CN114342774A - Planting base formula suitable for roof greening of old building and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Planting base formula suitable for roof greening of old building and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114342774A
CN114342774A CN202111647856.4A CN202111647856A CN114342774A CN 114342774 A CN114342774 A CN 114342774A CN 202111647856 A CN202111647856 A CN 202111647856A CN 114342774 A CN114342774 A CN 114342774A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
planting
mixing
planting base
roof greening
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Inventor
何倩
李勇
袁俊峰
丁蓓
陈君文
卢建晖
熊发林
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Shenzhen Dadi Chuangxiang Architectural Landscape Planning And Design Co ltd
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Shenzhen Dadi Chuangxiang Architectural Landscape Planning And Design Co ltd
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Publication of CN114342774A publication Critical patent/CN114342774A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a planting base formula suitable for roof greening of old buildings and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein ceramsite and planting soil are solidified into a block planting base according to a certain proportion, so that modularization and industrial production are facilitated, the planting soil is fermented into light planting soil by utilizing kitchen garbage through combination of humus soil, various organic wastes and beneficial bacteria, the planting soil is rich in N, P, K and various trace elements, is rich in nutrition and light in weight, enhances the permeability of the soil, improves the structure of the soil, has the effects of water and fertilizer retention, and is suitable for roof greening engineering of old buildings.

Description

Planting base formula suitable for roof greening of old building and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roof greening of old buildings, in particular to a planting base formula suitable for roof greening of old buildings and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
China is in the rapid development stage of urbanization, roof greening is popularized in limited urban spaces, the greening area can be enlarged, the utilization rate of homeland resources can be effectively improved, air floating dust and urban heat island effects are relieved, air is purified, air humidity is increased, urban noise is reduced, meanwhile, the temperature in a building can be reduced by 3-5 ℃ through roof greening, and the heat insulation and energy saving effects are remarkable.
However, in the roof greening engineering in the prior art, the thickness of planting soil is at least 40cm-60cm, the load requirement on a roof structure is high, the engineering quantity is large, and the maintenance cost is high; for the roof of the old building, the roof of the old building has small load and poor waterproof, windproof and water retention capacities, so that the roof greening engineering in the prior art is difficult to be suitable for the roof of the old building; the proportion of old buildings in cities is far higher than that of new buildings with roof greening, so that the development of a greening technology suitable for roofs of old buildings is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a planting base formula suitable for greening old building roofs and a manufacturing method thereof, which can safely and conveniently perform greening transformation on old roofs, have low maintenance cost and realize industrialized and modularized production.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a planting base suitable for roof greening of old buildings comprises planting soil prepared by taking kitchen waste ferment as a main component, wherein the planting soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35-45% of humus, 20-30% of kitchen enzyme, 20-30% of organic waste and 5-15% of beneficial microorganisms.
Further, the organic waste is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-30% of sawdust, 10-20% of straw ash, 7-17% of livestock and poultry manure, 13-23% of coconut husk, 11-21% of mushroom dregs, 6-16% of corncob and 3% of slow-release urea.
Further, the beneficial microorganisms are mixed bacteria, including bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphorus and potassium dissolving azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.
A manufacturing method of a planting base suitable for roof greening of old buildings comprises the following steps:
s1: sieving humus soil by a sieve, removing impurities such as large soil blocks, stones, leaves and the like, filling the sieved humus soil into a plastic vessel, sealing, and then placing under the sun for insolation for later use;
s2: filtering and removing impurities from kitchen waste, adding beneficial microorganisms, mixing, placing the mixed solution in a fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, then adjusting the pH value to be neutral by using sodium carbonate, adjusting the humidity to be 60%, and fermenting to form kitchen waste enzyme for later use;
s3: mixing, piling and fermenting sawdust, straw ash, livestock and poultry manure, coconut coir, mushroom dregs, slow-release urea and corncobs in the organic waste according to the components and the weight percentage until the color of a fermented product of the organic waste turns black for later use;
s4: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste ferment in the step S2 with the fermentation product of the organic waste in the step S3, tightly sealing, and naturally fermenting for 30 days for later use;
s5: stirring the preparation in the S4 and the humus soil in the S1, uniformly mixing, and mixing according to the ratio of the humus soil: adding slaked lime into the slaked lime in a weight ratio of the slaked lime =100:2, and uniformly stirring again to prepare planting soil;
s6: and (3) the planting soil prepared in the S5 is prepared according to the following steps: ceramsite = 1-3: 1, then mixing uniformly according to the weight ratio of 30-40g/m2Adding adhesive in the proportion, mixing, injecting water, stirring uniformly again, placing into a mold, and air-drying in shadeAnd preparing the block planting base.
