CN114108330A - 一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带及其生产工艺,包括复合基布层、聚四氟乙烯涂层和胶黏层;所述复合基布层由耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维编织而成;将耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维经过细纱制成复合纱线,对复合纱线热定型处理,最后纺织成复合基布;聚四氟乙烯涂层由复合乳液制成,按重量份计,将50‑60份质量分数50%聚四氟乙烯乳液、0.6‑1份KH560、30‑50份三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯和5‑10份双酚A型环氧丙烯酸酯混合均匀,制得复合乳液;抗氧剂均匀分散在聚苯硫醚中,极大的改善了聚苯硫醚纤维易被氧化的缺陷,使得本发明制备出的胶带既具有良好的韧性、不易断裂,又具有优异的耐高温性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于玻纤布胶带技术领域,具体地,涉及一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带及其生产工艺。
背景技术
铁氟龙胶带,又叫特氟龙胶带,或铁氟龙粘胶带,或特氟龙粘胶带,是先采用玻璃纤维为基布,涂覆以铁氟龙乳液经烘干后制成铁氟龙玻璃纤维布,再经二次涂覆以硅粘胶制成的一种耐高温胶带;但是目前通过玻璃纤维制成的基布容易断裂,韧性较差;
聚苯硫醚(pps)是分子主链上含有苯硫基的热塑性工程塑料,属聚醚类塑料。聚苯硫醚的分子结构可看出,它是以苯环和硫原子交替排列构成的线性或略带支链的高聚物,分子链规整体性强,由刚性苯环与柔性硫醚链连接起来的主键具有刚柔相济的特点,因此聚苯硫醚可以结晶,熔点高;虽然聚苯硫醚自身具有优异的耐高温性能,但是将其制备成纤维后容易受到环境中的氧化气体进攻,进而发生氧化交联,导致大分子断裂,发生纤维发黄、强度降低等技术问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带及其生产工艺。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带,包括复合基布层、聚四氟乙烯涂层和胶黏层;
所述复合基布层由耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维编织而成,所述耐高温纤维包括如下步骤制成:
步骤S1、将纳米二氧化硅加入体积分数50%乙醇水溶液中,超声分散10min,之后滴加浓度为0.1mol/L的氨水调节pH,直至pH=9,超声30min后滴加KH560,控制滴加速度为0.5g/min,滴加结束后升温至40-50℃,50-60W超声30min,之后加入抗氧剂,滴加质量分数15%磷酸水溶液调节pH,直至pH=5,匀速搅拌并超声30min,震荡反应1h,制得复合粒子悬浮液,离心、抽滤,真空干燥10h,制得复合粒子,控制纳米二氧化硅、乙醇水溶液和KH560的用量比为1-2g∶100mL∶0.5-3g,抗氧剂的用量为纳米二氧化硅重量的一半;
步骤S1中通过KH560对纳米二氧化硅表面进行烷基化改性处理,之后加入抗氧剂,制得复合粒子,抗氧剂上的氨基在酸性条件下能够与接枝的KH560反应,进而负载在纳米二氧化硅表面,所以该粒子为表面固载有抗氧剂的改性纳米二氧化硅粒子;
步骤S2、将聚苯硫醚和复合粒子分别在真空度-0.10MPa、温度为110℃下真空干燥10h,干燥结束后自然降温至室温,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,熔融、混炼、分散、挤出、切粒,制得改性母料,复合粒子的加入量为聚苯硫醚重量的5%。
步骤S2中通过复合粒子对聚苯硫醚进行共混改性,聚苯硫醚自身具有优异的耐高温性能,但是将其制备成纤维后容易受到环境中的氧化气体进攻,进而发生氧化交联,导致大分子断裂,发生纤维发黄、强度降低等技术问题,所以通过复合粒子进行共混改性,通过在复合粒子上承载抗氧剂,加入聚苯硫醚中,改善其被氧化问题,而且经过烷基化改性后的纳米二氧化硅易分散在基体中,使得负载的抗氧剂也能够均匀分散在聚苯硫醚中。
步骤S3、将改性母料在130℃下干燥10h,之后加热至熔融,挤出,夹取熔体,抽丝、卷绕、清洗,制得耐高温纤维。
进一步地:所述复合基布层包括如下步骤制成:将耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维经过细纱制成复合纱线,对复合纱线热定型处理,最后纺织成复合基布。
进一步地:所述耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维的质量比为10∶1,复合纱线中玻璃纤维和耐高温纤维均为1股。
