CN1143406A - 用于自钻孔紧固件的小片状钻削头 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
- F16B25/0021—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the material being metal, e.g. sheet-metal or aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
- F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
- F16B19/083—Self-drilling rivets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
- F16B25/0094—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw the screw being assembled or manufactured from several components, e.g. a tip out of a first material welded to shaft of a second material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/10—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
- Y10T408/905—Having stepped cutting edges
- Y10T408/906—Axially spaced
- Y10T408/9065—Axially spaced with central lead
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Abstract
在一种用于自钻孔紧固件(1)的小片状钻削头(4)中设有前面的切削棱(5,6),差不多与它平行分布的凹槽(7,8)与它相接。在两条前面的切削棱(5,6)的区域设有带后撤的切削棱(11,12)的切口(9,10),使得做成一种多级钻头。切口(9,10)制造在凹槽(7,8)的轴向长度区域内。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于自钻孔紧固件,如铆钉、螺钉、销钉等等的小片状钻削头,带两个相互形成一个小于180°夹角的、在前面的切削棱、以及从钻进方向看从属于各个切削棱的、至少大致与它平行分布的凹槽。
正好是在薄的材料,假如薄板钻削过程中始终存在这样一个危险,孔不是正确的圆形,而是近似于等边(厚)三角形,不管是在圆柱形钻削头还是小片状钻削头时都出现这种现象。
由DE-C-2801962已知一种带小片状钻削头的自钻孔螺钉。另外已知一种结构(US-PS4400951),其中小片状钻削头按多级钻头的类型制成。在一个具有较小直径的前部钻削头上连接一个轴向错开设置的钻削头,它可以将前面钻过的孔扩大。正好是这种小片状钻削头在直径比较小时产生由于钻削头的厚度在已钻好的孔壁上出现大的摩擦力的问题。
本发明的目的在于,制造一种小片状钻削头,可以用一个比较小的直径预钻,这里应该保证加工正确的圆形孔。
根据本发明可以这样达到上述目的:在两个前面的切削棱区域各自设置一个带后撤的切削棱的切口,这个切口的第一条边界各自平行于钻削头的中心线,第二条形成后撤切削棱的边界与中心线形成一个锐角,并且这个切口做在凹槽轴向长度的范围内。通过这种特别的按本发明的结构达到,钻削头上与两个前面的切削棱相连的区域,除直接的切削棱区域外做得比小片状钻削头的厚度更薄,因为这个区域直接位于凹槽内,它们相互从两侧过来相交于面对面的边界面上。
对于按本发明的结构还有特别的优点,后撤的切削棱同样制在凹槽区域内,使得能够保证一个适当的切削角,此外还存在可能性,通过改变这个后撤的切削棱的角度按照钻削半径改变切削角度。
假如当后撤的切削棱相互夹的角大于由前面的切削棱夹的角时,就存在这种可能性。后撤的切削棱不再平行于前面的切削棱,因此也不平行于凹槽,使得切削棱在其全长上具有不同的切削角,以便例如在最外端又过渡到前面切削棱所具有的切削角。
实际证明,当后撤切削棱相互夹角在160°到180°之间时最佳。由此相对于中心的预钻削头后撤的钻削头可以几乎按铣刀的方式工作,其中即使是在钻薄的零件时也保证,在由前面的切削棱所形成的预钻削头钻透工件以前,直径较大的钻削区已经完全进入工作。此外保证,预钻削头按次序的导向直到直径较大的钻削区完全进入工作。
为了加工一个正确圆形孔实际证明,只要一个比较短的部分起预钻削头的作用就足够了。因此建议,切口的最大轴向长度大致延伸到凹槽的一半处。
其次,如果切口的最大轴向长度一直延伸到钻削头内凹槽的最深处有好处。由此可以保证,使得后撤切削棱上没有一个地方存在负的切削角(从凹槽看过来)。当然连接在后撤切削棱上的前面的结尾面与小片状钻削头的平面构成锐角,但是尽管这样,如果与后撤切削棱相连的凹槽区域至少也位于小片状钻削头的平面内或者刚好附加地形成一个相当的切削角,是有好处的。从而极大地改善排屑和当然也改善切削速度。
恰好在这种结构中还存在一个特别的优点,在后撤切削棱的长度上切削角是不断变化的。从在朝向中心线的后撤切削棱的端部较大的切削角逐渐过渡到朝向后撤切削棱的外侧自由端处的较小的切削角。所处的直径区域越大,切削角越小,使得材料的可切削性在直径较大必须切除更多材料的区域得到改善。
与此相关,如果正好在最外部区域具有前面切削棱区域存在的切削角是有利的。当后撤切削棱径向伸出的自由端和前面的切削棱位于同一直线上时就可以做到这一点。只要凹槽平行于前面的切削棱分布,由此在后撤切削棱的径向伸出的自由端区域得到同样的切削角。
通过特别的措施可以用一个小片状铝削头同样在薄的零件,即使在两个薄板拼起来时也能加工出正确的圆形孔来,它对于后续的紧固起有利影响。铆钉、螺钉、销钉等等可以非常高效地装入,或者说如果孔加工成正确的圆形它们才能装进孔内。
