CN110668865A

CN110668865A - Novel compound fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration and circulating process of novel compound fertilizer and whole industrial chain of large and medium-sized farms

Info

Publication number: CN110668865A
Application number: CN201910441376.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 章兴荣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-24
Filing date: 2019-05-24
Publication date: 2020-01-10

Abstract

The invention provides a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, which comprises the following components: wood vinegar, biogas slurry, composite beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharide, plant enzyme and major, middle and trace elements; it may also comprise the following components: biomass charcoal, biogas residues and organic fertilizer. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the compound novel fertilizer and a circulation process of soil improvement and restoration and a large and medium-sized farm whole industrial chain, which utilizes livestock and poultry manure and organic solid waste to produce raw materials of the compound novel fertilizer. The invention adopts the novel fertilizer to improve and repair the soil, realizes organic combination with a 'planting' mode and a 'breeding' mode, and realizes accurate poverty relief of the whole industrial chain. The whole industrial chain circulation mode is to build a special small town or a rural complex on a medium-low yield field, a polluted land, a saline-alkali land and a desert land, develop an undeveloped land and implant a circulation industrial system, and the industry comprises the following steps: ecological agriculture, environmental protection industry, energy industry, chemical industry, travel industry, health maintenance industry, innovative science and technology industry and the like.

Description

Novel compound fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration and circulating process of novel compound fertilizer and whole industrial chain of large and medium-sized farms

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration and a circulation process of a whole industrial chain of large and medium-sized farms for soil improvement and restoration.

Background

The compound fertilizer is a chemical fertilizer containing two or more nutrient elements, has the advantages of high nutrient content, few side ingredients, good physical properties and the like, and plays an important role in balancing fertilization, improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and promoting the high and stable yield of crops; however, it has some disadvantages, such as that its nutrient proportion is always fixed, and the kinds, amounts and proportions of nutrient elements required for different soils and different crops are various.

Meanwhile, wastes to be treated, such as a large amount of biogas residues, biogas slurry and organic fertilizers generated by treating livestock and poultry manure, biomass charcoal and pyroligneous liquor generated by treating unutilized agricultural and forestry wastes (including straw and fruit tree pruning), and biomass charcoal, pyroligneous liquor, biogas slurry and organic fertilizers generated by treating organic solid wastes (municipal and rural wastes, kitchen wastes, human wastes, organic sludge, waste plastics, waste agricultural films, waste wood, medical wastes, industrial and agricultural organic waste residues and the like), are generated every year, and how to consume the wastes becomes an urgent problem to be solved.

Although these wastes have the potential to be components of compound fertilizers, there is currently no corresponding technology. Therefore, at present, a fertilizer which is used for 'balance filling and hook increasing and decreasing' through saline-alkali soil and desert remediation is urgently needed, and a complete solution for comprehensively solving the above substances needing to be consumed and the soil remediation fertilizer is also needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration and a circulation process of a soil improvement and restoration and a large and medium-sized farm whole industrial chain by taking a 'new environmental protection + new energy + new agriculture + new chemical industry (4N)' whole industrial chain circulation development mode as a solution scheme through technical integration and technical innovation, so as to optimize the process among the new environmental protection, the new energy, the new agriculture and the new chemical industry and recycle wastes in the upstream and downstream relationship of the industrial chain and realize a high-quality development new mode with ecological priority and green development as guidance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the first object of the invention is to provide a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, which comprises the following components: wood vinegar, biogas slurry, composite beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharide, plant enzyme and major, middle and trace elements.

In order to further optimize the compound novel fertilizer, the technical measures adopted by the invention also comprise:

further, the compound novel fertilizer also comprises the following components: biomass charcoal, biogas residues and bio-organic fertilizer.

Further, the compound novel fertilizer is a liquid compound novel fertilizer, and comprises the following components: 0.25-1 wt% of wood vinegar, 98-98.5 wt% of biogas slurry, 0.1-0.3 wt% of composite beneficial microorganisms, 0-0.5 wt% of oligosaccharides, 0-0.5 wt% of plant enzymes and 0-0.5 wt% of major, medium and trace elements.

Further, the compound novel fertilizer is a solid compound novel fertilizer, which comprises the following components: the compound novel fertilizer is a solid compound novel fertilizer and comprises the following components: 30-50 wt% of biomass charcoal, 0.05-0.15 wt% of pyroligneous liquor, 25-35 wt% of biogas residue, 0.05-3 wt% of biogas slurry, 24-34 wt% of organic fertilizer, 0.005-1 wt% of composite beneficial microorganism, 0.05-1 wt% of oligosaccharide, 0.05-0.5 wt% of plant enzyme and 0.05-1 wt% of major, medium and trace elements.

Still further, the composite beneficial microorganism specifically comprises: the compound microbial population is extracted from the microbial community in the natural world, and the compound microbial strain is cultured by adopting a natural culture technology. The cultivation method is to culture at 80 deg.C for 5 hr or more. Different from most of the existing artificial culture of one or more kinds of microbial strains, the method takes care of the complex microbial strains existing in the natural soil in a large-scale production process mode, and comprises hundreds of strains, so that the method has strong adaptability to different environments, and has no variation and maintains a stable organic structure for a long time. The detection of an authority organization shows that 185 single bacteria exist, wherein 45 main strains including bacillus, bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes, lactobacillus and the like are identified.

