CN114390969A - 用于生产聚集或可聚集材料的设备和方法 - Google Patents

用于生产聚集或可聚集材料的设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114390969A
CN114390969A CN202080059701.6A CN202080059701A CN114390969A CN 114390969 A CN114390969 A CN 114390969A CN 202080059701 A CN202080059701 A CN 202080059701A CN 114390969 A CN114390969 A CN 114390969A
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China
Prior art keywords
wire
sealing surface
groove
sonotrode
web portions
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D·威勒
R·罗塞尔加西亚
T·津克
M·帕斯特纳克
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Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/22—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a sinusoidal wave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/223—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a triangle wave or of a sawtooth wave, e.g. zigzagged
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    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
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    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/433—Casing-in, i.e. enclosing an element between two sheets by an outlined seam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
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    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B29C66/81435—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned comprising several parallel ridges, e.g. for crimping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83415—Roller, cylinder or drum types the contact angle between said rollers, cylinders or drums and said parts to be joined being a non-zero angle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B37/04—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
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    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于生产聚集材料的设备，其中，该材料包括两个材料腹板部分和定位在材料腹板部分之间的线材，并且两个材料腹板部分在两个连接表面处彼此连接，其中，线材设置在两个连接表面之间，使得线材连接到材料腹板部分，其中，该设备包括具有第一密封表面的超声焊极和具有第二密封表面的配对工具，其中，配对工具是具有侧向表面和圆柱轴线的圆柱体，并且第二密封表面设置在侧向表面上，其中，超声焊极和配对工具相对于彼此设置在处理位置中，使得材料腹板部分和线材能够在与配对工具的侧向表面相切的馈送方向上引导通过由第一密封表面和第二密封表面形成的间隙。为了克服或至少减轻上述缺点，本发明提出，超声焊极包括用于接纳线材的凹槽，凹槽在馈送方向上取向并在整个第一密封表面上延伸。

