CN114292527A

CN114292527A - Method for extracting maize yellow component from maize

Info

Publication number: CN114292527A
Application number: CN202111620610.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 裴栋; 邸多隆
Original assignee: Qingdao Center Of Resource Chemistry & New Materials; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
Current assignee: Qingdao Center Of Resource Chemistry & New Materials; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
Priority date: 2021-12-28
Filing date: 2021-12-28
Publication date: 2022-04-08
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-28
Also published as: CN114292527B

Abstract

The invention provides a method for extracting a maize yellow component from maize or maize processing byproducts, which utilizes a mixed solution of a green lipophilic eutectic solvent and water as an extraction solvent, thereby overcoming the defects of large organic solvent consumption, toxic organic solvent residue and denaturation of maize yellow components caused in the process of extracting or heating to recover the solvent for a long time in the traditional extraction method. The invention utilizes the mixed solution of lipophilic eutectic solvent and water as the extraction solvent, utilizes the normal temperature extraction technology, realizes the high-efficiency extraction of the carotenoid in the corn waste residue, and overcomes the defects of large organic solvent consumption, toxic organic solvent residue and carotenoid denaturation caused by long-term heating process in the traditional extraction method. In addition, the corn gluten extracted by the method can be directly used for adding food and cosmetic products, does not need a complex solvent recovery process, and provides a feasible scheme for green and high-efficiency preparation of carotenoid products.

Description

Method for extracting maize yellow component from maize

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of natural product extraction, and particularly relates to a method for extracting a maize yellow component from maize or maize processing byproducts.

Background

Corn gluten is a natural pigment extracted from corn or corn gluten meal which is a by-product of corn starch processing. It is carotenoid pigment, and contains zeaxanthin, xanthophyll, etc. as main ingredients. The corn yellow has effects of resisting oxidation, preventing macular degeneration, treating cataract, preventing cardiovascular disease, enhancing immunity, and relieving atherosclerosis. In the food industry, carotenoids such as zeaxanthin and lutein are gradually replacing synthetic pigments such as lemon yellow and sunset yellow as natural food pigments, and in 1996, zeaxanthin is listed as one of natural pigments that are allowed to be added for eating. In the national standard of food safety for food additives (GB 2760-.

The traditional extraction method of the maize yellow is to repeatedly soak and extract the maize yellow by using ethanol or petroleum ether, collect soak solution and carry out vacuum concentration to obtain the maize yellow. However, since the corn gluten is generally tightly bound to the protein of corn in corn or corn by-products, the corn gluten cannot be directly exposed, and is difficult to contact with an organic solvent, resulting in low extraction efficiency, long extraction time and denaturation of the corn gluten. In addition, the organic solvent residue in the corn gluten is easily out of the requirement of the food additive due to the use of a large amount of organic solvent. In addition, zeaxanthin has the disadvantages of poor stability, insolubility in water, and easy decomposition, which limits its application in the food and cosmetic industries.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for extracting a maize yellow component from maize or maize processing byproducts, which utilizes a mixed solution of a green lipophilic eutectic solvent and water as an extraction solvent, thereby overcoming the defects of large organic solvent consumption, toxic organic solvent residue and denaturation of maize yellow components caused in the process of extracting or heating to recover the solvent for a long time in the traditional extraction method.

The invention provides a method for extracting a corn yellow component from corn or a corn processing byproduct, which comprises the following steps:

1) drying corn or corn by-products, and crushing to prepare corn flour;

the drying is to ensure that the moisture content is less than 10 percent;

2) putting corn flour into an extraction tank connected with a pipeline type continuous high-shear homogenizer, wherein the rotating speed is 3000-22000rpm, and the flow rate is adjusted to be 50-1000L/h;

3) adding a mixture solvent of an organic solvent and water as an extraction solvent into an extraction tank, wherein the extraction temperature is 25-40 ℃;

4) after extraction, standing and centrifuging to obtain an upper phase solution containing the maize yellow;

5) adding water into the upper phase solvent, fully mixing, centrifuging, and layering to obtain an upper phase solvent, namely the corn yellow extract.

The ratio of the eutectic solvent to water is 3:1-1:3 (volume ratio).

The feed-liquid ratio of the corn flour to the solvent is 1: 3-1: 10 (mass/volume ratio)

One of the extraction solvents comprises oleic acid, caprylic acid and water or menthol, acetic acid and water;

wherein the volume ratio of the oleic acid to the caprylic acid to the water is 1: 2; and the molar ratio of oleic acid to caprylic acid is 1: 1.

The invention utilizes the mixed solution of lipophilic eutectic solvent and water as the extraction solvent, utilizes the normal temperature extraction technology, realizes the high-efficiency extraction of the carotenoid in the corn waste residue, and overcomes the defects of large organic solvent consumption, toxic organic solvent residue and carotenoid denaturation caused by long-term heating process in the traditional extraction method. In addition, the corn gluten extracted by the method can be directly used for adding food and cosmetic products, does not need a complex solvent recovery process, and provides a feasible scheme for green and high-efficiency preparation of carotenoid products.

Drawings

FIG. 1: a comparison graph of liquid chromatogram of the low eutectic solvent extract and ethanol extract under the same conditions in example 1;

FIG. 2: example 1 comparison of liquid chromatogram of low eutectic solvent extract and petroleum ether extract under the same conditions.

