CN114134145A - Hoxc10在胃癌发病机制中的作用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种在胃癌中高表达的潜在促癌基因(HOXC10),能够促进胃癌细胞的侵袭和转移。发明了四对shRNA及重组慢病毒,可化学合成,具有沉默HOXC10表达效率高,对胃癌有潜在治疗作用。
Description
技术领域
本文发明涉及基因表达在癌症发病机制中的作用,特别是涉及胃癌。
背景技术
胃癌(Gastric Cancer)是全球发病率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,据统计,我国2015年胃癌新增发病人数大约68万人,病死人数大约50万,居恶性肿瘤第二位,其死亡率在男性中仅次于肺癌,在女性中仅次于乳腺癌。目前胃癌仍以手术治疗为首选。随着医疗技术水平的提高,内镜下早期诊断率较前明显提高并可及时进行相应治疗,但若发生肿瘤转移,往往导致手术难以进行而只能接受姑息治疗。同源盒(Homeobox) 基因是一个调节基因家族,编码有转录因子作用的特异性核蛋白(Homeoprotein,同源盒蛋白)。HOXC10 是HOX家族中的一员,HOXC10定位于人类染色体12q13.13,其同源决定簇负责识别并结合特异序列的 DNA基序,进而激活或抑制下游目的基因表达,控制器官发生与细胞分化。近年来,研究报道HOXC10 在骨肉瘤、乳腺癌、肺癌、甲状腺癌、宫颈癌等肿瘤中可促进转移、抑制凋亡等。迄今,HOXC10在胃癌恶性发展中的生物学功能、分子机制及表观遗传学等研究仍较为缺乏。
发明内容
本发明发现了HOXC10在胃癌中表达增高,具有促进侵袭、转移的作用,并且发明了四对shRNA,可化学合成,具有沉默HOXC10表达效率高,对胃癌有潜在治疗作用。
具体实施方式
1.细胞株体外培养(Cell Culture)
1.1.相关试剂与仪器
1.1.1.试剂
DMEM、RPMI 1640、KSFM、胰酶、FBS、PBS。
1.1.2.培养相关仪器与耗材
生物安全柜、二氧化碳培养箱、倒置相差显微镜、细胞培养瓶、细胞培养皿、细胞培养板、冻存管、枪头。
1.2.方法
正常人胃粘膜细胞GES-1采用含10%FBS的KSFM培养液于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中进行培养;胃癌细胞株AGS、MKN28、NCI-N87、MGC803均采用含10%FBS的RPMI 1640培养液于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中进行培养;胃癌细胞株HGC27、MKN45、SGC7901均采用含10%FBS的DMEM培养液于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中进行培养。每天观察细胞形态变化,每隔1天进行细胞换液,待细胞密度达到85%-90%后,在生物安全柜中遵循无菌操作使用0.25%的胰酶进行细胞消化传代。
2.免疫印迹(Western Blotting;WB)
2.1.相关试剂与仪器
2.1.1.抗体
HOXC10、ATM、p-ATM、IκBα、p-IκBα、α-tubulin、鼠与兔二抗。
2.1.2.试剂与仪器
Glycine、Tris base、SDS、Methanol、RIPA缓冲液、Tween-20、脱脂奶粉、Glycerine、Gromophenol Blue、 DTT、甘氨酸、β-巯基乙醇、甲醇、ECL发光液、蛋白酶抑制剂PMSF、BCA Protein Assay kit、低温超速离心机(Eppendorf公司)、分光光度计(Eppendorf公司)、Thermomixer(Eppendorf公司)、SDS-PAGE 蛋白电泳仪(Bio-Rad公司)、垂直式电泳槽(Bio-Rad公司)、硝酸纤维素膜电转系统(Bio-Rad公司) 等。
2.2.实验方法与步骤
2.2.1.细胞总蛋白的提取、纯化
2.2.1.1.待细胞生长至80%-90%时开始收取蛋白。将细胞置于冰盒上从培养房转运至实验室;
2.2.1.2.弃培养瓶内培养基及血清,并将培养板倒扣在吸水纸上吸干剩余培养液;
