CN114344337A - 一种食源性骨汤纳米颗粒的应用 - Google Patents
一种食源性骨汤纳米颗粒的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物医药领域,尤其涉及食源性骨汤纳米颗粒的应用,本发明从猪骨汤中经凝胶过滤色谱分离纯化获得的食源性猪骨汤纳米颗粒组分,通过降低炎症因子IL1β,IL‑6、TNF‑α的产生,抑制炎症表达,可以保护DSS诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎及调控结肠炎引起的肠道菌群紊乱,并且在建立溃疡性结肠炎小鼠影响模型过程中发现食源性骨汤纳米颗粒能够对增加结肠炎小鼠的体重、结肠长度,改善结肠炎小鼠的便血情况、粪便形态,改善肠炎小鼠的结肠病理结构,可作为防治溃疡性结肠炎的潜在药物,能够为临床提供一种新的用药选择。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药领域,尤其涉及一种食源性骨汤纳米颗粒的应用。
背景技术
溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative Colitis,UC)是一种病因未明,结直肠黏膜的慢性非特异性疾病,该病具有慢性进展、病程长、反复发作等特点,以细胞因子异常产生炎症,增加黏附分子表达和细胞浸润,最终导致上皮细胞凋亡和黏膜损伤为病理特征。目前缺乏有效治疗方法,被WHO列为难治性疾病之一。近20年在中国的发病率和患病率持续增高,并与结肠癌的发生密切相关,UC的治疗已经成为临床的棘手问题。虽然一些糖皮质激素与免疫抑制剂能够缓解症状,但是效果不甚满意,而且长期应用会带来严重的不良反应。因此急需具有安全性高且具有治疗UC的药物。
近年来,一些食品中广泛存在的天然发生纳米颗粒(naturally occurringnanoparticles)引起了广泛的注意。这些食源性天然发生纳米颗粒这些纳米颗粒伴随着食品已为人们食用了很长时间,具有良好的安全性、生物利用度和生物相容性,更适合在食物和药物产业中的应用。
例如,绿茶抽提物组装形成抗癌化学治疗剂的纳米载体在安全性和生物相容性方面的优势显示了作为药物的良好前景。
牛奶蛋白纳米颗粒可以改善口服叶酸和 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸在体内的吸收效率。
明胶自组装形成的纳米颗粒可以搭载儿茶素 EGCG 并保留其生物活性,是一种未来的功能型食品添加剂。
甘草蛋白自组装的纳米颗粒可以包埋乌头碱,并可以有效降低乌头碱对机体的毒性。
甚至一些植物来源的可食用天然发生纳米颗粒已经被表明对肠道炎症具有治疗效果。
猪骨内含有骨髓,富含骨胶原、蛋白质、脂质、多糖、核酸和矿物质成分,经高温煮沸文火慢炖制备成的猪骨汤,不仅味道鲜美,且富有营养,越来越受到世界各地人士的青睐。经研究发现,猪骨汤含有大量的天然发生纳米颗粒,已经被表明具有调节免疫功能与修复肠道屏障受损功能。然而目前为止还尚未有关于食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在防治肠道炎症疾病中的报道。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的在于将制备得到的食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在制备抗溃疡性结肠炎药物中的应用。
本发明的第二个目的在于会将食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在建立溃疡性结肠炎小鼠影响模型中的应用。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在制备抗溃疡性结肠炎药物中的应用。
食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在调控菌群失调,修复肠粘膜损伤药物中的应用。
食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在降低炎症因子的产生,抑制炎症表达药物中的应用。
作为优选,所述炎症因子包括IL1β、IL-6、TNF-α中的任意一种或多种的组合。
上述食源性骨汤纳米颗粒的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)对猪骨进行热加工制备猪骨汤;
(2)对步骤(1)获得的猪骨汤进行离心处理,获得上清液;
(3)通过凝胶排阻色谱联合动态光散射仪对步骤(2)得到的上清液进行分离,获得猪骨汤功能性纳米颗粒。
作为优选,步骤(1)中所述猪骨热加工工艺如下:将猪骨于柠檬酸钠溶液中浸泡后,经蒸馏水清洗去除血水,加入蒸馏水沸煮后过滤得到猪骨汤。
作为优选,柠檬酸钠溶液的浓度为0.5~3%。
作为优选,沸煮过程中猪骨与蒸馏水的料液比为1:(1-3)kg/L。
作为优选,沸煮时间为0.5-3h。
作为优选,步骤(2)中离心速度为5000-10000r•min-1,离心时间为10-20min。
