CN114247309A - 一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法 - Google Patents
一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，通过表面活性剂和缓冲溶液增大碳纳米管分散性和稳定性，在PTFE纤维表面构建多层次结构，以增大与污染物的接触面积和提高表面粗糙度，增加后期抗菌剂负载率和负载牢度，利用简单快速的水热反应将有机抗菌剂负载到碳纳米管及PTFE纤维上，烘干干燥后采用高温热压法将抗菌防病毒膜材料覆合在基布上，在不降低透气性和抗菌效果的前提下增加抗菌防病毒空气净化材料整体强度，确保材料长期稳定使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于空气净化技术领域，尤其涉及一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法。
背景技术
禽流感、甲型H1N1、流行性感冒等传染性疾病的频繁爆发，使人们深刻意识到日常生活中微不足道的细菌、病毒等致病微生物们的所潜藏的巨大危害性。近年来，人们将防护材料的研究重点从拦截细小颗粒物的单一模式转变为拦截颗粒物的同时灭杀细菌病毒的协同模式。当前抗菌材料制备方法主要是通过原子层沉积或等离子体接枝等方法将带有抗菌功能的金属离子或金属氧化物合成到载体上，较强的化学键能延长了抗菌效果但其程序繁琐，不适合大规模推广应用。另外，多孔PTFE膜材料具有优良的化学稳定性和热稳定性，导致其与其他材料的表面粘合比较困难，需要选择合适的反应前驱体以提供足够的表面活化能，提高原子层沉积效果。或通过静电纺丝技术将金属离子、多酚类、有机酸类等有机物掺杂在纤维表面，静电纺丝参数的不确定性影响着纳米纤维的结构和形态，对纤维抗菌性能产生极大的影响，同时静电纺纳米纤维的强度较低且生产效率不高，限制了其工业化生产。另外多孔PTFE膜材料抗拉伸性等机械性能比较差，无论使用哪种方法改性，在实际应用时必须有相应的支撑材料以提高材料的机械强度，增加材料的使用寿命。
发明内容
为了解决当前抗菌材料制备方法繁琐，抗菌因子负载率低、覆合牢度不高的问题，本发明公开了一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料，具有工艺简单，连续化生产能力强等优点，具有规模化生产前景，该方法制备出来的抗菌防病毒空气净化材料透气性高，抗菌性能好，使用寿命长。
本发明的技术方案：
一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将碳纳米管、乙醇水溶液按一定比例混合，超声后在磁力搅拌下加入表面活性剂，搅拌均匀后加入缓冲溶液，搅拌均匀得到碳纳米管分散液。
步骤二：将多孔PTFE膜材料浸渍在乙醇溶液中，取出后置于表面活性剂和缓冲溶液的混合溶液中，浸泡完成后去离子水冲洗后自然晾干。
步骤三：将步骤一得到的碳纳米管分散液抽滤负载到处理过的多孔PTFE材料上，干燥后得到多层次PTFE膜材料。
步骤四：将有机抗菌剂加入到去离子水中配置抗菌溶液，调节pH值增加抗菌剂的溶解度，磁力搅拌均匀后将多层次PTFE膜材料浸入抗菌溶液中，水热反应后烘干干燥。
步骤五：采用高温热压法将负有抗菌剂的PTFE膜材料与基布覆合，通过覆合辊筒的加热温度，压力及覆合速度调控高温覆膜工艺，完成后对复合膜进行收卷。
更进一步的步骤一中乙醇溶液质量分数为25%、50%、75%，表面活性剂为多巴胺、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚，缓冲溶液为三（羟甲基）氨基甲烷水溶液、四硼酸钠水溶液、混合磷酸盐水溶液。
更进一步的步骤一中碳纳米管质量占混合溶液20-30%，超声时间为0.5-2h，碳纳米管的加入量与表面活性剂质量比为1：1-4，缓冲溶液与碳纳米管水溶液体积比1：3-5。
更进一步的步骤二中混合溶液中表面活性剂和缓冲溶液浓度和体积相同，表面活性剂和缓冲溶液浓度范围在10-30mM，去离子水冲洗次数为3-6次，多孔PTFE材料浸渍时间均为5-20min。
更进一步的步骤三中真空泵抽滤压力为0.04-0.098MPa，干燥温度为100-200oC，干燥时间为12-24h。
更进一步的步骤四中抗菌剂为二酮类、多酚类、壳聚糖类有机抗菌剂，抗菌剂质量占混合溶液的5-20%，pH调节剂为盐酸及醋酸和氢氧化钠及碳酸氢钠，磁力搅拌时间为0.5-1h，水热温度为60-120oC，水热时间为0.5-5h，干燥温度为80-100oC，干燥时间为1-4h。
更进一步的步骤五中高温热压法是将膜材料和基材按照顺序穿过覆合辊筒，覆合好的面料通过牵引辊筒，完成收卷。
更进一步的步骤五中覆合辊筒和牵引辊筒的材质均为不锈钢。
更进一步的步骤五中基布材质为聚酯、聚乙烯、玻璃纤维布，覆合温度为100-400oC，覆合压力为0.1-0.5MPa，覆合速度为2-5m/min。
