CN104126411B - A kind of method of the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket - Google Patents
A kind of method of the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126411B CN104126411B CN201410410986.XA CN201410410986A CN104126411B CN 104126411 B CN104126411 B CN 104126411B CN 201410410986 A CN201410410986 A CN 201410410986A CN 104126411 B CN104126411 B CN 104126411B
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Abstract
The method on the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket, comprises the following steps: (one) site clearing, leveling; (2) surround strip wooden frame with plank or lie to the groove of strip with common brick, tile in frame or in groove the non-woven fabrics of one deck 12-15 gram/m, repaves the careless blanket dedicated substrate that ground floor 1-2 ㎝ is thick; (3) spray adhesive: after step (two) process, then spray layer of adhesive; Repave the careless blanket dedicated substrate that second layer 1-2 ㎝ is thick, then spray layer of adhesive, then broadcast sowing stringy stonecrop stem section, repave the thick careless blanket dedicated substrate of third layer 0.5-1 ㎝, lid layer non-woven fabrics; (4) maintenance in early stage: 2-4 drenched water, weeds a garden in time.The present invention makes matrix by oneself and substitutes peat soil, can significantly reduce stringy stonecrop production cost, and spray adhesive can make careless blanket matrix structure firm, improves careless blanket and goes out garden speed, reduce costs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method on the fast rapid-result level ground of a kind of careless blanket, especially relate to the method on a kind of stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket.
Background technology
Stringy stonecrop (SedumlineareThunb.), having another name called 10000 years grass, manystem stonecrop leaf, Herba Portulacae Grandifloraes etc., is Crassulaceae Sedum herbaceos perennial.Stringy stonecrop is succulent, and water content is high, and the cuticula of its leaf, stem epidermis has the extraordinary characteristic preventing moisture from evaporating.Stringy stonecrop growth adaptability is strong, cold-resistant, drought-enduring, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, barren-resistant, disease and insect resistance, stem meat succulence, and dark green leaflet is just like emerald, and neat appearance, both can be used as potted plant appreciation, also can be used as outdoorly to be planted with viewing and admiring.Roof greening is mainly used it in current each big city, and its good drought resistance, cooling and water-saving result are confirmed, show good market prospects.
At present, the main modes of reproduction of stringy stonecrop has three kinds of modess of reproduction such as seed, stem section, plant division, but all there is various problem, the mainly little difficulty collection of seed, the shallow difficulty of root system form constitutionally stable careless blanket at short notice, need the longer time just can emerge; Even if adopt various container to cultivate, although can accelerate reproduction speed, too increase load simultaneously, add cost, transport is also inconvenient.The direct cost of general production stringy stonecrop (container seedling), all at 40-60 Yuan/㎡, limits extensively popularizing as fabulous roof greening material.In addition, grass blanket is produced and must be adopted light ground mass, especially then more should consider the problem of load as the stringy stonecrop of roof greening, and great majority were all adopt peat soil in the past, but cost is generally higher, limit the large-scale promotion application of stringy stonecrop as roof greening excellent materials.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of method of the lower-cost stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is, a kind of method of the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket, comprises the following steps:
(1) site clearing, leveling: first carry out site clearing, remove building waste, weeds etc., loosening the soil district also should smooth compacting, concrete floor or soil property harder then only need smooth location just, the object done so mainly ensures the thickness uniformity of careless blanket; Meanwhile, to consider to arrange water problem for the position that physical features is lower;
(2) surround strip wooden frame with plank or lie to the groove of strip with common brick, tile in frame or in groove the non-woven fabrics of one deck 12-15 gram/m, repaves the careless blanket dedicated substrate that ground floor 1-2 ㎝ is thick;