进一步地:聚四氟乙烯涂层由复合乳液制成,所述复合乳液包括如下步骤制成:按重量份计,将50-60份质量分数50%聚四氟乙烯乳液、0.6-1份KH560、30-50份三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯和5-10份双酚A型环氧丙烯酸酯混合均匀,制得复合乳液。
一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
第一步、制备复合基布层;
第二步、制备复合乳液,将复合乳液涂覆在复合基布层一侧表面,在100-110℃下烘干,形成聚四氟乙烯涂层;
第三步、在复合基布层另一侧表面涂覆有机硅压敏胶,固化,形成胶黏层。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明复合型特氟龙高温胶带由复合基布层作为基层,所述复合基布层由耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维编织而成,通过将玻璃纤维与耐高温纤维混纺,极大地改善了玻璃基布的韧性较差,易断裂的缺陷,耐高温纤维以聚苯硫醚为基材,经熔融抽丝制得,但是聚苯硫醚制成纤维后容易被氧化,所以本发明步骤S1中通过KH560对纳米二氧化硅表面进行烷基化改性处理,之后加入抗氧剂,制得复合粒子,该粒子为表面固载有抗氧剂的改性纳米二氧化硅粒子,步骤S2中通过复合粒子对聚苯硫醚进行共混改性,通过复合粒子进行共混改性,通过在复合粒子上承载抗氧剂,加入聚苯硫醚中,改善其被氧化问题,而且经过烷基化改性后的纳米二氧化硅易分散在基体中,使得负载的抗氧剂也能够均匀分散在聚苯硫醚中,极大的改善了聚苯硫醚纤维易被氧化的缺陷,使得本发明制备出的胶带既具有良好的韧性、不易断裂,又具有优异的耐高温性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
耐高温纤维包括如下步骤制成:
步骤S1、将纳米二氧化硅加入体积分数50%乙醇水溶液中,超声分散10min,之后滴加浓度为0.1mol/L的氨水调节pH,直至pH=9,超声30min后滴加KH560,控制滴加速度为0.5g/min,滴加结束后升温至40℃,50W超声30min,之后加入2-萘胺,滴加质量分数15%磷酸水溶液调节pH,直至pH=5,匀速搅拌并超声30min,震荡反应1h,制得复合粒子悬浮液,离心、抽滤,真空干燥10h,制得复合粒子,控制纳米二氧化硅、乙醇水溶液和KH560的用量比为1g∶100mL∶0.5g,2-萘胺的用量为纳米二氧化硅重量的一半;
步骤S2、将聚苯硫醚和复合粒子分别在真空度-0.10MPa、温度为110℃下真空干燥10h,干燥结束后自然降温至室温,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,熔融、混炼、分散、挤出、切粒,制得改性母料,复合粒子的加入量为聚苯硫醚重量的5%。
步骤S3、将改性母料在130℃下干燥10h,之后加热至熔融,挤出,夹取熔体,抽丝、卷绕、清洗,制得耐高温纤维。
实施例2
耐高温纤维包括如下步骤制成:
步骤S1、将纳米二氧化硅加入体积分数50%乙醇水溶液中,超声分散10min,之后滴加浓度为0.1mol/L的氨水调节pH,直至pH=9,超声30min后滴加KH560,控制滴加速度为0.5g/min,滴加结束后升温至45℃,55W超声30min,之后加入二苯胺,滴加质量分数15%磷酸水溶液调节pH,直至pH=5,匀速搅拌并超声30min,震荡反应1h,制得复合粒子悬浮液,离心、抽滤,真空干燥10h,制得复合粒子,控制纳米二氧化硅、乙醇水溶液和KH560的用量比为1.5g∶100mL∶2g,二苯胺的用量为纳米二氧化硅重量的一半;
步骤S2、将聚苯硫醚和复合粒子分别在真空度-0.10MPa、温度为110℃下真空干燥10h,干燥结束后自然降温至室温,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,熔融、混炼、分散、挤出、切粒,制得改性母料,复合粒子的加入量为聚苯硫醚重量的5%。
步骤S3、将改性母料在130℃下干燥10h,之后加热至熔融,挤出,夹取熔体,抽丝、卷绕、清洗,制得耐高温纤维。
实施例3
耐高温纤维包括如下步骤制成:
步骤S1、将纳米二氧化硅加入体积分数50%乙醇水溶液中,超声分散10min,之后滴加浓度为0.1mol/L的氨水调节pH,直至pH=9,超声30min后滴加KH560,控制滴加速度为0.5g/min,滴加结束后升温至50℃,60W超声30min,之后加入对苯二胺,滴加质量分数15%磷酸水溶液调节pH,直至pH=5,匀速搅拌并超声30min,震荡反应1h,制得复合粒子悬浮液,离心、抽滤,真空干燥10h,制得复合粒子,控制纳米二氧化硅、乙醇水溶液和KH560的用量比为2g∶100mL∶3g,对苯二胺的用量为纳米二氧化硅重量的一半;