作为优选,步骤(3)中分离步骤如下:将上清液通入凝胶排阻色谱柱,使功能性纳米颗粒结合在凝胶排阻柱上,然后用缓冲液洗脱,同时以280 nm紫外波段联合在线动态光散射对洗脱液进行监测,收集光散射峰的洗脱液,将洗脱液干燥后即获得猪骨汤中功能性纳米颗粒。
作为优选,所述凝胶排阻色谱柱为琼脂糖或其衍生交联物;
其分离范围为60KDa-20000 KDa,孔径为45-165μm。
作为优选,所述凝胶排阻色谱柱型号为Sephacryl S-1000 SF。
作为优选,所述缓冲洗脱液为浓度为0.01~0.1M,pH为6.5~7.5的磷酸缓冲液。
作为优选,所述功能性纳米颗粒的粒径为100-300nm。
食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在建立结肠炎动物影响模型中的应用。
所述结肠炎动物影响模型的建立方法如下:
(S.1)将实验动物随机分为正常组、模型组、食源性骨汤颗粒组、骨汤组、阳性对照组,对环境进行适应;
(S.2)将以蒸馏水将DSS配制成溶液,分别给模型组,食源性骨汤颗粒组,骨汤组,阳性对照组自由饮用,进行造模;
其中,在造模过程中:
正常组与模型组每天予以蒸馏水灌胃;
食源性骨汤颗粒组与骨汤组分别予以食源性骨汤颗粒溶液以及骨汤进行灌胃;
阳性对照组每天予以柳氮磺胺吡啶溶液灌胃;
(S.3)从给药第一天开始,每日定点定时记录实验动物体重、粪便形态、粪便带血情况,并按参考文献标准对粪便形态、粪便带血情况进行打分;
(S.4)给药结束后,对于将实验动物脱颈处死,取出结肠,收集结肠内粪便,评价食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对于实验动物结肠炎的影响。
作为优选,所述结肠炎为溃疡性结肠炎。
作为优选,所述步骤(S.1)中实验动物为SPF级五周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠(20±2g);
适应环境条件如下:温度为23±2℃、湿度为50±5%,小鼠适应时间为7天。
作为优选,所述步骤(S.2)中食源性骨汤颗粒溶液与骨汤的浓度一致。
作为优选,DSS溶液的浓度为5%。
作为优选,食源性骨汤颗粒组与骨汤组分别以50 mL(食源性骨汤颗粒组溶液或骨汤)/kg/天的剂量进行灌胃。
作为优选,阳性对照组按照柳氮磺胺吡啶溶液250 mg/kg/天的剂量进行灌胃。
进一步,所述的食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在增加结肠炎小鼠的体重、结肠长度,改善结肠炎小鼠的便血情况、粪便形态,改善肠炎小鼠的结肠病理结构中的应用。
因此,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明从猪骨汤中经凝胶过滤色谱分离纯化获得的食源性猪骨汤纳米颗粒组分,通过降低炎症因子IL1b,IL-6、TNF-α的产生,抑制炎症表达,恢复炎症性肠道菌群失调,以期探索食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在溃疡性结肠炎治疗中的潜在应用。
(2)本发明提供了食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在防治溃疡性结肠炎中的应用,食源性骨汤纳米颗粒能增加结肠炎小鼠的体重、结肠长度,改善结肠炎小鼠的便血情况、粪便形态,改善肠炎小鼠的结肠病理结构,可作为防治溃疡性结肠炎的潜在药物,为临床提供一种新的用药选择。
附图说明
图1本发明制备得到的食源性骨汤纳米颗粒的TEM电镜观察图。
图2为食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对体重,疾病活动指数(DAI),结肠长度,结肠重量与结肠长度比的影响结果图。
图3 为食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对肠组织病理变化以及肠组织炎症因子分泌的影响结果图。
图4 为食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对肠道菌群丰富度和多样性的影响结果图。
图5 为对不同样品的微生物群落构成进行比较分析结果图。
图6 为食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对肠道微生物群落结构影响结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图以及具体实施例对本发明做进一步描述。本领域普通技术人员在基于这些说明的情况下将能够实现本发明。此外,下述说明中涉及到的本发明的实施例通常仅是本发明一部分的实施例,而不是全部的实施例。因此,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明中食源性骨汤纳米颗粒的制备方法如下:
(1)将猪骨于1%柠檬酸钠溶液中浸泡30分钟后,采用蒸馏水清洗3次,去除血水。按照料液比1:2kg/L加入蒸馏水并煮沸2h,然后冷却至常温,最后用纱布过滤,即得到猪骨汤;
(2)取粗滤液于离心机中,离心速度为8000r•min-1,在40℃下离心10min,获得上清液;