Described careless blanket dedicated substrate be environment protecting plant matrix with local planting soil by volume 50-70%:30-50% mixture form;
The preparation method of described environment protecting plant matrix, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect deadwood, fallen leaves, sorting, broken, pulverizing, is the screen cloth of 0.6-0.8 ㎝ by diameter;
(2) composite fertilizer, dried poultrymanure or dry cow dung, superphosphate etc. are added: every 1 cubic metre of fermentation materials adds composite fertilizer 4-5 ㎏, dried poultrymanure or dry cow dung 40-50 ㎏, superphosphate 8-10 ㎏;
Described composite fertilizer is the Russian composite fertilizer that dissolubility is good, and wherein the mass content of N is 15-18%, wherein P
2o
5mass content be 15-18%, wherein K
2the mass content of O is 15-18%;
(3) composite bacteria is added; The addition of composite bacteria is the 0.05-0.1% of quality of material, the bacterial classification added preferably carries out 24 hours activation process in advance, join in the brown sugar or brown sugar water solution that concentration is 0.2-0.5wt% by composite bacteria and carry out within 24 hours, expanding numerous cultivation (as follows), stir after adding and mix thoroughly;
The composite bacteria added be following at least one: 1. " agent of BM fermentation maturity ", Henan Hebi City hundred favour bio tech ltd produce; 2. " peasant movement comes ", Guangzhou Nongguan Biotech Co., Ltd. produces; 3. " rotten bar spirit ", Jin Kuizi Science and Technology Ltd. of Foshan City produces; 4. " North Sea group woods " Beihai Fisheries Base Guangxi Province Qun Lin biotechnology Co., Ltd produces; 5. " beautiful doctor ", Chengdu Synthesis Biological Technology Co., Ltd. produces;
Selected composite bacteria contains bacterium, fungi and actinomycetes, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria etc., and total bacteria count amount is not less than 100,000,000/gram;
(4) put into fermentation vat, add water: the mixed material processed through step (3) is added fermentation vat, adds the water being equivalent to mixed material weight 50-60%;
(5) one time fermentation: control fermentation temperature≤60 DEG C, until fermented; Material fermentation temperature is stabilized in certain numerical value in continuous several days, general with when ambient temperature is about the same, has fermented for the first time;
Autumn and winter, outside air temperature is low, adopts plastic film covering better, mainly insulation and moisturizing; Summer, outside air temperature was high, and adopt geotextiles to cover better, emphasis is moisturizing;
As material fermentation temperature > 60 DEG C, ventilation cooling can be adopted with the following method: in fermentation vat, lay PVC hard plastic tube or water-permeable pipe in advance, and as used PVC hard plastic tube, then must carry out punching process, water-permeable pipe does not then need punching; The height installed is in any position (position from top 2/3-3/4) slightly high at the bottom of pond; PVC hard plastic tube or water-permeable pipe are connected with fan blower, start fan blower, and each ventilation ventilation in 1-2 hour, every 1-2 days once;
Generally, as material fermentation temperature > 60 DEG C, ventilation cooling is preferably as follows method: in fermentation vat, (the wide * of long * high=3m*2m*1m) lays PVC hard plastic tube or the water-permeable pipe of diameter 50 ㎝ in advance, as used PVC hard plastic tube, then must carry out punching process (aperture 10-12 ㎜, two span 10-20 ㎝), water-permeable pipe does not then need punching; For the ease of heat radiation ventilation evenly, horizontal, vertical alternately punching must be carried out; The height installed of PVC hard plastic tube or water-permeable pipe should in any position (position from top 2/3-3/4) slightly high at the bottom of pond; As material stacking height reach 1.5 meters time, then two-layer pipeline is installed; In order to ensure ventilation effect, fan blower (power 750W) can only the ventilation of complete fulfillment 5-10 cubic meter material, 50-100 cubic meter material of can ventilating every day; If popularization can strengthen blower power and pipe diameter;
(6) fermentation for the second time: adopt the way of changing pond to carry out second time fermentation, add auxiliary material (as dried poultrymanure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs etc.) and, to regulate C/N to compare 20-25, keep the skin wet simultaneously, pinches agglomerating to make material hand but does not have water spilling to be as the criterion; Carry out second time fermentation (condition and the process of second time fermentation are fermented identical with first time), when temperature of charge and the external world are consistent and basicly stable, material becomes pitchy, hand pinches frangible and surface when having a large amount of mycelium, namely think and fermented for the second time;
