CN114230316A - 一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical group O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料及其制备方法，包括以下原料组分：刚玉、电熔莫来石、氧化铝粉、氧化锆微粉、氮化硼、结合剂、复合添加剂。制备方法包括以下步骤：S1、将刚玉、电熔莫来石混碾制得混合砂石；S2、将氧化铝粉、氧化锆微粉、氮化硼、复合添加剂、结合剂依次加入S1步骤制得的混合砂石中混合均匀；S3、将S2制备的混合物经1600℃的高温、每平方米压力为120kg的高压烧制成型。通过在刚玉莫来石复合材料中引入加入氮化硼，抑制莫来石中二氧化硅转换为一氧化硅（气孔），并通过引入“氧化锆”提高抗碱金属或炉渣的侵蚀，进而达到高炉利用系数4.0以上，实现节能减排，降本增效以及高炉高效长寿的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，特别是一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
当前我国钢铁产能超过10亿吨，高炉炼铁工艺相对简单，产量大，劳动生产率高，能耗低，故高炉炼铁仍是现代炼铁的主要方法。随着技术的发展，炼铁高炉越来越现代化，大型化。
在钢铁高炉、炉底、炉缸、风铁渣口普遍使用传统刚玉莫来石、复合棕刚玉的材料，随着技术的发展，冶炼系数的增加，超高利用系数的冶炼强度加大了渣铁等有害成分的侵蚀，传统复合棕刚玉和刚玉莫来石砖的抗渣性能下降，气孔增大，结构疏松，容易提前损坏，使高炉一代寿命平均不到8年，抗侵蚀能力差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料及其制备方法，解决超高利用系数的冶炼强度下，传统复合棕刚玉和刚玉莫来石砖的抗渣性能下降，气孔增大，结构疏松，容易提前损坏，使高炉一代寿命短，抗侵蚀能力差的问题。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，包括以下原料组分：刚玉、电熔莫来石、氧化铝粉、氧化锆微粉、氮化硼、结合剂、复合添加剂。
进一步的技术方案是，按重量百分数计，包括以下原料组分：刚玉50-65%、电熔莫来石15-25%、氧化铝粉5-7%、氧化锆微粉4-8%、氮化硼0.6-0.8%、结合剂6-10%、复合添加剂0.2-0.4%。
更进一步的技术方案是，按重量百分数计，包括以下原料组分：刚玉57%、电熔莫来石22%、氧化铝粉6%、氧化锆微粉6%、氮化硼0.6%、结合剂8%、复合添加剂0.4%。
更进一步的技术方案是，所述刚玉为电熔白刚玉或致密刚玉。
更进一步的技术方案是，所述复合添加剂包括碳化硅微粉、碳化硼、三聚磷酸钠和抗氧剂，且所述碳化硅微粉、碳化硼、三聚磷酸钠和抗氧剂的比例为1:1:1:1。
更进一步的技术方案是，所述结合剂为硅溶胶。
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤： S1、将刚玉、电熔莫来石混碾制得混合砂石； S2、将氧化铝粉、氧化锆微粉、氮化硼、复合添加剂、结合剂依次加入S1步骤制得的混合砂石中混合均匀； S3、将S2制备的混合物经1600℃的高温、每平方米压力为120kg的高压烧制成型。
进一步的技术方案是，所述刚玉为电熔白刚玉或致密刚玉。
更进一步的技术方案是，所述复合添加剂包括碳化硅微粉、碳化硼、三聚磷酸钠和抗氧剂，且所述碳化硅微粉、碳化硼、三聚磷酸钠和抗氧剂的比例为1:1:1:1。
更进一步的技术方案是，所述结合剂为硅溶胶。
本发明具有以下优点：
通过在刚玉莫来石复合材料中引入加入氮化硼，抑制莫来石中二氧化硅转换为一氧化硅（气孔），避免因刚玉莫来石中含二氧化硅长期在高温高炉侵蚀条件下转化为一氧化硅速度加快，抗渣性能下降，气孔增大，结构疏松，提前损坏的问题，并通过引入“氧化锆”提高抗碱金属或炉渣的侵蚀，进而达到高炉利用系数4.0以上，实现节能减排，降本增效以及高炉高效长寿的效果。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施方式的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施方式，对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式是本发明一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。
因此，以下对本发明的实施方式的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
实施例1
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，按重量百分数计，包括以下原料组分：电熔白刚玉50%、电熔莫来石25%、氧化铝粉7%、氧化锆微粉8%、氮化硼0.8%、硅溶胶9%、碳化硅微粉0.05%、碳化硼0.05%、三聚磷酸钠0.05%和抗氧剂0.05%。
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤： S1、将电熔白刚玉50%、电熔莫来石25%混碾制得混合砂石； S2、将氧化铝粉7%、氧化锆微粉8%、氮化硼0.8%、碳化硅微粉0.05%、碳化硼0.05%、三聚磷酸钠0.05%和抗氧剂0.05%、硅溶胶9%依次加入S1步骤制得的混合砂石中混合均匀； S3、将S2制备的混合物经1600℃的高温、每平方米压力为120kg的高压烧制成型。
实施例2
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，按重量百分数计，包括以下原料组分：致密刚玉65%、电熔莫来石15%、氧化铝粉5%、氧化锆微粉4%、氮化硼0.6%、硅溶胶10%、碳化硅微粉0.1%、碳化硼0.1%、三聚磷酸钠0.1%和抗氧剂0.1%。
