CN114365660A - Preparation method of second-level branch strain of shiitake mushrooms - Google Patents
Preparation method of second-level branch strain of shiitake mushrooms Download PDFInfo
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- CN114365660A CN114365660A CN202210116086.9A CN202210116086A CN114365660A CN 114365660 A CN114365660 A CN 114365660A CN 202210116086 A CN202210116086 A CN 202210116086A CN 114365660 A CN114365660 A CN 114365660A
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- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000001715 Lentinula edodes Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation method of a second-level branch strain of shiitake mushrooms comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating branches; (2) adding and stirring materials: adding a stirring material into the boiled dry branches, so that each dry branch is uniformly stained with the stirring material; the mixing material is formed by mixing bran, corn flour and gypsum, wherein the weight percentage of the dry branches to the mixing material is 76-78% of the dry branches, 16-18% of the bran, 3-5% of the corn flour and 1-3% of the gypsum; (3) bagging; (4) sterilizing; (5) and inoculation: and (4) pulling out the plastic stick, and putting the agar blocks fully covered with the mushroom mother seeds into the branch bags with the plastic sticks pulled out, so as to obtain the second-grade branch strains of the mushrooms. The method is simple, convenient to operate, uniform in branch and mixed material, uniform in later-period spawn running, short in material eating distance and spawn running time, the bag can be filled in 15-20 days, and remarkable social and economic benefits are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shiitake mushroom cultivation, in particular to a preparation method of a shiitake mushroom secondary branch strain.
Background
At present, the second-level strains are mostly fine wood chip material strains in the mushroom planting industry, the growth time is mostly 25-30 days, the second-level strains are relatively long in fungus age and poor in consistency, the liquid strains cannot be normally applied to mushroom strain production on a large scale at present, the growth cycle of the second-level wood chip strains in the process of expanding and grafting the second-level wood chip strains to the third-level strains is relatively long, mostly 25-35 days, and the inoculation operation is relatively complicated.
In the method for preparing and culturing the seafood mushroom branch strain of the patent CN 105237139A, branches are neatly put into 500ml or 750ml glass bottles, the operation is troublesome, the branches are sterilized for 15 hours under the air pressure of 15 kilograms per square centimeter, the principle of the sterilization mode is wrong, the pressure is 10 times of normal pressure, the branches are placed into a large pot with dissolved nutrient solution for soaking, the summer is 8 hours, the winter is 12 hours, the mixed bacteria are easily bred after the soaking time is long, in the process for preparing the edible mushroom long-branch strain carried in the bag of the patent CN 1235755A, the method is from primary mother strains to secondary mother strains to liquid strains to original strains to cultivated strains to cultivation bags, the preparation steps are multiple, and the operation is inconvenient, so how to improve the method for preparing the second mushroom strain is the technical problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a second-stage branch strain of mushroom, which can effectively solve the problems that the second-stage strain of mushroom is long in age and inconsistent in age, and the operation of grafting to a third-stage strain is relatively complicated.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of a second-level branch strain of shiitake mushrooms, which comprises the following steps:
(1) and branch pretreatment: bundling 80-120 dry branches into a bundle, weighing, putting into brown sugar water with the mass concentration of 1%, boiling the brown sugar water with the mass concentration 5-10 cm higher than the branches, and boiling the water for 28-35 min;
(2) adding and stirring materials: adding a stirring material into the boiled dry branches, so that each dry branch is uniformly stained with the stirring material;
the mixing material is formed by mixing bran, corn flour and gypsum, wherein the weight percentage of the dry branches to the mixing material is 76-78% of the dry branches, 16-18% of the bran, 3-5% of the corn flour and 1-3% of the gypsum;
(3) and bagging: bundling the branches added with the mixed material into a folded corner bottom sealing bag, inserting a plastic rod in the middle of the branches, and covering an opening of the folded corner bottom sealing bag without a cotton cover to obtain a branch bag filled with the branches;
(4) and sterilizing: a: placing the branch bags on a multi-layer rack of an autoclave, vertically placing each layer of the branch bags, and sealing the autoclave;
b. introducing steam to enable the steam pressure in the sterilization device to rise, turning down an air inlet valve when the pressure rises to 0.9 kg/cm, gradually opening the air outlet valve to enable cold air to be slowly discharged, fully opening the air inlet valve when the pressure drops to zero, turning the steam inlet quantity to be maximum, maintaining for 3-5 min until dense steam is discharged from an air outlet, closing the air outlet valve to adjust the air inlet quantity, and repeating the operation for 1 time when the pressure rises to 0.9 kg/cm again;
c. maintaining pressure and preserving heat, introducing steam into the branches steamed in the above operation again in the sterilization device, and adjusting an air inlet valve to stabilize pressure and temperature and keep for 4 hours when the steam pressure in the sterilization device rises to 0.8 kg/cm and the temperature reaches 108 +/-1 ℃;
d. adjusting an air inlet valve to reduce the pressure of steam in the sterilization device to 0.4 kg/cm within 0.8-1 h, wherein the temperature is 105 ℃ +/-1 ℃, and then stabilizing the pressure and the temperature for 5 h;
e. closing the air inlet valve, opening the air outlet valve when the steam pressure in the device to be sterilized naturally drops to 0.1 kg/cm, closing the air outlet valve when the air outlet valve is not discharged by steam, and finishing sterilization;
(5) and inoculation: and (4) pulling out the plastic stick, and putting the agar blocks fully covered with the mushroom mother seeds into the branch bags with the plastic sticks pulled out, so as to obtain the second-grade branch strains of the mushrooms.
