CN114303791A - Nutrient bag-free industrial cultivation method for morchella esculenta - Google Patents
Nutrient bag-free industrial cultivation method for morchella esculenta Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114303791A CN114303791A CN202210087331.8A CN202210087331A CN114303791A CN 114303791 A CN114303791 A CN 114303791A CN 202210087331 A CN202210087331 A CN 202210087331A CN 114303791 A CN114303791 A CN 114303791A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- morchella
- bag
- culture medium
- cultivation
- straw powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrition bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method, and relates to the field of edible fungus cultivation. The method is used for cultivating in an industrial cultivation greenhouse, and comprises the following steps: (1) culturing to obtain a strain to be sown; (2) after a culture medium is filled in a cultivation basket, the strains to be sown which are cultured in the step (1) are sown; (3) after sowing, keeping the humidity in the greenhouse at 85-90%, the air temperature at 16-20 ℃, the humidity of the culture medium at 30-40% and the surface temperature of the culture medium at 11-15 ℃; before fruiting, the illumination is controlled to 1100-‑1(ii) a After fruiting, the light irradiation is controlled to be lower than 500lux, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 8000-‑1(ii) a Spraying the nutrient solution in an atomizing manner every 3 days after sowing. The method of the invention shortens the period of industrial cultivation of the morchella and simplifies the cultivation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a nutrition bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method.
Background
Morchella (Morchella) is a rare wild edible and medicinal fungus, and was found in 1818 years to belong to Ascomycota, Ascomycetes, Panorales, Morchellacaceae, Morchella in classification. The morchella sporocarp is in a honeycomb shape and is named as the shape similar to the morchella. The morchella esculenta has rich nutrient substances and high health care function, has fragrant smell and delicious taste due to the specific flavor of amino acid, is a special condiment for large French meals, and is a treasure in kitchens of the food industry. The wild morchella is rare in quantity, and the artificial cultivation becomes necessary. At present, the industrial cultivation of morchella relies mainly on a nutrition bag mode, the cultivation period is long, and the defects of complex operation, manpower and material resource consumption and the like exist in the process of manufacturing nutrition bags.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nutrient bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, shorten the period of morchella industrial cultivation and simplify the cultivation process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a nutrient bag-free morchella cultivation method in an industrial cultivation greenhouse, which comprises the following steps:
(1) when the cultivated species is cultivated until hypha grows to a fungus bag 1/2, embedding 1/2 part full of hypha in a culture medium, and leaving the rest 1/2 outside the culture medium to obtain the strain to be sown when the hypha of the cultivated species grows to the fungus bag;
(2) after a culture medium is filled in a cultivation basket, the strains to be sown which are cultured in the step (1) are sown;
(3) after sowing, keeping the humidity in the greenhouse at 85-90%, the air temperature at 16-20 ℃, the humidity of the culture medium at 30-40% and the surface temperature of the culture medium at 11-15 ℃; before fruiting, the illumination is controlled to 1100--1(ii) a After fruiting, the light irradiation is controlled to be lower than 500lux, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 8000--1(ii) a Spraying the nutrient solution in an atomizing manner every 3 days after sowing.
Further, the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of garden soil, 32% of humus soil, 1% of vermiculite, 1% of organic fertilizer, 1% of quicklime, 6.8-7.2% of pH value and 30-40% of water content.
Further, the culture material of the cultivar comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the ecological fertilizer comprises 65% of wheat, 30% of mixed Chinese herbal medicine straw powder, 1% of phosphate fertilizer, 1% of quick lime, 1% of gypsum, 1% of morchella ecological treasure and 1% of dotriacontanol, wherein the mixed Chinese herbal medicine straw powder is formed by mixing bupleurum straw powder, codonopsis pilosula straw powder and astragalus straw powder.
Further, the mass ratio of the radix bupleuri straw powder to the codonopsis pilosula straw powder to the astragalus membranaceus straw powder is 1:1: 1.
Further, the preparation method of the culture material comprises the following steps: soaking wheat in 1 wt% lime water for 72h, mixing the raw materials according to the formula of the compost of claim 3 to obtain a mixture, adding water to make the water content of the mixture 65 wt%, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 3h to obtain the compost.
Further, in step (1), the culture conditions of the cultivar are: the culture was carried out at 18 ℃ for 15 days.
Further, in the step (2), the seeding amount of the strain is 0.37kg/m2。
Further, the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: 1g of magnesium sulfate, 2g of monopotassium phosphate and 20mL of morchella ecological treasure are added into 30kg of 1 wt% of sugar water.