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤： S1、将致密刚玉65%、电熔莫来石15%混碾制得混合砂石； S2、将氧化铝粉5%、氧化锆微粉4%、氮化硼0.6%、碳化硅微粉0.1%、碳化硼0.1%、三聚磷酸钠0.1%和抗氧剂0.1%、硅溶胶10%依次加入S1步骤制得的混合砂石中混合均匀； S3、将S2制备的混合物经1600℃的高温、每平方米压力为120kg的高压烧制成型。
实施例3
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，按重量百分数计，包括以下原料组分：致密刚玉58%、电熔莫来石23%、氧化铝粉6%、氧化锆微粉6%、氮化硼0.68%、硅溶胶6%、碳化硅微粉0.08%、碳化硼0.08%、三聚磷酸钠0.08%和抗氧剂0.08%。
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤： S1、将致密刚玉58%、电熔莫来石23%混碾制得混合砂石； S2、将氧化铝粉6%、氧化锆微粉6%、氮化硼0.68%、碳化硅微粉0.08%、碳化硼0.08%、三聚磷酸钠0.08%和抗氧剂0.08%、硅溶胶6%依次加入S1步骤制得的混合砂石中混合均匀； S3、将S2制备的混合物经1600℃的高温、每平方米压力为120kg的高压烧制成型。
实施例4
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，按重量百分数计，包括以下原料组分：电熔白刚玉57%、电熔莫来石22%、氧化铝粉6%、氧化锆微粉6%、氮化硼0.6%、硅溶胶8%、碳化硅微粉0.1%、碳化硼0.1%、三聚磷酸钠0.1%和抗氧剂0.1%。
一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤： S1、将电熔白刚玉57%、电熔莫来石22%混碾制得混合砂石； S2、氧化铝粉6%、氧化锆微粉6%、氮化硼0.6%、碳化硅微粉0.1%、碳化硼0.1%、三聚磷酸钠0.1%和抗氧剂0.1%、硅溶胶8%依次加入S1步骤制得的混合砂石中混合均匀； S3、将S2制备的混合物经1600℃的高温、每平方米压力为120kg的高压烧制成型。
本发明制得的耐火材料气孔率≤13%,耐压强度≥120MPa，体密≥3.2，抗铁水、碱金属及碱性炉渣优良，实现高风温，高炉利用系数≥4.0，烟尘高炉寿命，使高炉一代炉龄达到12年-15年。同时，散装料可通过喷注方法用于高炉、炉腹内部形成炉衬再造，延长炉底、炉缸、风铁渣口的寿命。
本发明通过在刚玉莫来石复合材料中引入加入氮化硼，抑制莫来石中二氧化硅转换为一氧化硅（气孔），避免因刚玉莫来石中含二氧化硅长期在高温高炉侵蚀条件下转化为一氧化硅速度加快，抗渣性能下降，气孔增大，结构疏松，提前损坏的问题，并通过引入“氧化锆”提高抗碱金属或炉渣的侵蚀，进而达到高炉利用系数4.0以上，实现节能减排，降本增效以及高炉高效长寿的效果。
尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，其特征在于：包括以下原料组分：刚玉、电熔莫来石、氧化铝粉、氧化锆微粉、氮化硼、结合剂、复合添加剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，其特征在于：按重量百分数计，包括以下原料组分：刚玉50-65%、电熔莫来石15-25%、氧化铝粉5-7%、氧化锆微粉4-8%、氮化硼0.6-0.8%、结合剂6-10%、复合添加剂0.2-0.4%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，其特征在于：按重量百分数计，包括以下原料组分：刚玉57%、电熔莫来石22%、氧化铝粉6%、氧化锆微粉6%、氮化硼0.6%、结合剂8%、复合添加剂0.4%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，其特征在于：所述刚玉为电熔白刚玉或致密刚玉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，其特征在于：所述复合添加剂包括碳化硅微粉、碳化硼、三聚磷酸钠和抗氧剂，且所述碳化硅微粉、碳化硼、三聚磷酸钠和抗氧剂的比例为1:1:1:1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料，其特征在于：所述结合剂为硅溶胶。
7.一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤： S1、将刚玉、电熔莫来石混碾制得混合砂石； S2、将氧化铝粉、氧化锆微粉、氮化硼、复合添加剂、结合剂依次加入S1步骤制得的混合砂石中混合均匀； S3、将S2制备的混合物经1600℃的高温、每平方米压力为120kg的高压烧制成型。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述刚玉为电熔白刚玉或致密刚玉。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复合添加剂包括碳化硅微粉、碳化硼、三聚磷酸钠和抗氧剂，且所述碳化硅微粉、碳化硼、三聚磷酸钠和抗氧剂的比例为1:1:1:1。
10.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于高炉炉衬的复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述结合剂为硅溶胶。
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