The dry branches are rectangular poplar strips or birch strips, and are 16cm long, 0.4cm wide and 0.8cm thick.
The method is simple, convenient to operate, uniform in branch and mixed material, uniform in later-period spawn running, short in material eating distance and spawn running time, the bag can be filled in 15-20 days, and remarkable social and economic benefits are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a shoot bag of the present invention when placed in a mother seed.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The invention, when embodied, is given by the following examples.
Example 1
The invention relates to a preparation method of a second-grade branch strain of shiitake mushrooms, wherein the weight percentage of dry branches and mixed materials is 78% of dry branches, 18% of bran, 3% of corn flour and 1% of gypsum.
Example 2
The invention relates to a preparation method of a mushroom secondary branch strain, wherein the weight percentage of a dry branch and a mixed material is 77% of the dry branch, 17% of bran, 4% of corn flour and 2% of gypsum.
Example 3
The invention relates to a preparation method of a second-grade branch strain of shiitake mushrooms, wherein the weight percentage of dry branches and mixed materials is 76% of dry branches, 16% of bran, 5% of corn flour and 3% of gypsum.
The preparation method is simple, the effect is very good, and taking example 1 as an example, the relevant test data are as follows:
a preparation method of a second-level branch strain of shiitake mushrooms comprises the following steps:
(1) and branch pretreatment: bundling 100 poplar wood blocks with the width of 0.4cm and the thickness of 0.8 into one bundle, weighing, vertically putting the weighed poplar wood blocks into a stainless steel flat-bottom barrel with the diameter of 40cm, tightly extruding, putting 16 bundles in each layer, pressing cleaned stone blocks on the branches, adding brown sugar water with the mass concentration of 1% to ensure that the sugar water is 5-10 cm higher than the branches, and boiling for 28-35 min;
(2) adding and stirring materials: adding a stirring material into the boiled poplar, wherein the weight percentage of the poplar and the stirring material is 78% of the poplar, 18% of bran, 3% of corn flour and 1% of gypsum, so that each poplar is uniformly stained with the stirring material; weighing the mixed material, putting the mixed material into a plastic big basin, uniformly stirring the mixed material, uniformly dividing the uniformly stirred mixed material into a plurality of parts by boiling a plurality of bundles of branches in the step (1), fishing out the boiled poplar, placing the poplar above one part of the mixed material without forming lines by dripping water, untying a bundling rope without taking the poplar, holding the poplar on the mixed material by two hands, rolling the poplar from top to bottom, keeping the branches in a bundled state all the time, and uniformly sticking the mixed material on the boiled poplar;
(3) and bagging: tightly wrapping the poplar with the mixed material by using an X-ray film, opening the opening of a dog-ear bag, directly inserting a bundle of branches wrapped by the X-ray film into the bottom of the dog-ear bag, then drawing out the X-ray film, loading a small amount of residual mixed material which is not adhered to the branches above the branches, lightly shaking the material bag to fill the mixed material into the gaps of the branches, then sleeving a mouth ring of the dog-ear bag, inserting a plastic inserting rod into the middle of the branches at the position of the mouth ring, and covering an opening of the dog-ear bottom-sealing bag without a cotton cover to obtain a branch strip bag;
(4) and sterilizing: a: placing the branch bags on a multi-layer rack of an autoclave, vertically placing each layer of the branch bags, and sealing the autoclave;
