarcane yellow leaves and sawdust in a hurdle in sequence to prepare a culture bed, wherein the uniform paving thickness of the culture bed is 8cm, weighing rice bran, wheat bran and microorganisms A, namely thiobacillus thiooxidans, nitrobacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans according to a proportion, adding 25 parts of water, mixing to prepare a strain diluent, and uniformly paving the strain diluent on the culture bed;
s2: keeping the culture environment in a continuous ventilation state, ensuring the fermentation environment in a proper humidity and temperature environment, and then putting the beef cattle into a culture bed for breeding with the culture density of 8m2Head, to allow free ingestion and drinking;
s3: mixing beef cattle manure and padding, managing at regular intervals, cleaning the beef cattle manure mixture for 7 months, collecting the beef cattle manure mixture to a workshop position for composting fermentation, weighing microorganisms B, namely lactobacillus fermentum, geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas according to a proportion, adding 25 parts of water to prepare bacterial liquid, uniformly spraying the bacterial liquid before normal-temperature composting fermentation, fully mixing the bacterial liquid with the beef cattle manure, keeping ventilation in a normal-temperature composting workshop, and maintaining the humidity and the temperature of a composting fermentation environment;
s4: and obtaining a decomposition product after the compost fermentation is finished for 14 days, and further processing the decomposition product into an organic fertilizer according to the requirement, and putting the organic fertilizer into an organic fertilizer warehouse.
Example 4
The beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by parts, 3 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 4 parts of nitrobacteria, 3 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans, 4 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 4 parts of geotrichum candidum, 5 parts of pseudomonas, 570 parts of sawdust, 380 parts of fallen sugarcane yellow leaves, 30 parts of rice bran and 10 parts of wheat bran.
As shown in fig. 1, a preparation method of a beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly paving fermentation padding materials of yellow leaves and sawdust of fallen sugarcanes in a stall house in sequence to prepare a culture bed, uniformly paving the culture bed to be 9cm thick, weighing rice bran, wheat bran and microorganisms A, namely thiobacillus thiooxidans, nitrobacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans according to a proportion, adding 25 parts of water, mixing to prepare a strain diluent, and uniformly paving the strain diluent on the culture bed;
s2: keeping the culture environment in continuous ventilation state, ensuring fermentation environment at proper humidity and temperature, and feeding beef cattle in culture bed with culture density of 10m2Head, to allow free ingestion and drinking;
s3: mixing beef cattle manure and padding, managing at regular intervals, cleaning the beef cattle manure mixture for 8 months, collecting the beef cattle manure mixture to a workshop position for composting fermentation, weighing microorganisms B, namely lactobacillus fermentum, geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas according to a proportion, adding 25 parts of water to prepare bacterial liquid, uniformly spraying the bacterial liquid before normal-temperature composting fermentation, fully mixing the bacterial liquid with the beef cattle manure, keeping ventilation in a normal-temperature composting workshop, and maintaining the humidity and the temperature of a composting fermentation environment;
s4: and obtaining a decomposition product after 13 days of compost fermentation, further processing the decomposition product into an organic fertilizer according to the requirement, and putting the organic fertilizer into an organic fertilizer warehouse.
Comparative example 1
Basically the same materials and proportions and preparation method as used in example 3, except that 3 parts of lactobacillus fermentum were used and 6 parts of water were added before composting in step S3, namely 31 parts of water.
Comparative example 2
Basically the same materials and proportions as used in example 3 and the same preparation method except that only 2 parts of Geotrichum candidum were used and 7 parts of water were added before composting in step S3, namely 32 parts of water.
Comparative example 3
Basically the same materials and proportions as used in example 3 and the same preparation method except that only 4 parts of Pseudomonas were used and 5 parts of water were added before composting in step S3, i.e., 30 parts of water was used.
Comparative example 4
The procedure of example 3 was repeated except that the microorganism B, i.e., Lactobacillus fermentum, Geotrichum candidum, and Pseudomonas were not used and 9 parts of water, i.e., 34 parts of water, was added before composting in step S3.
Comparative example 5
Basically the same materials and proportions as used in example 3 and the same preparation method were used except that the microorganism A, Thiobacillus thiooxidans, nitrifying bacteria and Thiobacillus denitrificans, were not used in the preparation of the diluted strain by mixing, and that 6 parts of water were used, namely 31 parts of water were used in the preparation of the diluted strain by mixing.