Further, in the step (3), the spraying amount of the atomized spraying nutrient solution is 20mL/m2。
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
(1) the invention utilizes low scattered light 1100-1200lux before fruiting, and adjusts the carbon dioxide concentration to 4500-5000 mg/mL-1Inducing primordium formation and growth and development of morchella ascocarp, and shortening fruiting time and morchella yield.
(2) The spraying of the nutrient solution replaces the traditional cultivation of placing nutrient bags, so that the production cost is reduced; the industrial cultivation of the morchella can produce mushrooms in about 30 days, greatly shortens the production period compared with the traditional cultivation mode, improves the product quality, particularly realizes the annual production of the morchella, and is not limited by regions.
(3) The culture material added with the Chinese herbal medicine powder increases the nutrition and efficacy of radix bupleuri, radix codonopsitis and radix astragali in the components of mycelium and fruiting body of the cultured morchella, reduces the occurrence of diseases such as bacterial diseases, fungal diseases and the like in the growth process of the morchella sporocarp, and improves the disease resistance of the morchella, thereby improving the yield and the quality of the morchella.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The following examples or comparative examples were all carried out in a factory cultivation greenhouse, and the cultivation of morchella was carried out by placing the culture frames in stainless steel cultivation shelves. Stainless steel culture shelf: the height is 3 meters, the width is 1.2 meters, the length is 0.5 meter, 4 layers are arranged, and each layer is 0.5 meter; a culture frame: 0.6 m long, 0.44 m wide, 0.3 m high, 0.08 m thick and made of foam.
The morchella ecological treasure is purchased from a kindred edible fungus disinfectant factory, contains active factors such as a plurality of microbial active enzymes, vitamin A, B, D, amino acid, nucleic acid, active fructose, glucose, trace elements, growth promoting and disease resisting agents, control agents and the like required by growth of morchella, can quickly decompose organic nutrient substances in soil, enables the organic nutrient substances to be transformed within 3-5 days, can induce formation of a large number of mushroom buds, and particularly can optimize morchella genes, promote cell protoplasm to flow, cut off diseases such as dead mushroom, red stalk, edema and the like caused by pathogenic fungus biological chains to fungi, viruses and bacteria in the morchella cultivation process, promote healthy growth of morchella, and realize yield increase.
Example 1
The culture material formula of the cultivated species comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the composite fertilizer comprises, by mass, 65% of wheat, 30% of mixed Chinese herbal medicine straw powder, 1% of phosphate fertilizer, 1% of quick lime, 1% of gypsum, 1% of morchella ecological treasure and 1% of dotriacontanol, wherein the mixed Chinese herbal medicine straw powder is prepared by mixing bupleurum straw powder, codonopsis pilosula straw powder and astragalus membranaceus straw powder according to a mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
The formula of the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of garden soil, 32% of humus soil, 1% of vermiculite, 1% of organic fertilizer, 1% of quicklime, 6.8-7.2% of pH value and 30-40% of water content.
The preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: 1g of magnesium sulfate, 2g of monopotassium phosphate and 20mL of morchella ecological treasure are added into 30kg of 1 wt% of sugar water (white sugar).
The cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking wheat in 1 wt% lime water for 72h, mixing the raw materials according to the formula of the culture material of the cultivar to obtain a mixture, adding water to make the water content of the mixture 65 wt%, and then sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 3h to obtain the culture material for later use.
(2) Preparing the culture medium according to the formula of the culture medium for later use.
(3) The culture material prepared in the step (1) is filled in the strain bag, the strain bag is inoculated with morchella, the strain bag is cultured for 15 days at the temperature of 18 ℃, in the culture period, when hypha grows to 1/2 of the strain bag, 1/2 full of the hypha is buried in the culture medium prepared in the step (1), the rest 1/2 is left outside the culture medium (the operation plays the role of a nutrition bag and can improve the quality of the strain), and the strain bag is full of the hypha, so that the strain bag can be sown.
(4) Cultivation frame is filled to 2/3 heightThe culture medium prepared in the step (2) (the water content of the culture medium is 45wt percent) is sown by the strain cultured in the step (3), and the sowing amount is 0.37kg/m2(ii) a Covering the culture medium for 2-3 cm.
(5) Culturing: keeping the indoor humidity at 85-90%, the air temperature at 16-20 ℃, the culture medium humidity at 30-40% and the culture medium surface temperature at 11-15 ℃. Before fruiting, the illumination is controlled to 1100--1(ii) a After fruiting, the light irradiation is controlled to be lower than 500lux, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 8000--1。
(6) Every 3 days after sowing, at 7: 30-8: 30 atomized spraying nutrient solution 20mL/m2。
According to the cultivation method, fruiting is carried out within 32-42 days, harvesting is carried out 20-25 days after fruiting, and the yield of morchella esculenta is 549g/m2。
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is that the Chinese herbal medicine straw powder is not mixed in the culture material formula, and other components are the same as the example 1.