The oligosaccharide is planting oligosaccharide; the plant enzyme is plant growing enzyme; the macroelements comprise nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; the medium elements comprise: calcium, magnesium, sulfur; the microelements comprise iron, copper, manganese, molybdenum, zinc and boron.

Further, the biogas residues and biogas slurry are from an anaerobic fermentation process of livestock and poultry manure and organic solid waste; the organic fertilizer is from an aerobic fermentation process of organic solid waste; the biomass charcoal and the pyroligneous liquor are from a gasification and carbonization process of organic solid waste.

Further, the organic solid waste includes municipal and rural waste, kitchen waste, human excrement, organic sludge, waste plastics, waste agricultural films, waste wood, medical waste, industrial and agricultural organic waste residues.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, wherein the compound novel fertilizer is a liquid compound novel fertilizer, and the method comprises the following steps:

1. soil testing (soil testing is not needed in soilless culture);

2. customizing the liquid compound novel fertilizer according to different varieties of planted agricultural products;

for example: weighing 1 kg of pyroligneous liquor, 98 kg of biogas slurry, 0.5 kg of plant enzyme, 0.5 kg of oligosaccharide, 0.2 kg of secondary element, 0.2 kg of trace element and 0.1 kg of beneficial microbial agent, mixing, and blending to prepare a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, and the compound novel fertilizer is used for soil improvement and restoration development ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture. The third purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, wherein the compound novel fertilizer is a solid compound novel fertilizer, and the method comprises the following steps:

1. measuring soil;

2. customizing a solid compound novel fertilizer according to different varieties of planted agricultural products;

for example: weighing 30 kg of biomass charcoal, 0.1 kg of pyroligneous liquor and 32 kg of biogas residues, 24 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.1 kg of plant enzyme, 0.1 kg of oligosaccharide, 0.1 kg of secondary element, 0.1 kg of trace element and 0.1 kg of beneficial microbial agent, mixing, adding 1 kg of biogas slurry into a mixture material, circularly drying and granulating after mixing, mixing to prepare the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, wherein the particle diameter of the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration is 1.5 mm or not drying and granulating, and directly applying fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration development of agriculture ecology and intelligent agriculture.

The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a soil improvement and restoration and circulation process of the whole industrial chain of large and medium-sized farms, which comprises the following steps: carrying out anaerobic fermentation on livestock and poultry manure and organic solid waste with high water content in large and medium-sized farms to produce biogas residues, biogas slurry and biogas;

carrying out aerobic fermentation on the organic solid waste to produce an organic fertilizer;

gasifying and carbonizing the organic solid waste to prepare biomass charcoal, wood vinegar liquid and biomass gas;

the produced biogas residues, biogas slurry, organic fertilizer, biomass charcoal and pyroligneous liquor are mixed with compound beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharide, plant enzyme and major, middle and trace elements to prepare the compound novel fertilizer.

In order to further optimize the above cycle process of the whole industrial chain, the technical measures adopted by the invention also include:

further, the recycling process of the whole industrial chain specifically comprises the following steps:

1. the livestock and poultry manure is used for anaerobic fermentation;

2. organic solid waste with high water content and low lignin content is used for aerobic fermentation;

3. the organic solid waste with high lignin content and low water content is used for gasification and carbonization;

4. purifying the biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation to generate dry ice and compressed natural gas; purifying the biomass gas gasified and carbonized by the organic solid waste to generate electricity for equipment in a supply system;

5. the generated byproducts, namely biogas residues, biogas slurry, bio-organic fertilizer, biomass charcoal and pyroligneous are used for producing novel fertilizer for improving and repairing soil, the novel fertilizer is used for surrounding ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture, and the dry ice serving as 'gas fertilizer' is also supplied for the ecological agriculture and the intelligent agriculture;

the steps and substances all realize closed loop.

Further, the specific operation steps of the anaerobic fermentation comprise:

1. pretreating livestock and poultry manure and organic solid waste with high water content;

2. adjusting the technical parameters of the temperature (35-38 ℃), the pH value (6,8-7,4), the carbon-nitrogen ratio (25:1) and the like of the materials, and then feeding the materials into an anaerobic fermentation tank;

3. the biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation for 20-30 days is desulfurized, dehydrated and purified to produce dry ice and compressed natural gas;

4. the biogas residues and the biogas slurry are used as a part of the novel fertilizer to produce the novel fertilizer;

further, the specific operation steps of the aerobic fermentation comprise:

1. dehydrating the material;

2. adding straws, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio (23:1) of the materials;

3. adding a compound microorganism;

4. turning and throwing when the temperature of the materials reaches 60-70 ℃, and producing the biological organic fertilizer after 7-12 days;

further, the specific operation steps of the gasification carbonization comprise:

1. preparing rods from organic solid wastes;

2. put into a gasification furnace and a carbonization furnace

3. Starting the ignition device to operate;

4. purifying biomass fuel gas by a dry method;

5. biomass gas power generation

6. The waste heat of the generator set supplies heat for the anaerobic fermentation tank;

7. the biomass charcoal and the pyroligneous liquor are used as a part of the novel fertilizer, and the biogas residues, the biogas slurry, the organic fertilizer, the oligosaccharide and the plant enzyme are added according to a certain proportion to produce the novel fertilizer;

and further, introducing the biogas into biogas purification and compression equipment and dry ice equipment to prepare dry ice air fertilizer, compressed natural gas and chemical products.