(7) dry, packaging: by the drying materials through fermenting for the second time or natural seasoning, then packing warehouse-in, obtaining environment protecting plant matrix;
The preferred cohesive soil of described planting soil or uncontaminated and after being exposed to the sun dry pond sludge;
Adopt our self-control matrix, use, can reduce costs 40-50% in the restoration of the ecosystem of highway rock slope, big tree transplanting and roof greening engineering, and effect is suitable with peat soil, some even exceedes peat soil;
(3) spray adhesive: after step (two) process, then spray layer of adhesive; Repave the thick careless blanket dedicated substrate of second layer 1-2 ㎝ (the same step of its preparation method (two)), then spray layer of adhesive, then broadcast sowing stringy stonecrop stem section, repave the thick careless blanket dedicated substrate of third layer 0.5-1 ㎝, lid layer non-woven fabrics;
Described adhesive optimization polypropylene acid amides (PAM) aqueous solution, the preferred 0.1-0.5% of its mass concentration;
When broadcasting sowing stringy stonecrop stem section, the cover degree of the preferred 40-50% of the amount of broadcasting sowing;
During large-scale production, also powdery adhesive and careless blanket dedicated substrate limit can be added waterside with wet-spraying machine (general volume is 5m3) to mix and be made into flowable thick liquid, more liquid matrix is sprayed on cultivation bedding by screw pump (general spray seeder is all from having this equipment);
Reasonable spray adhesive be guarantee careless blanket in carrying, do not drop in installation process matrix, thus realizes the key that stringy stonecrop grass blanket emerges fast; Spray adhesive must spray in layering, and to treat that ground floor sprays the second layer (at every turn spraying one deck in principle) after suitably having done again, the concentration of adhesive will be suitable for simultaneously, adhesive must be allowed all to infiltrate into each corner of matrix, just can guarantee that matrix is firm at short notice and not affect the normal growth of stringy stonecrop root system;
Paving third layer matrix, in order to allow stem Duan Nengyu matrix close contact after stem section sprinkles evenly, simultaneously also can suitably shading, guarantee the individual environment of well taking root of stem Duan Youyi;
(4) maintenance in early stage: 2-4 drenched water, weeds a garden; Avoid production in summer, as really wanted production in summer then shading shed must be put up because working to tight deadlines as far as possible.
Early stage is not when taking root or not having whole Cheng Ping, then maintenance will be strengthened, mainly first three time permeable will ensure, if there are weeds also will remove in time, generally just all can cover with at season of growth 30-40 days, the geometrical pattern bundling shipment of differing in size can be cut into according to requirement of engineering at any time; The stringy stonecrop later stage is very drought-enduring, manages also very simple.
Key technology of the present invention adopts stem section to broadcast sowing method, stringy stonecrop is cut into the stem section uniform broadcasting of 2-3 ㎝ within the season of growth in matrix, and the Light media after the stem Duan Shangzai broadcasted sowing covers one deck 0.5-1 ㎝, wet permeable rear light pressure for the first time also builds non-woven fabrics.Because the matrix adopted is that afforestation discarded object is produced by series of process such as fermentations, containing a large amount of beneficial microbes, and the hormone contained in microorganism can promote rapidly that stem section roots, and 30-40 space-based instinct covers full; Simultaneously, owing to adding in the substrate, stem section is taken root the adhesive had no effect, as long as careless blanket can be made to become level ground at any time can emerge, not by the impact of root system, any container is not wanted yet, substantially increase reproduction speed, thus greatly reduce stringy stonecrop production cost, reduce costs more than 50% than the of the same type careless blanket of cellar culture.Originally next year of normal condition emerges 1-2 time, and after adopting fast rapid-result level ground technology, within 1 year, can emerge 4-5 time, for stringy stonecrop has established strong technical support as the extensively universal of excellent materials of roof greening with popularization.