2.2.1.3.加入1×PBS轻轻漂洗细胞2-3次,除去细胞表面的残留血清;
2.2.1.4.弃漂洗液并尽量除尽,根据细胞数及培养瓶皿适量加入1×SampleBuffer,裂解细胞;
2.2.1.5.用干净的刮子刮下细胞,此时可见粘稠糊状物质;
2.2.1.6.将上述糊状物质转移到1.5ml EP管中。用1ml注射器反复抽吸样品,直至水样澄清;
2.2.1.7.离心去沉渣(5min 5000rpm);
2.2.1.8.置入-20℃冰箱保存,或即刻定量变性。
2.2.2.组织总蛋白的提取、纯化
2.2.2.1.液氮碾磨组织;
2.2.2.2.根据组织块大小加入适量的1×Sample Buffer;
2.2.2.3.将收集的总蛋白装入1.5ml EP管,1ml注射器反复抽吸样本至水样澄清;
2.2.2.4.离心(10000rpm,10min,4℃),取上清;
2.2.2.5.置入-20℃保存或即刻变性定量。
2.2.3.蛋白浓度测定
2.2.3.1.按下表的要求配制标准品:BSA原液为2.0mg/ml,用PBS进行稀释;
2.2.3.2.配制工作液:根据标准品和待测样品的数量,按50体积BCA试剂A加1体积BCA试剂B(50∶1) 配制适量的BCA工作液,充分混匀;
2.2.3.3.按需要将25μl的标准品或待测样品添加到96孔板的微孔中,再分别加入200μl BCA工作液,轻敲96孔板使其充分混匀。
2.2.3.4.将96孔板放入37℃培养箱孵育30min后拿出冷却至室温;
2.2.3.5.用酶标仪测量标准蛋白与样本的A562的吸光值;
2.2.3.6.据测量的A562的吸光值与标准蛋白浓度值,利用Excel制定标准曲线,计算蛋白样本浓度。
2.2.4.免疫印迹
2.2.4.1.蛋白变性:将配置好的蛋白样品中放入沸水中加热5-8分钟;
2.2.4.2.配胶:配好含有5%的浓缩胶、10%的分离胶的SDS-PAGE胶;
2.2.4.3.做胶:下层胶7.5ml一块,以水或乙醇隔离空气。待下层胶凝固后做上层胶,每块胶配置3ml,灌胶、插梳子,赶走气泡;
2.2.4.4.上样、电泳:上层胶为安全凝固(大约15min)后,两只手同时向上用力取下梳子。以一定顺序将蛋白样品和Marker,用微量移液枪加至泳道。调整浓缩胶的分离电压为80V左右,待蛋白预染染marker 出现后调整分离胶的分离电压为120V左右,溴酚蓝自胶内跑出后电泳结束;
2.2.4.5.转膜:准备大小8cm×5cm的PVDF膜及滤纸。将PVDF膜置于干净的容器中,倒入适量甲醇浸泡1min,然后浸泡于电转浸泡液中。小心取出两层玻璃之间的胶,切去上层胶。然后按照“海绵-滤纸-凝胶-PVDF膜-滤纸-海绵”的顺序放入转移槽中,注意避免出现气泡,电泳槽内置小冰盒一个,接好电源, 250mA恒流约2.5h;
2.2.4.6.封闭:转膜结束后取出PVDF膜,置于5%脱脂奶粉的TBST封闭液中,室温下放置摇床上封闭1h;
2.2.4.7.孵育一抗:将抗体用5%脱脂奶稀释,将PVDF膜浸入其中,置于摇床上4℃冷库过夜;
2.2.4.8.回收抗体;
2.2.4.9.将膜置于摇床上,TBST液洗膜,10min×3次,室温;
2.2.4.10.孵育二抗:加入对应的二抗(1∶2000比例稀释),室温下孵育2h;
2.2.4.11.将膜置于摇床上,TBST液洗膜,10min×3次,室温;
2.2.4.12.暗房发光显影:用纸吸干PVDF膜水分,在保鲜膜上浸泡于发光液1min,期间用镊子翻转几次促进均匀反应。用纸吸干PVDF膜上剩余的发光液,裹于干净的保鲜膜里,只需一层。PVDF膜平铺于压片盒,关灯,取X光片1-2张铺与其上,扣紧压片盒。根据需要定制曝光时间。取出压片盒中X光片投入自动洗片机中冲洗。
3.Quantitative Real Time PCR
3.1.相关试剂与仪器
3.1.1.引物
HOXC10 forward primer:5’-ACATCTGGAATCGCCTCAGC-3’;
HOXC10 reverse primer:5’-GGCTCTGCTCCGTCTTGATT-3’;
GAPDH forward primer:5’-AATGAAGGGGTCATTGATGG-3’;
GAPDH reverse primer:5’-AAGGTGAAGGTCGGAGTCAA-3。