1. Desulfurizing, dehydrating and purifying the methane;

2. separating carbon dioxide and methane from the biogas;

3. liquefying carbon dioxide gas, entering into dry ice making equipment (the pressure of an expansion tank is reduced to 1.17Mpa, the temperature is reduced to-30 ℃, the liquefied carbon dioxide gas is sprayed into a curing chamber of an ice pressing machine, and then the expansion pressure is 0.528Mpa, the temperature is reduced to-56.6 ℃) to produce dry ice;

4. methane enters natural gas compression equipment (pressurized to 20Mpa) to produce compressed natural gas;

further, the compound novel fertilizer and the dry ice air fertilizer are applied to ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture. Furthermore, ecological agriculture refers to planting crops by an ecological planting method; the intelligent agriculture is to plant crops by automatically controlling indexes such as light, humidity, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and the like.

And further, the biomass gas is introduced into a container mute gas generator set to provide electric power for the biogas purification and compression equipment and the dry ice equipment.

Further, the soil improvement comprises improving a medium-low yield field to become a high-yield field; the soil remediation comprises saline-alkali soil remediation, heavy metal, pesticide and antibiotic polluted land remediation and desert land remediation;

furthermore, the large and medium-sized farms comprise pig farms, cattle farms, sheep farms and chicken farms.

The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide a device applied to a circulation process of soil improvement and restoration and a whole industrial chain of large and medium-sized farms, which comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, aerobic fermentation equipment, gasification and carbonization equipment, biogas purification and compression equipment, dry ice equipment, a container mute gas generator set, novel fertilizer production equipment, agricultural facilities and the like.

In the invention, the formula of the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration is prepared from biomass charcoal and pyroligneous liquor (derived from Jujun grass and organic solid waste gasification carbonization); biogas residues and biogas slurry (from livestock and poultry manure and pennisetum giganteum anaerobic fermentation); organic fertilizer (derived from Jujun grass and organic solid waste with high water content is aerobically fermented); compounding beneficial microorganisms; oligosaccharide, plant enzyme and major, middle and trace elements (determined according to soil testing formula and planted crop variety). The compound novel fertilizer is divided into two types: one is a solid compound novel fertilizer; one is a liquid compound fertilizer. The solid compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing biomass charcoal, a small amount of wood vinegar, biogas residue, a small amount of biogas slurry, organic fertilizer, compound beneficial microorganism, oligosaccharide, plant enzyme, large, medium and trace elements. The liquid compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing pyroligneous liquor, biogas slurry, compound beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharide, plant enzyme, and large, medium and trace elements.

In the above formulation, the components of the formulation are described as follows:

1. biomass charcoal

(1) The biomass charcoal is returned to the field, so that the porosity of the soil can be increased, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the ventilation and water permeability conditions of the soil are improved, the maximum water holding capacity of the soil is improved, and the problem of soil hardening can be alleviated.

Experimental research shows that: the biomass charcoal is added to the soil by 4 percent, and the volume weight (g/cm) of the soil³) From 1.39 to 1.20; the maximum water holding capacity (%) of the soil increased from 37.71 to 41.17; the maximum water holding capacity (%) of the soil increased from 29.12 to 34.33.

(2) The biomass charcoal is returned to the field, so that major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and the like which are in short supply in farmland soil can be returned to the soil, and trace elements such as copper, iron, zinc and the like which are necessary for plants can be supplemented, thereby being beneficial to improving the yield and the quality of crops.

(3) The biomass charcoal is returned to the field, so that the adsorption of the soil to the phosphorus can be inhibited, the desorption of the phosphorus is facilitated, and the absorption and utilization of the plants to the phosphorus are improved.

The experimental study shows that: when the phosphorus adding amount of the soil is 100mg/kg, after 4 percent of biomass is added into the soil, the phosphorus adsorption rate is 22.37 percent, and the phosphorus adsorption rate of the soil without biomass charcoal is up to 52.43 percent; and the corresponding soil phosphorus desorption rate is improved from 0.85% to 22.81%.

(4) The biomass charcoal is returned to the field, has the effect of repairing the heavy metal pollution of the soil, and has a remarkable adsorption effect on cadmium (Cd) in the polluted soil.

The experimental study shows that: in the experiment of planting the pakchoi in the soil polluted by the third-level cadmium (100 mg/kg-third-level, 0.6mg as second-level and 0.3mg as first-level) and the soil added with 4% of biomass charcoal, the content of cadmium in the pakchoi leaves is reduced by 49.43%; the content of cadmium in the small Chinese cabbage root is reduced by 73.51%.

2. Wood vinegar

(1) Used as plant growth promoter and applied directly to soil.

Wood vinegar has an extremely important role in soil improvement, as does charcoal. The wood vinegar can be absorbed by crops as a nutrient supplement component, and the substances with the effects of sterilization and disinsection are only a small part. However, the wood vinegar has the function that neither chemical fertilizer nor pesticide can replace the wood vinegar.

If the pyroligneous liquor can be correctly used, the absorption performance of the fertilizer can be better, the effect is better, and the plant diseases and insect pests of crops can be reduced. Spraying wood vinegar in soil can not only promote the growth of the roots of crops, but also improve the soil environment and promote the propagation of useful microorganisms.