小片状钻削头的这种结构不仅适用于通钻薄的零件,而且也同样可以用于相当厚的零件,因为用这种分级结构也可以明显地提高钻孔效率。
下面的叙述中将借助于附图对按本发明的其他特征和特别的优点作进一步阐述。
图1,用于自钻孔的盲铆钉的小片状钻削头;
图2,钻削头开始钻入一个薄的零件内;
图3,通过带铆好的盲铆钉的零件的剖视图;
图4,钻削头的正视图;
图5,按图4中V-V线的剖视图;
图6,一个小片状钻削头的斜视图。
图1中表示一个自钻孔的盲铆钉型的紧固件1,它由一个铆钉套2,一个拉紧杆3以及一个小片状钻削头4组成。小片状钻削头具有两个切削棱5和6,它从钻进方向看形成钻削头4前端。至少近似地平行于这些切削棱5、6在钻削头4的表面的两侧设有凹槽7、8。在两个前面切削棱5、6的区域内分别设有切口9、10,它们形成后撤的切削棱11、12。这些切口9、10的第一边界13、14至少近似平行于钻削头4的中心线15。形成后撤切削棱11、12的第二个边界与中心线形成锐角。其中一个主要特征是,切口9、10做在凹槽7的轴向长度区域内。由后撤的切削棱11、12相交形成的角适合于在160°到180°之间的范围内,因此明显大于由两条前面的切削棱5和6所交的角。两条后撤的切削棱11、12相交所成的角略小于180°为好,这样就排除了在钻削过程的结尾从要钻穿的材料中切出一个环形盘来的危险。因此也减小了这种危险,即在钻孔过程的结尾钻削头崩蚀或咬死,从而排除钻削过程的故障。
由图中所有图示中可以看出,切口9、10的最大轴向长度E一直伸展到凹槽7、8宽度B的一半处。其中正好看到,切口9、10的最大轴向长度E在钻削头4中一直伸展到凹槽7、8的最深处。这在剖面中弧形分布的凹槽7、8的转折点16旁。正好由图6用阴影线明显表示的,这样便具备以下优点,在后撤的切削棱11、12的整个长度上存在各不相同的切削角。切削棱11、12向外伸展得越远,切削角越小。这完全是由于规定的凹槽7、8和按本发明推荐的切口结构以及后撤的切削棱11、12所得到。
在一种特殊的结构中后撤的切削棱11、12的径向自由伸出端17与前面的切削棱5或6位于同一直线上。
残留的表面19或20就像与后撤的切削棱11、12相连那样地与钻削头4的平面成锐角地和前面的切削棱5和6相连,这些表面19或20同样对切削角有影响。与此相关,当应该钻较深的孔时,如果小片状钻削头的侧界面21和22与钻进方向倾斜形成避让的锐角,以便由此防止与孔壁相摩擦,则具有附加的好处。
小片状钻削头可以做成分开的零件,并与紧固件形状和/或力合适地相连。这样就可以使钻削头和紧固件本身或紧固件的局部由另一种材料或者另一种组织结构的材料制造。这样也就可以用合适的方式和方法以冲压方向制造小片状钻削头。可以想象基本上也可以按本发明的方式方法制造与紧固件做成一体的、做成小片状的钻削头,使得对于这种紧固件也能达到同样的优点。如果紧固件由一种可淬硬的材料制成,或者至少局部具有可淬硬的材料,那末这种方案是可以设想的。
在上述描述中始终是从小片状钻削头按本发明应用于自钻削紧固件出发的。但是这种小片状钻削头也完全可以用作钻头的一部分或者说它的头部,而钻头不必同时也是一个紧固元件。
Claims (6)
1.用于自钻孔紧固件,例如铆钉、螺钉、销钉等等的小片状钻削头,带两条相互夹一个小于180°角的前面的切削棱,和在钻进方向看从属于各条切削棱的并至少近似地与其平行分布的凹槽,其特征在于,在两个前面的切削棱(5,6)的区域内分别设有一个带后撤的切削棱(11,12)的切口(9,10),这个切口(9,10)的第一个边界(13,14)平行于钻削头(4)的中心线(15),同时形成后撤的切削棱的第二边界与中心线(15)成锐角分布,切口(9,10)做在凹槽(7,8)轴向长度的区域内。
2.按权利要求1的钻削头,其特征在于,由后撤的切削棱(11,12)所夹的角大于由前面的切削棱(5,6)所夹的角。
3.按权利要求1或2的钻削头,其特征在于,由后撤的切削棱(11,12)所夹的角在160°和180°的范围内。
4.按权利要求1的钻削头,其特征在于,切口(9,10)的最大轴向长度(E)差不多一直伸展到凹槽(7,8)宽度(B)的一半处。
5.按权利要求1的钻削头,其特征在于,切口(9,10)的最大轴向长度(E)一直伸展到钻削头(4)上凹槽(7,8)的最深处。
6.按权利要求1的钻削头,其特征在于,后撤的切削棱(11,12)径向伸出的自由端(17)与前面的切削棱(5,6)位于同一直线(18)上。
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US (1) | US6120225A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0835389B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH09510003A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100347981B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1043072C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE185886T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU683538B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9507407A (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ289542B6 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE4409631C1 (zh) |
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CN101408217B (zh) * | 2007-10-11 | 2015-08-12 | 喜利得股份公司 | 自钻孔螺钉 |