步骤S2、将聚苯硫醚和复合粒子分别在真空度-0.10MPa、温度为110℃下真空干燥10h,干燥结束后自然降温至室温,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,熔融、混炼、分散、挤出、切粒,制得改性母料,复合粒子的加入量为聚苯硫醚重量的5%。
步骤S3、将改性母料在130℃下干燥10h,之后加热至熔融,挤出,夹取熔体,抽丝、卷绕、清洗,制得耐高温纤维。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1相比,用纳米二氧化硅掺杂聚苯硫醚,制成纤维。
将实施例1-3和对比例1制成的纤维,分别在210℃、220℃和230℃热处理36h,检测实施例1-3和对比例1的强度后计算强度保持率,结果如下表1所示。
表1
210℃ | 220℃ | 230℃ | |
实施例1 | 98% | 96% | 95% |
实施例2 | 97% | 96% | 94% |
实施例3 | 97% | 95% | 94% |
对比例1 | 75% | 71% | 68% |
从上表1中能够看出添加抗氧剂的实施例1-3经过热处理后均有较高的强度保持率。
实施例4
一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
第一步、制备复合基布层:将实施例1制备出的耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维经过细纱制成复合纱线,对复合纱线热定型处理,最后纺织成复合基布,梳棉机道夫速度为16r/min,锡林与刺棍的线速度比为1:1.2,通过并条机进行精梳棉,条并卷的牵伸倍数为4,粗纱机压力棒调节环包围角为30°,在Z向捻系数为85捻的条件下,进行细纱,对复合纱线以100℃热定型处理1h,最后将复合纱线通过机织制成复合基布,所述耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维的质量比为10∶1,复合纱线中玻璃纤维和耐高温纤维均为1股;
第二步、按重量份计,将50份质量分数50%聚四氟乙烯乳液、0.6份KH560、30份三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯和5份双酚A型环氧丙烯酸酯混合均匀,制得复合乳液,将复合乳液涂覆在复合基布层一侧表面,在100℃下烘干,形成聚四氟乙烯涂层;
第三步、在复合基布层另一侧表面涂覆有机硅压敏胶,固化,形成胶黏层。
实施例5
一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
第一步、制备复合基布层:将实施例1制备出的耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维经过细纱制成复合纱线,对复合纱线热定型处理,最后纺织成复合基布,梳棉机道夫速度为16r/min,锡林与刺棍的线速度比为1:1.2,通过并条机进行精梳棉,条并卷的牵伸倍数为4,粗纱机压力棒调节环包围角为30°,在Z向捻系数为85捻的条件下,进行细纱,对复合纱线以100℃热定型处理1h,最后将复合纱线通过机织制成复合基布,所述耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维的质量比为10∶1,复合纱线中玻璃纤维和耐高温纤维均为1股;
第二步、按重量份计,将55份质量分数50%聚四氟乙烯乳液、0.8份KH560、40份三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯和8份双酚A型环氧丙烯酸酯混合均匀,制得复合乳液,将复合乳液涂覆在复合基布层一侧表面,在110℃下烘干,形成聚四氟乙烯涂层;
第三步、在复合基布层另一侧表面涂覆有机硅压敏胶,固化,形成胶黏层。
实施例6
一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
第一步、制备复合基布层:将实施例1制备出的耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维经过细纱制成复合纱线,对复合纱线热定型处理,最后纺织成复合基布,梳棉机道夫速度为16r/min,锡林与刺棍的线速度比为1:1.2,通过并条机进行精梳棉,条并卷的牵伸倍数为4,粗纱机压力棒调节环包围角为30°,在Z向捻系数为85捻的条件下,进行细纱,对复合纱线以100℃热定型处理1h,最后将复合纱线通过机织制成复合基布,所述耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维的质量比为10∶1,复合纱线中玻璃纤维和耐高温纤维均为1股;
第二步、按重量份计,将60份质量分数50%聚四氟乙烯乳液、1份KH560、50份三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯和10份双酚A型环氧丙烯酸酯混合均匀,制得复合乳液,将复合乳液涂覆在复合基布层一侧表面,在110℃下烘干,形成聚四氟乙烯涂层;