(3)上清液利用凝胶排阻色谱柱(10 mm×120 mm)快速分离,柱填料为SephacrylS-1000 SF,利用0.05M磷酸缓冲液(pH7.0)充填柱子并用以平衡,流速为:0.3mL/min,上样量为1mL,继续用同样磷酸盐缓冲液进行洗脱,洗脱组分同时用紫外 280 nm 和 DLS 进行监测系统。将 280 nm 下有吸收且有强的激光光散射信号的峰收集,猪骨汤胶体颗粒出峰时间在 105-115 min,收集为功能性纳米颗粒,在蒸馏水中透性除盐后,冻干备用,其粒径分布为50-500nm,平均粒径为220 nm,表面带负电,ζ-电位为-15 mV,TEM电镜观察图(图1)证实猪骨汤胶体颗粒为均匀球状。
【具体实施例】
本发明实验动物为SPF级五周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠(20±2g)30只,购自浙江省实验动物中心。在温度为23±2℃、湿度为50±5%的条件下,小鼠将适应新条件7天。
本发明造模药物为DSS葡聚糖硫酸钠,购自MP公司,其分子量为36000–50000。
实验流程:
将食源性纳米颗粒用蒸馏水溶解至光散值与骨汤原汤光散值一致。将30只BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常组(记作Control)、模型组(记作DSS)、食源性骨汤颗粒组(记作BSNPs)、骨汤组(记作BS)、阳性对照组(柳氮磺胺吡啶,SASP,记作SASP)。环境适应一周后,以蒸馏水将DSS配制成5%的溶液,给DSS组,BSNPs组,BS组,SASP组自由饮用,进行造模,连续7天。造模期间,Control组与DSS组每天予以蒸馏水灌胃;BSNPs组与BS组按照 50 mL(BSNPs或BS)/kg/天的剂量进行灌胃。SASP组按照250 mg/kg/天的剂量进行灌胃。
从给药第一天开始,每日定点定时记录小鼠体重、粪便形态、粪便带血情况,并按参考文献标准对粪便形态、粪便带血情况进行打分。粪便形态:正常,0分;软而成型,1分;非常软,2分;腹泻,3分。便血情况:便中无血,0分;便中隐血,1分;便中明显见血,2分;腹泻样便血而染及肛门,3分。给药7天后,将小鼠脱颈处死,取出结肠,收集结肠内大便粪便,以便16s rRNA测定。以直尺量取结肠长度,生理盐水清洗结肠,分成两份,一份多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋,切成4μm切片,HE染色,在光学显微镜观察肠组织的病理变化。另一份液氮冷冻后,-80摄氏度保留以便炎症因子mRNA表达分析。
小鼠的结肠炎程度可通过临床指标反应出。结肠炎程度严重的小鼠,体重会变轻,疾病活动指数会增大,结肠长度变短。此外结肠重量与结肠长度比也可作为衡量结肠炎程度的指标,结肠越炎程度越严重,该比值将越大。
图2是食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对体重,疾病活动指数(DAI),结肠长度, 结肠重量与结肠长度比的影响。从图1可以看出,与Control组相比,模型DSS组体重降低,疾病活动指数增加,结肠长度明显缩短,结肠重量与结肠长度比明显增加,模型成立;与模型DSS组相比,食源性骨汤纳米颗粒BSNPs组与骨汤原汤组BS组明显提高小鼠体重与结肠长度,降低疾病活动指数与结肠重量与结肠长度比,而且效果与阳性对照药SASP相当甚至略优,具有统计学意义。
图3是食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对肠组织病理变化以及肠组织炎症因子分泌的影响。通过HE染色来对肠道组织情况进行评估,结果表明,正常组肠粘膜上皮细胞完整,肠线形状正常且肠道细胞未出现炎性浸润和损伤,肠道组织良好。模型组出现明显的肠壁增厚,固有层内存在大面积中性粒细胞浸润,肠绒毛不规则,局部绒毛和肠线消失,以及坏死组织和炎性细胞浸润,炎性状态明显。而在食源性骨汤纳米颗粒组和阳性对照组中,可见肠壁水肿转为轻度,肠绒毛上皮完整,中性粒细胞浸润明显缓解,炎性程度减轻。组织学评分也显示食源性骨汤纳米颗粒降低组织学评分,说明食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对肠道发挥保护作用。TNF-α, IL-6, 与IL-1β是肠道炎症重要的炎症相关因子,通过结肠组织中炎症因子TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β的表达分析表明,模型DSS组比Control组显著增加TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β的表达,而食源性骨汤纳米颗粒BSNPs组与骨汤原汤组BS组显著降低这些炎症因子的表达,表明食源性骨汤纳米颗粒抑制炎症因子的产生。
图4为食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对肠道菌群丰富度和多样性的影响。Chao1 与observed species 指数反应菌群丰富度,这两种指数越高丰富度越高;Shannon 指数与Simpson 指数反应菌群多样性,同样,这两种指数越高,其多样性越高。肠道炎症降低肠道菌群微生物群落丰富度和多样性。DSS模型组与Control正常组相比,肠道菌群丰富度和多样性显著性降低。而食源骨汤纳米颗粒BSNPs组与骨汤原汤组BS组显著提高肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性,具有生物统计学意义。表明食源性骨汤纳米颗粒具有调控肠道微生物群落功能。
