CN114450782A - 衬底支撑单元以及使用衬底支撑单元沉积层的设备和方法 - Google Patents

衬底支撑单元以及使用衬底支撑单元沉积层的设备和方法 Download PDF

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CN114450782A
CN114450782A CN202080070732.1A CN202080070732A CN114450782A CN 114450782 A CN114450782 A CN 114450782A CN 202080070732 A CN202080070732 A CN 202080070732A CN 114450782 A CN114450782 A CN 114450782A
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substrate
axis
support unit
drive
substrate support
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F·哈格曼
K·蒙德尔
A·马克
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Evatec AG
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Abstract

一种衬底支撑单元,包括:转台(2),其可围绕第一轴线(A1)旋转并由第一驱动器(22)驱动;多个衬底载体单元(3),其与第一轴线(A1)同心地布置在转台(2)上,每个衬底载体单元包括衬底载体(34),该衬底载体(34)可围绕对应的第二轴线(A2)旋转并且由第二驱动器(31)驱动,其中,所有第二轴线(A2)均平行于第一轴线(A1)。

Description

衬底支撑单元以及使用衬底支撑单元沉积层的设备和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及衬底支撑单元和使用该衬底支撑单元沉积薄膜的设备和方法,并且更具体地,涉及被配置为支撑多个衬底的衬底支撑单元以及用于使用该衬底支撑单元在衬底上沉积薄膜的设备和方法。
背景技术
通常,半导体器件通过各种工艺制造,诸如例如沉积工艺、光刻工艺、蚀刻工艺和清洗工艺。在这些工艺中,执行沉积工艺以在衬底上形成材料层。沉积工艺包括例如物理气相沉积(PVD)工艺、化学气相沉积(CVD)工艺、原子层沉积(ALD)工艺等。
例如,US 2012/0145080公开了一种衬底支撑单元,具有旋转板和可旋转地安装在旋转板上的多个衬底载体,其中单个驱动器驱动旋转板的旋转和衬底载体在旋转板上的旋转。此类概念很复杂,并且因此需要大量维护。由于所有衬底载体彼此刚性耦合,因此调节独立的衬底载体是非常复杂且耗时的,尤其是当只有一个衬底载体需要更换时。
发明内容
因此,在本发明中,要解决的任务是提供一种台架支撑件,该台架支撑件允许易于维护,即衬底载体的更换,并且相对于衬底载体中的每个衬底载体的定位更准确。
该任务通过具有权利要求1的特征的衬底支撑单元来解决。衬底支撑单元、用于使用所述衬底支撑单元在衬底上沉积薄膜的设备和方法的进一步实施例由另外的权利要求的特征限定。
根据本发明的衬底支撑单元包括:转台,其可围绕第一轴线旋转并由第一驱动器驱动;多个衬底载体单元,其与第一轴同心地布置在转台上,每个衬底载体单元包括衬底载体,该衬底载体可围绕对应的第二轴线旋转并且由第二驱动器驱动,其中所有第二轴线平行于第一轴线。
通过此类设计,每个衬底载体可以独立于转台以及彼此独立地定向。此外,一个衬底载体单元的更换很容易,并且不需要将被更换的衬底载体的定向与其它衬底载体的定向同步。因此,减少了更换工作量。待涂覆的衬底可以直接放置在可旋转载体上。也可以将衬底定位在中间载体上,并将中间载体与安装衬底一起放置在可旋转载体上。