Description

用于生产聚集或可聚集材料的设备和方法
背景技术
本发明涉及一种用于生产聚集或可聚集材料的设备和方法。聚集或可聚集材料包括至少两个材料腹板部分以及定位在材料腹板部分之间的至少一根线材(thread)。两个材料腹板部分在至少两个连接表面处相互连接，并且线材设置在两个材料腹板部分之间和两个连接表面之间，结果是线材固定在材料腹板部分之间，使得在第一方向和垂直于第一方向取向的第二方向上，存在线材和材料腹板部分之间的形状锁定连接(form-lockingconnectoin)。
可以在第三方向上提供线材与材料腹板部分之间的相对移动性，该第三方向垂直于第一方向和第二方向取向。
两个材料腹板部分可通过经由连接表面连接的两个材料腹板实现。还可以折叠材料腹板，使得该材料腹板的第一材料腹板部分与第二材料腹板部分相对搁置，并且线材设置在第一材料腹板部分和第二材料腹板部分之间。
设备还包括具有第一密封表面的超声焊极和具有第二密封表面的配对工具。将超声焊极设计成通过超声振动激励，使得通过超声振动来振动的第一密封表面和材料腹板之间的接触导致焊接过程，并且通过将材料腹板部分焊接在一起形成连接表面。
配对工具是具有侧向表面和第一圆柱轴线的圆柱体。第二密封表面设置在侧向表面上，并且配对工具能够围绕圆柱轴线旋转，其中，超声焊极和配对工具相对于彼此设置在处理位置中，使得材料腹板部分和线材能够在与配对工具的侧向表面相切的馈送方向上引导通过由第一密封表面和第二密封表面形成的间隙。材料腹板部分的移动通常以与配对工具的侧向表面的旋转速度对应的速度发生。设置在材料腹板部分之间的至少一根线材在连接表面的生成期间被频繁地置于拉伸应力之下，从而减小了其外周缘并增加了其长度。一旦拉伸应力在连接表面生成后释放，外周缘就再次扩张。
这种工具例如从US 10,259,165 B2已知。
在这种情况下，复杂的结构化辊用作配对工具。在该配对工具的侧向表面上存在肋，其表面又包括槽口，槽口横向于所述肋的取向设置。对于该工具，将线材拧入设备中涉及相当大的努力。雕刻的配对工具的生产也非常复杂。当用不同材料的线材代替该线材或用相同材料但粗细不同的线材代替该线材时，当更换用于材料腹板和线材的材料的组合时，并且当处理期间改变将线材保持在工具中的张力时，必须更换复杂雕刻的配对工具辊。
发明内容
基于所描述的现有技术，因此本发明的目的是克服或至少减轻所描述的缺点。
根据本发明，实现了该目的，因为超声焊极包括用于至少部分地接纳至少一根线材的至少一个凹槽，该凹槽在馈送方向上取向并且较佳地在整个第一密封表面上延伸。为了允许线材在相对于材料腹板部分的方向上移动，有必要使线材不焊接到所述材料腹板部分。因此，线材被在凹槽内引导，而界定凹槽的密封表面部分产生连接表面，其中，在第一密封表面和第二密封表面之间引导和处理材料腹板部分。材料腹板部分同样部分地定位在凹槽中。
即使线材仅部分地接纳在凹槽中也已经实现了优点，然而，较佳地是，线材在超声处理期间完全接纳在凹槽中。
在另一较佳的实施例中，规定超声焊极包括用于至少部分地接纳至少一根线材的在馈送方向上取向的多个凹槽，其中，凹槽较佳地具有在0.1到100mm之间的间距，并且特别较佳地彼此间隔开0.5mm到2.5mm之间的间距。在较佳实施例中，设置多于15个或甚至多于50个凹槽。
也可以使用非常细的线材。如果超声焊极也旨在适用于生产具有非常细的线材的聚集材料，凹槽之间的间距甚至可以选择得更小。例如，该间距可以小于0.2mm，并且最佳地在0.01mm到0.15mm之间。
已经示出，当多根线材以所描述的方式连接到材料腹板部分时，聚集材料更易于聚集。因此，超声焊极包括多个凹槽，其中每个凹槽设置成在处理期间接纳至少一根线材。线材不应间隔开太远。还可以设置比被处理的线材显著更多的凹槽。
在另一较佳实施例中，规定至少一个凹槽具有的深度在0.02到1mm之间。凹槽的深度必须定尺寸为使得所使用的线材至少部分地接合在凹槽中。为了减小线材直径，可能需要在处理期间向线材施加拉伸应力。已经发现，在一些情况下，所提及的凹槽深度实现最佳结果。
在另一较佳实施例中，规定至少一个凹槽具有的宽度在0.02到1mm之间。
在另一较佳实施例中，相邻凹槽之间的间距小于凹槽的宽度。
另外有利的是，至少一个凹槽具有半圆形横截面、U形横截面或V形横截面。
在U形横截面的情况下，如果凹槽的侧翼向外倾斜则是有利的。在0°到30°之间或更好地在0°到20°之间的侧翼角是特别较佳的。
在另一较佳实施例中，规定第一密封表面基本上是平坦的。例如，可以使用固定的超声焊极，其远离第二密封表面移动，用于引导材料腹板部分和线材，如果需要的话。