3.1.2.试剂与仪器
DEPC水、75%乙醇、异丙醇、氯仿、移液枪、逆转录试剂盒、罗氏PCR仪。
3.2.实验方法与步骤
3.2.1.Trizol法提取RNA
3.2.1.1.匀浆:细胞(收集1×107细胞,PBS漂洗3次,洗脱剩余血清,加入Trizol1ml),组织(液氮碾磨组织块约50mg,充分碾碎后加入Trizol 1ml,混匀);
3.2.1.2.分离:添加0.2ml氯仿/1ml Trizol,盖紧盖子,上下颠倒EP管15sec,室温孵育2-3min,离心。离心后,样品分为最下层的红色层,酚氯仿层,中间层,无色的上层水相。RNA只存在于水相,水相大约为加入的Trizol体积的60%;
3.2.1.3.沉淀:将水相转移至新的EP管。往水相加入0.5ml异丙醇/1ml Trizol沉淀RNA。室温静置10min,离心,离心后可见EP管底部RNA沉淀;
3.2.1.4.洗涤:弃上清,用预冷75%乙醇洗涤沉淀(最少1ml 75%乙醇/1mlTrizol),上下颠倒数次,离心,重复此步骤一次;
3.2.1.5.再溶解:室温干燥RNA沉淀5-10min,溶解到无RNAase的溶液。
3.2.2.测定RNA浓度
3.2.2.1.打开软件NanoDrcp2000;
3.2.2.2.选择Nucleic Acid,选取RNA;
3.2.2.3.点击Blank,先加1μl高压水(无酶)设置空白对照,点击Measure测定;
3.2.2.4.分别加入1μl样品,点击Measure测定(样品置于冰上);
3.2.2.5.测得样品浓度分别为:ng/μl。
3.2.3.逆转录合成cDNA
3.2.3.1.将样品及试剂置于冰上;
3.2.3.2.定量RNA2μg,通过浓度,计算体积:μl(2000÷浓度);
3.2.3.3.RNA+无酶高压水=11μl,计算加入H2O体积:μl(11-RNA);
3.2.3.4.按体系分别加入RNA和无酶高压水;12μl=11μl(RNA 2μg+H2O)+1μlRandom;
3.2.3.5.置于PCR仪中,①65℃/5min ②冰上;
3.2.3.6.按体系配置试剂总需要量,每份样品分别加入13μl混合液;13μl=5μl(5×Reaction buffer)+ 0.625μl(RNase Inhibitor)+6.375μl(2.5mM dNTP)+1μl(MMLV);
3.2.3.7.置于PCR仪中,①42℃/60min ②75℃/5min ③冰上或-20℃冰箱保存。
3.2.4.荧光定量qRT-PCR检测目的基因与内参
3.2.4.1.避光,配B液(GAPDH)——F引+R引+SYBR green;
3.2.4.2.避光,配B液(HOXC10)——F引+R引+SYBR green;
3.2.4.3.避光,配A液——高压水+cDNA;
3.2.4.4.取96孔板,点样,配好的A液、B液震荡并离心;
3.2.4.5.避光,加B液,每孔5.5μl;
3.2.4.6.避光,加A液,每孔4.5μl;
3.2.4.7.贴膜,封边(每个孔面上贴膜要平,不然会影响吸光度);
3.2.4.8.甩板至最大速度后停止;
3.2.4.9.放置96孔板于PCR仪中,打开软件takara,选择SYBR only模式,启动,1h15min后读取数据;
4.慢病毒制备
4.1.复苏293T,10%FBS的CD培养基;
4.2.长至80%左右,消化293T,传代,明胶铺板,细胞数量根据载体调整,pSin:4×106;pLKO.1:2×106,每个P100加7ml左右培养基,长至80%左右可转染(26h以后),转染前无需换液;
4.3.准备试剂、2ml EP管(配B液)、5ml EP管(配A液总量),质粒摇匀后再使用;转染采用psPAX、 pMD2.G慢病毒包装系统;
4.4.配B液:Opti 725μl+psPAX2 4μg+pMD2.G 2.5μg+目的质粒6μg+GFP 1μg+P3000 20μl,配好后混匀;
4.5.配A液:Opti 725μl+Lipo3000 25μl,配好后静置5min,再加入B液;
4.6.静置5min,将混合液分散缓慢滴入293T细胞+培养基CD(10%FBS)中,置孵箱;