在一个实施例中,第二驱动器适用于真空。此类驱动器可以安装在离衬底载体更近很多的地方。通过更短的传输距离,可以提高衬底载体的定位精度。适用于真空的驱动器需要脱气过程,并且需要具有更高耐温性的部件。此外,如果驱动器适用于真空,则不需要从环境到真空的复杂动力传输。
在一个实施例中,第一驱动器和/或第二驱动器是步进电机。可替代地,第一驱动器和/或第二驱动器可以是伺服驱动器。如果需要位置确定,则操作步进电机需要比伺服驱动器更少的电缆。
在一个实施例中,转台包括盘形上台板,其具有用于接收一个衬底载体单元的多个孔,其中所有孔与第一轴线同心地布置在共同直径上。通过此类设计,可以在所有孔中布置衬底载体单元,或者可以通过盖封闭一个或多个孔。这些孔可以均匀地或不均匀地围绕转台的圆周分布。
在一个实施例中,每个衬底载体单元包括壳体,第二驱动器接纳在该壳体中并且每个衬底载体单元用该壳体布置在转台的对应孔中。如果需要更换衬底载体单元,可以很容易地与壳体一起移除,从而减少停机时间。
在一个实施例中,安装法兰沿第二轴线可滑动地布置在第二驱动器的第一轴上,其中第一轴伸出壳体的顶表面。通过安装法兰,可以调节衬底载体的竖直位置。壳体的顶表面垂直于第一轴延伸并且与上台板的顶表面基本上齐平。
在一个实施例中,绝缘体布置在安装法兰和衬底载体之间。绝缘体降低了安装法兰上的热应力,并且从而降低了第二驱动器上的热应力。
在一个实施例中,位置检测系统布置在与第一轴相对的一侧的第二驱动器上。位置标志布置在第二驱动器的第二轴上。第二轴与第一轴共线并在其与第一轴相对的一侧离开第二驱动器。位置标志是盘形的,延伸超过第二驱动器的宽度并且包括至少一个开口,该开口在盘的延伸超过第二驱动器宽度的那部分的圆周的一部分上延伸。反射器布置在与第二驱动器相邻的衬底载体单元的壳体中,反射器布置为基本上垂直于第一轴和对应的第二轴的连接线,平行于第二轴定向并面向位置标志。
在一个实施例中,上护罩围绕衬底载体布置,覆盖转台的顶表面,其中上护罩的顶表面与衬底载体的顶表面基本上齐平。护罩具有轻量化设计,减少转台上的热负荷,并防止转台在操作期间被涂覆。护罩可以很容易地更换,并且可以很容易地在场外进行清洁。
在一个实施例中,下台板布置在第二驱动器下方,在转台的整个圆周上延伸。下台板从与上台板相对的一侧保护衬底载体单元。
在一个实施例中,衬底升降体布置在每个衬底载体处。衬底或与中间载体一起的衬底可以从衬底载体提升和下降到衬底载体。例如,衬底升降体包括销,利用这些销可以直接提升衬底或利用这些销可以提升中间载体。利用独立于其平面度的三个销,衬底或中间载体始终稳定地定位在销上。
在一个实施例中,升降器布置在衬底装载位置处的转台下方。升降器被设计用于接合分配在衬底装载位置中的每个衬底升降体。利用这个,所有的衬底升降体只需要一个升降器,即致动器。可替代地,可以使用装载机器人代替衬底升降体和升降器。装载机器人能够通过执行水平运动和竖直运动将衬底或具有衬底的中间载体传送到可旋转衬底载体。水平运动可以是线性运动和/或枢轴运动。
在一个实施例中,激光传感器布置在衬底装载位置处的转台下方。激光器定位成基本垂直于第一轴和对应的第二轴的连接线并且平行于第二轴定向并且面向位置标志。从激光传感器到连接线的距离与从反射器到连接线的距离相同。通过激光传感器和反射器的该布置,可以实现衬底载体在衬底装载位置中的最高精度位置。然而,也可以实现激光传感器和反射器的其它位置。
在一个实施例中,第二驱动器中的至少两个第二驱动器串联电连接。由此,可以减少所需电缆的数量。较少的电缆是合乎需要的,因为所有电缆都需要从旋转转台引导到固定底座。电缆越少,所需的旋转馈通就越少。
在一个实施例中,衬底支撑单元包括布置在大气和静止位置的控制单元,其中每个系列的第二驱动器借助于真空馈通和旋转馈通连接到控制单元。此类设计在密封性方面的要求低于真空旋转馈通。
在一个实施例中,每个第二驱动器包括温度传感器。每个系列的第二驱动器中的一个第二驱动器的温度传感器连接到控制单元。这样,可以减少需要通过旋转馈通的电缆的数量。例如,如果存在串联电连接的两个、三个、四个或五个第二驱动器,则每个第二驱动器包括温度传感器,但这些温度传感器中只有一个连接到控制单元。
衬底支撑单元的上述实施例的特征可以任意组合使用,除非它们相互矛盾。