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DE10142560A1 (de) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-20 | Hilti Ag | Bohrkopf mit einem Schneidelement |
US20040018069A1 (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2004-01-29 | Hsiao Kang Shan Screw Co., Ltd | Self-drilling/self-tapping screw |
US20050117996A1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2005-06-02 | Lemire Robert J. | Self-drilling fastener |
US20060235415A1 (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2006-10-19 | To-Ha Loi | Stainless self-tapping screw |
FR3014726B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-01-01 | Bollhoff Otalu Sa | Composant de fixation et assemblage auto perceur |
TWM486506U (zh) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-09-21 | Meeng Gang Entpr Co Ltd | 鉸刀結構 |
DE102016211282A1 (de) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | Baier & Michels Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verschlusselement zum Verschließen und Abdichten innendruckbeanspruchter Bohrungen |
US10711820B2 (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2020-07-14 | Shehkai Precision Co., Ltd. | Composite screw |
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US3578762A (en) * | 1969-04-14 | 1971-05-18 | Armco Steel Corp | Self-drilling, reaming and tapping screw |
AU475406B2 (en) * | 1973-07-18 | 1976-01-08 | W. A. Deutsher Proprietary Limited | Self drilling screws |
DE2420191A1 (de) * | 1974-04-26 | 1975-11-13 | Krupp Gmbh | Bohrwerkzeug |
US3997279A (en) * | 1975-01-20 | 1976-12-14 | Parker Manufacturing Co. | Drill bit |
AT350334B (de) * | 1977-01-19 | 1979-05-25 | Sfs Stadler Ag | Selbstbohrende schraube |
AT369871B (de) * | 1980-09-30 | 1983-02-10 | Sfs Stadler Ag | Selbstbohrende schraube |
SE454797B (sv) * | 1986-07-03 | 1988-05-30 | Curt Nordstrom | Sjelvborrande blindnit |
US5046905A (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1991-09-10 | Emhart Inc. | Winged drill screw |
JPH03117507A (ja) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-05-20 | Kobe Steel Ltd | ドリル |
DE4003375C1 (zh) * | 1990-02-05 | 1991-05-23 | Sfs Stadler Holding Ag, Heerbrugg, Ch | |
DE9005712U1 (de) * | 1990-05-19 | 1990-07-26 | HEF Technische Entwicklung GmbH & Co. KG, 7900 Ulm | Formbohrer |
AU642288B2 (en) * | 1991-04-15 | 1993-10-14 | Wakai & Co., Ltd. | Tapping screw |
SE468708B (sv) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-03-08 | Sandvik Ab | Flatborr |
US5700113A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1997-12-23 | Black & Decker Inc. | Spade-type boring bit and an associated method and apparatus for forming metallic parts |