Detailed Description

According to the invention, the corn protein substances in the corn flour are quickly crushed by virtue of pipeline continuous high-shear homogenization; the protein substances can be dissolved by the prepared extraction solvent, and the wrapped maize yellow components are quickly released and dissolved, so that the maize yellow components (zeaxanthin and lutein) are efficiently extracted at normal temperature.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

Example 1:

1) drying the corn by-product after preparing the corn starch by blast drying to make the water content reach 8%, and crushing to prepare the corn flour.

2) 500g of corn flour was put into a 10L experimental extraction tank connected to an inline continuous high shear homogenizer.

3) Add 1.25L oleic acid: mixing octanoic acid (1:1, mol/mol) and 2.5L water, and adjusting rotation speed of the pipeline type continuous high-shear homogenizer to 22000rpm, and adjusting flow rate to 50L/h; circularly extracting at room temperature for 10 min;

4) standing after extraction, centrifuging at 4000rpm for 10min to separate the extractive solution into two phases, and collecting eutectic solvent phase containing zeaxanthin;

5) adding 1.25L water into the eutectic solvent phase extraction solution, mixing, standing, centrifuging, and discarding the water solution. Repeat 2 times. The upper phase solvent is corn yellow extract, and can be directly used as food additive.

Example 2:

1) drying corn with blast air to water content of 6%, and pulverizing to obtain corn flour.

2) 5kg of corn flour was put into a 100L experimental extraction tank connected to an in-line continuous high shear homogenizer.

3) Adding a mixed extraction solvent of 25L of menthol, acetic acid (1:1, mol/mol) and 25L of water into an extraction tank, adjusting the rotation speed of an in-line continuous high-shear homogenizer to 10000rpm, and adjusting the flow rate to 400L/h; circularly extracting at room temperature for 30 min;

4) standing after extraction, pumping into a tube centrifuge with the rotation speed of 16000rpm to separate the extract into two phases, and taking a eutectic solvent phase containing the zeaxanthin component;

5) adding 25L water into the eutectic solvent phase extraction solution, mixing, standing, centrifuging, and discarding the water solution. Repeat 2 times. The upper phase solvent is corn yellow extract, and can be directly used as additive of cosmetics.

Example 3:

under the same conditions, the extraction efficiency of the extraction method of the invention in example 1 is compared with that of the traditional extraction solvent ethanol and petroleum ether.

The extraction method of ethanol and petroleum ether comprises the following steps:

3) Adding 4L of ethanol or petroleum ether into the extraction tank, adjusting the rotation speed of the pipeline type continuous high-shear homogenizer to 22000rpm, and adjusting the flow rate to 50L/h; circularly extracting at room temperature for 10 min;

4) standing after extraction, centrifuging at 4000rpm for 10min, and collecting supernatant to obtain ethanol or petroleum ether extract of maize yellow;

5) recovering solvent from ethanol or petroleum ether extractive solution of corn yellow to 1.25L under reduced pressure to obtain extract solution with same extraction conditions as eutectic solvent extract.

Detecting the content of zeaxanthin and lutein in the three extraction solvents by using HPLC respectively, wherein the HPLC chromatographic conditions are as follows:

YMC C30(4.6 mm. times.250 mm, 5 μm); the detection wavelength is 455 nm; the injection volume is 20 mu L;

the composition of mobile phase a and mobile phase B was as follows:

Time	mobile phase A	Mobile phase B
			0	98％	2％
11	98％	2％
			18	60％	40％
24.5	60％	40％
			27	0	100％

FIGS. 1 and 2 are comparative images of liquid chromatograms of the solvent used in example 1 and ethanol and petroleum ether extracts under the same conditions, respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the extraction rate of lutein and zeaxanthin when extracted by the method of example 1 is 35.77% and 43.49%, respectively; when the ethanol is extracted, the extraction rates of the lutein and the zeaxanthin are respectively 25.32 percent and 27.65 percent; when petroleum ether is extracted, the extraction rates of the lutein and the zeaxanthin are 7.47 percent and 5.23 percent respectively. The result shows that the method of the invention is obviously superior to the traditional organic solvent extraction effect.

Claims

1. A method for extracting a zeaxanthin component from corn or corn processing by-products, comprising the steps of:

1) drying corn or corn by-products, and crushing to prepare corn flour;

2) putting corn flour into an extraction tank connected with a pipeline type continuous high-shear homogenizer for treatment;

3) adding a mixture solvent of an organic solvent and water as an extraction solvent into an extraction tank for extraction;

5) adding water into the upper phase solvent, fully mixing, centrifuging, and layering to obtain an upper phase solvent, namely the corn yellow component.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying in 1) is carried out to a moisture content of less than 10%.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the treatment in 2) is 3000-.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the organic solvent to the water in 3) is 1: 2.

5. The method of claim 1 or 4, wherein the organic solvent of 3) is oleic acid and caprylic acid.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the oleic acid and caprylic acid are present in a 1:1 molar ratio.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent in 3) is menthol and acetic acid.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass to volume ratio of corn meal to extraction solvent in 3) is 1: 3-1: 10.

9. the method of claim 1, wherein the extraction temperature of step 3) is 25-40 ℃.