根据本发明的用于在衬底上沉积薄膜的设备包括处理室、在处理室的第一侧的至少一个源,以及根据前述实施例之一的衬底支撑单元。衬底支撑单元限定与处理室的第一侧相对的处理室的第二侧。衬底支撑单元可以限定下侧并且源可以布置在上侧,反之亦然。也可能具有这样的布置,其中转台的轴线水平定向,并且因此,衬底支撑单元将限定处理室的一个横向侧并且源将限定相对的横向侧。
在一个实施例中,该设备包括布置在衬底支撑单元的衬底装载位置处的传送模块和布置在衬底支撑单元的相对侧的传送模块处的至少一个装载模块。也可以在衬底支撑单元的相对侧上具有彼此相邻布置的两个或更多个装载模块。在装载模块中,可以布置单个衬底或一批衬底,具有或不具有中间载体。传送模块可将衬底或中间载体连同承载的衬底从至少一个装载模块传送至衬底装载位置或直接传送至处理室。
根据本发明的用于在衬底上沉积薄膜的方法,包括以下步骤:
- 提供根据前述实施例之一的衬底支撑单元;
- 在处理室的第一侧为处理室提供至少一个源,其中,衬底支撑单元限定与处理室的第一侧相对的处理室的第二侧;
- 采用第一驱动器将衬底载体单元中的一个衬底载体单元布置在衬底装载位置中;
- 采用对应的第二驱动器将所述衬底载体单元的衬底载体定向在衬底装载位置中;
- 将衬底装载到所述衬底载体上;
- 在通过至少一个源的影响区域的同时旋转第一驱动器以在装载的衬底上沉积定向的薄膜,或
在通过至少一个源的影响区域的同时旋转第一驱动器和第二驱动器,以在装载的衬底上沉积非定向薄膜。
附图说明
下面结合附图更详细地描述本发明的实施例。这些仅用于说明目的,不应解释为限制。示出
图1是根据本发明的用衬底支撑单元在衬底上沉积薄膜的设备的局部横截面视图;
图2是从图1的转台上方看的透视图;
图3是图1的衬底载体单元的横截面视图;
图4是从图1的设备的装载位置下方看的透视分解图;
图5是图1的衬底支撑单元的示意连接平面图;以及
图6是采用图1的设备在衬底上沉积薄膜的完整系统的俯视透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本发明用衬底支撑单元在衬底上沉积薄膜的设备1的局部横截面视图,并且图2示出图1的转台2的俯视透视图。设备1包括壳体10,该壳体至少在上侧和横向侧上限定处理室。在所示实施例中,转台2至少部分地布置在处理室11中。转台2紧密地布置在壳体10中并且可围绕第一轴线A1旋转。可以在处理室11中实现真空。转台2的台轴21采用密封轴承210安装在壳体10上。转台2进一步包括上台板20和下台板24,其中下台板24连接到台轴21,并且上台板20连接到下台板24。两个台板完全布置在处理室11内。上台板20和下台板24二者都具有圆盘的形状。上台板20搁置在圆形壁240上,该圆形壁240从下台板24的上表面基本上垂直地延伸。密封件241布置在圆形壁的上表面和上台板20的下表面之间。在上台板20上,数个衬底载体单元3分别均匀地围绕其圆周或围绕第一轴线A1布置。每个衬底载体单元3至少包括衬底驱动器31和衬底载体34。衬底载体34布置在衬底驱动器31上并且可围绕第二轴线A2旋转。在与每个衬底载体单元3到第一轴线A1相同的横向距离处,用于涂覆衬底的至少一个源12布置在壳体10上,使得源12的一侧面向衬底载体34。当转台2旋转时,衬底载体单元3可以在源12下方通过。在上台板20的上侧,布置上护罩23,其围绕衬底载体34并完全覆盖上台板20的上表面。由于衬底载体34为圆盘,因此上护罩23中的切口相应地是圆形的。在每个衬底载体盘23的横向侧和对应的切口之间存在小的间隙。每个衬底载体单元3借助于电缆电连接到控制单元7。电缆通过真空馈通26和旋转馈通27,每个衬底载体单元3的真空馈通26布置在圆形壁240中,将处理室11与周围大气隔开。用于所有衬底载体单元3的公共旋转馈通27布置在台轴21的内侧。转台2可以借助于与台轴21接合的台驱动器22旋转。在装载/卸载位置处,布置衬底升降体4和升降器5。衬底升降体4包括布置在共用销座40上的销4。在准确的装载位置中,转台2和衬底载体单元3被布置和定向成使得销40可以通过下台板24、上台板20和衬底载体34中的对应通孔,并将衬底从衬底载体34提升或将衬底下降到衬底载体34上。衬底可以由传送模块提供或由传送模块排出,如图6中所示。为了确定转台2的准确位置,分别确定它的定向,在转台2的圆周处提供了台标志25。在图2的实施例中,台标志25布置在下台板24上,并在下台板24的圆周上朝外侧横向延伸。台标志25包括至少一个狭槽,该狭槽与光学传感器一起允许精确确定转台2的定向。