b. introducing steam to enable the steam pressure in the sterilization device to rise, turning down an air inlet valve when the pressure rises to 0.9 kg/cm, gradually opening the air outlet valve to enable cold air to be slowly discharged, fully opening the air inlet valve when the pressure drops to zero, turning the steam inlet quantity to be maximum, maintaining for 3-5 min until dense steam is discharged from an air outlet, closing the air outlet valve to adjust the air inlet quantity, and repeating the operation for 1 time when the pressure rises to 0.9 kg/cm again;
c. maintaining pressure and preserving heat, introducing steam into the branches steamed in the above operation again in the sterilization device, and adjusting an air inlet valve to stabilize pressure and temperature and keep for 4 hours when the steam pressure in the sterilization device rises to 0.8 kg/cm and the temperature reaches 108 +/-1 ℃;
d. adjusting an air inlet valve to reduce the pressure of steam in the sterilization device to 0.4 kg/cm within 0.8-1 h, wherein the temperature is 105 ℃ +/-1 ℃, and then stabilizing the pressure and the temperature for 5 h;
e. closing the air inlet valve, opening the air outlet valve when the steam pressure in the device to be sterilized naturally drops to 0.1 kg/cm, closing the air outlet valve when the air outlet valve is not discharged by steam, and finishing sterilization; or sterilizing by CN108739066B method of sterilizing Lentinus Edodes stick with high pressure steam;
(5) and inoculation: pulling out the plastic rod, inoculating a bag of the mother strains of test tubes, pulling out the space of the plastic rod, and filling with agar blocks full of the mother strains of Lentinus edodes (as shown in figure 1) to obtain the second-grade branch strains of Lentinus edodes.
The CN108739066B high-pressure steam sterilization method for the shiitake stick comprises the following steps:
(1) pricking the bagged mushroom sticks, sticking a breathable film, putting the mushroom sticks on a multi-layer frame of an autoclave according to a straight line shape, wherein each layer of mushroom sticks does not exceed 3 layers, and then sealing the autoclave;
(2) introducing steam, adjusting the steam quantity to the maximum to enable the steam pressure in the sterilization device to rise as fast as possible, adjusting a small air inlet valve when the pressure rises to 0.9 kg/cm, gradually opening the air outlet valve to slowly discharge cold air, fully opening the air inlet valve when the pressure drops to zero, adjusting the steam quantity to the maximum, maintaining for 3-5 min until dense steam is discharged from an air outlet, closing the air outlet valve, then adjusting the steam quantity to the maximum, and performing the exhausting operation for 1 time again when the pressure rises to 0.9 kg/cm again;
(3) when the steam pressure in the sterilization device rises to 0.8 kg/cm and the temperature reaches 108 +/-1 ℃, adjusting an air inlet valve, stabilizing the pressure and the temperature, and keeping for 4 h;
(4) adjusting an air inlet valve to enable steam pressure in the sterilization device to drop from 0.8 kg/cm to 0.4 kg/cm at 0.8-1 h, the temperature being 105 ℃ +/-1 ℃, and then stabilizing the pressure and the temperature for 5 h;
(5) closing the air inlet valve, opening the air outlet valve when the steam pressure in the device to be sterilized naturally drops to 0.1 kg/cm, closing the air outlet valve when the air outlet valve is not discharged by steam, and finishing sterilization.
Through field tests, the obtained secondary branch strains are placed in a constant-temperature incubator at 25 ℃ and cultured in a conventional mode (known technology), and the secondary branch strains can grow full in 15-20 days, which is 10-15 days shorter than the secondary strain time of the traditional sawdust. The consistency of the age of the fungus is high, when branches are inoculated with the third-class seeds, the operation is simple, the fungus growing time of the third-class seeds is also shortened by 10-15 days, and the consistency of the age of the fungus is also obviously improved.
When the experiment of the embodiment 1 is carried out, the same experiment is also carried out on other embodiments, the same or similar results are obtained, and the results are not listed, which shows that the invention is stable and reliable.