Further, the screen mesh number in S1 is 20.
Further, the block planting base in S6 is 20cm by 20 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method mainly prepares the planting soil by using the kitchen waste ferment formed by fermenting the kitchen waste, has low manufacturing cost and light weight, ensures that the planting soil is rich in N, P, K and various trace elements, has rich nutrition, enhances the permeability of the soil, improves the structure of the soil, plays the roles of water and fertilizer retention, and is suitable for greening old roofs; meanwhile, the planting base with the blocky structure is formed by mixing and solidifying the planting soil and the ceramsite, so that the planting base is convenient to fix and install on the roof of an old building, has the advantages of convenience in construction, maintenance and replacement, and is convenient for industrial and modular production.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following specific examples are given as preferred embodiments, and the detailed description is given below.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described below according to specific embodiments.
Note that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one described embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the invention described in the present disclosure without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1:
a planting base suitable for roof greening of old buildings comprises planting soil prepared by taking kitchen waste ferment as a main component, wherein the planting soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35% of humus soil, 30% of kitchen enzyme, 30% of organic waste and 5% of beneficial microorganisms.
The organic waste is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of sawdust, 20% of straw ash, 7% of livestock and poultry manure, 23% of coconut coir, 21% of mushroom dregs, 6% of corncobs and 3% of slow-release urea.
The beneficial microorganism is mixed bacteria, including bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphorus and potassium dissolving azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.
A manufacturing method of a planting base suitable for roof greening of old buildings comprises the following steps:
s1: sieving humus soil by a sieve, removing impurities such as large soil blocks, stones, leaves and the like, filling the sieved humus soil into a plastic vessel, sealing, and then placing under the sun for insolation for later use;
s2: filtering and removing impurities from kitchen waste, adding beneficial microorganisms, mixing, placing the mixed solution in a fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, then adjusting the pH value to be neutral by using sodium carbonate, adjusting the humidity to be 60%, and fermenting to form kitchen waste enzyme for later use;
s3: mixing, piling and fermenting sawdust, straw ash, livestock and poultry manure, coconut coir, mushroom dregs, slow-release urea and corncobs in the organic waste according to the components and the weight percentage until the color of a fermented product of the organic waste turns black for later use;
s4: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste ferment in the step S2 with the fermentation product of the organic waste in the step S3, tightly sealing, and naturally fermenting for 30 days for later use;
s5: stirring the preparation in the S4 and the humus soil in the S1, uniformly mixing, and mixing according to the ratio of the humus soil: adding slaked lime into the slaked lime in a weight ratio of the slaked lime =100:2, and uniformly stirring again to prepare planting soil;
s6: and (3) the planting soil prepared in the S5 is prepared according to the following steps: ceramsite = 1: 1, then mixing them uniformly according to the weight ratio of 30g/m2Adding the adhesive in the proportion, mixing, injecting water, stirring uniformly again, placing into a mold, and air-drying in a shade place to prepare the block planting base.
The number of the meshes in the S1 is 20.
The block implant in S6 was 20cm by 20 cm.
Example 2:
a planting base suitable for roof greening of old buildings comprises planting soil prepared by taking kitchen waste ferment as a main component, wherein the planting soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of humus soil, 25% of kitchen enzyme, 25% of organic waste and 10% of beneficial microorganisms.
The organic waste is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25% of sawdust, 15% of straw ash, 12% of livestock and poultry manure, 18% of coconut coir, 16% of mushroom dregs, 11% of corncobs and 3% of slow-release urea.
The beneficial microorganism is mixed bacteria, including bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphorus and potassium dissolving azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.
