CN114394189B - 一种液压盘式制动器 - Google Patents

一种液压盘式制动器 Download PDF

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CN114394189B
CN114394189B CN202111627811.0A CN202111627811A CN114394189B CN 114394189 B CN114394189 B CN 114394189B CN 202111627811 A CN202111627811 A CN 202111627811A CN 114394189 B CN114394189 B CN 114394189B
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brake
rack
piston
disc
lower pump
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CN114394189A (zh
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张海波
周振宇
徐江涛
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Anhui Oulibao Automobile Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Oulibao Automobile Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62LBRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES
    • B62L1/00Brakes; Arrangements thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62LBRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES
    • B62L1/00Brakes; Arrangements thereof
    • B62L1/005Brakes; Arrangements thereof constructional features of brake elements, e.g. fastening of brake blocks in their holders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62LBRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES
    • B62L3/00Brake-actuating mechanisms; Arrangements thereof
    • B62L3/02Brake-actuating mechanisms; Arrangements thereof for control by a hand lever
    • B62L3/023Brake-actuating mechanisms; Arrangements thereof for control by a hand lever acting on fluid pressure systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62LBRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES
    • B62L3/00Brake-actuating mechanisms; Arrangements thereof
    • B62L3/08Mechanisms specially adapted for braking more than one wheel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/02Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00Parts or details
    • F16D65/14Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0004Parts or details of disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0008Brake supports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0004Parts or details of disc brakes
    • F16D2055/0016Brake calipers
    • F16D2055/002Brake calipers assembled from a plurality of parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/023Pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/04Cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/06Pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/08Seals, e.g. piston seals
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/10Plural pistons interacting by fluid pressure, e.g. hydraulic force amplifiers using different sized pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/22Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting transversely to the axis of rotation
    • F16D2125/24Rack-and-pinion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2131/00Overall arrangement of the actuators or their elements, e.g. modular construction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种液压盘式制动器,包括:前制动手刹、后制动手刹、制动软管、联动软管、前制动盘、后制动盘、前下泵支架、后下泵支架;利用前制动手刹同时控制前下泵支架与后下泵支架,以及利用后制动手刹控制后下泵支架,当车辆进行刹车时,不会仅控制前轮刹车,在控制前轮刹车的同时能够控制后轮同时刹车,提高了刹车的安全性。后下泵支架上设置第一活塞缸与第二活塞缸,两者分别利用联动软管与制动软管连接前制动手刹与后制动手刹,且通过第一齿条、第二齿条以及中间齿轮的传动,使得无论控制前刹还是后刹均能对后轮进行刹车,大大降低翻车隐患。