Examples of the experiments
The total organic matter content of the air-dried basis of the biological organic fertilizers prepared in the examples 1-4 and the comparative examples 1-4 is collected and measured according to the standard NY/T304-1995, the organic matter content of the biological organic fertilizer prepared by each component is obtained by calculation and is shown in the following table 1, and the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the organic fertilizer is tested by using a PJ-FGN third-generation organic fertilizer detection instrument and is recorded in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 EXAMPLES 1-4 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1-4 Total content of air-dried organic substance and Total content of NPK
As can be seen from Table 1, the total NPK content (air-dried basis) in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention was maintained at a high level of substantially 5.63%, more preferably 5.79% in the most preferable example 3, and the NPK content (air-dried basis) was only 4.33% in comparison with comparative example 4 in which Lactobacillus fermentum, Geotrichum candidum, and Pseudomonas were not used in the composting stage, and the NPK content in comparative examples 1 to 3 in which only one of the components was added was also only 4.78% in the most preferable example 1 and was significantly lower than 5.63% in example 2. Since only a single component is used in comparative example 1 and no lactobacillus fermentum is used in comparative example 4, it can be calculated that the single component lactobacillus fermentum can produce the effect value of 4.78% -4.33% to 0.45%, and similarly, the effect values of geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas respectively are 0.31% and 0.40%, and the sum of the effect values of the three microorganisms theoretically produced by using the three microorganisms simultaneously is 1.16%, but actually, the effect value of 1.46% > 1.16% produced by using the three microorganisms simultaneously in example 3 is larger than the effect value that should be produced theoretically.
In the identification of the result, the effect value M produced by the components when used together is compared with the sum N of the effect values produced by the components when used alone, when (M-N) ÷ Nx 100% ═ D is equal to D, wherein when D is less than 0%, the combination is identified to produce negative effect, the produced effect is not equal to the addition of the effect values of the components when used alone, the components are mutually limited, the combination is not suitable for practical production, when D is more than 0% < D and less than or equal to 10%, the positive effect is produced, but because the influence is small, the produced effect is obvious within the error range of the test result, when D is more than or equal to 10%, the synergistic effect is produced in the reaction process due to the components, the interaction among the components is mutually supported, and the finally produced effect is improved.
The effect value actually produced in example 3 is higher than the theoretically produced effect value (1.46% -1.16%) + -1.16% × 100% ═ 25.86% > 10%, a clear improvement is achieved, demonstrating that a synergistic effect is produced, and the effect of the organic matter (air-dried basis) can be calculated to be a significant improvement, and because the lactobacillus fermentum, geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas fluorescens produce a synergistic effect, because: the lactobacillus fermentum and the geotrichum candidum can generate decomposition and protein, and simultaneously can generate amino acid, the organic matter is converted into useful organic matter for plants, and nutrient substances for the survival and propagation of the pseudomonas are also generated, so that the pseudomonas can proliferate in a short time, the pseudomonas can kill harmful microorganisms, the living environments of the lactobacillus fermentum and the geotrichum candidum are protected, the plants can be protected and the growth of the plants can be promoted in the organic fertilizer, a series of toxic chemical substances are degraded, the nutritional composition of the land is improved, a synergistic effect is generated among the three microorganisms, the organic matter content is increased, and the finally displayed effect is that the fertility of the biological organic fertilizer is improved and the fertilizer efficiency is prolonged.
And as can be seen from the data of the example 3 and the comparative examples 4 and 5, compared with the comparative examples 4 and 5, the air-dried base of the example 3 subjected to the complete two-step fermentation has higher protein content and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, and the result shows that the first step is mainly to retain more nitrogen content in the generated pungent smell and produce organic matters through the life activities of microorganisms so as to improve the organic matter content in the cow dung and urine integrated organic fertilizer, so that the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the data is not higher than that in the comparative example 4; the microorganism B used in the second step is used as a main step for decomposing and generating organic matters, in comparative example 4 without adding the microorganism B, the content of the generated organic matters is lower than that of comparative example 5, the microorganism A and the microorganism B in the two steps support each other, and the microorganisms for solid fermentation in the two steps have synergistic effect, so that the reduction of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and the organic matter content of the solid fermentation microorganism in the absence of any step is very much, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and the organic matter content of the complete organic fertilizer integrated with cow dung and urine after the two-step fermentation in examples 1-4 are far higher than those of comparative examples 4 and 5.