The wood vinegar is used 10-30 times in the open space and 100-200 times in the growth period, and is applied to the deep soil; or mixed with farm manure by 50-100 times and applied to the field. The fertilizer can accelerate the propagation of beneficial microorganisms, promote the germination of crops and the development of root systems, thereby promoting the growth of the crops, preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, inhibiting or killing various pathogenic bacteria such as pathogenic fungi, penicillium, rhizoctonia, sclerotinia, fusarium and the like, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests such as nematodes and the like, adjusting the pH value of soil, and purifying and improving the soil. Especially for saline-alkali soil, the effect of improving the soil is more obvious.

And (3) rice cultivation: taking the use of pyroligneous liquor as an example, for seedlings in a seedling bed, pyroligneous liquor is mixed with powdered carbon and used. The 1000 times of liquid is irrigated in the seedlings, so that the growth of roots is promoted, the transplanted seedlings have strong vitality, the seedlings grow more easily, the 300 times of liquid is sprayed for several times after the rice ears appear, and the yield of the rice can be increased. Application of wood vinegar to paddy fields also promotes the growth of rice roots. The application period is preferably after the effective stem number of the rice is set. If applied prior to formation, it is possible to increase the number of divisions (i.e., the number of stem-to-branch distances near the root). The application method comprises blocking water outlet after spraying, and injecting 5-6L stock solution from inlet into the container, wherein the stock solution is diluted by 50-100 times, and the dilution rate is preferably proper. Furthermore, it is preferable to have water in every place in the field when spraying, which allows more uniform penetration than when flowing into a place with a lack of water.

(2) Is used as a micro-fertilizer to be sprayed on the leaf surfaces

The wood vinegar can be directly used as a micro-fertilizer to be sprayed on plant leaf surfaces, and can play a role in promoting light mixing, accelerating leaf growth, slowing leaf senescence and preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests. Generally 600 times of crops are sprayed, 500 times of rice are sprayed, 1000 times of sensitive crops such as watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, towel gourd, golden-silk melon, pawpaw and pomelo are sprayed in the young fruit period, and the pear is protected from damaging pericarp by using high-concentration wood vinegar before bagging.

1) The broad beans and the green beans are sprayed with 500 times of liquid before blooming, and after the bean pods are formed, the liquid is sprayed with 300 times of liquid two to three times per month on average, so that the yield of fruits is improved.

2) The corn is sprayed with 300 times of liquid for 3 times per month on average, so that the grass worms can be effectively prevented and the yield and the quality of the corn can be improved.

3) Fruits and vegetables

① diluted low-concentration wood vinegar is mostly applied to short and small crops before and after the germination period, for example, spraying twice every five days with 1000 times of liquid, then with 800 times of liquid and 500 times of liquid, and spraying once with 300 times of liquid before harvest, 200 g of one spinach is 12, and it is enough if the stems and leaves are full of 6-7.

② after transplanting cabbage and Chinese cabbage, 300 times of the solution is sprayed twice or three times a month, and 2000 times of the solution is used every seven days during seedling cultivation period.

③ Green onion, onion and garlic are sprayed with 1000 times of 800-fold liquid in the seedling stage, and from the second half of growth stage to harvest, 300 times of liquid is sprayed for 2-3 times in one month, at this time, the green onion becomes sharp, the color is good, the leaves are wrapped more tightly, the quality is not to say, the green onion is soft and delicious to eat, the garlic heads after harvest are also fruity, and the yield of garlic can be improved.

④ the tomato, cucumber and eggplant are sprayed with 500 times of liquid at the seedling stage, then sprayed with 300 times of liquid every month on average to grow smoothly, the purple color of the eggplant becomes bright and rich, if the brown root of the tomato has rotten symptom, the root can be watered with wood vinegar liquid, in order to prevent the soil temperature from being too low, a proper amount of powdered carbon is added into the soil around the root, which has more remarkable effect, in addition, for the eggplant with the disease of withering and half-body withering, etc., 50 times of liquid of 1-2L can be watered per plant on average to recover, and for the pepper, the condition of falling naturally after spraying is reduced, the fruit is likely to be slightly smaller, but the size is more uniform from the whole, and the yield is increased.

The pyroligneous liquor can also be mixed with the same multiple amount of the brown sugar ferment for use to prepare the xyloigneous liquor with sugar, and the xyloigneous liquor is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the crops. The wood vinegar can also be mixed with other materials for use, such as: before flowering, the fruit plants can be sprayed with appropriate amount of phosphoric acid-calcium, phosphoric acid-potassium, boric acid, cell splitting agent and the like to inhibit spindling and promote flower bud differentiation, improve fruit yield and the like; during the young fruit period, proper amount of fish essence, amino acid, seaweed essence, milk powder, comprehensive mixed microbe or trace elements may be added to promote fruit hypertrophy, but the nitrogen material should be stopped in use until the middle period, and phosphoric acid-calcium, phosphoric acid-potassium, calcium lactate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, manganese sulfate, etc. are used to increase sugar degree and reduce fruit acidity. For example, Haicao essence, citronella oil, peppermint oil, chinaberry oil, summer oil, comprehensive beneficial microorganisms, and Bacillus thuringiensis can be added to improve the effect of the plant diseases and insect pests. The alkaline material cannot be used in a mixture with wood vinegar.