图3示出图1的衬底载体单元3的横截面视图。衬底载体单元3包括壳体30,衬底驱动器31布置在该壳体30中。壳体30包括法兰,该法兰布置在上台板20中的对应开口200中。法兰的上表面与上台板20的上表面基本上齐平。壳体30以及因此衬底驱动器31的定向使得第二旋转轴线A2垂直于上台板20延伸。衬底驱动器31包括第一轴310,该轴沿着第二轴线A2在壳体30的上表面上方延伸。安装法兰32布置在第一轴31上。安装法兰32呈圆盘状,并且可沿第二轴线A2移动,并可通过固定部件,例如通过固定螺钉固定在第一轴上。盘形绝缘体33布置在安装法兰32上。衬底载体34布置在绝缘体33上。绝缘体33是包括具有低导热率的材料的绝热体,并且因此减少了安装法兰32上的热负荷。在衬底载体34的侧上,存在用于支撑衬底或用于将衬底保持在适当位置的隆起。隆起可以是点状的、线性的或区域的。例如,此类隆起可以是脊。圆周脊可以防止衬底在衬底载体34上的横向运动。衬底驱动器31在其与第一轴310相对的一侧包括第二轴311。第二轴311可围绕第二轴线A2旋转。圆盘状驱动器标志35布置在第二轴311上。驱动器标志35包括至少一个槽,在驱动器标志35的圆周区域的一部分上延伸。在至少一个槽的区域中,反射器36布置在壳体30上,在驱动器标志35面向衬底载体34的一侧。下台板24布置在驱动器标志35下方。在下台板24中形成通孔,与反射器36对齐。每个衬底载体单元3的反射器36布置成使得在垂直于第一轴线A1的平面中,第一轴线A1和第二轴线A2之间的连接线基本上垂直于第二轴线A2和反射器36之间的连接线。
图4示出从图1的设备1的装载位置下方观察的透视分解图。一个衬底载体单元3与衬底升降体4、升降器5和装载位置的位置传感器6对齐。在提升之前,销60的上端位于转台2的下台板24下方。保持所有销40的销保持器41连接到升降器5,在启动时,该升降器5可以在竖直方向中并且朝向衬底载体单元3提升销40。位置传感器6可以发射激光束60,该激光束60在装载位置中可以通过下台板24中的通孔,并且取决于驱动器标志35中的槽的位置,可以到达衬底载体单元3的反射器36。为了在装载位置中对齐特定衬底载体单元3,可以旋转转台2直到特定衬底载体单元3处于装载位置。这可以通过位置传感器连同台标志25或通过台驱动器22的编码器来完成。随后,衬底载体34旋转直到位置传感器6连同驱动器标志36指示衬底载体34的正确定向。之后,可启动衬底升降体4以将衬底装载或卸载到相应的载体34上。
图5示出图1的衬底支撑单元3的示意性连接平面图。在所描绘的实施例中,五个衬底驱动器31被捆绑在一起形成一个单元。每个驱动器31包括第一线圈、第二线圈和集成温度传感器312。每个驱动器通过单独的真空馈通26和公共的旋转馈通27连接到控制单元7。第一线圈连接到输入线3100和输出线3102,并且第二线圈连接到输入线3101和输出线3103。由于驱动器31串联连接,因此后续驱动器的输入线对应于前驱动器的输出线。当电流流动通过线路时,所有驱动器彼此同步旋转。此外,线数减少为两条输入线和两条输出线。温度传感器连接到输入线3120和输出线3121。对于每个单元,一个驱动器31的仅温度传感器312连接到控制单元。因此,对于每个单元,只有与驱动器相关的四根电线和与温度传感器312相关的两根电线需要通过旋转馈通27。
图6示出采用图1的设备1在衬底上沉积薄膜的完整系统的俯视透视图。在设备1的顶侧,几个源12布置在圆周上。在装载位置附近布置传送模块8。传送模块8分别密封地连接到设备1,传送模块8的内部连接到设备1的处理室。传送模块8包括用于将待涂覆的衬底定向成预定义定向的对准器80。在传送模块8附近,在设备1的相对侧,布置装载模块9。装载模块9密封地连接到传送模块8。在所描绘的实施例中,装载模块9包括两个装载站,待涂覆的衬底可以单个或成批在所述装载站处被装载。