The beef cattle manure and urine integrated treatment method has the advantages that all effective nutrient substances of the beef cattle manure and organic matter content in the prepared fertilizer are kept, water in the fertilizer can be kept, the effect of full decomposition and fermentation is achieved, harmful matter is converted more completely, meanwhile, the two-step solid fermentation technology is adopted, the characteristics of the beef cattle manure and urine integrated organic fertilizer are fully exerted, more organic matter content is obtained, meanwhile, the fallen sugarcane yellow leaves are adopted, in the manure stacking process of the large-volume structure, gap water is left to be automatically evaporated at normal temperature, namely, the nutrient substances in the urine are kept, useless redundant water is removed, the organic fertilizer is better combined with the beef cattle manure, the organic fertilizer with better quality and higher organic matter content is obtained, the preparation method is simple and low in price, and the organic fertilizer has higher economic value.
The cow dung and urine integrated organic fertilizer prepared by the method has high yield reaching 3 tons/year and good quality, wherein the content of the organic matrix is increased from 45-50% to 65-75%, the used raw materials have low price, no dry-wet separation equipment is needed, the production time of a workshop is shortened, the profit is high, zero emission is realized, the transportation and treatment of sewage are reduced, and the cow dung and urine integrated organic fertilizer is sanitary and environment-friendly.
The above description should not be taken as limiting the invention to the embodiments, but rather, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simplifications or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which shall be deemed to fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. The beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts: 2-3 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 2-4 parts of nitrobacteria, 2-4 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans and microorganism B: 2-4 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 1-4 parts of geotrichum candidum, 3-5 parts of pseudomonas, 500-600 parts of sawdust, 400 parts of sugarcane leaves, 0-40 parts of rice bran and 0-40 parts of wheat bran.
2. The beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more of sawdust and fallen sugarcane yellow leaves are mixed to prepare a fermentation pad.
3. The beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more of rice bran and wheat bran is mixed with microorganism A to prepare a strain dilution.
4. The beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following raw materials, microorganism A, in parts: 2 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 3 parts of nitrobacteria and a microorganism B: 3 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans, 3 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 2 parts of geotrichum candidum, 4 parts of pseudomonas, 600 parts of sawdust, 330 parts of sugarcane leaves and 40 parts of rice bran.
5. The beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following raw materials, microorganism A, in parts: 2 parts of thiobacillus thiooxidans, 3 parts of nitrobacteria and a microorganism B: 3 parts of thiobacillus denitrificans, 3 parts of lactobacillus fermentum, 2 parts of geotrichum candidum, 4 parts of pseudomonas, 600 parts of sawdust, 330 parts of sugarcane leaves and 40 parts of wheat bran.
6. The beef cattle manure and urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing fermentation padding materials from sugarcane leaves and sawdust, uniformly paving the mixture in a hurdle to prepare a culture bed, weighing the rice bran, the wheat bran and microorganisms A, namely thiobacillus thiooxidans, nitrobacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans, proportionally adding 20-30 parts of water, mixing to prepare strain diluent, and uniformly paving the strain diluent on the culture bed;
s2: ensuring that the fermentation environment is in a proper humidity and temperature environment, then putting the beef cattle into a bed for breeding, and breeding the beef cattle in captivity by a beef cattle breeding method in a common breeding farm, wherein the beef cattle can be freely fed and drunk;
s3: mixing beef cattle manure with padding, performing regular management, regularly cleaning a beef cattle manure mixture, collecting the beef cattle manure mixture to a workshop position for composting fermentation treatment, weighing microorganisms B, namely lactobacillus fermentum, geotrichum candidum and pseudomonas, adding 20-30 parts of water to prepare bacterial liquid, uniformly spraying the bacterial liquid before composting fermentation at normal temperature, fully mixing the bacterial liquid with the beef cattle manure, keeping ventilation in a normal-temperature composting workshop, and maintaining the humidity and the temperature of a composting fermentation environment;
s4: after the compost fermentation is finished, the decomposition products can be further processed into organic fertilizers according to the needs and then put into an organic fertilizer warehouse.
7. The method for preparing the beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the thickness of the cultivation bed in step S1 is 7-10 cm.
8. The method for preparing the beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the breeding density of the captive beef cattle in the step S2 is 5-10m2Head of the device.
9. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the period of cleaning the mixture of beef cattle manure and urine at regular intervals in step S3 is 6-9 months.
10. The method for preparing the beef cattle manure-urine integrated bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the normal temperature composting time in step S4 is 10-15 days.
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