Major advantage of the present invention:
1. make matrix by oneself and substitute peat soil, can significantly reduce stringy stonecrop production cost, can reduce costs more than 50% by existing level of production estimation than careless blanket of the same type, produce 1 ㎡ grass blanket direct cost less than 20 yuan, the weight of every square metre of careless blanket is also less than 25 kilograms.
2. spray adhesive can make careless blanket matrix structure firm, and not by the impact of root system, drastically increase careless blanket and go out garden speed, next year of normal condition can go out garden 4-5 time, improves speed 2-3 doubly than original cellar culture.Thus also greatly reduce cost, stringy stonecrop grass blanket is promoted with universal widely as the important green material application of roof greening.
3. the deadwood left over afforestation, the environment-friendly substrate produced through series of processes such as fragmentation, fermentation, oven dry, modulation of falling leaves, can environmental protect, can realize twice laid again.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) site clearing, leveling: smooth location on concrete floor;
(2) surround strip wooden frame with plank, the non-woven fabrics of the one deck 15 grams/m that tiles in frame, repave the careless blanket dedicated substrate that ground floor 2 ㎝ is thick;
Described careless blanket dedicated substrate be environment protecting plant matrix with local planting soil by volume 60%:40% mixture form;
The preparation method of described environment protecting plant matrix, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect deadwood, fallen leaves, sorting, broken, pulverizing, is the screen cloth of 0.8 ㎝ by diameter;
(2) composite fertilizer, dried poultrymanure or dry cow dung, superphosphate etc. are added: every 1 cubic metre of fermentation materials adds composite fertilizer 5 ㎏, dried poultrymanure or dry cow dung 40 ㎏, superphosphate 10 ㎏;
Described composite fertilizer is the Russian composite fertilizer that dissolubility is good, and wherein the mass content of N is 15%, wherein P
2o
5mass content be 15%, wherein K
2the mass content of O is 15%;
(3) composite bacteria is added; The addition of composite bacteria is the 0.05wt% of material, and the bacterial classification added carries out 24 hours activation process in advance, and joining concentration by composite bacteria is carry out in the brown sugar water solution of 0.5% within 24 hours, expanding numerous cultivation (as follows), stirs and mix thoroughly after adding;
The composite bacteria added is " beautiful doctor ", and Chengdu Synthesis Biological Technology Co., Ltd. produces;
Selected composite bacteria contains bacterium, fungi and actinomycetes, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria etc., and total bacteria count amount is not less than 100,000,000/gram;
(4) put into fermentation vat, add water: the mixed material processed through step (3) is added fermentation vat, adds the water being equivalent to mixed material weight 60%;
(5) one time fermentation: control fermentation temperature≤60 DEG C, until fermented; Material fermentation temperature is stabilized in certain numerical value in continuous several days, general with when ambient temperature is about the same, has fermented for the first time;
Autumn and winter, outside air temperature is low, adopts plastic film covering better, mainly insulation and moisturizing; Summer, outside air temperature was high, and adopt geotextiles to cover better, emphasis is moisturizing;
As material fermentation temperature > 60 DEG C, ventilation cooling is adopted with the following method: in fermentation vat, (the wide * of long * high=3m*2m*1m) lays the water-permeable pipe of diameter 50 ㎝ in advance, and the height that water-permeable pipe is installed is in the position from top, pond 3/4; Water-permeable pipe is connected with fan blower, and fan blower (power 750W) can only the ventilation of complete fulfillment 5-10 cubic meter material, 50-100 cubic meter material of can ventilating every day;