参考符号列表
1 设备
10 壳体
11 处理室
12 源
2 转台
20 上台板
200 开口
201 盖
21 台轴
210 轴承
22 台驱动器
23 上护罩
24 下台板
25 台标志
26 真空馈通
27 旋转馈通
3 衬底载体单元
30 壳体
31 衬底驱动器
310 第一轴
311 第二轴
312 温度传感器
3100 第一供应线
3101 第二供应线
3102 第一返回线
3103 第二返回线
3120 供应线
3121 返回线
32 安装法兰
33 绝缘体
34 衬底载体
35 驱动器标志
36 反射器
4 衬底升降体
40销
41销保持器
5 升降器
6 位置传感器
60 激光束
7 控制单元
8 传送模块
80 对准器
9 装载模块
A1第一轴线
A2第二轴线。

Claims (19)

1.一种衬底支撑单元,包括:
转台(2),其是可围绕第一轴线(A1)旋转的并由第一驱动器(22)驱动,
多个衬底载体单元(3),其与所述第一轴线(A1)同心地布置在所述转台(2)上,每个衬底载体单元包括衬底载体(34),所述衬底载体(34)是可围绕对应的第二轴线(A2)旋转的并且由第二驱动器(31)驱动,
其中,所有第二轴线(A2)均平行于所述第一轴线(A1)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,所述第二驱动器(31)适用于真空。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,所述第一驱动器(22)和/或所述第二驱动器(31)是步进电机。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,所述转台(2)包括盘形上台板(20),所述盘形上台板(20)具有用于接纳一个衬底载体单元(3)的多个孔(200),其中,所有孔(200)均与所述第一轴线(A1)同心地布置在共同直径上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,每个衬底载体单元(3)包括壳体(30),其中所述第二驱动器(31)接纳在所述壳体中并且每个衬底载体单元(3)用所述壳体布置在所述转台(2)的对应孔(200)中。
6.根据权利要求5所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,安装法兰(32)沿所述第二轴线(A2)可滑动地布置在所述第二驱动器(31)的第一轴(310)上,其中,所述第一轴(310)伸出所述壳体(30)的顶表面,其中,所述壳体(30)的所述顶表面垂直于所述第一轴(310)延伸并且与所述上台板(20)的顶表面基本上齐平。
7.根据权利要求6所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,绝缘体(33)布置在所述安装法兰(32)和所述衬底载体(34)之间。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,位置检测系统(35;36)布置在与所述第一轴(310)相对的一侧的所述第二驱动器(31)上,其中,位置标志(35)布置在所述第二驱动器(31)的第二轴(311)上,其中,所述第二轴(311)与所述第一轴(310)共线并在其与所述第一轴(310)相对的一侧离开所述第二驱动器(31),其中,所述位置标志(35)是盘形的,延伸超过所述第二驱动器(31)的宽度并且包括至少一个开口,所述开口在所述盘的延伸超过所述第二驱动器(31)的宽度的那部分的圆周的一部分上延伸,以及其中,反射器(36)布置在与所述第二驱动器(31)相邻的所述衬底载体单元(3)的所述壳体(30)中,所述反射器(36)基本上垂直于所述第一轴线(A1)和对应的第二轴线(A2)的连接线布置,平行于所述第二轴线(A2)定向并面向所述位置标志(35)。