-
1994
- 1994-03-21 DE DE4409631A patent/DE4409631C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-02-13 WO PCT/EP1995/000514 patent/WO1995024566A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-02-13 CZ CZ19962448A patent/CZ289542B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-13 US US08/704,589 patent/US6120225A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-02-13 JP JP7523183A patent/JPH09510003A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1995-02-13 PL PL95316037A patent/PL179491B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-13 BR BR9507407A patent/BR9507407A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-13 SK SK1101-96A patent/SK280394B6/sk unknown
- 1995-02-13 RU RU96120097A patent/RU2134365C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-13 AT AT95910478T patent/ATE185886T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-13 DE DE59507109T patent/DE59507109D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-13 KR KR1019960704933A patent/KR100347981B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-13 AU AU17569/95A patent/AU683538B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-02-13 EP EP95910478A patent/EP0835389B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-13 CN CN95192003A patent/CN1043072C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-09-06 NO NO963743A patent/NO306795B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-06 FI FI963501A patent/FI106649B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101408217B (zh) * | 2007-10-11 | 2015-08-12 | 喜利得股份公司 | 自钻孔螺钉 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SK110196A3 (en) | 1997-04-09 |
DE59507109D1 (de) | 1999-11-25 |
KR100347981B1 (ko) | 2002-09-18 |
US6120225A (en) | 2000-09-19 |
FI963501A (fi) | 1996-09-06 |
RU2134365C1 (ru) | 1999-08-10 |
CZ244896A3 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
ATE185886T1 (de) | 1999-11-15 |
FI963501A0 (fi) | 1996-09-06 |
BR9507407A (pt) | 1997-09-02 |
EP0835389B1 (de) | 1999-10-20 |
AU683538B2 (en) | 1997-11-13 |
NO963743D0 (no) | 1996-09-06 |
WO1995024566A1 (de) | 1995-09-14 |
NO963743L (no) | 1996-10-02 |
EP0835389A1 (de) | 1998-04-15 |
NO306795B1 (no) | 1999-12-20 |
FI106649B (fi) | 2001-03-15 |
CZ289542B6 (cs) | 2002-02-13 |
JPH09510003A (ja) | 1997-10-07 |
SK280394B6 (sk) | 2000-01-18 |
PL316037A1 (en) | 1996-12-23 |
DE4409631C1 (de) | 1995-11-09 |
CN1043072C (zh) | 1999-04-21 |
PL179491B1 (pl) | 2000-09-29 |
AU1756995A (en) | 1995-09-25 |
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