(3) Active fertilizer preparation

The wood vinegar liquid, the charcoal powder and the wood tar are mixed according to a certain proportion, other materials can also be added in a proper amount to prepare the super active fertilizer, and the super active fertilizer has ten effects of ① providing trace elements required by the growth process of crops, ② promoting the ecological balance of soil organisms, ③ maintaining the fertilizer efficiency, ④ adjusting the pH value of soil, ⑤ maintaining the moisture in the soil, ⑥ enhancing the air permeability of the soil, ⑦ granulating the soil, ⑧ improving the temperature of the surface of the soil, ⑨ improving the fertilizer efficiency by mixing with farmyard manure to prevent the damage of the farmyard manure to the crops, ⑩ reducing the root rot problem of the crops and preventing and controlling underground diseases and insect pests.

(4) As a synergist for agricultural chemicals

The effectiveness of the pesticide can be effectively improved by mixing the wood vinegar and the pesticide. Many substances in the wood vinegar have the effect of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and the organic compounding and synergistic effect of the wood vinegar and pesticide components can greatly improve the effect of the pesticide. On the other hand, the wood vinegar liquid can well dissolve the medicinal components of the pesticide, and the molecules of the substances such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and the like in the wood vinegar liquid are smaller than water molecules and can well permeate into the tissues such as leaves, roots and the like of crops, so that the pesticide effect is better exerted, and the using amount of the pesticide is reduced. (Note: Wood vinegar cannot be used in combination with alkaline pesticide)

(5) Used as fertilizer synergist

The wood vinegar liquid and the fertilizer are mixed for use, and the effects of improving the fertility and prolonging the fertilizer efficiency are achieved. The pyroligneous liquor has the function of fixing nitrogen decomposed from ammonia, and can be well permeated into soil to prevent the volatilization of the effective components of the fertilizer. The growth of the root system is promoted, and the nitrogen of the air root is assisted, so that the crops can smoothly absorb the nutrients in the soil, and the growth of the crops is accelerated.

(6) Used as growth promoter for edible fungi

The wood vinegar is added into the culture medium of the edible fungi, and has obvious promotion effect on the growth of mycelium and fruiting body of the edible fungi. When the culture medium per kilogram contains 0.05-0.25ml of wood vinegar, the growth promoting effect on the edible fungi is the best. According to the experimental result, the addition of 0.1-0.6% wood vinegar stock solution into the culture medium can increase the yield of the practical bacteria by 21-42%.

(7) Used as feed additive

The rectified pyroligneous is absorbed by carbon powder and then added into feed, so that the propagation of lactic acid bacteria can be increased, abnormal fermentation of internal organs, particularly intestinal tracts, can be reduced, the gastrointestinal function can be enhanced, the digestion and absorption of animals can be promoted, the appetite of livestock can be increased, the growth and development of the livestock can be promoted, the content of saturated fatty acid in meat can be reduced, the content of unsaturated fatty acid can be increased, the quality of meat can be improved, the egg yield of laying hens and the quality of eggs can be improved, and the preservation and storage time can be prolonged. The wood vinegar can be added into feed to prevent feed mildew and reduce animal excrement odor. Therefore, the wood vinegar is dispersed in animal excrement and is also a good deodorant. The pyroligneous liquor is used as a feed additive, and the addition amount of the pyroligneous liquor is about 0.4 percent of the feed.

(8) Used as water quality purifying agent

Research shows that the wood vinegar liquid can raise the eliminating effect of CODcr (chemical oxygen demand) by 10% in treating domestic sewage. Therefore, the cost can be greatly saved by using the pyroligneous liquor to treat the sewage.

3. Biogas residue

The biogas residue is used as a high-quality solid fertilizer, has rich nutrient components and comprehensive nutrient content, wherein 36 to 49 percent of organic matters, 10.1 to 24.6 percent of humic acid, 5 to 9 percent of crude protein, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of nitrogen, 0.6 to 1.2 percent of potassium and some mineral nutrients. The biogas residues are formed under anaerobic conditions, so that the nutrient component retention is better compared with the common compost. The biogas residue is composed of three different parts and plays three different roles. Firstly, organic matters and humic acid play an important role in improving soil; nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements meet the growth requirement of crops; thirdly, the raw materials which are not decomposed are applied to farmlands for fermentation to release nutrients, which is the reason for the slow release of the biogas residue fertilizer.

The yield of crops can be improved by 10-30% after long-term application of the biogas fertilizer, the quality of agricultural products is improved by 1-2 grades, and the income is increased by 0.2-1 yuan per jin.

4. Biogas slurry

The biogas slurry has three effects in agricultural planting, namely ① improving the organic matter content of farmland and improving farmland soil, ② replacing chemical fertilizer, the fertility is ten times of that of common chemical fertilizer, the water quality characteristic is easy to be absorbed by plants, and the using amount of the chemical fertilizer in farmland is reduced by 50%, ③ has the functions of expelling insects, killing insects and sterilizing, replaces partial pesticides, is a green biological pesticide, and is the best fertilizer for producing pollution-free green and high-grade organic food, and the crop nutrition is the most complete and balanced in the world at present.

5. Composite beneficial microorganism

The composite beneficial microorganism contains polysaccharide viscous substances and can adsorb pollutants in the environment. China has a serious condition of heavy metal pollution, and microorganisms are used for adsorbing heavy metal ions, so that the method is one of the most promising pollution control methods. The fertilizer can also adjust the pH value of soil, balance an enzyme system, find a balance point between humification and mineralization, improve the chemical properties of the soil, and particularly improve the nutrient conversion and acid-base buffer capacity; organic nutrition is used as bridging agent, so that indigenous microorganisms can rapidly propagate, the culture capability of soil is improved, a soil enzyme system is balanced, and the enzyme can keep alive through special process treatment.