图5为对不同样品的微生物群落构成进行比较分析。PCoA与NMDS分析结果显示食源性骨汤纳米颗粒BSNPs组,骨汤原汤组BS组,阳性对照组SASP组更靠近Control组,这四组远离模型DSS组。非加权组平均聚类分析(UPGMA, UnweightedPair-groupMethod withArithmetic Means)显示同样的结果。这些结果表明食源性骨汤纳米颗粒能恢复肠道炎症微生物群落的失调。
图6为食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对肠道微生物群落结构影响。结果表明DSS会造成肠道微生物群落结构的显著变化。与正常Control组相比,在门水平,DSS上调了Campilobacterota与Firmicutes的相对丰度,但是降低了bacteroidota的相对丰度。此外,DSS还显著增加了 Firmicute/Bacteroidota (F/B) 比值. 在属水平,DSS显著降低了Muribaculaceae (Figure 5D), Alistipes (Figure 5H),与Alloprevotella (Figure5G) 的相对丰度,增加了helicobacter与Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group。而食源性骨汤纳米颗粒BSNPs组,骨汤原汤组BS组,阳性对照组则恢复这些菌群组分至正常。这些结果表明食源性骨汤纳米颗粒具有调节肠炎肠道菌群紊乱的功能。
因此,上述数据表明,本发明从猪骨汤中经凝胶过滤色谱分离纯化获得的食源性猪骨汤纳米颗粒组分,通过降低炎症因子IL1b,IL-6、TNF-α的产生,抑制炎症表达,可以保护DSS诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎及调控结肠炎引起的肠道菌群紊乱,从而以期探索食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在溃疡性结肠炎治疗中的潜在应用。
此外,在建立溃疡性结肠炎小鼠影响模型过程中发现食源性骨汤纳米颗粒能够对增加结肠炎小鼠的体重、结肠长度,改善结肠炎小鼠的便血情况、粪便形态,改善肠炎小鼠的结肠病理结构,可作为防治溃疡性结肠炎的潜在药物,能够为临床提供一种新的用药选择。
Claims (9)
1.食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在制备抗溃疡性结肠炎药物中的应用。
2.食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在调控菌群失调,修复肠粘膜损伤药物中的应用。
3.食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在降低炎症因子的产生,抑制炎症表达药物中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,
所述炎症因子包括IL1β、IL-6、TNF-α中的任意一种或多种的组合。
5.食源性骨汤纳米颗粒在建立结肠炎动物影响模型中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,
所述结肠炎动物影响模型的建立方法如下:
(S.1)将实验动物随机分为正常组、模型组、食源性骨汤颗粒组、骨汤组、阳性对照组,对环境进行适应;
(S.2)将以蒸馏水将DSS配制成溶液,分别给模型组,食源性骨汤颗粒组,骨汤组,阳性对照组自由饮用,进行造模;
其中,在造模过程中:
正常组与模型组每天予以蒸馏水灌胃;
食源性骨汤颗粒组与骨汤组分别予以食源性骨汤颗粒溶液以及骨汤进行灌胃;
阳性对照组每天予以柳氮磺胺吡啶溶液灌胃;
(S.3)从给药第一天开始,每日定点定时记录实验动物体重、粪便形态、粪便带血情况,并按参考文献标准对粪便形态、粪便带血情况进行打分;
(S.4)给药结束后,对于将实验动物脱颈处死,取出结肠,收集结肠内粪便,评价食源性骨汤纳米颗粒对于实验动物结肠炎的影响。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的应用,其特征在于,
所述结肠炎为溃疡性结肠炎。
8.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,
所述步骤(S.1)中实验动物为SPF级五周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠;
适应环境条件如下:温度为23±2℃、湿度为50±5%,小鼠适应时间为7天。
9.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,
所述步骤(S.2)中食源性骨汤颗粒溶液与骨汤的浓度一致。
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