4.7.大约5-6h后,补充12ml培养基CD(10%FBS),使培养基总量达到18-19ml,置于孵箱,过夜;
4.8.大约30h后(即转染36h后),收第一次病毒液;
4.9.用20ml注射器吸取P100中的液体(细胞分泌的病毒不贴壁);
4.10.收完病毒液后,立即向P100中加入12-13ml培养基CD(10%FBS),放回孵箱(贴壁细胞继续生长);
4.11.将20ml注射器加0.45μm滤器一起,将液体加入离心管(过滤),每管4ml;
4.12.离心3000rpm,小心将上清病毒液分装,1.2ml每支,置于-80℃冰箱储存;
4.13.大约24h后,收第二次病毒液,步骤同第一次收取病毒液。
5.构建稳定株
5.1.细胞感染
5.1.1.将感染的目的细胞按40%细胞密度(2×105,控制细胞在2天后长满)铺到T25中,12h后可以开始慢病毒转染;
5.1.2.早上8点,将病毒液从-80℃冰箱中拿出,在37℃水浴锅中融化;
5.1.3.向病毒液中加入1.5ml的5%FBS DEME,使每管总体积约2.5ml;
5.1.4.再加入2μl的Polybrane,使最终浓度为4μg/μl,混匀;
5.1.5.吸净培养基,加入混匀后的病毒液;
5.1.6.中午12点,感染4h后需换液为正常的10%FBS DMEM培养基8ml;
5.1.7.下午3点,重复感染一次;
5.1.8.晚上8点,换液为正常的5%FBS DMEM培养基8ml,过夜培养;
5.1.9.重复感染3天;
5.1.10.第三天晚上8点,将细胞传开(70%细胞冻存一支,30%细胞铺T25)。
5.2.细胞筛选
5.2.1.配制含有puro的培养基,培养细胞;
5.2.2.连续培养1周以上,未转入目的基因的细胞将会死亡,而转了目的基因的细胞将会带有相关的抗性而不会死亡,得到的细胞则为HOXC10过表达或干扰稳定株。收集蛋白,通过Western Blotting进行表达验证。
6.Transwell实验
6.1.Transwell小室制备
将小室放入培养板中,在上室加入300μl预温的无血清培养基,室温下静置15-30min,使基质胶再水化,再吸去剩余培养液;
6.2.制备细胞悬液
细胞撤血清饥饿12-24h,消化细胞,终止消化后离心弃去培养液,用PBS洗1-2遍,用含BSA的无血清培养基重悬。调整细胞密度至1-10×105;
6.3.接种细胞
取细胞悬液100-200μl加入Transwell小室,24孔板下室一般加入500μl含FBS的培养基,常规细胞培养 12-48h;
6.4统计结果
6.4.1.用棉签擦去基质胶和上室内的细胞;
6.4.2.用PBS清洗培养基至无色澄清;
6.4.3.每孔加入1ml甲醇,固定20-30min;
6.4.4.用PBS清洗甲醇;
6.4.5.每孔加入1ml结晶紫,染色15-20min;
6.4.6.用PBS清洗结晶紫至无色澄清;
6.4.7.在显微镜下取不同倍数放大细胞以便进行观察和拍照。随机选取10个视野,计数细胞数,并计算平均每个视野的侵袭细胞数。
7.Wound Healing实验
7.1.细胞计数,铺板,培养,过夜;
7.2.用10μl枪头在每孔中长满的单层细胞上迅速而轻柔的划十字痕;
7.3.用培养基洗净漂浮细胞;
7.4.在显微镜下观察划痕修复过程;分别取0h,6h,12h,24h拍照记录,比较不同细胞划痕修复速度。
8.统计分析
应用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行分析,计量资料以均数±标准差表示,组间比较采用单因素方差分析(one-way ANOVA),两个因素间的差异比较及相关性分析采用χ2检验;P<0.05为有统计学意义。
结果显示:
HOXC10的蛋白与mRNA在多数胃癌组织中呈现高表达,在HOXC10高表达的胃癌患者中,总生存时间以及无瘤生存期均较HOXC10低表达的胃癌患者更短;在HOXC10异常高表达的胃癌细胞侵袭能力、转移能力均显著提高;并且在裸鼠当中注射沉默HOXC10表达的细胞株形成的瘤体的体积以及重量均显著小于注射未沉默HOXC10表达细胞株的裸鼠;我们还进一步发现HOXC10主要是通过NF-κB信号通路来促进侵袭和转移。