6. Oligosaccharides

Compared with most high molecular compounds, the chitosan oligosaccharide and the derivatives thereof have the advantages of no toxicity, no smell, good environmental compatibility, high activity, biodegradability and the like, so the application research has been greatly developed from the 70 th century of 20 th. The application research in the 80 s tends to develop towards products with high added values, such as cosmetics, food additives, semipermeable membranes, medicinal carriers, medicines and the like, and has wide prospects in agricultural application.

(1) The chitosan oligosaccharide used as the plant growth regulator for seed treatment is used for seed treatment and seed coating, and can enhance the disease resistance of plants and regulate the growth of plants.

According to the test of a garden farm, after the rape and the crowndaisy chrysanthemum seeds are soaked in 800 times of chitosan oligosaccharide solution and sowed, the root development can be promoted, and the yield can be improved. Wheat seeds have been treated in 11 states of the united states with a chitosan oligosaccharide coating process. Seed treatment with chitosan oligosaccharide has been widely used.

(2) Root irrigation and leaf surface treatment for improving crop yield

(3) The soil improvement chitosan oligosaccharide water-based soil conditioner can improve the granular structure of soil, increase the yield of strawberries and reduce the evaporation of soil moisture. The soilless culture liquid fertilizer consisting of chitosan oligosaccharide and trace elements is available in foreign markets.

(4) Can be made into slow release materials for pesticide and fertilizer

The chitosan oligosaccharide can be made into slow release materials of herbicide and urea, and can also be made into biological pesticides such as chitin-mixed inhibitor. A nematicidal pesticide, Clandosan, in the United states, mainly contains chitosan oligosaccharide and has certain fertilizer efficiency.

(5) The chitin can be used for feeding red sea bream and lion fish to promote growth. Can also be used as chicken feed additive.

7. Plant enzymes

Enzymes are catalysts for the transformation of substances in all organisms-plants are also one of the organisms. Enzymes play an extremely important role in the metabolic process of organisms, and thousands of different active cellular molecules require thousands of different enzymes to participate in the reaction. Important enzymes: digestive, absorptive and metabolic enzymes; lack of important enzymes: crops can suffer from disease, yellowing, aging, and even death.

The enzyme fertilizer is divided into two types:

one is added with plant extracts which are extracted from plants and have the functions of enhancing the light mixing effect of the plants, promoting the plants to self-prepare any functional enzyme meeting the healthy growth requirements, promoting the plants to digest and absorb nutrients and convert the nutrients into dry matters for storage, increasing the yield of crops, improving the quality and the stress resistance, and achieving the health of being tired and fragrant and sweet.

The other is an enzyme fertilizer which is added with specific enzymes such as amylase or antioxidant dismutase and the like, and the enzyme fertilizer cannot meet the requirement that tens of millions of enzymes are needed for plant growth. It is also possible that the addition of excess amounts inhibits the production of other enzymes and leads to imbalances or deletions.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the invention adopts the novel fertilizer to improve and repair the soil, realizes organic combination and mixing of 'planting' and 'breeding', brings out the best in each other, mutually promotes and pulls employment, and realizes the accurate poverty relief of the whole industrial chain. The above-mentioned whole industry chain circulation mode is to build the garden complex in the middle and low-yield field, contaminated land and saline and alkaline land and desert land, "take up and compensate the balance, increase and decrease the hook" develop the undeveloped land, implant the circulation industrial system of "three generations and three melts", the industry includes: ecological agriculture, environmental protection industry, energy industry, chemical industry, travel industry, health maintenance industry and innovative science and technology industry.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a development mode of a recycling process of a whole industrial chain of a large and medium-sized farm for soil improvement and restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention relates to a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, which comprises the following components: wood vinegar, biogas slurry, composite beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharide, plant enzyme and major, middle and trace elements; it may also comprise the following components: biomass charcoal, biogas residues and organic fertilizer. The invention also relates to a circulating process of soil improvement and restoration and a whole industrial chain of large and medium-sized farms, which produces the raw materials of the compound novel fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure and organic solid wastes.

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

Example 1

This example is a solid compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and remediation, comprising: biomass charcoal (50 wt%), pyroligneous liquor (0.1 wt%), biogas residue (25 wt%) and a small amount of biogas slurry (0.1 wt%), bio-organic fertilizer (22 wt%), composite beneficial microorganism (1 wt%), oligosaccharide (0.5 wt%), plant enzyme (0.5 wt%) and medium and trace elements (0.4 wt% )) (the components are as above);

the preparation steps of the solid compound novel fertilizer are as follows: as above

Weighing 50 kg of biomass charcoal, 0.1 kg of pyroligneous liquor, 25 kg of biogas residues, 22 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.5 kg of plant enzyme, 0.5 kg of oligosaccharide, 0.4 kg of secondary element, 0.4 kg of trace element and 1 kg of beneficial microbial agent, mixing, adding 0.1 kg of biogas slurry into a mixture material, circularly drying and granulating after mixing, and mixing to prepare the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, wherein the particle diameter of the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration is 1.5 mm or not drying and granulating, and the compound novel fertilizer is directly applied to soil improvement and restoration development of agriculture and intelligent agriculture.