(6) fermentation for the second time: adopt the way of changing pond to carry out second time fermentation, add auxiliary material (dried poultrymanure, cow dung, cake-shaped rape seed dregs) and compare 25 to regulate C/N, keep the skin wet simultaneously while changing pond, pinches agglomerating to make material hand but does not have water spilling to be as the criterion; Carry out second time fermentation (condition of second time fermentation is fermented identical with first time), when temperature of charge and the external world are consistent and basicly stable, material becomes pitchy, hand pinches frangible and surface when having a large amount of mycelium, namely think and fermented for the second time;
(7) dry, packaging: by the drying materials through fermenting for the second time or natural seasoning, then packing warehouse-in, obtaining environment protecting plant matrix;
Described planting soil is cohesive soil;
Adopt our self-control matrix, use, can reduce costs 40-50% in the restoration of the ecosystem of highway rock slope, big tree transplanting and roof greening engineering, and effect is suitable with peat soil, some even exceedes peat soil;
(3) spray adhesive: after step (two) process, then spray layer of adhesive; Repave the thick careless blanket dedicated substrate of the second layer 2 ㎝ (the same step of its preparation method (two)), then spray layer of adhesive, then broadcast sowing stringy stonecrop stem section, repave the thick careless blanket dedicated substrate of third layer 0.5-1 ㎝, lid layer non-woven fabrics;
Described adhesive is polyacrylamide (PAM) aqueous solution of mass concentration 0.2%;
When broadcasting sowing stringy stonecrop stem section, the amount of broadcasting sowing is the cover degree of 50%;
Spray adhesive must spray in layering, and will treat that ground floor sprays the second layer (at every turn spraying one deck in principle) after suitably having done again;
Paving third layer matrix, in order to allow stem Duan Nengyu matrix close contact after stem section sprinkles evenly, simultaneously also can suitably shading, guarantee the individual environment of well taking root of stem Duan Youyi;
(4) maintenance in early stage: three drenched water, weed a garden.
The present embodiment just can all cover with 32 days seasons of growth, can be cut into the geometrical pattern bundling shipment of differing in size according to requirement of engineering at any time.
Stringy stonecrop is cut into the stem section uniform broadcasting of 2-3 ㎝ in matrix by the present invention within the season of growth, because the matrix adopted is that afforestation discarded object is produced by series of process such as fermentations, containing a large amount of beneficial microbes, and the hormone contained in microorganism can promote rapidly that stem section roots, 32 space-based instincts cover full; Simultaneously, owing to adding in the substrate, stem section is taken root the adhesive had no effect, as long as careless blanket can be made to become level ground at any time can emerge, not by the impact of root system, any container is not wanted yet, substantially increase reproduction speed, thus greatly reduce stringy stonecrop production cost, reduce costs more than 50% than the of the same type careless blanket of cellar culture.Originally next year of normal condition emerges 1-2 time, and after adopting fast rapid-result level ground technology, within 1 year, can emerge 4-5 time, for stringy stonecrop has established strong technical support as the extensively universal of excellent materials of roof greening with popularization.
The present embodiment self-control matrix substitutes peat soil, can significantly reduce stringy stonecrop production cost, can reduce costs more than 50% by existing level of production estimation than careless blanket of the same type, produce 1 ㎡ grass blanket direct cost less than 20 yuan, the weight of every square metre of careless blanket is also less than 25 kilograms; Spray adhesive can make careless blanket matrix structure firm, and not by the impact of root system, drastically increase careless blanket and go out garden speed, next year of normal condition can go out garden 4-5 time, improves speed 2-3 doubly than original cellar culture.Thus also greatly reduce cost, stringy stonecrop grass blanket is promoted with universal widely as the important green material application of roof greening.The deadwood left over afforestation, the environment-friendly substrate produced through the series of processes such as fragmentation, fermentation, oven dry, modulation of falling leaves, can environmental protect, can realize twice laid again.