然而，第一密封表面也能够包括基本上是平坦的焊接区段，以及邻近焊接区段设置的入口区段，其中，入口区段是凸形弯曲的，其中，凸形弯曲的入口区段的曲率半径较佳地大于1mm，特别较佳地大于5mm，并且最佳地在6mm到15mm之间。凹槽可同时设置在焊接区段和入口区段中。在这种情况下，至少一根线材应该被馈送为使得它同时搁置抵靠入口区段和焊接区段。这允许至少一根线材牢固地保持在凹槽中，而没有线材在处理期间离开凹槽的风险。
超声焊极也可以替代地是具有侧向表面和第二圆柱轴线的圆柱体，其中，第一密封表面设置在侧向表面上并且围绕第二圆柱轴线可旋转，其中，至少一个凹槽较佳地以圆形方式围绕超声焊极的侧向表面延伸。
换言之，在该实施例中，超声焊极和配对工具都是辊形的并且在彼此上滚动，其中，材料腹板部分和至少一根线材在两个侧向表面之间引导。
在另一较佳实施例中，规定配对工具包括至少一个肋，其具有不在周向方向上取向的至少一个部分。
肋用于生成连接部分。肋产生焊缝，焊缝在凹槽位于超声焊极上的位置被中断，因为在该位置处不会向材料腹板部分传递焊接力。
例如，肋可以是锯齿形或波浪形的。
至少一个肋还可以是线形的，肋由此不必平行于第一圆柱轴线取向。
肋的特殊形状产生更好的力分布。
在另一较佳实施例中，规定第二密封表面不包括用于部分地接纳至少一根线材的凹槽，以便确保线材完全接纳在第一密封表面的凹槽中。
在替代实施例中，规定第二密封表面包括至少一个凹槽，至少一个凹槽在馈送方向上取向，并且较佳地完全环绕第二工具的侧向表面，用于部分地接纳至少一根线材，其中，在处理位置中，第一密封表面中的至少一个凹槽与第二密封表面中的至少一个凹槽相对设置，使得至少一根线材能够同时接纳在第一密封表面中的至少一个凹槽中和第二密封表面中的至少一个凹槽中。
这些措施还允许材料腹板部分连接到具有较大直径的线材。
在特别较佳的实施例中，超声焊极至少部分地包括涂层，并且至少一个凹槽设置在涂层中。涂层可例如包括硬质金属，并且特别较佳地包括碳化钨。由于凹槽设置在涂层中，因此当由至少一根线材引起的超声焊极的磨损超出可接受水平时，能仅更换涂层，而超声焊极本身能够被进一步使用。如果凹槽的布置和几何形状出于任何原因需要更换，这同样适用。至少一个凹槽可例如通过侵蚀或研磨引入到涂层中。
本发明还涉及一种用于制造聚集或可聚集材料的方法，其中，该材料包括两个材料腹板部分和至少一根线材，其中，材料腹板部分在至少两个连接表面处彼此连接，并且线材定位在材料腹板部分之间和连接表面之间，使得在第一方向和第二方向上在线材和材料腹板部分之间存在形状锁定连接，其中，第一方向和第二方向彼此垂直取向。
根据本发明，现在规定，使用以上提到的类型的设备，并且两个材料腹板部分与至少一根线材一起在馈送方向上引导通过间隙，而超声焊极被设置处于超声振动，线材由此被引导通过至少一个凹槽。
可以使用弹性线材。然后在处理期间将至少一根弹性线材置于拉伸应力下。因此，未加载的弹性线材的直径可以大于凹槽的直径。将弹性线材置于拉伸应力下将弹性线材的直径减小到线材配合到所提供的凹槽中的程度。在处理后，可再次释放拉伸应力，使线材直径再次增大，其结果是将线材夹在材料腹板部分之间。尽管仍可能使材料腹板部分相对于线材移动，然而有必要克服相应的摩擦力，并且可能将线材置于拉伸应力下，使得在材料的正常使用期间几乎不存在线材和材料腹板之间的相对运动。
还能够使用包括的凹槽的数量大于定位在材料腹板部分之间和连接表面之间的线材的数量的超声焊极。然后也不能清楚地预先确定哪根线材被接纳在哪个凹槽中。相反，每根线材本身被放置在最靠近其位置的凹槽中。
附图说明
从以下对较佳实施例和相关附图的描述中，其它优点、选项和可能的应用将变得清楚。
附图示出了：
图1根据本发明的设备的第一实施例的侧视图，
图2图1的实施例的超声焊极的第一密封表面的平面图，
图3图1的超声焊极的立体图，
图4是图1的实施例的配对工具的立体图，
图5a-5c不同实施例的凹槽轮廓的局部剖视图，
图6a-8a不同实施例的肋布置的示意图，
图6b-8b当使用图6a-8a的肋布置时连接表面的布置的示意图，
图9根据本发明的超声焊极的第二实施例的立体图，
图9a图9的放大的细节，
图10图9的超声焊极的侧视图，
图11图9的超声焊极的密封表面的平面图的局部视图，以及
图12穿过图9的超声焊极的密封表面的局部剖视图。
具体实施方式
设备1包括超声焊极5和配对工具9。配对工具9是圆柱形的，并且能够围绕圆柱轴线旋转，使得圆柱辊9的侧向表面能够在方向u上旋转。
配对工具在其侧表面上具有密封表面。超声焊极5同样具有密封表面，密封表面设置成使得超声焊极5的第一密封表面面对配对工具9的第二密封表面。两个密封表面之间留有间隙，两个材料腹板部分3、4通过该间隙，并且设置在两个材料腹板部分3、4之间的线材或一组线材2在馈送方向v上移动。由于超声焊极5经受超声振动，因此焊接过程在超声焊极5和配对工具9之间的间隙中发生，并且两个材料腹板部分3、4被焊接在一起。
超声焊极5具有支架6，支架6的目的是尽可能地以振动分离的方式保持超声焊极。
图2示出了超声焊极5的第一密封表面7的平面图。能够看出，密封表面7基本上是平坦的和矩形的。然而，这并不一定必须如此。在密封表面7中引入了一系列凹槽8。这些凹槽设置成使得它们在馈送方向v的方向上取向。