A manufacturing method of a planting base suitable for roof greening of old buildings comprises the following steps:
s1: sieving humus soil by a sieve, removing impurities such as large soil blocks, stones, leaves and the like, filling the sieved humus soil into a plastic vessel, sealing, and then placing under the sun for insolation for later use;
s2: filtering and removing impurities from kitchen waste, adding beneficial microorganisms, mixing, placing the mixed solution in a fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, then adjusting the pH value to be neutral by using sodium carbonate, adjusting the humidity to be 60%, and fermenting to form kitchen waste enzyme for later use;
s3: mixing, piling and fermenting sawdust, straw ash, livestock and poultry manure, coconut coir, mushroom dregs, slow-release urea and corncobs in the organic waste according to the components and the weight percentage until the color of a fermented product of the organic waste turns black for later use;
s4: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste ferment in the step S2 with the fermentation product of the organic waste in the step S3, tightly sealing, and naturally fermenting for 30 days for later use;
s5: stirring the preparation in the S4 and the humus soil in the S1, uniformly mixing, and mixing according to the ratio of the humus soil: adding slaked lime into the slaked lime in a weight ratio of the slaked lime =100:2, and uniformly stirring again to prepare planting soil;
s6: and (3) the planting soil prepared in the S5 is prepared according to the following steps: ceramsite = 2: 1, then mixing uniformly according to the weight ratio of 35g/m2Adding the adhesive in the proportion, mixing, injecting water, stirring uniformly again, placing into a mold, and air-drying in a shade place to prepare the block planting base.
The number of the meshes in the S1 is 20.
The block implant in S6 was 20cm by 20 cm.
Example 3:
a planting base suitable for roof greening of old buildings comprises planting soil prepared by taking kitchen waste ferment as a main component, wherein the planting soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of humus soil, 20% of kitchen waste enzyme, 20% of organic waste and 15% of beneficial microorganisms.
The organic waste is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30% of sawdust, 10% of straw ash, 17% of livestock and poultry manure, 13% of coconut coir, 11% of mushroom dregs, 16% of corncobs and 3% of slow-release urea.
The beneficial microorganism is mixed bacteria, including bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphorus and potassium dissolving azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.
A manufacturing method of a planting base suitable for roof greening of old buildings comprises the following steps:
s1: sieving humus soil by a sieve, removing impurities such as large soil blocks, stones, leaves and the like, filling the sieved humus soil into a plastic vessel, sealing, and then placing under the sun for insolation for later use;
s2: filtering and removing impurities from kitchen waste, adding beneficial microorganisms, mixing, placing the mixed solution in a fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, then adjusting the pH value to be neutral by using sodium carbonate, adjusting the humidity to be 60%, and fermenting to form kitchen waste enzyme for later use;
s3: mixing, piling and fermenting sawdust, straw ash, livestock and poultry manure, coconut coir, mushroom dregs, slow-release urea and corncobs in the organic waste according to the components and the weight percentage until the color of a fermented product of the organic waste turns black for later use;
s4: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste ferment in the step S2 with the fermentation product of the organic waste in the step S3, tightly sealing, and naturally fermenting for 30 days for later use;
s5: stirring the preparation in the S4 and the humus soil in the S1, uniformly mixing, and mixing according to the ratio of the humus soil: adding slaked lime into the slaked lime in a weight ratio of the slaked lime =100:2, and uniformly stirring again to prepare planting soil;
s6: and (3) the planting soil prepared in the S5 is prepared according to the following steps: ceramsite = 3: 1, then mixing uniformly according to the weight ratio of 40g/m2Adding the adhesive in the proportion, mixing, injecting water, stirring uniformly again, placing into a mold, and air-drying in a shade place to prepare the block planting base.
The number of the meshes in the S1 is 20.
The block implant in S6 was 20cm by 20 cm.
Comparative example 1: comparative example 1 is a conventional soil commonly available on the market.
Comparative example 2: comparative example 2 is substantially the same as example 2 except that the planting soil in comparative example 2 is mainly configured of agricultural waste.
Comparative example 3: comparative example 3 is substantially the same as example 3 except that S6 of comparative example 3 is not added with a binder.