Claims (5)
1. the method on the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) site clearing, leveling;
(2) surround strip wooden frame with plank or lie to the groove of strip with common brick, tile in frame or in groove the non-woven fabrics of one deck 12-15 gram/m, repaves the careless blanket dedicated substrate that ground floor 1-2 ㎝ is thick;
Described careless blanket dedicated substrate be environment protecting plant matrix with local planting soil by volume 50-70%:30-50% mixture form;
The preparation method of described environment protecting plant matrix, comprises the following steps:
(1) collect deadwood, fallen leaves, sorting, broken, pulverizing, is the screen cloth of 0.6-0.8 ㎝ by diameter;
(2) composite fertilizer, dried poultrymanure or dry cow dung, superphosphate is added: every 1 cubic metre of fermentation materials adds composite fertilizer 4-5 ㎏, dried poultrymanure or dry cow dung 40-50 ㎏, superphosphate 8-10 ㎏;
Described composite fertilizer is the Russian composite fertilizer that dissolubility is good, and wherein the mass content of N is 15-18%, wherein P
2o
5mass content be 15-18%, wherein K
2the mass content of O is 15-18%;
(3) composite bacteria is added; The addition of composite bacteria is the 0.05-0.1% of quality of material, stirs and mix thoroughly after adding;
The composite bacteria added be following at least one: 1. " agent of BM fermentation maturity ", Henan Hebi City hundred favour bio tech ltd produce; 2. " peasant movement comes " lignocellulose degradation special bacteria, Guangzhou Nongguan Biotech Co., Ltd. produces; 3. " rotten bacillum " organic matter decomposing inoculant, Jin Kuizi Science and Technology Ltd. of Foshan City produces; 4. " North Sea group woods " bio-organic fertilizer decomposing agent, Beihai Fisheries Base Guangxi Province Qun Lin biotechnology Co., Ltd produces; 5. " Mei Boshite " Mb/f-01 quick composting agent, Chengdu Synthesis Biological Technology Co., Ltd. produces;
Selected composite bacteria contains bacterium, fungi and actinomycetes, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, and total bacteria count amount is not less than 100,000,000/gram;
(4) put into fermentation vat, add water: the mixed material processed through step (3) is added fermentation vat, adds the water being equivalent to mixed material weight 50-60%;
(5) one time fermentation: control fermentation temperature≤60 DEG C, until fermented;
As material fermentation temperature > 60 DEG C, ventilation cooling is adopted with the following method: in fermentation vat, lay PVC hard plastic tube or water-permeable pipe in advance, use PVC hard plastic tube, then must carry out punching process, water-permeable pipe does not then need punching; The height installed is in the position from top, pond 2/3-3/4; PVC hard plastic tube or water-permeable pipe are connected with fan blower, start fan blower, and each ventilation ventilation in 1-2 hour, every 1-2 days once;
(6) fermentation for the second time: adopt the way of changing pond to carry out second time fermentation, while changing pond, interpolation auxiliary material dried poultrymanure, cake-shaped rape seed dregs compare 20-25 to regulate C/N, keep the skin wet simultaneously, pinch agglomerating to make material hand but do not have water spilling to be as the criterion; Carry out second time fermentation, condition and the process of second time fermentation are fermented identical with first time;
(7) dry, packaging: by the drying materials through fermenting for the second time or natural seasoning, then packing warehouse-in, obtaining environment protecting plant matrix;
(3) spray adhesive: after step (two) process, then spray layer of adhesive; Repave the careless blanket dedicated substrate that second layer 1-2 ㎝ is thick, then spray layer of adhesive, then broadcast sowing stringy stonecrop stem section, repave the thick careless blanket dedicated substrate of third layer 0.5-1 ㎝, lid layer non-woven fabrics;
(4) maintenance in early stage: 2-4 drenched water, weeds a garden.
2. the method on the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (two), described planting soil is cohesive soil or uncontaminated and after being exposed to the sun dry pond sludge.
3. the method on the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, in step (three), described adhesive is polyacrylamide solution.
4. the method on the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described polyacrylamide solution mass concentration is 0.1-0.5%.
5. the method on the stringy stonecrop grass fast rapid-result level ground of blanket according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, in step (three), when broadcasting sowing stringy stonecrop stem section, the amount of broadcasting sowing is the cover degree of 40-50%.
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