图3示出了具有密封表面7的超声焊极5的立体图。能够看见V形的凹槽8，其被引入到密封表面7中。
凹槽8的尺寸设计成使得线材2能够至少部分地接纳在凹槽8中。由于发生在两个密封表面之间的焊接过程取决于在密封表面和材料腹板之间的相应的接触，因此在凹槽8的区域中无需焊接。结果，在材料腹板部分之间的一根或多根线材2能够在纵向方向上、即在其中凹槽8相对于材料腹板部分取向的方向上移动，以便聚集由两个材料腹板部分形成的材料。
在相邻的凹槽8之间生成岛部7'，使得超声焊极5的第一密封表面7由多个相邻的岛部7'组成。每个岛部7'在焊接过程期间当其遇到配对工具的密封表面上的对应的配对元件时，产生两个材料腹板部分之间的连接表面。
图4示出了配对工具9的立体局部视图。配对工具9是辊形的，即它具有圆柱形的侧向表面。该侧向表面形成第二密封表面10。多个条杆11设置在第二密封表面10上，这些条杆11在密封表面10的整个宽度上横向于密封表面10的周向方向延伸。这些条杆11用作岛部7'的配对元件。
条杆11以与圆柱轴线成小角度设置。因此，通过超声焊极5施加到材料腹板部分3、4的力更加均匀。
每当岛部7'进入与肋11或肋11的截面相对的位置中时，就发生两个材料腹板部分3、4的焊接。岛部7'与肋11之间的剩余空间较小，使得作为超声焊极5的超声振动的结果，两个材料腹板部分3、4压靠彼此并且焊接在一起。
图5a至图5c示出了超声焊极的三个不同实施例。每个附图仅示出了局部剖视图，其中示出了凹槽8、8'、8”的形状。在图5a中可以看到V形的凹槽8。然而，如图5b所示，凹槽8、8'、8”也可以是U形的。该U形已经标记有附图标记8'。该U形由U形基部和两个U形侧翼构成，U形侧翼不与U形基部成直角设置，而是以在0°到30°之间的侧翼角向外倾斜，以便于线材2的接收。
替代地，如图5c所示，该凹槽也可以构造成半圆形或半椭圆形凹槽8”。
图6a以部分横截面示意性地示出了具有凹槽8'的超声焊极5。配对工具9与超声焊极5相对。设置在配对工具9上的肋在图6a中示出为锯齿形肋11'。每当位于凹槽8'之间的超声焊极5的岛部7'在与肋11'相对的位置时，两个材料腹板部分3、4就焊接在一起。相应的焊接结果在图6b中示出。相应的连接表面12遵循肋11'的轮廓，然而，每当超声焊极具有相应的凹槽8'时，该连接表面12就被中断。
中断部的目的是接纳线材2。
图7a示出了肋在配对工具9上的另一替代布置。肋11”在此平行于圆柱轴线，使得导致图7b中所示的连接表面12的布置。
最后，图8a示出了肋11”'的另一构造，肋11”'在此是波浪形的。这具有的结果是，如图8b所示，相应的连接表面12也遵循波浪结构。超声焊极5和配对工具9都能够以简单的方式生产。
图9-12示出了本发明的第二实施例的视图。
图9示出了超声焊极13的立体图。超声焊极13具有楔形端部，楔形端部在密封表面14的方向上渐缩。与图3所示的第一实施例相反，密封表面14在此包括更多的凹槽16，如在图9a的放大细节中特别可见的。凹槽的数量很大，使得不是每个凹槽接纳到线材。因此，该超声焊极还能够用于生产具有不同线材间距的不同线材数量的材料。
图10示出了该超声焊极13的侧视图。密封表面14具有几乎半圆形的横截面。然而，实际上，如在图11的详细平面图中可见的，密封表面14包括平坦的焊接区段15。该焊接区段15被入口区段17和出口区段18邻接，它们是凸形弯曲的，特别地具有7.5mm的曲率半径。
多个凹槽彼此平行布置在密封表面14中。凹槽横截面在图12中示出。凹槽本身为U形的，从而相邻凹槽的侧翼包括14°的侧翼角α。相邻凹槽之间的间距a小于凹槽的宽度b。凹槽在焊接区段15上方延伸，并且进入入口区段17和出口区段18中。由于入口区段17和出口区段18的凸曲率，随着凹槽更远离焊接区段，入口区段17和出口区段中的凹槽深度逐渐降低。
附图标记列表
1 设备
2 线材
3 材料腹板部分
4 材料腹板部分
5 超声焊极
6 支架
7 第一密封表面
7' 岛部
8、8'、8” 凹槽
9 配对工具
10 第二密封表面
11、11'、11”、11”' 条杆/肋
12 连接表面
13 超声焊极
14 第一密封表面
15 密封区段
16 凹槽
17 入口区段
18 出口区段。

Claims (15)

1.用于生产聚集或可聚集材料的设备，其中，所述材料包括至少两个材料腹板部分和至少一根线材，所述至少一根线材定位在所述材料腹板部分之间，
其中，所述两个材料腹板部分在至少两个连接表面处彼此连接，其中，所述线材设置在所述两个连接表面之间，使得所述线材连接到所述材料腹板部分，从而在第一方向和第二方向上在所述线材和所述材料腹板部分之间存在形状锁定连接，其中，这两个方向彼此垂直地取向，
其中，所述设备包括具有第一密封表面的超声焊极和具有第二密封表面的配对工具，