Example 2

This example is a solid compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and remediation, comprising: the fertilizer comprises 40 wt% of biomass charcoal, 0.1 wt% of pyroligneous liquor, 35 wt% of biogas residues, 1 wt% of a small amount of biogas slurry, 21.5 wt% of a bio-organic fertilizer, 0.2 wt% of composite beneficial microorganisms, 1 wt% of oligosaccharides, 0.4 wt% of plant enzymes and 0.4 wt% of middle and trace elements;

the preparation steps of the solid compound novel fertilizer are as follows:

weighing 40 kg of biomass charcoal, 0.1 kg of pyroligneous liquor, 35 kg of biogas residues, 21.5 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.4 kg of plant enzyme, 1 kg of oligosaccharide, 0.4 kg of secondary element, 0.4 kg of trace element and 0.2 kg of beneficial microbial agent, mixing, adding 1 kg of biogas slurry into a mixture material, circularly drying and granulating after mixing, mixing to prepare the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, wherein the particle diameter of the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration is 1.5 mm or not drying and granulating, and directly applying fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration development of agriculture ecology and intelligent agriculture.

Example 3

This example is a solid compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and remediation, comprising: 30 wt% of biomass charcoal, 0.1 wt% of pyroligneous liquor, 33 wt% of biogas residues, 3 wt% of biogas slurry, 32 wt% of organic fertilizer, 1 wt% of composite beneficial microorganisms, 0.1 wt% of oligosaccharides, 0.1 wt% of plant enzymes and 0.4 wt% and 0.3 wt% of medium and trace elements;

the preparation steps of the solid compound novel fertilizer are as follows:

weighing 30 kg of biomass charcoal, 0.1 kg of pyroligneous liquor, 33 kg of biogas residues, 32 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.1 kg of plant enzyme, 0.1 kg of oligosaccharide, 0.4 kg of secondary element, 0.3 kg of trace element and 1 kg of beneficial microbial agent, mixing, adding 3 kg of biogas slurry into a mixture material, circularly drying and granulating after mixing, mixing to prepare the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, wherein the particle diameter of the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration is 1.5 mm or not drying and granulating, and directly applying fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration development of ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture.

Example 4

This example is a novel fertilizer of liquid compound for soil improvement and remediation, which includes: pyroligneous liquor (1 wt%), biogas slurry (98 wt%), composite beneficial microorganisms (0.1 wt%), oligosaccharides (0.2 wt%), plant enzyme (0.5 wt%) and medium and trace elements (0.1 wt% and 0.1 wt%);

the preparation steps of the liquid compound novel fertilizer are as follows:

weighing 1 kg of pyroligneous liquor, 98 kg of biogas slurry, 0.5 kg of plant enzyme, 0.2 kg of oligosaccharide, 0.1 kg of secondary element, 0.1 kg of trace element and 0.1 kg of beneficial microbial agent, mixing, and blending to prepare a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, and the compound novel fertilizer is used for soil improvement and restoration development ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture.

Example 5

This example is a novel fertilizer of liquid compound for soil improvement and remediation, which includes: pyroligneous liquor (0.5 wt%), biogas slurry (98.5 wt%), composite beneficial microorganisms (0.1 wt%), oligosaccharides (0.2 wt%), plant enzyme (0.5 wt%) and medium and trace elements (0.1 wt% );

the preparation steps of the liquid compound novel fertilizer are as follows:

weighing 0.5 kg of pyroligneous liquor, 98.5 kg of biogas slurry, 0.5 kg of plant enzyme, 0.2 kg of oligosaccharide, 0.1 kg of secondary element, 0.1 kg of trace element and 0.1 kg of beneficial microbial agent, mixing, and blending to prepare a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, and the compound novel fertilizer is used for soil improvement and restoration development ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture.

Example 6

This example is a novel fertilizer of liquid compound for soil improvement and remediation, which includes: pyroligneous liquor (0.25 wt%), biogas slurry (98.25 wt%), composite beneficial microorganisms (0.2 wt%), oligosaccharides (0.3 wt%), plant enzyme (0.5 wt%) and medium and trace elements (0.3 wt%, 0.2 wt%);

the preparation steps of the liquid compound novel fertilizer are as follows:

weighing 0.25 kg of pyroligneous liquor, 98.25 kg of biogas slurry, 0.5 kg of plant enzyme, 0.3 kg of oligosaccharide, 0.3 kg of secondary element, 0.2 kg of microelement and 0.2 kg of beneficial microbial agent, mixing, and blending to prepare a compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration, and the compound novel fertilizer is used for soil improvement and restoration development ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture.

Example 7

The embodiment is a relevant performance verification of the compound novel fertilizer prepared in the above embodiments 1 to 6, and has achieved a good effect in projects of improving low-yield fields in Jiangsu, repairing saline-alkali soil in Jiangsu and repairing heavy metal contaminated land in Hunan province: comprises improving the medium and low yield field, and increasing the yield by more than 10%; the saline-alkali soil is repaired, so that the crop has higher yield in the same year; repairing the land polluted by heavy metals, pesticides and antibiotics, wherein the heavy metals, pesticides and antibiotics residues in the planted crops reach the organic food standard;

example 8

The embodiment is a "new environmental protection + new energy + new agriculture + new chemical industry (4N)" whole industrial chain circulation process flow of a whole industrial chain of a large and medium-sized farm for soil improvement and restoration, as shown in fig. 1, the whole industrial chain circulation process flow includes: pretreating livestock and poultry manure and organic solid waste with high water content in large and medium-sized farms, adjusting the temperature, the pH value and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the materials, and then performing anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas residues, biogas slurry and biogas; adding compound microorganisms into organic solid waste with low water content to carry out aerobic fermentation to produce organic fertilizer; gasifying and carbonizing organic solid waste with low water content and high lignin content to prepare biomass charcoal, pyroligneous liquor and biomass gas; the produced biogas residue, biogas slurry, organic fertilizer, biomass charcoal and wood vinegar are mixed with compound beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharide, plant enzyme and major, medium and trace elements to prepare the solid or liquid compound novel fertilizer.