Description

一种液压盘式制动器
技术领域
本发明涉及液压制动器技术领域,具体涉及一种液压盘式制动器。
背景技术
盘式制动器摩擦副中的旋转元件是以端面工作的金属圆盘,称为制动盘。摩擦元件从两侧夹紧制动盘而产生制动。固定元件则有多种结构形式,大体上可将盘式制动器分为钳盘式和全盘式两类。液压制动器是利用液压进行控制制动器摩擦元件进行移位夹紧制动盘的。
制动器在运用至两轮车上时,需要在前轮以及后轮上分别安装一个制动器,利用两个手刹控制两个制动器工作,车辆在快速行驶时,若仅控制前轮制动器刹车,这种控制方式容易造成车辆翻车,不利于车辆行驶。
发明内容
本发明所要克服的是两轮车用液压制动器,单控前轮刹车的方式容易造成车辆翻车,存在安全隐患的问题,目的是提供一种液压盘式制动器。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现:
一种液压盘式制动器,包括:
前制动手刹、后制动手刹、制动软管、联动软管、前制动盘、后制动盘、前下泵支架、后下泵支架;
所述后制动盘安装在前下泵支架上,所述后制动盘安装在后制动支架上,所述前制动手刹与后制动手刹上分别安装有上泵,所述后制动手刹上的上泵通过制动软管连接后下泵支架,所述前制动手刹上的上泵通过联动软管连接前下泵支架与后下泵支架;
所述后下泵支架包括刹车钳、第一液压缸、第二液压缸、第一活塞、第二活塞、第一齿条、第二齿条、中间齿轮,所述中间齿轮安装在刹车钳上,所述第一齿条与第二齿条均滑动安装在刹车钳上,所述第一齿条与第二齿条上分别安装有摩擦板,所述第一齿条与第二齿条均啮合中间齿轮,所述第一液压缸与第二液压缸分别安装在刹车钳上的两个钳上,所述第一活塞位于第一液压缸中,所述第二活塞位于第二液压缸中,所述第一液压缸连接联动软管,第二液压缸连接制动软管,所述第一活塞与第二活塞上分别固定有安装板,所述安装板上设有穿孔,所述第一齿条滑动穿过第一活塞上安装板上的穿孔,所述第二齿条滑动穿过第二活塞上安装板上的穿孔,所述第一齿条与第二齿条上分别设有限位推块,所述第一齿条远离第一活塞一端与刹车钳之间设有第一挤压弹簧,所述第二齿条远离第二活塞一端与刹车钳之间设有第二挤压弹簧。
进一步的,所述第一齿条平行于第二齿条。
进一步的,所述第一活塞上的安装板平行于第二活塞上的安装板,所述前制动盘位于两个摩擦板之间。
进一步的,所述前下泵支架包括钳架、油缸、密封塞,所述油缸设置在钳架上,所述密封塞安装在油缸中,所述油缸与制动软管连接,所述密封塞上安装有摩擦板。
进一步的,所述油缸设置有两个,且两个油缸独立安装密封塞,每个密封塞上独立固定摩擦板,所述后制动盘位于两个油缸之间。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明结构简单,利用前制动手刹同时控制前下泵支架与后下泵支架,以及利用后制动手刹控制后下泵支架,当车辆进行刹车时,不会仅控制前轮刹车,在控制前轮刹车的同时能够控制后轮同时刹车,提高了刹车的安全性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构图;
图2为本发明的后下泵支架结构图;
图3为本发明的第一齿条、第二齿条安装示意图;
图4为本发明的前下泵支架结构图;
图中:1、前制动手刹;2、后制动手刹;3、制动软管;4、联动软管;5、前制动盘;6、后制动盘;7、前下泵支架;8、后下泵支架;12、上泵;21、刹车钳;22、第一液压缸;23、第二液压缸;24、第一活塞;25、第二活塞;26、第一齿条;27、第二齿条;28、中间齿轮;29、摩擦板;30、安装板;31、穿孔;32、限位推块;33、第一挤压弹簧;34、第二挤压弹簧;41、钳架;42、油缸;43、密封塞。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体图示,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
如图1-3所示,一种液压盘式制动器,包括:
前制动手刹1、后制动手刹2、制动软管3、联动软管4、前制动盘5、后制动盘6、前下泵支架7、后下泵支架8;
后制动盘6安装在前下泵支架7上,后制动盘6安装在后制动支架上,前制动手刹1与后制动手刹2上分别安装有上泵12,后制动手刹2上的上泵12通过制动软管3连接后下泵支架8,前制动手刹1上的上泵12通过联动软管4连接前下泵支架7与后下泵支架8;
后下泵支架8包括刹车钳21、第一液压缸22、第二液压缸23、第一活塞24、第二活塞25、第一齿条26、第二齿条27、中间齿轮28,中间齿轮28安装在刹车钳21上,第一齿条26与第二齿条27均滑动安装在刹车钳21上,第一齿条26与第二齿条27上分别安装有摩擦板29,第一齿条26与第二齿条27均啮合中间齿轮28,第一液压缸22与第二液压缸23分别安装在刹车钳21上的两个钳上,第一活塞24位于第一液压缸22中,第二活塞25位于第二液压缸23中,第一液压缸22连接联动软管4,第二液压缸23连接制动软管3,第一活塞24与第二活塞25上分别固定有安装板30,安装板30上设有穿孔31,第一齿条26滑动穿过第一活塞24上安装板30上的穿孔31,第二齿条27滑动穿过第二活塞25上安装板30上的穿孔31,第一齿条26与第二齿条27上分别设有限位推块32,第一齿条26远离第一活塞24一端与刹车钳21之间设有第一挤压弹簧33,第二齿条27远离第二活塞25一端与刹车钳21之间设有第二挤压弹簧34。
利用前制动手刹1同时控制前下泵支架7与后下泵支架8,以及利用后制动手刹2控制后下泵支架8,当车辆进行刹车时,不会仅控制前轮刹车,在控制前轮刹车的同时能够控制后轮同时刹车,提高了刹车的安全性,后下泵支架8上设置第一活塞24缸与第二活塞25缸,两者分别利用联动软管4与制动软管3连接前制动手刹1与后制动手刹2,且通过第一齿条26、第二齿条27以及中间齿轮28的传动,使得无论控制前刹还是后刹均能对后轮进行刹车,大大降低翻车隐患,再者第一活塞24缸与第二活塞25缸油路分离,在其中一个刹车油路损坏时,另一个刹车油路同样能够起到刹车的作用,大大提高了刹车的安全性能。
一种液压盘式制动器,工作原理:
当利用后制动手刹2进行刹车时,后制动手刹2上的上泵12注压经制动软管3进而控制后下泵支架8上的第二液压缸23中的第二活塞25移动,第二活塞25移动时推动第二齿条27上的限位推块32移动,进而带动第二齿条27移动,第二齿条27移动时,经中间齿轮28传动,使得第一齿条26与第一齿条26同时移动,第一齿条26与第二齿条27移动时,其上的两个摩擦板29能够对后制动盘6进行压合,而当控制前制动手刹1进行刹车时,前制动手刹1时,前制动手刹1上的上泵12注压,经联动软管4传输使得前下泵支架7与后下泵支架8同时带压,进而避免仅前轮刹车,防止车辆翻车。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上,如图1-4所示,第一齿条26平行于第二齿条27。
第一活塞24上的安装板30平行于第二活塞25上的安装板30,前制动盘5位于两个摩擦板29之间。
前下泵支架7包括钳架41、油缸42、密封塞43,油缸42设置在钳架41上,密封塞43安装在油缸42中,油缸42与制动软管3连接,密封塞43上安装有摩擦板29。
油缸42设置有两个,且两个油缸42独立安装密封塞43,每个密封塞43上独立固定摩擦板29,后制动盘6位于两个油缸42之间。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (5)