有益效果：本发明所述的抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，通过表面活性剂和缓冲溶液增大碳纳米管分散性和稳定性，在PTFE纤维表面构建多层次结构以增大与污染物的接触面积和提高表面粗糙度增加后期抗菌负载率和负载牢度，利用简单快速的水热反应将有机抗菌剂负载到碳纳米管及PTFE纤维上，烘干干燥后采用高温热压法将抗菌防病毒膜材料覆合在基布上，在不降低透气性和抗菌效果的前提下增加抗菌防病毒空气净化材料整体强度，确保材料长期稳定使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的不同碳纳米管负载量在PTFE膜表面的SEM图。（a）1.4 g/m2，（b）2.8 g/m2,（c）4.2 g/m2（d）5.6 g/m2。
图2为本发明所述的膜材料与基材覆合后的SEM图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将10mg碳纳米管加入到30mL75%乙醇水溶液混合，超声1h后在磁力搅拌下加入40mg多巴胺，搅拌均匀5min后加入10mM三（羟甲基）氨基甲烷水溶液10mL，搅拌10min直至均匀得到碳纳米管分散液。
步骤二：将多孔PTFE膜材料浸渍在75%乙醇溶液中，取出后置于10mM多巴胺溶液10mL和10mM三（羟甲基）氨基甲烷水溶液10mL的混合溶液中，浸泡10min后去离子水冲洗3次后自然晾干。
步骤三：将步骤一得到的碳纳米管分散液抽滤负载到处理过的多孔PTFE材料上，抽滤压力0.06MPa，在100oC干燥12h后得到多层次PTFE膜材料。
步骤四：将姜黄素加入到去离子水中配置抗菌溶液，用氢氧化钠调节pH值至9，磁力搅拌1h后将多层次PTFE膜材料浸入抗菌溶液中，80oC水热反应2h，在80oC温度下烘干干燥1h。
步骤五：采用高温热压法将负有抗菌因子的PTFE膜材料与聚乙烯基布覆合，覆合温度为110oC，覆合压力为0.2MPa，覆合速度为2m/min，完成后对复合膜进行收卷。
本实施例制备的抗菌防病毒空气净化材料大肠杆菌抑制率大于95%，金黄色葡萄球菌抑制率大于95%，使用60天抗菌效果保持不变。
实施例2
一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将15mg碳纳米管加入到35mL50%乙醇水溶液混合，超声1h后在磁力搅拌下加入45mg十二烷基硫酸钠，搅拌均匀15min后加入10mM三（羟甲基）氨基甲烷水溶液20mL，搅拌20min直至均匀得到碳纳米管分散液。
步骤二：将多孔PTFE膜材料浸渍在50%乙醇溶液中，取出后置于10mM十二烷基硫酸钠溶液20mL和10mM三（羟甲基）氨基甲烷水溶液20mL的混合溶液中，浸泡20min后去离子水冲洗4次后自然晾干。
步骤三：将步骤一得到的碳纳米管分散液抽滤负载到处理过的多孔PTFE材料上，抽滤压力0.08MPa，在100oC干燥12h后得到多层次PTFE膜材料。
步骤四：将茶多酚加入到去离子水中配置抗菌溶液，用盐酸调节pH值至3，磁力搅拌1h后将多层次PTFE膜材料浸入抗菌溶液中，100oC水热反应2h，在80oC温度下烘干干燥1h。
步骤五：采用高温热压法将负有抗菌因子的PTFE膜材料与聚酯基布覆合，覆合温度为250oC，覆合压力为0.2MPa，覆合速度为3m/min，完成后对复合膜进行收卷。
本实施例制备的抗菌防病毒空气净化材料大肠杆菌抑制率大于95%，金黄色葡萄球菌抑制率大于95%，使用45天抗菌效果保持不变。
实施例3
一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将15mg碳纳米管加入到45mL25%乙醇水溶液混合，超声2h后在磁力搅拌下加入30mg十二烷基苯磺酸钠，搅拌均匀20min后加入20mM混合磷酸盐水溶液20mL，搅拌20min直至均匀得到碳纳米管分散液。
步骤二：将多孔PTFE膜材料浸渍在25%乙醇溶液中，取出后置于20mM十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液20mL和20mM混合磷酸盐水溶液20mL的混合溶液中，浸泡20min后去离子水冲洗5次后自然晾干。
步骤三：将步骤一得到的碳纳米管分散液抽滤负载到处理过的多孔PTFE材料上，抽滤压力0.09MPa，在100oC干燥24h后得到多层次PTFE膜材料。
步骤四：将壳聚糖衍生物加入到去离子水中配置抗菌溶液，用醋酸调节pH至3，磁力搅拌1h后将多层次PTFE膜材料浸入抗菌溶液中，60oC水热反应3h，在80oC温度下烘干干燥2h。
步骤五：采用高温热压法将负有抗菌因子的PTFE膜材料与聚酯基布覆合，覆合温度为250oC，覆合压力为0.3MPa，覆合速度为3m/min，完成后对复合膜进行收卷。
本实施例制备的抗菌防病毒空气净化材料大肠杆菌抑制率大于95%，金黄色葡萄球菌抑制率大于95%，使用30天抗菌效果保持不变。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将碳纳米管、乙醇水溶液按一定比例混合，超声后在磁力搅拌下加入表面活性剂，搅拌均匀后加入缓冲溶液，搅拌均匀得到碳纳米管分散液；
步骤二：将多孔PTFE膜材料浸渍在乙醇水溶液中，取出后置于表面活性剂和缓冲溶液的混合溶液中，浸泡完成后去离子水冲洗后自然晾干；