In this embodiment, the biogas is introduced into a biogas purification and compression device and a dry ice device to prepare dry ice air fertilizer, compressed natural gas and chemical products. The compound novel fertilizer and the dry ice air fertilizer are applied to ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture. And introducing biomass gas into the container mute gas generator set to provide electric power for the biogas purification and compression equipment and the dry ice equipment.

In the whole industrial chain circulation process, soil improvement refers to improvement of medium and low yield fields to high yield fields; the soil remediation comprises saline-alkali soil remediation, heavy metal, pesticide and antibiotic polluted land remediation and desert land remediation;

the medium-large farm refers to pig farm, cattle farm, sheep farm, chicken farm, etc.;

the new environmental protection means that the distributed organic solid waste treatment is used for solving point source pollution and surface source pollution in cities and countryside, realizing 'full coverage' and generating no 'secondary pollution' by mainly treating pig manure and urine in a pig farm and secondarily treating all organic solid waste within the range of 0-20 kilometers around.

The new energy refers to the production of gas energy by using organic solid wastes, and the production of high-grade energy electricity and compressed natural gas by using low-grade energy.

The new agriculture means that ecological agriculture is developed around a pig farm, a soil testing formula is adopted, a novel fertilizer is customized according to the variety of the planted agricultural products, soil is repaired and improved during planting, heavy metals are passivated, residual pesticides and antibiotics are adsorbed, and super organic or quasi organic agricultural products are produced (the residual indexes of the heavy metals, the pesticides and the antibiotics are lower than the organic food standards of China, Japan and European Union). In addition, "order agriculture" is carried out, and the planted super organic agricultural products or quasi organic agricultural products are completely sold or developed into sightseeing leisure agriculture and health-care industry before being planted;

the new chemical industry refers to the production of dry ice and compressed natural gas or the production of methanol or hydrogen by the action of natural gas on a catalyst.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration is characterized by comprising the following components: wood vinegar, biogas slurry, composite beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharide, plant enzyme and major, middle and trace elements.

2. The compound mixed novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration according to claim 1, further comprising the following components: biomass charcoal, biogas residues and organic fertilizer.

3. The compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound novel fertilizer is a liquid compound novel fertilizer, which comprises the following components: 0.25-1 wt% of wood vinegar, 98-98.5 wt% of biogas slurry, 0.1-0.3 wt% of composite beneficial microorganisms, 0-0.5 wt% of oligosaccharides, 0-0.5 wt% of plant enzymes and 0-0.5 wt% of major, medium and trace elements.

4. The compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound novel fertilizer is a solid compound novel fertilizer, which comprises the following components: 30-50 wt% of biomass charcoal, 0.05-0.15 wt% of pyroligneous liquor, 25-35 wt% of biogas residue, 0.05-3 wt% of biogas slurry, 24-34 wt% of organic fertilizer, 0.005-1 wt% of composite beneficial microorganism, 0.05-1 wt% of oligosaccharide, 0.05-0.5 wt% of plant enzyme and 0.05-1 wt% of major, medium and trace elements.

5. The compound mixed novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration as claimed in claim 2, wherein the biogas residue and biogas slurry are obtained from anaerobic fermentation process of livestock and poultry manure and organic solid waste; the organic fertilizer is from an aerobic fermentation process of organic solid waste; the biomass charcoal and the pyroligneous liquor are from a gasification and carbonization process of organic solid waste.

6. The preparation method of the compound novel fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises the following steps: weighing predetermined amounts of pyroligneous liquor, biogas slurry, composite beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharide, plant enzymes, major, middle and trace elements and/or biomass charcoal, biogas residues and organic fertilizers, mixing, and blending to prepare the compound novel fertilizer for soil improvement and restoration.

7. A circulation process for soil improvement and restoration and a whole industrial chain of large and medium-sized farms is characterized by comprising the following steps:

carrying out anaerobic fermentation on livestock and poultry manure and organic solid waste of large and medium-sized farms to produce biogas residues, biogas slurry and biogas;

the produced biogas residues, biogas slurry, organic fertilizer, biomass charcoal and wood vinegar are mixed with compound beneficial microorganisms, oligosaccharides, plant enzymes and macro, medium and trace elements to prepare the compound novel fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. The whole industrial chain circulation process for soil improvement and restoration and large and medium-sized farms according to claim 7, wherein the biogas is introduced into a biogas purification and compression device and a dry ice device to prepare dry ice gas fertilizers, compressed natural gas and chemical products.

9. The whole industrial chain circulation process for soil improvement and restoration and large and medium-sized farms according to claim 8, wherein the compound novel fertilizer and dry ice air fertilizer are applied to ecological agriculture and intelligent agriculture.

10. The whole industrial chain circulation process for soil improvement and restoration and large and medium-sized farms according to claim 8, wherein the biomass gas is introduced into a silent container gas generator set to provide power for a biogas purification and compression device and a dry ice device.