According to the cultivation method of the comparative example, the mushrooms grow in 35-45 days, the mushrooms are harvested 25-29 days after growing, and the yield of the morchella is 462g/m2。
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that step (3) is: culturing the strain bag at 18 deg.C for 15 days, wherein the strain bag can be seeded with mycelia, and the mycelia are not embedded into culture medium when the mycelia grow to 1/2 of the strain bag.
According to the cultivation method of the comparative example, the mushrooms grow in 38-47 days, the mushrooms are harvested in 26-30 days after growing, and the yield of the morchella is 396g/m2。
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 1 is that in step (5), the light irradiation was always less than 500lux, and the carbon dioxide concentration was 8000--1。
According to the cultivation method of the comparative example, fruiting is carried out in 45-48 days, harvesting is carried out 36-42 days after fruiting, and the yield of the morchella is 210g/m2。
Comparative example 4
The difference from the example 1 is only that in the step (5), before fruiting, the illumination is controlled to be 900-1000 lux.
According to the cultivation method of the comparative example, the mushrooms grow in 40-45 days, the mushrooms are harvested 25-32 days after growing, and the yield of the morchella is 386g/m2。
Comparative example 5
The difference from the example 1 is only that in the step (5), before fruiting, the illumination is controlled to be 1300 and 1400 lux.
According to the cultivation method of the comparative example, fruiting is carried out in 36-45 days, harvesting is carried out 32-40 days after fruiting, and the yield of the morchella is 255g/m2。
Comparative example 6
The only difference from example 1 is that in step (5), the carbon dioxide concentration before fruiting was 3500-4000 mg. mL-1。
According to the cultivation method of the comparative example, mushrooms grow in 36-47 days, the mushrooms are harvested in 26-32 days after growing, and the yield of the morchella is 361g/m2。
Comparative example 7
The only difference from example 1 is that in step (5), the carbon dioxide concentration before fruiting was 5500-6000 mg-mL-1。
According to the cultivation method of the comparative example, the mushrooms grow in 35-46 days, the mushrooms are harvested 25-33 days after growing, and the yield of the morchella is 319g/m2。
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. An industrial cultivation method of nutrient bag-free morchella is characterized in that cultivation is carried out in an industrial cultivation greenhouse, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) when the cultivated species is cultivated until hypha grows to a fungus bag 1/2, embedding 1/2 part full of hypha in a culture medium, and leaving the rest 1/2 outside the culture medium to obtain the strain to be sown when the hypha of the cultivated species grows to the fungus bag;
(2) after a culture medium is filled in a cultivation basket, the strains to be sown which are cultured in the step (1) are sown;
(3) after sowing, keeping the humidity in the greenhouse at 85-90%, the air temperature at 16-20 ℃, the humidity of the culture medium at 30-40% and the surface temperature of the culture medium at 11-15 ℃; before fruiting, the illumination is controlled to 1100--1(ii) a After fruiting, the light irradiation is controlled to be lower than 500lux, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 8000--1(ii) a Spraying the nutrient solution in an atomizing manner every 3 days after sowing.
2. The nutrient bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of garden soil, 32% of humus soil, 1% of vermiculite, 1% of organic fertilizer, 1% of quicklime, 6.8-7.2% of pH value and 30-40% of water content.
3. The nutrient bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the culture material of the cultivated species comprises, by weight: the ecological fertilizer comprises 65% of wheat, 30% of mixed Chinese herbal medicine straw powder, 1% of phosphate fertilizer, 1% of quick lime, 1% of gypsum, 1% of morchella ecological treasure and 1% of dotriacontanol, wherein the mixed Chinese herbal medicine straw powder is formed by mixing bupleurum straw powder, codonopsis pilosula straw powder and astragalus straw powder.
4. The bag-free morchella esculenta industrial cultivation method according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the radix bupleuri straw powder to the radix codonopsis straw powder to the radix astragali straw powder is 1:1: 1.
5. The nutrient bag-free morchella esculenta industrial cultivation method according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the culture material comprises the following steps: soaking wheat in 1 wt% lime water for 72h, mixing the raw materials according to the formula of the compost of claim 3 to obtain a mixture, adding water to make the water content of the mixture 65 wt%, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 3h to obtain the compost.