步骤三：将步骤一得到的碳纳米管分散液抽滤负载到处理过的多孔PTFE材料上，干燥后得到多层次PTFE膜材料；
步骤四：将有机抗菌剂加入到去离子水中配置抗菌溶液，调节pH值增加抗菌剂的溶解度，磁力搅拌均匀后将多层次PTFE膜材料浸入抗菌溶液中，水热反应后烘干干燥；
步骤五：采用高温热压法将步骤四得到的PTFE膜材料与基布覆合，通过控制覆合辊筒的加热温度，压力及覆合速度制成复合膜，完成后对复合膜进行收卷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的乙醇溶液质量分数为25%、50%、75%，所述的表面活性剂为多巴胺、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚，所述的缓冲溶液为三（羟甲基）氨基甲烷水溶液、四硼酸钠水溶液、混合磷酸盐水溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤一中碳纳米管质量占混合溶液20-30%，所述超声时间为0.5-2h，所述的碳纳米管加入量与表面活性剂质量比为1：1-4，所述的缓冲溶液与碳纳米管水溶液体积比1：3-5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤二中所述的混合溶液中表面活性剂和缓冲溶液浓度和体积相同，所述的表面活性剂溶液和缓冲溶液浓度范围在10-30mM，所述的去离子水冲洗次数为3-6次，所述的多孔PTFE材料浸渍时间均为5-20min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤三中真空泵抽滤压力为0.04-0.098MPa，所述的干燥温度为100-200oC，所述的干燥时间为12-24h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤四中抗菌剂为二酮类、多酚类、壳聚糖类有机抗菌剂，所述的抗菌剂质量占混合溶液的5-20%，所述的pH调节剂为盐酸及醋酸和氢氧化钠及碳酸氢钠，所述的磁力搅拌时间为0.5-1h，所述的水热温度为60-120oC，所述的水热时间为0.5-5h，所述的干燥温度为80-100oC，所述的干燥时间为1-4h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤五中高温热压法是将膜材料和基材按照顺序穿过覆合辊筒，覆合好的面料通过牵引辊筒，完成收卷。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤五中覆合辊筒和牵引辊筒的材质均为不锈钢。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤五中基布材质为聚酯、聚乙烯、玻璃纤维布，所述的覆合温度为100-400oC，所述的覆合压力为0.1-0.5MPa，所述的覆合速度为2-5m/min。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法制的膜材料，其特征在于，抗菌防病毒空气净化材料用于个人防护、室内净化领域。
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| CN111775520A (zh) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-16 | 福建省福杯满溢科技有限公司 | 一种过滤口罩用无纺布复合材料 |
| CN112656061A (zh) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-16 | 辽宁新洪源环保材料有限公司 | 一种防护面罩 |
| CN113684681A (zh) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-23 | 安信生物科技有限公司 | 一种口罩制备方法及基于该方法制备的口罩 |
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| WO2023123862A1 (zh) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-07-06 | 江苏久朗高科技股份有限公司 | 一种抗菌防病毒空气净化材料制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4226994A1 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
| EP4226994A4 (en) | 2024-05-08 |
| WO2023123862A1 (zh) | 2023-07-06 |
| CN114247309B (zh) | 2023-08-22 |
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