第三步、在复合基布层另一侧表面涂覆有机硅压敏胶,固化,形成胶黏层。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例4相比,用玻璃纤布代替复合基布。
对比例3
本对比例为市售某公司生产的特氟龙高温胶带。
对实施例4-6和对比例2-3的性能进行检测,结果如下表2所示:
抗穿刺强度测试方法参考GB/T20220-2006,抗穿刺强度只测试至600N;折弯强度测试方法参考:GB/T16578.1-2008,测试是否弯曲次数大于8000次;撕裂强度测试方法参考:GB/T16578.1-2008。
表2
从上表2中能够看出本发明实施例4-6制备出的特氟龙高温胶带,具有优异的力学性能,所以经过烷基化改性后的纳米二氧化硅易分散在基体中,使得负载的抗氧剂也能够均匀分散在聚苯硫醚中,极大的改善了聚苯硫醚纤维易被氧化的缺陷,使得本发明制备出的胶带既具有良好的韧性、不易断裂,又具有优异的耐高温性能。
在说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明所作的举例和说明,所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,只要不偏离发明或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带,包括复合基布层、聚四氟乙烯涂层和胶黏层,其特征在于:所述复合基布层由耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维编织而成,所述耐高温纤维包括如下步骤制成:
步骤S1、将纳米二氧化硅加入体积分数50%乙醇水溶液中,超声分散10min,之后滴加浓度为0.1mol/L的氨水调节pH,直至pH=9,超声30min后滴加KH560,控制滴加速度为0.5g/min,滴加结束后升温至40-50℃,50-60W超声30min,之后加入抗氧剂,滴加质量分数15%磷酸水溶液调节pH,直至pH=5,匀速搅拌并超声30min,震荡反应1h,制得复合粒子悬浮液,离心、抽滤,真空干燥10h,制得复合粒子;
步骤S2、将聚苯硫醚和复合粒子分别在真空度-0.10MPa、温度为110℃下真空干燥10h,干燥结束后自然降温至室温,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,熔融、混炼、分散、挤出、切粒,制得改性母料;
步骤S3、将改性母料在130℃下干燥10h,之后加热至熔融,挤出,夹取熔体,抽丝、卷绕、清洗,制得耐高温纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带,其特征在于:步骤S1中控制纳米二氧化硅、乙醇水溶液和KH560的用量比为1-2g∶100mL∶0.5-3g,抗氧剂的用量为纳米二氧化硅重量的一半。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带,其特征在于:步骤S2中复合粒子的加入量为聚苯硫醚重量的5%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带,其特征在于:所述复合基布层包括如下步骤制成:将耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维经过细纱制成复合纱线,对复合纱线热定型处理,最后纺织成复合基布。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带,其特征在于:所述耐高温纤维和玻璃纤维的质量比为10∶1,复合纱线中玻璃纤维和耐高温纤维均为1股。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带,其特征在于:聚四氟乙烯涂层由复合乳液制成,所述复合乳液包括如下步骤制成:按重量份计,将50-60份质量分数50%聚四氟乙烯乳液、0.6-1份KH560、30-50份三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯和5-10份双酚A型环氧丙烯酸酯混合均匀,制得复合乳液。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合型特氟龙高温胶带的生产工艺,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
第一步、制备复合基布层;
第二步、制备复合乳液,将复合乳液涂覆在复合基布层一侧表面,在100-110℃下烘干,形成聚四氟乙烯涂层;
第三步、在复合基布层另一侧表面涂覆有机硅压敏胶,固化,形成胶黏层。
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