1.一种液压盘式制动器,其特征在于,包括:
前制动手刹、后制动手刹、制动软管、联动软管、前制动盘、后制动盘、前下泵支架、后下泵支架;
所述前制动盘安装在前下泵支架上,所述后制动盘安装在后制动支架上,所述前制动手刹与后制动手刹上分别安装有上泵,所述后制动手刹上的上泵通过制动软管连接后下泵支架,所述前制动手刹上的上泵通过联动软管连接前下泵支架与后下泵支架;
所述后下泵支架包括刹车钳、第一液压缸、第二液压缸、第一活塞、第二活塞、第一齿条、第二齿条、中间齿轮,所述中间齿轮安装在刹车钳上,所述第一齿条与第二齿条均滑动安装在刹车钳上,所述第一齿条与第二齿条上分别安装有摩擦板,所述第一齿条与第二齿条均啮合中间齿轮,所述第一液压缸与第二液压缸分别安装在刹车钳上的两个钳上,所述第一活塞位于第一液压缸中,所述第二活塞位于第二液压缸中,所述第一液压缸连接联动软管,第二液压缸连接制动软管,所述第一活塞与第二活塞上分别固定有安装板,所述安装板上设有穿孔,所述第一齿条滑动穿过第一活塞上安装板上的穿孔,所述第二齿条滑动穿过第二活塞上安装板上的穿孔,所述第一齿条与第二齿条上分别设有限位推块,所述第一齿条远离第一活塞一端与刹车钳之间设有第一挤压弹簧,所述第二齿条远离第二活塞一端与刹车钳之间设有第二挤压弹簧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种液压盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述第一齿条平行于第二齿条。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种液压盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述第一活塞上的安装板平行于第二活塞上的安装板,所述前制动盘位于两个摩擦板之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种液压盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述前下泵支架包括钳架、油缸、密封塞,所述油缸设置在钳架上,所述密封塞安装在油缸中,所述油缸与制动软管连接,所述密封塞上安装有摩擦板。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种液压盘式制动器,其特征在于,所述油缸设置有两个,且两个油缸独立安装密封塞,每个密封塞上独立固定摩擦板,所述后制动盘位于两个油缸之间。
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