上述结果表明:HOXC10可以促进胃癌的侵袭和转移,HOXC10可以成为胃癌的肿瘤标记物;并且沉默HOXC10表达对裸鼠中胃癌细胞移植瘤有治疗效果,HOXC10可望成为胃癌治疗新靶点,包装的慢病毒(可沉默HOXC10表达的重组慢病毒)有潜在商业价值。
HOXC10 shRNA的设计
针对人源HOXC10基因mRNA序列,设计由上海权阳生物科技有限公司合成,如下:
HOXC10 sh#1:CCGGCGCTCTAAGAATCTGCTTGAACTCGAGTTCAAGCAGATTCTTAGAGCGTTTTT;
HOXC10 sh#2:CCGGCTGGAGATTAGCAAGACCATTCTCGAGAATGGTCTTGCTAATCTCCAGTTTTT;
HOXC10 sh#3:CCGGACCTCGGATAACGAAGCGAAACTCGAGTTTCGCTTCGTTATCCGAGGTTTTTT;
HOXC10 sh#4:CCGGACCTAGTGTCAAGGAGGAGAACTCGAGTTCTCCTCCTTGACACTAGGTTTTTT。
HOXC10基因亚克隆的设计
针对人源HOXC10基因亚克隆序列,设计由美国Vigene生物科技公司合成,如下:
酶切位点:SgfI/MluI
载体标签:C端融合Flag&His标签
测序引物:5’端测序引物(EF1a Seq_01):GAAGTTAGGCCAGCTTGGCACTTG
3’端测序引物(R7):CTTATTAGTGGTGGTGGTGGTGGTGCTCG
产品都已通过全长测序步骤进行质量监控,全长基因一代测序拼接结果:
Claims (1)
1.一种(共四个)重组慢病毒载体人源HOXC10沉默shRNA,将它们分别命名为HOXC10sh#1、HOXC10 sh#2、HOXC10 sh#3和HOXC10 sh#4。其干扰序列为:
HOXC10 sh#1:CCGGCGCTCTAAGAATCTGCTTGAACTCGAGTTCAAGCAGATTCTTAGAGCGTTTTT;
HOXC10 sh#2:CCGGCTGGAGATTAGCAAGACCATTCTCGAGAATGGTCTTGCTAATCTCCAGTTTTT;
HOXC10 sh#3:CCGGACCTCGGATAACGAAGCGAAACTCGAGTTTCGCTTCGTTATCCGAGGTTTTTT;
HOXC10 sh#4:CCGGACCTAGTGTCAAGGAGGAGAACTCGAGTTCTCCTCCTTGACACTAGGTTTTTT。
一种重组慢病毒载体人源HOXC10基因亚克隆。
酶切位点:SgfI/MluI
载体标签:C端融合Flag&His标签
测序引物:5’端测序引物(EF1a Seq_01):GAAGTTAGGCCAGCTTGGCACTTG
3’端测序引物(R7):CTTATTAGTGGTGGTGGTGGTGGTGCTCG
同源盒蛋白HOXC10在胃癌中促进侵袭、转移的作用
体外实验:
在AGS及SGC7901人胃癌细胞株中,HOXC10被shRNA稳定干扰后,wound healing实验显示,细胞划痕修复速度明显下降,transwell实验显示,细胞穿过小室的数目明显减少;而在HOXC10克隆稳定过表达后,wound healing实验显示,细胞划痕修复速度明显加快,transwell实验显示,细胞穿过小室的数目明显增多。同时我们发现HOXC10促进侵袭、转移时通过NF-κB通路发挥作用,沉默HOXC10后,其下游基因ATM表达无差异,而磷酸化p-ATM显著降低,NF-κB通路中p-IκBα表达显著升高,降解减少,与NF-κB-P65/P50结合,抑制其入核与DNA结合,从而抑制NF-κB信号通路。
体内试验:
将稳定干扰HOXC10表达重组慢病毒转染入人胃癌细胞株SGC7901后,注射进小鼠皮下,在3周后发现注射入稳定干扰HOXC10表达细胞株的小鼠皮下瘤体积及重量均显著低于注射对照组细胞株的小鼠。
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CN116500268B (zh) * | 2023-04-23 | 2024-04-09 | 武汉大学人民医院(湖北省人民医院) | 与骨肉瘤相关的hox基因的用途 |
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