The method has the advantages of simplicity, convenience in operation, uniformity in adhering and stirring the branches, uniformity in later-stage spawn running, short material eating distance and short spawn running time, the bags can be filled in 15-20 days, the culture period of the second-stage spawn of the lentinus edodes can be shortened by 10-15 days, the consistency of the age of the second-stage spawn is increased, the inoculation of the third-stage spawn is easy to operate, the culture period of the third-stage spawn is shortened by 10-15 days, the growth consistency of the third-stage spawn is improved, and the like, and the method is an innovation in preparation of the second-stage branch spawn of the lentinus edodes and has remarkable social and economic benefits.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a second-level branch strain of shiitake mushrooms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and branch pretreatment: bundling 80-120 dry branches into a bundle, weighing, putting into brown sugar water with the mass concentration of 1%, boiling the brown sugar water with the mass concentration 5-10 cm higher than the branches, and boiling the water for 28-35 min;
(2) adding and stirring materials: adding a stirring material into the boiled dry branches, so that each dry branch is uniformly stained with the stirring material;
the mixing material is formed by mixing bran, corn flour and gypsum, wherein the weight percentage of the dry branches to the mixing material is 76-78% of the dry branches, 16-18% of the bran, 3-5% of the corn flour and 1-3% of the gypsum;
(3) and bagging: bundling the branches added with the mixed material into a folded corner bottom sealing bag, inserting a plastic rod in the middle of the branches, and covering an opening of the folded corner bottom sealing bag without a cotton cover to obtain a branch bag filled with the branches;
(4) and sterilizing: a: placing the branch bags on a multi-layer rack of an autoclave, vertically placing each layer of the branch bags, and sealing the autoclave;
b. introducing steam to enable the steam pressure in the sterilization device to rise, turning down an air inlet valve when the pressure rises to 0.9 kg/cm, gradually opening the air outlet valve to enable cold air to be slowly discharged, fully opening the air inlet valve when the pressure drops to zero, turning the steam inlet quantity to be maximum, maintaining for 3-5 min until dense steam is discharged from an air outlet, closing the air outlet valve to adjust the air inlet quantity, and repeating the operation for 1 time when the pressure rises to 0.9 kg/cm again;
c. maintaining pressure and preserving heat, introducing steam into the branches steamed in the above operation again in the sterilization device, and adjusting an air inlet valve to stabilize pressure and temperature and keep for 4 hours when the steam pressure in the sterilization device rises to 0.8 kg/cm and the temperature reaches 108 +/-1 ℃;
d. adjusting an air inlet valve to reduce the pressure of steam in the sterilization device to 0.4 kg/cm within 0.8-1 h, wherein the temperature is 105 ℃ +/-1 ℃, and then stabilizing the pressure and the temperature for 5 h;
e. closing the air inlet valve, opening the air outlet valve when the steam pressure in the device to be sterilized naturally drops to 0.1 kg/cm, closing the air outlet valve when the air outlet valve is not discharged by steam, and finishing sterilization;
(5) and inoculation: and (4) pulling out the plastic stick, and putting the agar blocks fully covered with the mushroom mother seeds into the branch bags with the plastic sticks pulled out, so as to obtain the second-grade branch strains of the mushrooms.
2. The method for preparing secondary branch strains of shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the dry branches are rectangular poplar strips or birch strips, and are 16cm long, 0.4cm wide and 0.8cm thick.
3. The method for preparing secondary branch strains of shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the dry branches to the mixed material is 78% of the dry branches, 18% of the bran, 3% of the corn flour and 1% of the gypsum.
4. The method for preparing secondary branch strains of shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the dry branches to the blend is 77% of the dry branches, 17% of the bran, 4% of the corn flour and 2% of the gypsum.
5. The method for preparing secondary branch strains of shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentages of the dry branches and the mixed materials are 76% of the dry branches, 16% of the bran, 5% of the corn flour and 3% of the gypsum.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115136845A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-04 | 敦化市阳光生物科技有限责任公司 | Secondary branch strain and preparation process thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1235755A (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 1999-11-24 | 安晨明 | Technology for producing dendritical spawn of bag cultivated edible mushroom |
| CN105940951A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-09-21 | 山东福国菌业有限公司 | Mushroom bacterial strain preparation method |
| CN108739066A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-06 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of lentinus edodes strain stick high pressure steam sterilization method |
-
2022
- 2022-02-07 CN CN202210116086.9A patent/CN114365660A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1235755A (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 1999-11-24 | 安晨明 | Technology for producing dendritical spawn of bag cultivated edible mushroom |
| CN105940951A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-09-21 | 山东福国菌业有限公司 | Mushroom bacterial strain preparation method |
| CN108739066A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-06 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of lentinus edodes strain stick high pressure steam sterilization method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 姜涛等: "香菇枝条菌种的制作与应用技术", 《农业与技术》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115136845A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-10-04 | 敦化市阳光生物科技有限责任公司 | Secondary branch strain and preparation process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220419 |