其中，所述配对工具是具有侧向表面和第一圆柱轴线的圆柱体，所述第二密封表面设置在所述侧向表面上并且围绕所述圆柱轴线可旋转，其中，所述超声焊极和所述配对工具相对于彼此设置在处理位置中，使得所述材料腹板部分和所述线材能够在与所述配对工具的所述侧向表面相切的馈送方向上引导通过由所述第一密封表面和所述第二密封表面形成的间隙，
其特征在于，
所述超声焊极包括至少一个凹槽，所述至少一个凹槽在馈送方向上取向并且较佳地在整个第一密封表面上延伸，用于至少部分地接纳所述至少一根线材。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述超声焊极包括在所述馈送方向上取向的多个凹槽，具体较佳地多于15个凹槽，并且特别较佳地多于50个凹槽，用于至少部分地接纳所述至少一根线材，其中，所述凹槽较佳地彼此间隔开小于0.2mm，并且最佳地在0.01mm到0.15mm之间。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个凹槽具有的深度在0.02到1mm之间，并且较佳地在0.1到0.5mm之间。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个凹槽具有的宽度在0.02到1mm之间，并且较佳地在0.1到0.4mm之间，其中，相邻凹槽之间的间距较佳地小于所述凹槽的宽度。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个凹槽具有半圆形横截面、U形横截面、或V形横截面。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第一密封表面包括基本上平坦的焊接区段和邻近所述焊接区段设置的入口区段，其中，所述入口区段是凸形弯曲的，其中，所述凸形弯曲的入口区段的曲率半径较佳地大于1mm，特别较佳地大于5mm，并且最佳地在6mm到15mm之间。
7.根据权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，所述凹槽设置在所述焊接区段和所述入口区段两者中。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述配对工具包括至少一个肋，所述至少一个肋具有不在周向方向上取向的至少一个区段，其中，所述至少一个肋较佳地在所述第二密封表面的整个宽度上延伸。
9.根据权利要求8所述的设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个肋成形为锯齿形或波浪形或线形的，使得所述肋不平行于所述第一圆柱轴线取向。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第二密封表面不包括用于部分地接纳所述至少一根线材的凹槽。
11.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第二密封表面包括至少一个凹槽，所述至少一个凹槽在馈送方向上取向，并且较佳地完全环绕第二工具的侧向表面，用于部分地接纳所述至少一根线材，其中，在处理位置中，所述第一密封表面中的所述至少一个凹槽与所述第二密封表面中的所述至少一个凹槽相对设置，使得所述至少一根线材能够同时接纳在所述第一密封表面中的所述至少一个凹槽中和所述第二密封表面中的所述至少一个凹槽中。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述超声焊极至少部分地包括涂层，并且所述至少一个凹槽设置在所述涂层中，其中，所述涂层较佳地包括硬质金属，并且特别较佳地包括碳化钨。
13.用于生产聚集或可聚集材料的方法，其中，所述材料包括两个材料腹板部分和至少一根线材，其中，所述材料腹板部分在至少两个连接表面处彼此连接，并且所述线材定位在所述材料腹板部分之间和所述连接表面之间，使得在第一方向和第二方向上在所述线材和所述材料腹板部分之间存在形状锁定连接，而在第三方向上在所述线材和所述材料腹板之间的相对移动是可能的，其中，所有三个方向彼此垂直地取向，
其特征在于，
使用根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的设备，并且所述两个材料腹板部分与所述至少一根线材一起在馈送方向上引导通过所述间隙，而所述超声焊极被设置处于超声振动，其中，所述线材被引导通过所述至少一个凹槽。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，使用至少一根弹性线材，在处理期间将所述至少一根弹性线材置于拉伸应力下。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，使用包括的凹槽的数量大于定位在所述材料腹板部分之间和所述连接表面之间的线材的数量的超声焊极。
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