The planting soils prepared in the above manner of examples 1, 2, 3 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3 were weighed per unit volume, then plants of the same growth vigor and species were planted in the planting soils of examples 1, 2, 3 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and placed in the open air where the sunlight was directly irradiated, and the plant survival rate and the plant height in the planting soils of examples 1, 2, 3 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3 were observed after three months, and at the same time, the remaining soil mass and soil humidity were tested to obtain the data of table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure 788383DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
As shown in table 1, it can be seen from comparison of examples 1, 2, and 3 with comparative examples 1, 2, and 3 that the quality of the planting soil according to the formulation and method of examples 1, 2, and 3 is significantly lighter, and is suitable for roofs of old buildings with small loads; moreover, the survival rate and the growth height of the plants after being planted are both obviously improved, and the greening degree of the roof can be effectively improved; meanwhile, the soil humidity and the residual soil quality after three months show that the planting soil prepared by the formula and the method of the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 has strong water retention and wind resistance, and can avoid soil reduction after long-time planting;
thus, the following conclusions can be drawn: after the planting soil of the formulas and the methods of the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 is exposed to the sun for three months and blown by wind, the soil still can keep a proper amount of humidity, has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is suitable for greening engineering of old building roofs which are difficult to maintain; meanwhile, after the planting base with the thickness of 20cm and the thickness of 20cm manufactured by the mold is subjected to strong wind for three months, the planting soil is not affected by the strong wind and is reduced, otherwise, the traditional soil in the comparative example 1 and the traditional soil in the comparative example 2 and the planting base in the prior art are blown away due to being placed at the wind gap, and the planting base manufactured by the formula and the method has strong wind resistance.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a plant base suitable for greening of old building roof which characterized in that: the method comprises planting soil prepared by taking kitchen enzyme as a main component, wherein the planting soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35-45% of humus, 20-30% of kitchen enzyme, 20-30% of organic waste and 5-15% of beneficial microorganisms.
2. The planting base for roof greening of old buildings according to claim 1, wherein the planting base comprises: the organic waste is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-30% of sawdust, 10-20% of straw ash, 7-17% of livestock and poultry manure, 13-23% of coconut husk, 11-21% of mushroom dregs, 6-16% of corncob and 3% of slow-release urea.
3. The planting base for roof greening of old buildings according to claim 1, wherein the planting base comprises: the beneficial microorganism is mixed bacteria, including bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing potassium-solubilizing nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.
4. A manufacturing method suitable for roof greening planting bases of old buildings is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: sieving humus soil by a sieve, removing impurities such as large soil blocks, stones, leaves and the like, filling the sieved humus soil into a plastic vessel, sealing, and then placing under the sun for insolation for later use;
s2: filtering and removing impurities from kitchen waste, adding beneficial microorganisms, mixing, placing the mixed solution in a fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, then adjusting the pH value to be neutral by using sodium carbonate, adjusting the humidity to be 60%, and fermenting to form kitchen waste enzyme for later use;
s3: mixing, piling and fermenting sawdust, straw ash, livestock and poultry manure, coconut coir, mushroom dregs, slow-release urea and corncobs in the organic waste according to the components and the weight percentage until the color of a fermented product of the organic waste turns black for later use;
s4: uniformly mixing the kitchen waste ferment in the step S2 with the fermentation product of the organic waste in the step S3, tightly sealing, and naturally fermenting for 30 days for later use;
s5: stirring the preparation in the S4 and the humus soil in the S1, uniformly mixing, and mixing according to the ratio of the humus soil: adding slaked lime into the slaked lime in a weight ratio of the slaked lime =100:2, and uniformly stirring again to prepare planting soil;
s6: and (3) the planting soil prepared in the S5 is prepared according to the following steps: ceramsite = 1-3: 1, then mixing uniformly according to the weight ratio of 30-40g/m2Adding the adhesive in the proportion, mixing, injecting water, stirring uniformly again, placing into a mold, and air-drying in a shade place to prepare the block planting base.
5. The method for manufacturing the roof greening planting base suitable for the old building according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the screen mesh number in the S1 is 20.
6. The method for manufacturing the roof greening planting base suitable for the old building according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the block planting base in the S6 is 20cm by 20 cm.
CN202111647856.4A 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Planting base formula suitable for roof greening of old building and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN114342774A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106431778A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-02-22 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 Organic fertilizer prepared from vinegar residues and preparation method thereof
CN107235794A (en) * 2017-06-05 2017-10-10 杭州绿风生态环境建设集团有限公司 Roof garden lightweight moisture retaining groundmass formula
CN111066619A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-28 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 Cultivation soil prepared from vinegar residue and method thereof
CN111903465A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-11-10 山东天酵源生物科技有限公司 Roof greening substrate

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106431778A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-02-22 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 Organic fertilizer prepared from vinegar residues and preparation method thereof
CN107235794A (en) * 2017-06-05 2017-10-10 杭州绿风生态环境建设集团有限公司 Roof garden lightweight moisture retaining groundmass formula
CN111066619A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-28 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 Cultivation soil prepared from vinegar residue and method thereof
CN111903465A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-11-10 山东天酵源生物科技有限公司 Roof greening substrate

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