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,上护罩(23)围绕所述衬底载体(34)布置,覆盖所述转台(2)的顶表面,其中,所述上护罩(23)的顶表面与所述衬底载体(34)的顶表面基本上齐平。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,下台板(24)布置在所述第二驱动器(31)下方,在所述转台(2)的整个圆周上延伸。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,衬底升降器(4)布置在每个衬底载体(34)处。
12.根据权利要求11所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,升降器(5)布置在衬底装载位置处的所述转台(2)下方,所述升降器(5)被设计成能够接合在所述衬底装载位置中分配的每个衬底升降器(4)。
13.根据权利要求8至12中任一项所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,激光传感器(6)布置在所述衬底装载位置处的所述转台(2)下方,基本上垂直于所述第一轴线(A1)和对应的第二轴线(A2)的连接线,并且平行于所述第二轴线(A2)定向并面向所述位置标志(35),其中,从所述激光传感器到所述连接线的距离与从所述反射器(36)到所述连接线的距离相同。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,所述第二驱动器(31)中的至少两个被串联电连接。
15.根据权利要求14所述的衬底支撑单元,包括控制单元(7),所述控制单元(7)布置在大气和静止的地方,其中,每个系列的第二驱动器(31)借助于真空馈通(26)和旋转馈通(27)连接到所述控制单元(7)。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的衬底支撑单元,其中,每个第二驱动器(31)包括温度传感器(312),以及其中,每个系列的第二驱动器(31)中的一个第二驱动器(31)的温度传感器(312)连接到所述控制单元(7)。
17.一种用于在衬底上沉积薄膜的设备(1),包括:
处理室(11),
在所述处理室(11)的第一侧上的至少一个源(12),以及
根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的衬底支撑单元,
其中,所述衬底支撑单元限定了与所述处理室(11)的第一侧相对的所述处理室(11)的第二侧。
18.根据权利要求17所述的设备,包括:
传送模块(8),其布置在所述衬底支撑单元的所述衬底装载位置处,以及
至少一个装载模块(9),其在所述衬底支撑单元的相对侧布置在所述传送模块(8)处。
19.一种在衬底上沉积薄膜的方法,包括以下步骤:
- 提供根据权利要求1至16中的一项所述的衬底支撑单元;
- 在处理室(11)的第一侧为处理室(11)提供至少一个源(12),其中,所述衬底支撑单元限定与所述处理室(11)的第一侧相对的所述处理室(11)的第二侧;
- 采用第一驱动器(22)将衬底载体单元(3)中的一个布置在衬底装载位置中;
- 采用对应的第二驱动器(31)将所述衬底载体单元(3)的衬底载体(34)定向在所述衬底装载位置中;
- 在所述衬底载体(34)上装载衬底;
- 在通过所述至少一个源(12)的影响区域的同时旋转所述第一驱动器(22)以在被装载的衬底上沉积定向的薄膜,或
在通过至少一个源(12)的影响区域的同时旋转第一驱动器(22)和第二驱动器(31),以在被装载的衬底上沉积非定向薄膜。
CN202080070732.1A 2019-10-08 2020-09-08 衬底支撑单元以及使用衬底支撑单元沉积层的设备和方法 Pending CN114450782A (zh)

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