6. The method for cultivating Morchella esculenta in a factory without nutrition bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the cultivation conditions of the cultivated species are as follows: the culture was carried out at 18 ℃ for 15 days.
7. The method for cultivating Morchella esculenta in a factory without nutrition bag according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the seeding rate of the strain is 0.37kg/m2。
8. The nutrient bag-free morchella esculenta industrial cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein a preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: 1g of magnesium sulfate, 2g of monopotassium phosphate and 20mL of morchella ecological treasure are added into 30kg of 1 wt% of sugar water.
9. The method for cultivating morchella in an industrial manner without using a nutrient bag according to claim 1, wherein the spraying amount of the atomized and sprayed nutrient solution in the step (3) is 20mL/m2。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210087331.8A CN114303791B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Nutrient-bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210087331.8A CN114303791B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Nutrient-bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114303791A true CN114303791A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
| CN114303791B CN114303791B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
Family
ID=81027745
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210087331.8A Active CN114303791B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Nutrient-bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114303791B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818215A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Terraced rib hickory chick industrial planting method |
| CN108094048A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-01 | 四川广安和诚林业开发有限责任公司 | The compost and cultural method of a kind of hickory chick |
| CN110122170A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick |
| CN110771425A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-11 | 青海大学 | Factory three-dimensional cultivation method for morchella |
-
2022
- 2022-01-25 CN CN202210087331.8A patent/CN114303791B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818215A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Terraced rib hickory chick industrial planting method |
| CN108094048A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-06-01 | 四川广安和诚林业开发有限责任公司 | The compost and cultural method of a kind of hickory chick |
| CN110122170A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick |
| CN110771425A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-11 | 青海大学 | Factory three-dimensional cultivation method for morchella |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114303791B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101875571B (en) | Method for preparing enhanced liquid microbial organic fertilizer | |
| CN103382134A (en) | Fermentation method of Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing cultivation matrix | |
| CN103382139A (en) | Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing culture medium | |
| CN107858293A (en) | A kind of golden yellow basket bacterium and its application | |
| CN105481486B (en) | Utilize the product of the method and acquisition of stalk and filter mud production trichoderma as biological organic fertilizer | |
| CN110249912A (en) | A kind of method that Phellinus industrial bottle is planted | |
| CN112679280A (en) | Preparation method of efficient biocontrol growth-promoting ginseng compound microbial fertilizer | |
| CN109355197B (en) | Growth-promoting bacterium for promoting growth of saline-alkali soil alfalfa and microbial organic fertilizer thereof | |
| CN106831143A (en) | Using the method for walnut woodland pseudo-wild cultivating black fungus | |
| CN102219567B (en) | Method for producing biological organic fertilizer by using methane liquid as basic culture medium through fermentation | |
| CN106977245A (en) | A kind of compost of selenium enriched oyster mushroom and the cultural method of selenium enriched oyster mushroom | |
| KR20040026788A (en) | Production method of the cauliflower mushroom using fermented sawdust | |
| CN112210501A (en) | Lactarius hatsuke JH5 and application thereof | |
| CN109089466B (en) | Method for promoting celery seed germination | |
| CN111615991A (en) | Pleurotus geesteranus edible fungus cultivation and cultivation method | |
| CN108739068B (en) | Production process of cordyceps sinensis mycelia and cordyceps sinensis sporophores | |
| KR101018145B1 (en) | Method for making of nutrient broth for cultivating Oyster mushrooms and nutrient broth for cultivating Oyster mushrooms made thereby | |
| CN107099465B (en) | Growth-promoting bacterial strain and its microorganism seedling medium for promoting cuttage tea shoot to take root | |
| CN114303791B (en) | Nutrient-bag-free morchella industrial cultivation method | |
| CN102405770B (en) | Method for promoting growth of pleurotus ostreatus by using bradyrhizobium ddjaponicum | |
| AU2020103320A4 (en) | Microbial agent for promoting growth of container-grown seedlings of Euscaphis konishii Hayata and preparation method and use thereof | |
| CN104012263A (en) | Plantation method for raising survival rate of Dendrobium huoshanense | |
| CN114175996A (en) | Propagation method of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi | |
| CN106810399A (en) | The preparation method of the full nutritious fermentation liquor body fertilizer of the fresh earthworm of large-scale production | |
| CN111670782A (en) | Composite microbial cultivation substrate and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20230410 Address after: 661199 Middle Section of Xuefu Road, Dongjiao, Mengzi City, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province Applicant after: HONGHE UNIVERSITY Address before: No.23 Fuzi Road, Jiangzhou District, Chongzuo City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Applicant before: GUANGXI NORMAL University FOR NATIONALITIES |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |